Characteristics of bone tunnel changes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System artificial ligament

Background  There are different materials used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. It has been reported that both autologous grafts and allografts used in ACL reconstruction can cause bone tunnel enlargement. This study aimed to observe the characteristics of bone tunnel changes and possible causative factors following ACL reconstruction using Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System (LARS) artificial ligament.

Methods  Forty-three patients underwent ACL reconstruction using LARS artificial ligament and were followed up for 3 years. X-ray and CT examinations were performed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after surgery, to measure the width of tibial and femoral tunnels. Knee function was evaluated according to the Lysholm scoring system. The anterior and posterior stability of the knee was measured using the KT-1000 arthrometer.

Results  According to the Peyrache grading method, grade 1 femoral bone tunnel enlargement was observed in three cases six months after surgery. No grade 2 or grade 3 bone tunnel enlargement was found. The bone tunnel enlargement in the three cases was close to the articular surface with an average tunnel enlargement of (2.5±0.3) mm. Forty cases were evaluated as grade 0. The average tibial and femoral tunnel enlargements at the last follow-up were (0.8±0.3) and (1.1±0.3) mm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in bone tunnel width changes at different time points (P >0.05). X-ray and CT measurements were consistent.

Conclusions  There was no marked bone tunnel enlargement immediately following ACL reconstruction using LARS artificial ligament. Such enlargement may, however, result from varying grafting factors involving the LARS artificial ligament or from different fixation methods.

     

KT2000定量分析单纯膝关节内侧副韧带损伤后关节稳定性变化

目的:评估内侧副韧带损伤后对膝关节前后稳定性的影响并介绍一种新的膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的诊断和疗效评价方法.方法:2003年1月～2008年1月,对收治的42例单纯膝关节内侧副韧带损伤患者,使用KT2000 Knee LdgamentArthrometer分别测量健患侧膝关节.得出其在15磅、20磅、30磅应力时胫骨股骨之间的移动距离,运用配对t-检验进行分析.结果:患侧与健侧在15磅、20磅时胫骨前移存在差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在30磅时胫骨的前移,15磅、20磅、30磅时胫骨后移均有非常显著差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:膝关节内侧副韧带损伤后膝关节前后稳定性有所降低,且KT2000作为一种新的辅助手段用于膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的诊断和疗效评价,方法简单.结果可靠.     

KT2000测量膝关节后交叉韧带损伤后关节稳定性变化及测量值分析(附32例报告)

目的:测量后交叉韧带损伤对膝关节后稳定性的影响并据此提出汉族人群膝关节后交叉韧带损伤后采用KT2000诊断的参考标准?方法:2003年1月~2008年6月,收治的91例膝关节后交叉韧带损伤患者中,使用KT2000 Knee Ligament Arthrometer分别测量健患侧膝关节,对符合入选条件者32例,得出其在15?20?30磅应力时胫骨股骨之间的前后移动距离,运用配对t检验进行分析,并通过关节镜手术中视野观察来确诊以统计其诊断准确率?结果:患侧与健侧在15?20磅时胫骨前移,20磅时胫骨后移均存在差异,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);30磅时胫骨前后移存在显著差异,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)?且30磅应力胫骨后移时,95%患者健患侧差异值>1.40 mm?结论:膝关节后交叉韧带损伤后膝关节后稳定性降低,且KT2000作为一种新的辅助手段用于膝关节后交叉韧带损伤的诊断和疗效评价,提出诊断参考值为30磅应力时胫骨后移差异(>1.40)mm?     

Cell Attachment of Periodontal Ligament Cells on Commercially Pure Titanium at the Early Stage

Periodontalligamentcellsarethepredominantcelltypein periodontiumthatplayacentralroleinnormalturnover ,regenerationandrepairfollowinginjurytoperiodontium .ItisstillnotclearthatwhatfunctionPDLCsplayinthedentalimplantandboneinterface .Inthepastliterature ,it…     

Nicotine Weakens the Osteogenic Differentiation and Immune Regulation Capabilities of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

<正>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease resulting in the loss of periodontal tissues and ultimately teeth, thus posing a substantial public- health burden worldwide[ 1 ]. With the widespread increase in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy and the discovery of MSCs in periodontal ligaments[ 2 ], periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have been used to reconstruct periodontal tissue and repair bone defects[2,3]. Furthermore,     

Reconstruction of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Using Hamstring Tendon Graft With Different Methods： a Biomechanical Study

Objective To measure the tensile strength of the normal medial patellofemoral ligament （MPFL）, and evaluate the biomechanics of different fixation methods of the hamstring tendon graft on the patella. Methods Eight fresh cadaver knees were prepared by isolating the patella, leaving only the MPFL as its attachment to the medial condyle of femur, The MPFL was reconstructed by three different methods： four-suture fixation, anchors-single suture fixation, and anchors-double suture fixation. The tensile strength and the elongation of the normal MPFL and the tendon grafts were measured. Results The tensile strength of the four-suture fixation group （234.86±49.02 N） was stronger than that of the normal MPFL （146.91 ±25.30 N, P=0.0014） and the anchors-single suture group （159.17±49.07 N, P=0.0077）, while weaker than that of the anchors-double suture group （314.74±78.46 N, P=0.0052） Conclusions With regard to the tensile strength, the four-suture fixation method is reliable for clinical use. Compared with the anchor-suture method, the four-suture fixation method which has no specific implants is more economical, convenient and efficient.     

The Ultrastructural Characteristics of the Stria Vascularis, Spiral Prominence and Spiral Ligament in Guinea Pigs

The mean length of the stria vascularis (SV) and the basilar membrane of four normalguinea pigs measured by means of surface preparation was 21.11 mm and 19. 90 mm respectively,and the mean width of their apical turns of SV and the turns of the cochlear basis was 0. 44 mmand 0. 86 mm respectively. The ultrastructure of SV, spiral ligament (SL) and spiral prominence(SP) of both ears of eight guinea pigs were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) andtransmission electron microsoopy(TEM). There were a large number of coated vesicles in thesupranuclear region of SV, some opened to the endolymph. A great number of folding cytoplasmicprojections were filled with small vesicles The capillary network was extremely rich indicating thatthe endolymph could be secreted and absorbed by SV. The cellular conjunction in the SV. SL andSP formed an effective barrier. It has not been proved in this study that the melanin offers resistanceto acoustic stimulation.     

Construction of ER-β siRNA Expression Vector and Its Expression in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast Cells

Objective To construct vectors expressing siRNA against human ER-β gene and study the inhibition effect of ER-β-siRNA on expression of ER-β in human periodontal ligament （HPDL） cells. Methods ER-β-specific siRNA gene was synthesized and cloned into pSilencer3.1-Hl-neo vector. The plasmid was identified by DNA sequencing. The constructed ER-β-siRNA was transfected into HPDL cells. The expression of ER-β in the levels of mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Results It was confirmed by sequencing that the plasmid had been constructed successfully. The result of RT-PCR showed that Sequence-specific siRNAs targeting ER-β significantly down regulated the expression of ER-β gene in HPDL cells. Conclusion The ER-β siRNA plasmid was constructed successfully. ER-β gene expression of HPDL cells was inhibited by RNAi.     

关节镜下治疗前交叉韧带止点胫骨髁间棘骨折

目的 探讨关节镜下治疗前交叉韧带止点胫骨髁间棘撕脱性骨折的方法及疗效.方法 膝关节镜下,寻找并确定骨折块的部位,用前交叉韧带定位器在胫骨结节的内侧向前交叉韧带起点左右各钻一个骨道,复位骨折块后用钢丝内固定.结果 术后随访3月～2年,平均1年2个月,X线复查显示骨折复位及愈合良好,前抽屉试验及Lachman试验阴性,无前向不稳,关节功能恢复满意.结论 关节镜下胫骨髁间棘骨折钢丝内固定手术创伤小,固定可靠,术后关节功能恢复好.     

磁性附着体静磁场对人牙周膜细胞骨架影响的研究

目的 研究牙科磁性附着体静磁场对人牙周膜细胞骨架的影响.方法 采用细胞静磁场加载装置,模拟磁性附着体静磁场,对体外培养的人牙周膜细胞加载10 mT、120 mT静磁场12～60 h,采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察细胞骨架形态,图像分析软件测定分析细胞面积、长宽比以及微丝蛋白(F-actin)含量.结果 加载10 mT、120 mT静磁场12～60 h后,随加载强度和加载时间增加,细胞微丝骨架变短,排列紊乱,细胞长宽比减小(P＜0.05),加载静磁场60 h后细胞面积减小(P＜0.05),加载12 h后F-actin含量较对照组下降(P＜0.05),而加载36、60 h后与对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 磁性附着体静磁场在本实验条件下能使人牙周膜细胞细胞骨架发生一定程度的改变.     

Bloodletting Puncture at Hand Twelve Jing-Well Points Relieves Brain Edema after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats via Inhibiting MAPK Signaling Pathway

Objective:To investigate whether blood-brain barrier(BBB)served a key role in the edema-relief effect of bloodletting puncture at hand twelve Jing-well points(HTWP)in traumatic brain injury(TBI)and the potential molecular signaling pathways.Methods:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to the shamoperated(sham),TBI,and bloodletting puncture(bloodletting)groups(n=24 per group)using a randomized number table.The TBI model rats were induced by cortical contusion and then bloodletting puncture were performed at HTWP twice a day for 2 days.The neurological function and cerebral edema were evaluated by modified neurological severity score(mNSS),cerebral water content,magnetic resonance imaging and hematoxylin and eosin staining.Cerebral blood flow was measured by laser speckles.The protein levels of aquaporin 4(AQP4),matrix metalloproteinases 9(MMP9)and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway(MAPK)signaling were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot.Results:Compared with TBI group,bloodletting puncture improved neurological function at 24 and 48 h,alleviated cerebral edema at 48 h,and reduced the permeability of BBB induced by TBI(all P<0.05).The AQP4 and MMP9 which would disrupt the integrity of BBB were downregulated by bloodletting puncture(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In addition,the extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)and p38 signaling pathways were inhibited by bloodletting puncture(P<0.05).Conclusions:Bloodletting puncture at HTWP might play a significant role in protecting BBB through regulating the expressions of MMP9 and AQP4 as well as corresponding regulatory upstream ERK and p38 signaling pathways.Therefore,bloodletting puncture at HTWP may be a promising therapeutic strategy for TBI-induced cerebral edema.     

如何学好药理学

药理学是研究药物与机体相互作用、作用机制及规律的科学,是连接基础医学与临床医学、医学与药学的一门重要课程.许多学生在初次学习药理学时,认为药理学不好学,内容复杂、抽象,药物种类较多,抓不住重点,难以记忆,不知道怎样学习药理学,现就这些问题谈谈学习药理学的方法.     

昆虫抗冻蛋白及其在医学领域中的应用

抗冻蛋白(antifreeze protein,AFP)是一类结构多样的蛋白质,具有热滞效应(thermal hysteresis,TH,降低冰点而不改变熔点)和重结晶抑制效应(recrystalization inhabition,RI).通过非共价吸附抑制机制吸附到冰核表面,限制冰晶生长和抑制冰晶重结晶,从而保护有机体免受结冰引起的伤害.由于抗冻蛋白具有阻止冰晶生长而不破坏细胞的特点,因而利用抗冻蛋白在低温中长期保存各种细胞、组织和器官,特别在器官移植中可能具有很好的应用前景.     

Sternal Reconstruction of Deep Sternal Wound Infections Following Median Sternotomy by Single-stage Muscle Flaps Transposition

Objective To assess clinical effectiveness of using bilateral pectoralis major or plus rectus abdominis muscle flaps in treating deep sternal wound infection （DSWI） following median sternotomy. Methods Between January 2009 and December 2013, 19 patients with DSWI after median sternotomy for cardiac surgery were admitted to our hospital, including 14 males （73.7%） and 5 females （26.3%）, aged 55±13 （18-78） years. According to the Pairolero classification of infected median sternotomies, 3 （15.8%） patients were type II, and the other 16 （84.2%） were type III. Surgical procedure consisted of adequate debridement of infected sternum, costal cartilage, granulation, steel wires, suture residues and other foreign substances. Sternal reconstruction used the bilateral pectoralis major or plus rectus abdominis muscle flaps to obliterate dead space. The drainage tubes were placed and connected to a negative pressure generator for adequate drainage. Results There were no intraoperative deaths. In 15 patients （78.9%）, bilateral pectoral muscle flaps were mobilized sufficiently to cover and stabilize the defect created by wound debridement. 4 patients （21.0%） needed bilateral pectoral muscle flaps plus rectus abdominis muscle flaps because their pectoralis major muscle flaps could not reach the lowest portion of the wound. 2 patients （10.5%） presented with subcutaneous infection, and 3 patients （15.8%） had hematoma. They recovered following local debridement and medication. 17 patients （89.5%） were examined at follow-up 12 months later, all healed and having stable sternum. No patients showed infection recurrence during the follow-up period over 12 months. Conclusion DSWI following median sternotomy may be effectively managed with adequate debridement of infected tissues and reconstruction with bilateral pectoralis major muscle or plus rectus abdominis muscle flap transposition.     

对症喝汤好处多

夏季多喝汤不仅能调节口味,补充体液,增强食欲,而且能防病抗病,对健康有益. 日常人们常喝的汤有荤、素两大类.荤汤有鸡汤、肉汤、骨头汤、鱼汤、蛋花汤等,素汤有海带汤、豆腐汤、紫菜汤、番茄汤、冬瓜汤和米汤等.无论是荤汤还是素汤,都应根据各人的喜好与口味来选料烹制,加之"对症喝汤",就可达到抗衰治病、清热解毒的"汤疗"效果.     

植皮区域局限性皮肤松弛症1例

病人,女,81岁.40年前在工作时双上肢不慎被火烧伤,当年在大连化工厂医院烧伤科给予取自体腹部皮肤行前臂植皮术,术后植皮区域皮肤成活修复良好.4年前无明显诱因双侧前臂植皮区域肤色逐渐变深,无意中发现皮肤明显松弛,无不适感.近3个月自觉植皮区域疼痛不适,局部无红肿等,轻微牵拉皮肤时疼痛明显.自发病起4年皮损未见扩大.患者既往体健,否认家族有类似病患者.     

POCT的信息管理

POCT是在医疗条件下,由非实验室的卫生保健人员,在实验室的质控指导下,于病人身边进行的检验。它广泛适用于医院(如外科,儿科)、监护病房、急救单位、保险公司、社区医疗、家庭保健网络等领域。当今,POCT在全球方兴未艾,据调查,现今已有10%的诊断实验是在POCT仪器上完成的,究其原因,无非是POCT兼具医学上的有效性及经济两个方面的优势。当然,随着POCT设备的投放不断增加,使用范围不断拓展,POCT的管理问题也日益凸现,本文将对POCT实施中的信息管理的若干问题进行初步探讨。