丝裂霉素C化学稳定性的研究

在广泛ＰＨ范围内对丝裂霉素Ｃ的化学稳定性进行了研究，测定不同温度下不同ｐＨ时的速率常数，得到不同ｐＨ时的分解活化能及不同温度下的稳定ｐＨ值。活化能数据在ｐＨ５．５及７．８时出现极大值，而不同温度下的两上最稳定（ｐＨ）ｍ恰恰位于两个ｐＨ范围内。     

硫酸链霉素水溶液化学稳定性的研究

硫酸链霉素是氨基糖甙类抗菌素。链霉胍与链霉双糖胺相联结的甙键易水解断裂,使硫酸链霉素水溶液呈不稳定性。关于硫酸链霉素分解的活化能(E)及最稳定pH[(pH)m]过去研究较少,而且数值上的差异较大。硫酸链霉素水解是受酸碱催化的分解反应,在广泛pH范围内对(pH)m、(pH)m与温度的关系以及活化能与pH的关系等进行研究,对了解硫酸链霉素的化学稳定性是十分必要的。我们用经典恒温法对硫酸链霉素水溶液的稳定性进行了研究。考虑到经典恒温法的工作量大,为探索新方法的应用,我们     

硫酸卷曲霉素注射液降解动力学研究

目的 研究硫酸卷曲霉素注射液在不同pH值和不同温度条件下降解反应的动力学参数.方法 用高效液相色谱法测定含量.并运用经典恒温法探讨其稳定性.用阿累尼乌斯公式预测其有效期和活化能.结果 硫酸卷曲霉素注射液的降解反应符合一级动力学,其在pH值6.3左右最稳定,冷藏保存,有效期为1.24年.结论 硫酸卷曲霉素动力学模型可用于硫酸卷曲霉素注射液降解机制和有效期的研究.     

不同条件下姜黄素稳定性的研究

目的 研究温度、溶液pH值、抗氧剂等条件对溶液中姜黄素稳定性的影响.方法 采用差热分析研究温度对姜黄素稳定性的影响.采用HPLC测定姜黄素浓度变化,建立姜黄素降解速率方程,研究溶液pH值、抗氧剂等条件对溶液中姜黄素稳定性的影响.结果 差热分析结果表明:温度对姜黄素的稳定性影响不大,250℃未见姜黄素分解.在溶液中,当pH值≤5时姜黄素稳定,随着溶液的pH值升高,姜黄素的降解速率明显加快;去一甲氧基姜黄素可使姜黄素的稳定性增加. 结论 姜黄中的去一甲氧基姜黄素为姜黄素的天然稳定剂.研制姜黄素制剂时,加入去一甲氧基姜黄素或用姜黄的乙醇提取物,可使姜黄素制剂的稳定性增加;姜黄素应避免与亚硫酸氢钠、亚硫酸钠、硫代硫酸钠等抗氧剂接触,以免姜黄素分解.     

利福平滴眼液的化学稳定性研究

本文利用化学动力学方法,对利福平滴眼液的稳定性在pH 4.0～pH 8.0范围内进行了研究,并对其贮存期进行了预测.实验结果:利福平滴眼液最稳定pH为7.2,室温下K值为5.1701×10-5/h,t1/2为13404.0(h),t0.9为85 d,E值为18.318 kcal/mol.     

微球制剂条件下胸腺肽α1的稳定性评价

目的:研究微球制剂工艺条件下胸腺肽α1的稳定性.方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),研究胸腺肽α1在不同温度(-20℃、6～8℃、60℃)、不同超声时间(10～60 s)及不同 pH值(4.0、7.0、10.0)条件下的稳定性.结果:胸腺肽α1在-20℃冷冻保存7 d时仍很稳定,冷藏(6～8℃)时30 d内可保持稳定,60℃水浴中12 h内不降解;400 W超声60 s内不受影响; 37℃时置于pH 4.0的磷酸盐中12 h内比较稳定.结论:胸腺肽α1在本制备工艺条件下具有良好的稳定性.     

可溶性固定化木瓜蛋白酶的制备及其性质研究

目的 制备一种可溶性固定化木瓜蛋白酶并对其部分酶学性质进行研究.方法 将木瓜蛋白酶偶联在亲水性高分子聚合物羧甲基纤维素醋酸琥珀酸酯(AS-L)上制备得到水溶性固定化木瓜蛋白酶.在相同的条件下测定游离的木瓜蛋白酶和水溶性固定化木瓜蛋白酶的活力,得到两种状态的酶的最适作用pH值和最适作用温度,再于它们各自的最适条件下测定活力,得到各自的Km值;在相同的条件下测定两种状态的酶的热稳定性、酸碱稳定性、低温稳定性和回收稳定性.结果 游离木瓜蛋白酶和可溶性固定化木瓜蛋白酶的最适作用pH值分别为6.0和5.0,最适作用温度分别为60℃和70℃,Km值分别为2.53、3.07mg·ml-1;可溶性固定化木瓜蛋白酶在60℃条件下,保温12h,仍有62%的活性;在4℃条件下,30d后活性保留达90%以上;在pH6.0时稳定性最好,在pH4.0-7.0范围内也比较稳定(相对活性＞80%).结论 可溶性固定化木瓜蛋白酶能够在pH5.5以上的溶液中完全溶解,最适作用pH值范围变窄,最适作用温度和Km值升高;热稳定性和酸碱稳定性均明显增强.     

高效液相色谱法考察头孢噻肟钠皮试液稳定性

[目的]考察头孢噻肟钠皮试液的稳定性.[方法]采用经典恒温实验法,考察不同时间及不同温度4℃,25℃,35℃头孢噻肟钠的pH值,并用高效液相色谱仪测定头孢噻肟钠的含量.[结果]头孢噻肟钠皮试液4℃时有效期(t0.9)为14 h,pH为4.88,25℃其有效期为(t0.9)4 h,pH值为4.72,其pH值在4 h内保持在稳定范围内.[结论]本品热稳定性较差,4℃恒温保存不宜超过14 h,室温避光不宜超过4 h.     

几种喹诺酮类药物在木糖醇注射液中的稳定性试验

目的考察在不同温度（25℃、37℃）下注射用氟罗沙星、盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液、加替沙星注射液与木糖醇的配伍稳定性。方法以临床常用药物浓度，分别将3种药物加入到木糖醇注射液中，分别在不同温度下放置。0-8h内观察外观、测定混合液的pH值、紫外分光光度法测定混合液的药物含量。结果在25℃和37℃条件下放置8h内，3种配伍液的外观、pH值、药物含量均无明显变化。结论3种药物与木糖醇注射液配伍，在8h内配伍液性质稳定。     

不同理化因素对重组人成纤维细胞生长因子21蛋白纯度的影响

目的:研究重组人成纤维细胞生长因子21(rhFGF21)在不同保存条件下的稳定性,阐明温度、pH值、缓冲溶液和反复冻融因素对rhFGF21稳定性的影响,进一步完善纯化rhFGF21的工艺。方法:rhFGF21在不同温度(-20℃、4℃和25℃)、不同pH值缓冲液(醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲液pH 4.0和pH 5.0、柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液pH 5.0和pH 6.0、磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钠缓冲液pH 6.0、pH 6.5和pH 7.0,Tris-HCl缓冲液pH 7.5和pH 8.0)中及反复冻融条件下分别保存,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测rhFGF21纯度,同时观察外观性状。结果:于-20℃和4℃分别保存时,rhFGF21的各项性质在观察期内均无明显变化;25℃时,rhFGF21存放14 d纯度由0 d时(100.00±0.00)% 下降至(15.20±0.14)% (P<0.01);在pH4.0和pH 5.0缓冲液中25℃条件下保存7 d,溶液出现浑浊;在pH 5.0和pH 6.0缓冲液中25℃条件下保存7 d,溶液出现浑浊;在pH 6.5和pH 8.0 磷酸盐和Tris-HCl缓冲液中,溶液澄清透明;rhFGF21原液反复冻融后其纯度变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:rhFGF21在低温和pH 6.5~8.0磷酸盐和Tris-HCl缓冲液中溶液较稳定,反复冻融处理对rhFGF21稳定性也有明显影响。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.