乙烯基酯树脂的合成新法及其性能研究

由2,2-(4,4′-二羟乙基酚基)丙烷与甲基丙烯酸等不饱和酸的酯化产物溶解于苯乙烯中,制成了能室温固化、常压成型的BEM-3型乙烯基酯树酯。分析和探讨了树脂的结构,测定了固化树脂及玻璃钢的性能。结果表明,采用的新合成方法是成功的。该法不仅简化了生产工艺,降低了成本,开辟了合成乙烯基酯树脂的新途径,同时也提高了树脂的耐热和耐腐蚀性能。     

苯基脒/碘化亚铜催化碘代芳烃与二芳胺的反应

N 烷(芳)基苯甲酰胺与氯化亚砜作用后,在三乙胺存在下与芳伯胺或脂肪伯胺反应,方便、高产率地得到了6个N,N′ 烷基或芳基苯甲脒;然后将其作为配体应用于铜催化的碘苯与二苯胺的偶联反应中,该类配体显示出了良好的活性,其中N 苯基 N′ 叔丁基苯甲脒(L6)的活性最高,产率达到96%;不同取代的碘代芳烃和含有吸电子或供电子基团的二苯胺用这一催化体系进行底物扩展,均能以很高的产率得到偶联产物。将这一催化体系应用于OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode)的空穴传输材料N,N,N′,N′ 四苯基联苯二胺(TPB)及其溴代的衍生物的合成中,分别以77%和70%的产率得到目标产物。     

DAIP改性环氧树脂体系固化反应动力学

用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对间苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(DA IP)改性酚醛环氧树脂(F-51)固化体系的固化反应过程进行了分析。用K issinger方法求得体系固化反应的表观活化能ΔE=49.9kJ/m o l,根据C rane理论计算得到该体系的固化反应级数n=0.87。为初步确定甲基四氢苯酐(M eTHPA)和顺丁烯二酸酐(MA)两种酸酐作为固化剂的固化反应条件提供了一定的理论依据。     

环氧/氰酸酯体系的固化反应动力学

用K issinger法对环氧/氰酸酯体系进行动力学研究,得到了不同催化剂作用下的反应活化能、反应级数和频率因子。研究表明:加入催化剂后各样品的固化反应活化能都有所降低,其中乙酰丙酮铜可使反应活化能下降30%,催化反应的级数为2;钛酸四正丁酯、二丁基二月桂酸锡和乙酰丙酮钴也能降低固化反应活化能15%以上,二丁基二月桂酸锡和乙酰丙酮钴能大幅降低固化反应温度。以钛酸四正丁酯、二丁基二月桂酸锡催化与不加催化剂的氰酸酯/环氧体系的固化反应级数均为1。钛酸四正丁酯催化氰酸酯与环氧树脂的固化交联反应是一步连续进行的,而以其他催化剂催化和不加催化剂的固化反应是二步交替进行的。     

耐热芴型环氧树脂的非等温固化动力学

合成了9,9’-二[4-(2,3环氧丙氧基)苯基]芴,并以4,4’-二氨基二苯砜胺为固化剂,用非等温DSC法研究了其固化动力学,用Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法和Friedman法确定了固化动力学参数,用动力学模拟推测了固化机理函数,并用TGA法对等温固化树脂的耐热性进行了表征。结果表明:双酚芴环氧固化反应的表观活化能约63.86 kJ/mol,扩散因子为3.80×104s-1,反应级数为1.57;固化反应为枝状成核的自催化反应;等温固化后的环氧树脂于400℃开始分解,700℃时残碳率为41.73%。     

T-型氢键液晶复合物的制备与液晶行为

以不具有液晶行为的2,6-二[N,N′-二-(4-烷基苯甲酰基)]氨基吡啶(A系列)和4-正烷氧基苯甲酸(D系列)作为氢键液晶复合物的单体,组装成T-型氢键液晶系列复合物(AmDn)。用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征,用DSC及偏光显微方法对其液晶行为进行了研究。结果表明:所合成的21种复合物分子间存在氢键且都具有向列相。通过调整2,6-二[N,N′-二-(4-烷基苯甲酰基)]氨基吡啶分子上柔性烷基的长度和极性,可以有效地调节它与4-烷氧基苯甲酸形成的氢键复合物的液晶相变温度以及液晶态的稳定性;增加2,6-二[N,N′-二-(4-烷基苯甲酰基)]氨基吡啶分子上柔性烷基的长度,其复合物AmDn的液晶相温度范围趋于变窄,清亮点逐渐下降,其液晶态稳定性也逐渐下降;以2,6-二[N,N′-二-(4-烷基苯甲酰基)]氨基吡啶分子替代2,6-二[N,N′-二-(4-烷氧基苯甲酰基)]氨基吡啶分子,可以降低分子的极性,使其单体的熔点及其氢键复合物AmDn的相变温度下降。     

HPLC-MS测定奥美沙坦酯中有关基因毒性杂质

建立一种直接测定奥美沙坦酯中基因毒性杂质5-(4′-溴甲基联苯-2-基)四氮唑和5-(4′-二溴甲基联苯-2-基)四氮唑的液相色谱-质谱联用方法。采用色谱柱Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C₁₈(250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm)，以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相；在电喷雾正离子模式下，对m/z 315和m/z 395离子进行选择性监测。5-(4′-溴甲基联苯-2-基)四氮唑和5-(4′-二溴甲基联苯-2-基)四氮唑的质量浓度分别在0.009 4~0.561 0 μg/mL和0.018 2~0.547 5 μg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系；定量限分别为9.35和18.25 ng/mL；检测限分别为3.12和6.08 ng/mL；平均回收率分别为96.5%(n=9，RSD=4.8%)和98.0%(n=9，RSD=5.1%)。本法操作简便、专属性好、准确度高，可用于奥美沙坦酯中基因毒性杂质5-(4′-溴甲基联苯-2-基)四氮唑和5-(4′-二溴甲基联苯-2-基)四氮唑的检测。     

酚醛环氧型乙烯基酯树脂及其玻璃钢的耐热及耐腐蚀性能研究

前文已经报导,可用于手糊成型的酚醛环氧型乙烯基酯树脂(以下简称W_2-1树脂)的固化过程及其优良的机械强度、耐温及耐腐蚀性能。本文主要研究树脂中不同苯乙烯含量、不同类型玻璃布及各种表面处理剂列W_2-1树脂玻璃钢的热机械强度及耐腐蚀性的影响。     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯大单体与苯乙烯共聚合动力学研究

合成了端基为甲基丙烯酸酯的四种不同分子量的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯大单体(M_1),分别与苯乙烯(M_2)共聚,用GPC方法和称重法测定共聚数据,以Kelen—Tüd■s方法进行处理。结果表明,此体系不符合Mayo-Lewis方程。而共聚机理分析说明式r′_2=ln([M_2]_0/[M_2])/In([M_1]_0/[M_0])仍可描述此体系。由此式计算了r′_2,值。r′_2随大单体分子量、大单体初始浓度及反应温度等反应条件而变化(r′_2=0.79-1.3)。在大单体共聚反应中,存在着较大的扩散控制因素,扩散过程减慢将使r′_2增大。     

自组装制备聚(丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯)壳交联胶束

以1-氯代乙苯为引发剂、氯化亚铜/N,N,N′,N″,N″-五甲基二乙撑三胺(PMDETA)为催化体系、丁酮-异丙醇为混合溶剂,通过原子转移自由基聚合法制备不同分子量的大分子引发剂聚丙烯酸叔丁酯(1-PECl)及不同嵌段比的两亲性嵌段共聚物聚(丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯)(P(tBA-b-DMAEMA))。通过1H-NMR表征了P(tBA-b-DMAEMA)的结构,GPC测试了其分子量及分子量分布。P(tBA-b-DMAEMA)在选择性溶剂中自组装形成核-壳结构的胶束,引用了乙烯基乙二醇二碘醚(BIEE)为交联剂与链段PDMAEMA发生化学交联反应从而得到稳定的壳交联胶束结构,并通过马尔文粒径仪研究了自组装所得胶束的温度及pH敏感性。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.