超声和MRI于筛查及鉴别卵巢肿瘤良恶性病变中的价值

目的 研究卵巢肿瘤良恶性病变者行超声与MRI进行筛查和鉴别诊断的价值.方法 选取通过手术病理确诊的56例卵巢肿瘤病变患者资料进行分析,均行超声与MRI检查,对比两种方式的诊断价值.结果 超声影像学表现为:良性肿瘤的边界较清楚,恶性肿瘤的边界较模糊;MRI影像学表现为:良性肿瘤为单发,恶性肿瘤好发于双侧卵巢.超声与MRI术前定性诊断准确概率77.50%与90.00%和良恶性诊断准确概率对比差异无统计学意义;超声与MRI诊断疾病的特异度95.12%与97.00%、灵敏度82.93%与88.20%对比差异均无统计学意义.结论卵巢肿瘤良恶性病变者行超声与MRI进行筛查和鉴别诊断的价值相当,临床可将此两种方法相结合,以提高肿瘤病变诊断准确概率,为疾病尽早采取有效防治措施提供重要参考.     

超声弹性成像硬度评分法在乳腺肿瘤良恶性鉴别中的应用价值

目的对超声弹性成像(UE)硬度评分法在乳腺肿瘤良恶性鉴别中的应用价值进行探讨。方法将中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第988医院开封院区2018年3月至2019年3月进行检查的78例乳腺肿瘤患者作为此次研究对象,对其施行UE检查,以手术病理结果为诊断金标准。分析UE硬度评分法在乳腺肿瘤良恶性病变鉴别中的诊断价值。结果经病理学检查诊断,78例患者中共发现良性肿瘤60个,恶性肿瘤36个;其中,UE评分法共检出良性肿瘤56个,其中2个恶性肿瘤误诊为良性,检出恶性肿瘤40个,其中6个良性肿瘤误诊为恶性;UE评分法诊断乳腺肿瘤良恶性病变的特异度、灵敏度、准确率分别为94.44%、90.00%、91.67%。结论 UE硬度评分法在乳腺肿瘤良恶性的鉴别中可取得较高的诊断准确率及敏感度,综合评价病灶的良恶性病变,从而为临床医师提供准确的乳腺肿瘤病变信息。     

超声弹性成像技术鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性应用价值探讨

目的 探讨超声弹性成像技术在鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性中的应用价值.方法 对121例患者130个乳腺肿块进行超声弹性成像检查,对肿块弹性硬度采用5分法进行半定量分析,记录肿块弹性硬度,测量弹性模式下与灰阶模式下面积比值,通过对肿块2种成像模式下面积比值的分析,找出良恶性诊断截点,进一步计算其在诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤方面的灵敏度、特异度、准确率.结果 弹性硬度半定量分析诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的灵敏度为80.0%、特异度为85.5%、准确率为83.8%.2种成像模式下面积比值鉴别乳腺肿块良恶性的截点为1.8,若以面积比≥1.8为恶性、〈1.8为良性作为诊断肿瘤良恶性的标准,则本组2种成像模式下面积比值诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的灵敏度为77.5%、特异度为91.1%、准确率为86.9%.结论 超声弹性成像能客观地评价乳腺肿块的相对弹性硬度,有助于提高超声对乳腺肿块良恶性的定性诊断.     

基于TI-RADS的超声细化计分法 和血清TSH值联合鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性

目的评价基于甲状腺影像报告和数据系统（TI-RADS）的超声细化计分法和血清促甲状腺素（TSH）值联合对甲状腺结节良恶性进行鉴别诊断的意义。方法选取进行甲状腺结节手术的病人,基于TI-RADS分级系统,根据超声图像中结节边界、纵横比、回声、钙化及颈部淋巴结对甲状腺结节进行细化计分,联合病人入院血清TSH值,绘制受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）,计算ROC曲线下面积（AUC）,评价超声细化计分法、血清TSH值和两者联合区分甲状腺良恶性结节的诊断价值。结果ROC分析显示,超声细化计分法区分甲状腺良恶性结节的敏感度88.6%,特异度83.9%,AUC为0.779（95%CI:0.718~0.839）,约登指数最大时,超声细化计计分法最佳临界值为9分,≥ 9分判定结节为恶性, < 9分判定结节为良性;血清TSH值区分甲状腺良恶性结节的敏感度71.1%,特异度50.9%,AUC为0.703（95%CI:0.624~0.782）,约登指数最大时取最佳临界值2.31 mIU/L;超声细化计分法与血清TSH值联合区分甲状腺良恶性结节的敏感度90.1%,准确度84.5%,特异度84.3%。结论基于TI-RADS的超声细化计分法和血清TSH值联合鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性可使诊断符合率进一步提高,降低甲状腺结节的穿刺活检或手术率。     

超声造影与彩色多普勒超声检查诊断卵巢肿瘤对比研究

目的:探讨超声造影与常规彩色多普勒超声检查在卵巢肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析76例经病理学诊断确诊良恶性的卵巢肿瘤患者的常规彩色多普勒超声及超声造影检查资料。分析两种检查方式在鉴别卵巢肿瘤良恶性方面的准确率及影像学特点。结果:76例卵巢肿瘤患者在超声造影检查中良、恶性结果与术后病理学符合率显著高于经常规彩色多普勒超声检查(90.24%与65.85%,88.57%与48.57%)(P<0.05)。常规彩色多普勒超声检查显示,良性卵巢肿瘤血流特点以Ⅰ型为主,恶性以Ⅲ型为主,且良性肿瘤Finkler评分显著低于恶性肿瘤,RI值显著高于恶性肿瘤(P<0.01);超声造影检查显示:良性卵巢肿瘤灌注水平以低增强为主,恶性则以高增强为主,良性卵巢肿瘤灌注低增强例数显著多于恶性肿瘤,高增强例数显著少数恶性肿瘤(P<0.01);恶性卵巢肿瘤造影剂的Imax显著强于良性肿瘤,TTP、mTT显著短于良性肿瘤(P<0.05);而两者RT间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:与常规彩色多普勒超声检查相比,超声造影可更好的显示良恶性卵巢肿瘤组织及血管分布、灌注特点,且后续图像处理结果可进一步提高良恶性鉴别诊断的准确性。     

超声弹性应变率与常规超声对甲状腺结节的鉴别诊断价值

目的：研究超声弹性应变率与常规超声对甲状腺结节的鉴别诊断价值。方法纳入研究共126例择期手术甲状腺结节患者,共有146个结节。行术前常规超声及超声弹性成像扫描。根据常规超声结果及Stacul半定量评分法判断结节良恶性。根据超声弹性成像结果构建ROC曲线,确定诊断最佳临界点。以术后病理结果作为标准,比较超声弹性应变率、常规超声及联合诊断在甲状腺结节鉴别诊断价值。结果超声弹性应变率ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.827,最佳诊断界值为2.53;弹性应变率诊断灵敏度、特异度及诊断准确率分别为78.38%、72.48%及73.97%;常规超声诊断灵敏度、特异度及诊断准确率分别为75.68%、74.31%及74.68%;联合诊断灵敏度、特异度及诊断准确率分别为86.49%、88.07%及87.67%;超声弹性应变率与常规超声在灵敏度及特异度上差异无统计学意义;联合诊断特异度及诊断准确率明显高于超声弹性应变率及常规超声(P<0.05)。结论超声弹性应变率在鉴别诊断甲状腺结节具有中等价值。超声弹性应变率与常规超声联合诊断可提高甲状腺结节特异度及诊断准确率。     

SR法联合二维灰阶超声在腮腺肿块良恶性诊断中的价值

目的 探讨超声弹性成像应变率比值法(SR法)联合二维灰阶超声评估腮腺肿块良恶性的临床价值。方法 选取2020年1月至2021年10月于安徽医科大学第一附属医院就诊并进行手术的单侧腮腺占位患者(共164个病灶),均于术前先行常规超声检查,再行超声弹性成像检查,测量并记录弹性模式下病灶周围正常软组织与病灶区的弹性成像应变率比值,术后送检病理。以病理结果为金标准,评价单独二维灰阶超声、单独SR法及两者联合鉴别诊断腮腺肿块良恶性的诊断效能。结果 164例患者中,良性病变结节118例,恶性病变结节46例。二维灰阶超声检查诊断腮腺良恶性结节的灵敏度为88.13%,特异度为69.56%、准确度为82.90%;弹性成像SR法诊断腮腺恶性结节的灵敏度为84.75%,特异度为73.90%,准确度为81.71%;二维灰阶超声联合SR法诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度(93.22%、80.43%、89.63%)均高于单一成像检查。腮腺肿瘤恶性组应变率比值(SR值)为(2.70±0.68),良性组为(1.42±0.43),SR法在鉴别腮腺良恶性肿瘤中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照病理结果,SR法判断肿块良恶性的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积为0.924。结论 二维灰阶超声联合SR法能提高对腮腺良恶性肿瘤的鉴别能力,有一定的临床应用价值。     

超声弹性成像对良恶性乳腺病变在体检中的诊断应用

目的：探讨超声弹性成像技术在良恶性乳腺病变检查中的价值,为临床应用提供理论指导。方法：对该院选取的100例患者首先进行超声弹性成像检查,并按照5分法进行评分,以1～3分为良性肿瘤,4～5分为恶性肿瘤。然后对患者进行手术病理检查,利用统计学软件对两种方法的检查结果进行对比分析。结果：两方法的结果对比P＞0．05差异不具有统计学意义。超声弹性成像检查的准确率为94％,灵敏度94．2％,特异度93．5％。结论：超声弹性成像技术对良恶性乳腺病变的检查结果准确可靠。     

超声弹性成像对桥本甲状腺炎患者结节良恶性鉴别的诊断价值

目的:检测超声弹性成像在甲状腺结节患者抗体功能正常及合并桥本甲状腺炎两者结节良恶性的鉴别中的应用,探讨弹性成像在两者良恶性结节鉴别中的不同影响力。方法:分别选取92例合并桥本甲状腺炎患者甲状腺结节(共123个);100例甲状腺抗体功能正常患者甲状腺结节(共134个),采用超声弹性成像检查,将其结果与病理结果对比,得出相应的灵敏度、特异度和准确率;并对两者进行比较。结果:合并桥本甲状腺炎患者的123个结节中,超声弹性成像对结节良恶性诊断的灵敏度为39.02%,特异度为85.37%,准确率为69.92%;而甲状腺抗体功能正常患者的134个结节中,超声弹性成像对结节良恶性诊断的灵敏度为83.33%,特异度为96.25%,准确率为91.04%。两者差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:合并桥本甲状腺炎患者由于纤维化程度增高,甲状腺组织硬度增高,结节弹性评分减低,从而导致超声弹性成像诊断价值降低。     

超声在乳腺良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨超声弹性成像(UE)与二维超声在乳腺良恶性病变中的应用价值.方法2013年6月—2015年6月整群选取84例经病理组织确诊为乳腺良恶性病变的患者为研究对象,术前对患者行超声弹性成像及常规超声检查,并将影像学诊断结果与病理手术结果进行对比.结果84例乳腺良恶性病变患者中良性病变38例(68个病灶),恶性肿瘤46例(82个病灶).二维超声诊断乳腺良、恶性病变准确率为76.47%、82.93%,灵敏度分别为70.25%、68.23%,特异度分别为62.45%、72.32%.超声弹性成像诊断良、 恶性肿瘤准确率为91.17%、95.12%,灵敏度分别为93.65%、90.25%,特异度分别为80.25%、88.92%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).与良性病变相比,恶性病变组弹性成像3~5分所占的比例较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论超声弹性成像技术为乳腺病变诊断及鉴别提供了全新的方法,提高了乳腺良恶性病变的诊断准确性及灵敏性.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…