老年急性肺损伤患者列线图预后模型的构建

目的：探讨影响老年急性肺损伤（ALI）患者预后的独立危险因素,建立预测其死亡风险的列线图模型。方法：分别收集MIMIC-III数据库325例与温州医科大学附属第一医院138例ALI患者临床资料,采用单因素、多因素logistic回归分析筛选出预测死亡的危险因素,并构建预测短期可能死亡的列线图模型。结果：多因素logistic回归分析发现入院首日最低收缩压降低、血乳酸和凝血酶原时间（PT）升高等均为老年ALI患者死亡危险因素（均P＜0.05）;通过上述变量构建列线图模型,内部验证列线图ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.712（95%CI=0.656～0.767）,外部验证列线图AUC为0.753（95%CI=0.671～0.836）,内部与外部校准曲线均接近标准曲线。结论：本列线图模型可用于老年ALI患者预后评估,且具有良好的校准度与区分度。     

基于DCE-MRI影像组学和常规MRI特征的列线图预测乳腺癌淋巴血管侵犯

目的：研究基于动脉对比增强磁共振成像（DCE-MRI）影像组学和常规MRI特征的列线图用于术前预测浸润性乳腺癌（IBC）患者的淋巴血管侵犯（LVI）状态。方法：回顾性分析2016 年7月至2021年5月间,经术后病理证实的300例IBC患者,并按照8:2比例随机分为训练组（n =238）和验证组（n =62）。对所有患者第二期DCE-MRI图像中的病灶区进行手动分割,并提取影像组学特征。采用方差阈值、select k best、LASSO回归进行影像组学特征筛选并计算影像组学评分（rad-score)。使用Logistic回归分析筛选常规MRI特征建立常规特征模型,并结合影像组学和常规MRI特征中的独立危险因素构建联合预测模型,并绘制列线图。使用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线和校准曲线评估模型的效能,使用决策曲线分析评估模型的临床价值。结果：共提取到1 409个影像组学特征,经筛选得到15个影像组学特征与乳腺癌LVI状态相关,参与计算rad-score值。所有常规MRI特征中,最大直径（OR =1.743,P ＜0.001）和毛刺征（OR =6.304,P ＜0.001）是预测LVI阳性的独立危险因素。在训练组及验证组中,影像组学模型的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.831和0.811;常规特征模型的AUC分别为0.779和0.770;联合预测模型的AUC分别可提高到0.889（95%CI =0.844～0.934）和0.856（95%CI =0.759～0.952）。校准曲线表明列线图预测值和实际值吻合较好,决策曲线显示列线图有较高的临床应用价值。结论：基于DCE-MRI影像组学和常规MRI特征构建的列线图用于术前预测IBC患者LVI状态具有良好的应用价值,可为临床治疗提供参考。     

个体化预测前列腺癌患者癌因性疲乏列线图风险模型

目的 探讨前列腺癌患者癌因性疲乏（cancer-related fatigue,CRF）发生的危险因素,建立CRF风险预测模型。方法 收集2018年7月至2021年12月厦门市海沧医院诊治的329例前列腺癌患者,应用单因素和Logistic多因素回归分析筛选CRF高危因素,采用R软件绘制列线图模型并验证其效能。结果 前列腺癌患者的CRF发生率38.9%：多因素分析结果表明,年龄、抑郁、雄激素剥夺疗法、放疗、化疗是CRF发生的独立危险因素。CRF列线图模型受试者工作特征曲线下面积0.750（95%CI：0.694～0.806）,校正曲线表明预测曲线和实际曲线基本一致,Hosmer-Lemeshow检验结果为χ2=8.959,P=0.256。决策曲线分析显示该模型具有较高的净收益。结论 本研究构建的列线图具有良好的预测效能,能够有效判断前列腺癌CRF的高危人群并及早制定预防措施。     

VA-ECMO患者院内死亡风险预测模型的构建及验证：一项多中心、回顾性、病例对照研究

目的 分析静脉-动脉体外膜肺氧合技术（VA-ECMO）患者死亡危险因素,构建并验证VA-ECMO患者院内死亡风险预测模型。方法 采用便利抽样,选取2015年1月～2022年1月广东省3家三甲综合医院ICU的302例VA-ECMO患者作为研究对象,随机分为建模组201例,验证组101例。运用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析VA-ECMO患者死亡危险因素,构建VAECMO患者死亡风险预测模型并以列线图形式呈现。使用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC曲线）、校准曲线和临床决策曲线评价模型区分度、一致性及临床有效性。结果 预测VA-ECMO患者院内死亡风险的最终模型包括了高血压（OR=3.694,95%CI 1.582-8.621）、连续性肾脏替代治疗（OR=9.661,95%CI 4.103-22.745）、钠离子（OR=1.048,95%CI 1.003-1.095）、血红蛋白（OR=0.987,95%CI 0.977-0.998）。建模组预测模型的受试者工作特征曲线下面积AUC=0.829(95%CI 0.770-0.889),高于4个单独危险因素（AUC<0.800）、APACHE...     

神经重症患者术后颅内感染列线图模型的构建

目的：建立预测神经重症患者术后颅内感染风险的列线图模型。方法：回顾性分析2018年1月—2021年1月南京医科大学第一附属医院神经外科监护病房行开颅手术的200例患者的临床资料。按照7∶3的比例随机分为训练集（n=140）和验证集（n=60）。采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归筛选神经重症患者术后发生颅内感染的危险因素并构建列线图预测模型。通过绘制受试者工作特征（receiver operating characteristic，ROC）曲线及决策曲线分析（decision curve analysis，DCA）评价模型的效能及临床净获益。结果：神经重症患者的原发病、脑室外引流时间、腰大池引流时间是术后发生颅内感染的危险因素 （P ＜ 0.05）。绘制列线图模型的ROC曲线显示，训练集和验证集的曲线下面积（area under curve，AUC）分别为0.774（95%CI： 0.695~0.853）、0.831（95%CI：0.725~0.936），DCA曲线显示颅内感染发生的预测可提高临床获益率。结论：基于神经重症术后颅内感染的危险因素构建了列线图预测模型，有助于早期筛查神经重症术后颅内感染高危患者，利于早期诊治，改善患者预后。     

基于SEER数据库建立和验证甲胎蛋白阴性肝细胞癌患者癌症特异生存期的列线图

目的：探讨甲胎蛋白（AFP）阴性肝细胞癌（HCC）患者预后相关因素,构建列线图以预测患者生存时间。方法：回顾性分析监测、流行病学和最终结果 （SEER）数据库提取的2 064例AFP阴性HCC患者数据,将所有患者按7∶3比例随机分为训练集和内部验证集,以湖南省中西医结合医院101例AFP阴性HCC患者作为外部验证集。将单因素Cox回归分析结果纳入多因素分析,采用多因素Cox分析获得AFP阴性HCC患者的独立危险因素,构建AFP阴性HCC患者癌症特异生存（CSS）预后列线图。采用时间依赖受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）、校准图和决策曲线分析（DCA）评估列线图的预测效能和临床实用性。将列线图所得总分进行风险分层,比较列线图和美国癌症联合委员会（AJCC）分期系统的风险区分程度。结果：采用多因素Cox回归分析筛选出10个独立危险因素,构建AFP阴性HCC患者3、4和5年CSS预后列线图,包括患者年龄、病理分级、手术情况、放疗情况、化疗情况、肺转移情况、肿瘤大小、肿瘤T分期、肿瘤M分期和婚姻状况。3、4和5年时间依赖ROC曲线下面积（AUC）,训练集分别为0.807 (95%CI:0.786～0...     

食管癌术后颈部吻合口瘘危险因素分析及预测模型的建立

目的：探讨影响食管癌患者术后颈部吻合口瘘的危险因素,构建并验证吻合口瘘发生风险的列线图模型。方法：回顾性分析2019年1月—2022年5月南京医科大学附属肿瘤医院行食管癌颈部吻合术的362例患者的临床资料,对术后发生颈部吻合口瘘相关危险因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,基于独立危险因素构建列线图模型预测颈部吻合口瘘发生风险,通过受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC）及曲线下面积（area under curve,AUC）、Calibration校正曲线验证模型的预测效能。结果：362例食管癌患者术后颈部吻合口瘘发生率11.88%(43/362)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,糖尿病、慢性支气管炎、胸腹部手术史、新辅助治疗、术后肺部感染是食管癌术后颈部吻合口瘘的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。通过整合这5个因素构建预测颈部吻合口瘘风险的列线图模型,该预测模型的AUC为0.844(95%CI 0.771～0.918),Calibration校正曲线显示预测曲线与理想曲线走势基本一致。结论：糖尿病、...     

基于急诊CT平扫影像组学在预测腹主动脉综合征中的价值

目的：探讨基于急诊CT平扫影像组学在腹主动脉综合征（AS）中的诊断价值。方法：收集2012年8 月至2020 年10 月于温州医科大学附属第二医院行腹部CT平扫和增强的急诊患者145 例。根据是否患有腹部AS,将所有患者按分层抽样法以7:3分为训练集和验证集。逐层手动勾画CT平扫图像上的腹主动脉并从中提取影像组学特征。经特征筛选后构建影像组学标签,并以此计算每位患者的影像组学评分（Radscore）。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析寻找预测腹部AS的临床危险因素。最后使用多因素Logistic回归构建基于临床危险因素和Rad-score的联合模型,绘制列线图。使用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线评估模型的诊断性能。结果：单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析显示,腹痛（OR =0.48,95%CI =0.19～1.22,P =0.12）、钙化斑内移（OR =8.76,95%CI =3.27～23.45,P ＜0.001）是腹部AS的危险因素,其构建的临床模型在验证集的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.79。8个影像组学特征被选择用于构建影像组学标签,其在验证集的AUC为0.88。将该标签与临床模型结合获得联合模型,其在验证集的AUC为0.89。临床决策曲线显示,联合模型的临床实用性最优。结论：基于腹部CT平扫影像组学和临床危险因素构建的列线图能较好地预测急诊患者是否患有腹部AS。     

2型糖尿病周围神经病变风险的列线图预测模型研究

背景2型糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）患病率高、危害性大,目前尚无有效的治疗方法。目的探讨DPN的危险因素,旨在建立并验证一种辅助临床预测DPN患者的可视化评价工具。方法收集2010—2019年在新疆医科大学第一附属医院就诊的15 020例2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者,按照3∶1的比例将患者随机分为训练组（n =11 265）和验证组（n=3 755）。收集患者的一般资料和生化资料。通过Lasso回归分析筛选独立预测因子,在此基础上利用多因素Logistic回归分析进一步探讨并建立列线图预测模型,并由验证组评估DPN列线图预测模型的可行性。最后,分别采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线下面积（AUC）、校正曲线和决策曲线分析（DCA）对预测模型的鉴别能力、准确性和临床实用性进行评估。结果15 020例T2DM患者中,无DPN患者8 887例,DPN患者6 133例。Lasso回归结合多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄〔OR=1.034,95%CI（1.031,1.039）〕、糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）〔OR=11.881,95%CI（10.756,13.135）〕、糖尿病病程〔OR=1.070,95%CI（1.061,1.078）〕、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）〔OR=1.237,95%CI（1.209,1.266）〕、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）〔OR=0.894,95%CI（0.877,0.901）〕是T2DM患者发生DPN的影响因素（P<0.05）。利用上述变量建立列线图预测模型。训练组中列线图预测模型预测DPN发生的AUC为0.858〔95%CI（0.851,0.865）〕,验证组中列线图预测模型预测DPN发生的AUC为0.852〔95%CI（0.840,0.865）〕。Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示出较好的拟合度（P>0.05）。DCA显示当患者的阈值概率为0~0.9,使用列线图预测模型预测DPN风险的净收益更高。结论本研究成功建立并验证一种高精度的列线图预测模型（预测变量包括年龄、DR、糖尿病病程、HbA1c、HDL）,有助于提高DPN高危患者的早期识别和筛选能力。     

基于无创诊断指标构建乙型肝炎肝硬化上消化道出血的预测模型研究

目的 探讨乙型肝炎（以下简称乙肝）肝硬化患者发生上消化道出血的危险因素,并建立无创预测模型。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月—2022年12月山西医科大学第一医院收治的142例乙肝肝硬化患者的临床资料,利用Lasso回归筛选出有效预测因子,基于Logistic回归算法建立列线图预测模型,通过Bootstrap重抽样法对模型进行内部验证,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线、校准曲线（CA）和决策曲线分析（DCA）评价模型,并将结果可视化。结果 142例乙肝肝硬化患者发生上消化道出血100例。经Lasso回归筛选的最佳建模指标为：性别、血红蛋白、中性粒细胞百分比、血糖、脾脏长径、门静脉内径。ROC曲线显示,列线图模型的敏感性为96.0%,特异性为83.0%,ROC曲线下面积为0.969(95%CI:0.946,0.993),高于终末期肝病模型（MELD）评分的0.592(95%CI:0.487,0.698)和肝功能Child-Turcotte-Pugh(CTP)评分的0.623(95%CI:0.509,0.738);CA曲线提示模型的预测概率与实际概率具有较高的吻合度;DCA曲线提示使用列线图...     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.