基于混沌最小二乘支持向量机的软测量建模

提出一种改进算法,用来解决现有最小二乘支持向量机方法在处理大规模样本软测量建模问题时出现的模型结构复杂、失去支持向量稀疏性且正规化参数和核参数难以确定等问题。对样本集进行预处理,通过计算样本间欧氏距离进行样本相似程度分析,去除样本集中1/3的样本以简化支持向量机模型结构并提高计算速度。定义了一种混沌映射构成混沌系统并分析了其遍历性。应用改进的混沌优化算法优化最小二乘支持向量机模型参数以提高模型的拟合精度和泛化能力。将改进算法用于丙烯腈收率软测量建模中,仿真实验结果表明：模型精度较高,泛化性能好,满足现场测量要求。     

基于人工生命的优化方法及应用

将人工生命科学引入优化问题的处理中,通过对"生命游戏"这一特殊元胞机制的研究,并结合遗传算法(GA),建立了基于GA的元胞自动机优化模型.将该方法用于常用测试函数优化问题的求解,仿真结果表明所提出的新方法具有良好的性能.把基于GA的元胞自动机优化方法和BP神经网络相结合,用于丙烯腈收率软测量建模.结果表明:基于此方法的软测量模型精度高、性能较好,具有应用前景.     

非线性同伦LM算法及在软测量建模中的应用

综合同伦方法与Levenberg-Marquardt(LM)优化方法,提出了一种新型非线性同伦LM神经网络学习算法以改善现有神经网络学习算法的学习效率,分析了不同类型的过渡函数对神经网络泛化性能的影响.该算法具有稳定性强、收敛性能好的特点.结合工业过程实际要求,将提出的改进算法用于丙烯腈收率神经网络软测量建模并与几种常见建模方法比较,结果表明:基于改进算法的软测量模型具有更高的测量精度和更好的泛化性能,满足现场测量要求.     

两群替代微粒群优化算法及其应用

提出一种两群替代微粒群优化算法（TSSPSO），并对算法参数进行分析和对算法方程进行修正。该方法将微粒分成飞行方向不同的两分群，其中一分群微粒朝着最优微粒飞行，另一分群微粒朝着相反方向飞行；飞行时，每一微粒不仅受到微粒本身飞行经验和本分群最优微粒的影响，还受到全群最优微粒的影响。搜索时，每一次迭代均以一定的替代率用一分群中若干优势微粒取代另一分群中相同数目的劣势微粒。对4种常用函数的优化问题进行测试并进行比较，结果表明：两群替代微粒群优化算法比基本微粒群优化算法更容易找到全局最优解，优化效率和优化性能明显提高。将两群替代微粒群优化算法用于常压塔汽油干点软测量，建立基于两群替代微粒群优化算法的汽油干点神经网络软测量模型，通过与实际工业数据的比较，表明基于两群替代微粒群神经网络的软测量模型精度高、性能好。     

基于减法聚类产生具有优化规则的模糊神经网络及其软测量建模

提出了一种通过调整减法聚类半径优选模糊规则的软测量建模方法。首先用减法聚类建立T—S模糊模型，然后通过调整聚类半径优选模糊规则数，以取得具有良好泛化性能的模型，之后利用梯度下降混合最小二乘算法精调参数。最后用该方法对初馏塔石脑油干点进行软测量建模，结果表明能较快确定优化模型，并能满足软测量建模精度要求。     

TCA/丙酮沉淀对尿液标本中微量蛋白效果分析

目的对TCA/丙酮沉淀法对尿液标本中的微量蛋白进行测量的效果进行分析。方法采用随机抽样的方法,抽取2007年9月～2010年9月就诊的进行尿液标本检测的患者90例,再将其随机分为A、B、C3组,平均每组30例。A组采用丙酮沉淀法对微量蛋白进行测定;B组患者采用CAN/TFA沉淀法对微量蛋白进行测定;C组患者采用TCA/丙酮沉淀法对微量蛋白进行测定。对三组的测量结果进行比较分析。结果分析结果表明,C组患者的蛋白回收率和所得蛋白点数均值都明显高于其他两组患者,差异有显著的统计学意义（P〈0.01）;A组患者的蛋白回收率和所得蛋白点数均值都明显低于其他两组患者,有显著的统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论采用TCA/丙酮沉淀法对尿液微量蛋白含量进行测量的效果比较理想,具有操作简单、高效等特点,可以作为临床对患者进行尿液微量蛋白测量的首选方法,值得进一步推广。     

基于高斯过程和改进教与学优化算法的甲醇合成转化率软测量

针对高斯过程软测量建模过程中,常用的共轭梯度法难以完成高维协方差矩阵的超参数确定等问题,引入了教与学优化算法(TLBO)对高斯过程的训练过程进行了优化,提高了模型训练速度。并对基本的教与学优化算法做出了相应的改进:一是改进了算法的"学生阶段";二是增加了"课外阅读阶段",提高了算法的性能。将这一建模方法应用于甲醇合成转化率测量中,结果表明,该方法具有较好的估计精度。     

止骨颗粒提取工艺研究

目的：探讨止骨颗粒的提取工艺。方法：以方中君药补骨脂中补骨脂素、异补骨脂素含量及浸膏得率为指标,采用方差分析方法,对提取工艺优选。结果：补骨脂素、异补骨脂素含量及浸膏得率为评价指标时,方差结果表明A、C具有显著意义,最佳提取方案为A3B2C2,即加75%乙醇10倍量,回流提取2次,每次2h。     

异甘草酸镁减轻兔肝缺血模型的再灌注损伤的研究

目的研究异甘草酸镁减轻兔肝缺血模型的再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法将经肝门阻断20min后再开放手术建立的30只兔肝缺血再灌注损伤模型分为3组,A组为对照组,B组及C组为实验组,各10例。A组于术前1 d、10min和术后1 d经耳缘静脉注射5%葡萄糖10 ml。B组经兔耳缘静脉注射异甘草酸镁6 mg,用药时间同A组。C组术前1 d及术后1 d经兔耳缘静脉注射异甘草酸镁6 mg,术前10min经门静脉注射异甘草酸镁6 mg。各组均在术前1 d、术后1、3及7 d分别测定血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、肿瘤坏死因子-（TNF-）、白细胞介素1（IL-1）、一氧化氮（NO）含量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活性。结果 3组实验动物无手术或其他原因死亡。3组术后1、3及7 d ALT、TNF-I、L-1、SOD与NO值与术前差异均有统计学意义（均〈0.05）,术后1 d ALT、TNF-与IL-1水平A组高于B组,B组高于C组;术后3 d3组ALT、TNF-与IL-1值继续升高,但A组仍高于B组,B组高于C组;术后7 d3组ALT、TNF-与IL-1值下降。术后1及3 d SOD值水平B组与C组均高于A组,术后7 d SOD值B组高于A组,C组高于B组。术后1 d NO水平A组低于B组,而B组低于C组;术后3 d NO值继续升高,但A组仍低于B组,B组低于C组;术后7 d3组NO值下降。结论异甘草酸镁可增加缺血再灌注损伤兔血SOD及NO含量,并降低IL-1、TNF-含量及ALT活性,能有效减轻缺血再灌注对肝细胞的损伤;其机制可能与异甘草酸镁减轻氧自由基对肝细胞的损伤有关。     

补阳还五汤治疗气虚血瘀型冠心病的临床疗效及血浆中NO含量的改变

目的　探讨补阳还五汤治疗气虚血瘀型冠心病的临床疗效 ,以及与一氧化氮 (NO)的关系。方法　将 12 0例气虚血瘀型冠心病病人随机分为单硝酸异山梨酯组 (A组 )、补阳还五汤组 (B组 )、单硝酸异山梨酯加补阳还五汤组 (C组 ) ,每组 40例 ,按设计各服药 3个月 ,记录治疗前后疗效及血NO含量的变化。另选无冠心病的健康志愿者 40例服用金施尔康 3个月作为对照组 (D组 )。结果　A组总有效率和完全缓解率为 93 .9%和 45.5% ,B组为 94.9%和 3 0 .8% ,C组为 97.4%和 71.1%。主要副反应有严重头痛、低血压及胃肠道不适。B组与C组病人治疗前后血浆NO含量比较差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5) ,两组之间比较无统计学意义 ;治疗后A组、B组、C组与D组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　 (1)单用补阳还五汤治疗初发冠心病心绞痛的临床效果与单硝酸异山梨醇酯的效果相似 ,但补阳还五汤无明显副作用 ,病人依从性好 ;补阳还五汤与单硝酸异山梨醇酯合用可提高疗效 ;(2 )补阳还五汤可使血浆NO水平升高从而达到治疗作用     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…