TiO2/SO4^2-固体超强酸一步法催化合成乙酸松油酯的研究

以TiO2/SO42-固体超强酸为催化剂,研究了由松节油与乙酸一步合成乙酸松油酯的工艺条件。考察固体酸超强酸催化剂在反应过程中催化剂用量、反应时间、酸醇比和反应温度对合成乙酸松油酯的影响。结果表明,在反应催化剂用量为15%,时间为6h,酸醇比为1:1.15,温度为95℃时的反应条件较好。     

稀土复合固体超强酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-CeO2催化合成冰片

目的：研究一种合成冰片的新方法。方法：在纳米稀土复合固体超强酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-CeO2催化下,通过α-蒎烯与无水草酸酯化-皂化法合成冰片。结果：酯化反应能顺利进行生成草酸冰片酯,草酸冰片酯并口NaOH发生皂化反应后得到冰片。当酯化反应的温度为80℃,反应时间为6h,催化剂的用量为α-蒎烯质量的6％时,冰片的产率为68．7％,产品中正、异冰片含量比约为5：1。结论：该合成方法具有反应条件温和,污染小,产率高,产品质量好等优点。     

磁性固体超强酸催化剂SZ的制备及表征

用水解法制备了固体超强酸SO42-/ZrO2(简写为SZ)和磁性基质Fe3O4负载的固体超强酸SO42-/ZrO2(简写为FSZ).对SZ和FSZ进行了IR,XRD和NH3-TPD表征,IR谱图出现了固体超强酸的特征峰,XRD结果显示催化剂的晶型是以具有催化活性的四方晶相为主,NH3-TPD谱图中出现了代表弱酸位的低温峰和强酸位高温峰,总酸量也很大.     

固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2催化合成苯佐卡因

目的:探讨一种合成苯佐卡因的新方法。方法:以固体超强酸SO42-/ZrO2为催化剂,催化对氨基苯甲酸和乙醇发生酯化反应,合成苯佐卡因。结果:在固体超强酸SO42-/ZrO2催化作用下,对氨基苯甲酸和乙醇发生酯化反应生成苯佐卡因。当酯化反应反应时间为40min,催化剂质量为对氨基苯甲酸质量的6%时,酸质量和醇体积比值为2∶25时,苯佐卡因产率达91.2%。而且催化剂重复使用效果好。结论:该合成方法比传统方法具有产率高,反应平稳快速,催化剂容易分离,环境污染少等优点。     

乙烯直接氧化制乙酸Pd-Au-H3PO4/SiO2催化剂的研究

研究了乙烯直接氧化制乙酸Pd-Au-H3PO4/SiO2催化剂的催化性能,考察了催化剂组成、焙烧温度、引入金属组分Au、Mo对催化剂的影响.结果表明Au、Mo的引入有利于提高催化剂的选择性,H3PO4对催化剂的选择性影响较大,其中B酸浓度是影响其催化性能的重要因素,而焙烧温度影响到催化剂的孔结构.在Pd-Au-H3PO4-Mo/SiO2催化剂上反应生成乙酸的选择性可达81.7%,乙酸的时空收率为142.8g/(h·L).     

GC-MS法测定不同来源薰衣草挥发油中芳樟醇和乙酸芳樟酯的含量

目的建立薰衣草中芳樟醇和乙酸芳樟酯含量的测定方法,测定不同来源薰衣草中芳樟醇和乙酸芳樟酯的含量。方法采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS法),使用HP-5毛细管柱(30m×250μm×0.25μm),柱温80℃,保持5min,以4℃/min的速率升温至160℃;进样口温度250℃;分流比50∶1。结果芳樟醇和乙酸芳樟酯分别在0.196～3.920mg/mL(r=0.999 7)和0.095～2.861mg/mL(r=0.999 9)范围内峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为96.16%和110.02%,RSD分别为2.57%和2.07%(n=6)。结论 GC-MS法操作简便,准确,重现性好,可作为薰衣草的质量评价。     

Zr(SO4)2/ZSM-38固体酸催化剂的制备及其催化性能

以分子筛ZSM-38为载体,采用浸渍法制备了负载锆基催化剂,将其应用于催化乙酸乙酯的合成.FT-IR、XRD表征及实验结果表明,负载Zr(SO4)2后的催化剂与载体ZSM-38相比具有更多的L酸中心,硫酸锆以非晶态形式高度分散在分子筛表面,表现出了较高的催化性能.当Zr(SO4)2负载量为30％(质量分数),焙烧温度为200℃,乙醇与乙酸的物质的量的比为3∶1,催化剂用量为乙酸质量的4.8％,反应时间2h条件下,乙酸转化率可达89.6％,乙酸乙酯的选择性接近100％.     

新型介孔固体超强酸催化制备生物柴油的研究

目的 介孔固体超强酸催化剂SO42-/ZrO2/MCM-41催化制备生物柴油.方法 酯交换反应.结果 得出最优制备方案:醇/油摩尔比6:1,反应温度65℃,催化剂用量3%,反应时间8 h,产率为95.37%.结论 以菜籽油油脚为原料制备的生物柴油,其性能与0#柴油相近.     

固体超强酸S2O82-/ZrO2-SiO2催化合成邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯

目的合成增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯。方法以固体超强酸S2O8^2-／ZrO2-SiO2为催化剂，邻苯二甲酸酐和正丁醇为原料，考察了影响收率的因素，采用正交实验法讨论了最佳合成工艺条件：n(邻苯二甲酸酐)：n(正丁醇)=1：2．5，反应时间2h，固体超强酸催化剂S2O8^2-／ZrO2-SiO2的用量为反应物总质量的2．5％的条件下合成邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯。结果邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯产率可达95％。结论固体超强酸作为催化剂，有性质稳定、价廉易得、易回收处理、能重复使用多次且对设备无腐蚀的优点。     

SO2对NO催化氧化过程的影响Ⅰ. 载体的作用

研究了载体在SO2影响NO催化氧化过程中的作用，考察了反应温度为423K时，γ-Al2O3、ZrO2、TiO2和SiO24种载体及其负载的Pt催化剂对NO的氧化性能，与SO2存在下的NO反应活性相比，只有γ－Al2O3及其负载的Pt催化剂上存在SO2促进NO氧化的现象。运用BET、XRD、IR及固体酸度测定等多种表征手段，对不同载体在反应前后的化学结构和表面性质进行了分析，并与反应过程相联系，证实SO2的吸附改变了γ－Al2O3的表面结构，有利于产物NO2的脱附；而对SO2吸附能力较弱的其他载体或催化剂，SO2的影响则不同。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.