醒脑开窍针刺法治疗中风后吞咽障的系统评价与Meta分析*

目的系统评价醒脑开窍针刺法治疗中风后吞咽障碍的临床疗效,为醒脑开窍针刺法治疗中风后吞咽障碍提供循证医学证据。方法 计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、万方数据知识服务平台（WANFANG ）、维普期刊全文数据库（VIP）从建库以来至2018年12月发表的关于醒脑开窍针刺法治疗中风后吞咽障碍的临床随机对照试验（RCT）。由2名研究人员,依据纳入标准与排除标准,筛选文献,提取资料,按照 Cochrane 手册 5.1.0 标准对纳入的研究进行偏倚风险评估,利用Jadad 量表进行方法学质量评价,采用Review Manage5. 3 软件进行统计分析。结果 最终纳入符合标准的文献22篇,累积患者1 998例。Meta分析结果示,醒脑开窍针刺法或醒脑开窍针刺法联合其他辅助疗法治疗优于对照组,在总有效率、痊愈率、洼田饮水试验(WST)、藤岛一郎吞咽评分（FIRS）、标准吞咽功能评分（SSA）指标比较,差异比较具有统计学意义。结论 醒脑开窍针刺法治疗中风后吞咽障碍具有良好的疗效,但因纳入文献数量有限,质量偏低,仍需更多高质量的RCT试验来验证醒脑开窍针刺法治疗中风后吞咽障碍的临床疗效。     

温针灸治疗肩周炎临床疗效的Meta分析

【目的】运用循证医学的方法系统评价温针灸治疗肩周炎的临床疗效。【方法】检索中国知网期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普数据库(VIP)、万方数据库、中国生物医学数据库(CBM)及PubMed数据库,筛选采用温针灸治疗肩周炎的随机对照试验(RCT)文献,采用Rev Man 5.3软件对各研究的总有效率、视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、肩关节功能评分改善情况进行Meta分析。【结果】共纳入23篇RCT文献,涉及2279例患者,其中试验组1194例,对照组1085例。Meta分析结果显示:试验组(温针灸治疗肩周炎)的临床总有效率、VAS评分及肩关节功能评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。【结论】温针灸治疗肩周炎疗效优于常规针刺、电针疗法。但因纳入研究样本量偏少、文献质量低,这一结论尚需更多高质量RCT进一步验证。     

醒脑开窍针刺法联合Vitalstim吞咽治疗仪治疗脑卒中吞咽障碍临床研究

目的:观察醒脑开窍针刺法联合Vitalstim吞咽治疗仪治疗脑卒中吞咽障碍的临床疗效。方法:将105例患者随机分为对照组52例和观察组53例。两组均在病情稳定后进行吞咽功能训练。对照组采用Vitalstim吞咽障碍治疗仪进行治疗,每次30 min,刺激同时患者进行吞咽动作,每天1次,每周6次。观察组在对照组基础上加用醒脑开窍针刺法,每天1次,每周6次。两组疗程均为3周。两组患者治疗前后进行洼田饮水试验、标准吞咽功能评估、吞咽困难分级量表和吞咽障碍特异性生存质量量表评分。结果:观察组有效率为92.45%,对照组有效率为78.85%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.968,P=0.046);观察组治疗后洼田饮水试验情况显著优于对照组(P0.05);治疗后观察组洼田饮水试验评分、标准吞咽功能评分、吞咽困难分级量表评分均显著低于对照组(P0.05),吞咽障碍特异性生活质量量表评分显著高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:采用醒脑开窍针刺法联合Vitalstim吞咽障碍治疗仪治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍,能显著改善吞咽障碍,提高患者生存质量,临床疗效显著。     

血府逐瘀汤联合西药治疗缺血性中风临床疗效Meta分析

【目的】系统评价血府逐瘀汤加减联合西药治疗缺血性中风的临床疗效和安全性。【方法】检索中国知网期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普、万方、中国生物医学数据库(CBM)、PubMed、EMBase等数据库,筛选采用血府逐瘀汤加减联合西药治疗缺血性中风的随机对照试验(RCT)文献,应用Cochrane评价员手册进行风险偏倚评估。采用RevMan5.3软件对各研究的总有效率以及美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、Barthel指数(BI)、中医症候评分改善情况进行Meta分析。【结果】共纳入22篇RCT文献,涉及2 261例患者。Meta分析显示:血府逐瘀汤加减联合西药(治疗组)治疗缺血性中风在提高总有效率及改善NIHSS评分、BI评分、中医症候评分方面优于单纯西药(对照组),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。漏斗图提示纳入研究的文献同质性较好,发表性偏倚的可能性小。【结论】血府逐瘀汤加减联合西药治疗缺血性中风的临床疗效优于单纯西药治疗。但因纳入研究的文献质量偏低,此结论仍需更多高质量、多中心的大样本双盲随机对照试验加以验证。     

刃针治疗肩周炎临床疗效的Meta分析

【目的】系统评价刃针治疗肩周炎的临床效果。【方法】计算机检索国内外主要数据库中采用刃针治疗肩周炎的随机对照试验（RCT），检索期限从数据库建库至2022年10月17日。按照纳入与排除标准筛选文献后提取相关资料。根据Cochrane风险偏倚工具评估标准对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价。运用RevMan 5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。【结果】最终共纳入12项研究，涉及肩周炎患者926例。Meta分析结果表明，刃针疗法总有效率明显高于其他疗法（RR=1.16,95%CI=[1.10,1.22]）。刃针组的疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分显著低于其他疗法（SMD=-2.68,95%CI=[-4.51,-0.86]）。【结论】刃针治疗肩周炎的综合临床效果显著，但试验数据仍有一定缺陷，尚需要引入更多样本量大、质量高的RCT来逐步证实其作用。     

醒脑开窍针法结合康复训练对脑卒中后偏瘫患者运动功能和日常生活活动能力的影响

【目的】观察醒脑开窍针法结合康复训练改善脑卒中后偏瘫患者运动功能和日常生活活动能力的疗效。【方法】将60例脑卒中后偏瘫患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,所有患者均给予常规基础药物治疗,对照组同时给予常规康复训练,治疗组在常规康复训练基础上加用醒脑开窍针刺法治疗,治疗周期为4周,疗程结束后随访至12周。比较2组Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分（FMA）、 Barthel指数（MBI）及生存质量评分（SS-QOL）改善情况。【结果】治疗前,2组患者FMA、 MBI及SS-QOL评分的基线水平比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗4周后,2组患者的FMA、 MBI及SS-QOL评分均显著提高,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,且治疗组效果优于对照组（P<0.05）;随访至12周时,2组患者的FMA、 MBI及SS-QOL评分也均较基线水平显著提高（P<0.05）。【结论】醒脑开窍针法结合康复训练是改善脑卒中后偏瘫患者运动功能和日常生活活动能力的重要手段,作用效果持续,其疗效优于单纯康复训练组。     

醒脑开窍针刺法治疗中风后偏瘫的临床疗效观察

目的：比较使用醒脑开窍针刺法与传统针灸疗法治疗偏瘫的疗效。方法：以脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损程度评分作为疗效评定标准,并设常规针刺治疗组对照。结果：醒脑开窍针刺法治疗组的疗效比常规针刺治疗组明显提高（P〈0.05）。结论：使用醒脑开窍针刺法取穴治疗比传统针灸治疗中风后偏瘫效果明显提高。     

醒脑开窍针刺法联合脑络通方治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

【目的】观察醒脑开窍针刺法联合中药脑络通方治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。【方法】将70例患者随机分为针药组和对照组各35例。对照组给予西医常规+香丹注射液治疗,针药组在对照组治疗基础上予以醒脑开窍针刺法和脑络通方联合治疗。治疗后进行神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)和独立生活能力量表(BI)评价。【结果】（1） NIHSS评分疗效方面：治疗后,针药组总有效率为93．3%,对照组为72．4%,针药组的疗效优于对照组（P<0．01）。（2）基于BI评分的残疾率方面：治疗后,针药组残疾率为43．33%,对照组为75．86%,针药组的残疾率低于对照组(P<0．01)。（3）治疗后,2组NIHSS评分均显著降低, BI评分均显著提高,与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0．05）;且针药组对NIHSS、 BI评分的改善作用均优于对照组（P<0．05）。【结论】醒脑开窍针刺法与中药脑络通方联合治疗方案能显著改善急性脑梗死患者的神经功能,降低致残率,其疗效优于单纯西医常规治疗。     

调神通络针法结合舌三针及针刺双侧翳风穴治疗脑卒中后吞咽困难临床观察

【目昀】研究针刺对治疗脑卒中后吞咽困难的临床疗效【方法】采用随机对照法将符合纳入标准的140例患者分为2组,每组70例,两组病人均采用中西医对症支持治疗。治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用调神通络针法配合针刺舌三针、双侧翳风穴治疗。[结果]两组患者吞咽障碍程度评分均较治疗前改善（P〈0．05,P〈0．05）且治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;治疗组与对照组的显效率分别为67．14％和15．71％,总有效率分别为94．29％和57．14％。两组闻显效率与总有效率差异均有统计学意义。【结论】调神通络针法配合舌三针及针刺双侧翳风穴疗法能有效的治疗脑卒中后吞咽困难。     

针刺百会、水沟穴治疗卒中后认知障碍的系统评价及Meta分析

【目的】系统评价针刺百会、水沟穴治疗脑卒中后认知障碍(PSCI)的临床疗效。【方法】计算机检索中国知网期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang)、维普全文期刊数据库(VIP)及中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed数据库及The Cochrane library数据库。查找并获取应用百会、水沟穴在内的针刺治疗PSCI的所有临床随机对照试验,采用Cochrane系统评价方法对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价,并用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。【结果】最终纳入11项临床随机对照试验,纳入病例共805例。Meta分析结果显示:试验组在总有效率[OR=3.15,95%CI(1.81,5.46),Z=4.08,P0.000 1]、改善简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评分[WMD=2.21,95%CI(1.01,3.41),Z=3.61,P=0.000 3]、改善蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分[WMD=1.84,95%CI(0.81,2.88),Z=3.49,P=0.000 5]方面优于对照组,差异有统计学意义。【结论】应用百会、水沟穴针刺可有效改善PSCI患者的认知功能,但由于本次纳入文献质量较低,仍需更多高质量的多中心、大样本的随机对照试验研究加以验证。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.