柔红霉素纳米粒的制备

目的 制备外形圆整光滑、分布均匀、不粘连纳米载体.方法 选择聚氰基丙烯酸酯为载体材料,用乳化聚合法制备柔红霉素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒DAM-PBCA-NP,通过单因素试验初选、均匀设计试验、并以柔红霉素纳米粒的载药量、包封率及平均球径等多个指标进行综合评分,优化柔红霉素纳米粒的制备工艺.结果 在优化条件下制备的DAM-PBCA-NP为乳红色胶体溶液,毫微粒外形圆整光滑、分布均匀、不粘连,平均粒径(82±3)nm,包封率为(92.65±1.87)%,载药量为(68.52±1.56)%.结论 通过优选工艺所制得的柔红霉素纳米粒可以满足该实验研究的需要,该优化条件可作为DAM-PBCA-NP的最佳制备工艺.     

盐酸克班宁氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒的制备工艺研究

目的:优选盐酸克班宁毫微粒的制备最佳工艺。方法:以氰基丙烯酸正丁酯为聚合材料,采用乳化聚合法制备盐酸克班宁毫微粒Cre-PBCA-NP;以包封率为评价指标,通过均匀设计法,优化制备工艺。结果:按优化工艺条件,制得载药毫微粒,包封率80%.结论:经过优化筛选出的工艺,为盐酸克班宁聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒的最佳制备工艺。     

眼用左氧氟沙星聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒制备及药剂学特征研究

目的:制备左氧氟沙星聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒(LF-PBCA-NP)。方法:以氰基丙烯酸正丁酯为聚合材料,应用L9(34)正交试验、均匀设计法精选,优化制备工艺。结果:制备PBCA-NP的优化条件为反应液pH2.5,Pluronic F68的含量为1.5%,Dextron70的含量为1%,优化条件下制备LF-PBCA-NP平均粒径为51nm,包封率95.7%,载药量50.3%。结论:经过优化筛选出了LF-PBCA-NP的最佳制备工艺;LF-PBCA-NP有望成为一种新的药物靶向载体系统。     

苦参碱毫微粒的制备及体外释药动力学研究

目的 制备肝靶向性苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒并进行体外形态学及释药动力学研究.方法 采用乳化聚合法制备,以毫微粒包封率为考察指标,均匀设计优化处方与工艺,高效液相色谱法测定含量,透析法考察其体外释药动力学特征.结果 制得的毫微粒均匀圆整,算术平均粒径为(157.4±22.4)nm,包封率为(84.91±1.76)%,载药量为(16.98±0.35)%,体外释药具有双相动力学特征.结论 该制备工艺稳定可行,可用于肝靶向苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒的制备.     

壳聚糖-海藻酸钠布洛芬缓释微球的制备工艺及性能

目的 研究以壳聚糖和海藻酸钠为基质材料,制备布洛芬缓释微球. 方法 以微球的药物包封率为制备工艺优化指标.利用复凝聚法,通过L16(45)正交实验得出微球的最佳制备工艺条件. 结果 壳聚糖浓度4.0 mg/mL,搅拌速度600 r/min,反应温度30℃,体系pH 4.5,交联剂戊二醛用量1.5 mL为最佳工艺.以最佳制备工艺条件制备的布洛芬缓释微球.粒径(31.6±1.7)μm,药物包封率(64.6±2.2)%. 结论 微球球形态及稳定性较好,有良好的缓释效果.     

褪黑素脂质体的制备及理化性质研究

目的 制备褪黑素脂质体并考察其理化性质.方法 采用薄膜分散法制备褪黑素脂质体,在单因素考察基础上.采用均匀试验设计优化最佳处方和工艺;透射电镜下观察外观形态,激光散射测定Zeta电势和粒度分布,低温高速离心法分离脂质体与未包封的药物,UV法测定包封率与载药量,膜动态透析法探讨其体外释药特性.结果 均匀试验设计优化的最佳处方为药脂比1:25,磷脂和胆固醇比10:1,温度40℃,最佳处方制备的脂质体为封闭的多层囊状或多层圆球体,大小均匀,平均粒径为(5.542±0.04)μm,Zeta电势为-31.68mV,包封率为(77.23±2.51)%,栽药量为(3.60±0.29)%.体外释放可延长至72h,释放特性符合双相动力学方程(r_α=0.988 6和r_β=0.9874).结论 采用薄膜分散法制备的褪黑素脂质体,包封率较高,体外释药有明显的缓释效果.     

设计-效应面法优化紫苏叶挥发油-β-环糊精包合物制备工艺

目的:优化紫苏叶挥发油-β-环糊精包合物制备工艺.方法:以饱和水溶液法包合挥发油,以包合率、收得率及总评"归一值"为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken设计考察β-环糊精-紫苏叶挥发油投料比例、包合时间及包合温度对制备工艺的影响,对结果进行多元线性和二项式拟合,效应面法选取最佳工艺条件进行预测分析.结果:复相关系数上看,各项指标二项式拟合方程均优于多元线性回归方程,根据优化制备工艺制得紫苏叶挥发油-β-环糊精包合物的平均包合率为(75.8±0.9)%,收得率为(73.13±1.2)%.结论:优化的紫苏叶挥发油-β-环糊精包合物制备工艺稳定可行,包合率和收得率同时都高,可用于生产.     

环丙沙星聚乳酸微球制备工艺的研究

目的:通过正交设计试验筛选出制备环丙沙星聚乳酸微球的最佳工艺.方法:用正交试验设计优化环丙沙星聚乳酸微球制备工艺,用电子显微镜观察微球表面形态,差示扫描热分析确证含药微球的形成,及对微球的平均粒径、粒度分布、载药量、包封率、工艺重现性进行了研究.结果:环丙沙星聚乳酸微球的形态圆整,且药物确已被包裹在微球中,微球的平均粒径为280.80±0.15μm,粒径在250～390μm左右的占总数的90%以上,载药量为(34.1±0.51)%,包封率为(68.5±0.58)%,最佳工艺条件重现性良好.结论:本研究获得了制备环丙沙星聚乳酸微球的较满意的工艺.     

乳化外凝聚法制备姜油树脂海藻酸钠-壳聚糖微囊的工艺优化研究

目的:优化姜油树脂海藻酸钠-壳聚糖微囊的制备工艺,并对其稳定性进行考察。方法:采用乳化外凝聚法制备微囊,以微囊粒径和包封率为测定指标,用均匀设计表U11(116)优选处方工艺;影响因素实验考察微囊的稳定性。结果:优化后的工艺条件为:海藻酸钠浓度2.0%、海藻酸钠与姜油树脂的质量比3∶1、CaCl2浓度1.0%、壳聚糖浓度1.2%,所得微囊外观形态良好,平均粒径为842μm、跨距为0.14,包封率为(69.82±1.05)%。微囊在高温、高湿和强光实验条件下,载药量与外观形态稳定。结论:在均匀设计所得优化条件下,姜油树脂海藻酸钠-壳聚糖微囊的制备工艺重现性好,微囊化是提高姜油树脂稳定性的有效方法之一。     

β-环糊精修饰PVA-SA复合膜的制备工艺的研究

目的 正交设计法优化β-环糊精修饰聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠(PVA-SA)复合膜的制备工艺.方法 以活化剂环氧氯丙烷的用量、β-环糊精的用量、反应时间为考察因素,以含水率和拉断伸长率为考察指标,利用正交设计法优化β-环糊精修饰PVA-SA复合膜的制备工艺的最佳条件.用红外光谱测定其特征吸收峰,扫描电镜观察其组织形态.结果 最佳的制备β-环糊精修饰PVA-SA复合膜的工艺条件为:反应时间为24 h;β-环糊精的用量为1.0 g;活化剂的用量为1.5 mL.制得的复合膜外观光滑均一、柔韧且富有弹性,呈乳白色,经红外光谱和扫描电镜测定该复合膜呈现网状结构,分布均匀,含水率达到82.3%,拉断伸长率为498.2%.结论 优选出的制备工艺条件可行.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.