我国医药产业技术创新能力评价指标体系构建及其聚类分析

目的研究我国各省市、自治区的医药产业技术创新差距。方法采用因子分析法和聚类分析法。结果我国各省生物医药产业的技术创新能力可以分为五个等级。第一第二等级的10个省份技术创新能力综合得分为正。结论我国应当通过积极调整产业结构,加大技术创新的转换能力,促进医药产业升级。     

我国中部地区承接产业转移的特征与趋势

采用2003-2012年省级面板数据对我国东中部27个工业产业转移情况进行了分析,发现中部地区承接产业的数量总体上呈现快速增长趋势,且以资源密集型和劳动密集型产业为主。对中部地区各行业销售值占比情况进行了实证研究,发现所承接产业大多具有绝对规模优势,但对其承接的程度并不显著;由于存在产业政策、区位特点、人口密度、资源禀赋等差异,中部六省的产业承接有着较大差别;产业承接过程中存在多方"利益相关人"的博弈,需要从制度设计上破解困境,以防范产业承接带来的各种经济风险。     

浅谈高等院校校办产业的管理体制和运行机制

浅谈高等院校校办产业的管理体制和运行机制常占君（科技开发部）我国高等院校校办产业在改革开放后有了很大发展，特别是以开发、转化和推广科技成果，实现技术创新为主要任务的高校科技产业的兴起，更加壮大了高校校办产业队伍，带动了高校校办产业整体素质的提高。高校...     

我国沿海经济技术开发区产出效率与依托母城关系研究

选取与经济技术开发区开发质量密切相关的产出效率为研究内容，依托母城作为开发区的发展平台，在对比分析第一批沿海开发区产出效率产出效益差异的基础上，利用主成份因子分析模型找到母城对开发区产出效率的主要影响要素。从发展阶段、地区差异性以及联合时间、地区这两个维度综合分析不同地区其开发区的产出效率。研究发现，以多个经济要素作为连接母城与开发区发展的纽带，在时空二维参照系下的分析很好地揭示了开发区产出效率的一般发展规律。     

国家发改委:两造纸行业清洁生产关键技术项目列入国家重大产业技术开发专项

按照《国家发展改革委办公厅关于组织实施2008年度重大产业技术开发专项的通知》(发改办高技(2008)301号)要求,3月27日,国家发展改革委对申报项目进行了审理。根据《国家高技术产业发展项目管理暂行办法》(国家发展改革委令43号)的规定,同意7个包括竹浆、发酵、皮革等方面的轻工行业清洁     

我国健康医疗大数据政策文献的多维分析

背景　近年来,我国颁布了一系列健康医疗大数据政策,目前有关健康医疗大数据政策的分析多为定性研究,缺乏定量研究。目的　多维度分析我国国家层面健康医疗大数据政策文献,从整体上把握我国健康医疗大数据政策的基本特征与政策目标,以期为我国健康医疗大数据政策制定和完善提供新思路和切实参考。方法　文章使用Python自编程序抓取国家卫生健康委员会官方网站中的政策文本,以179篇健康医疗大数据相关政策为研究对象,检索截止日期为2017-12-31。运用统计分析方法从政策年度、政策类型和政策主体3个维度分析我国健康医疗大数据政策文献的外部特征。运用VOSviewer对表征政策文本内容特征的关键词进行聚类分析,并以Pajek对其进行可视化分析。结果　从外部特征来看,我国国家层面健康医疗大数据政策的发展经历了萌芽期,已进入快速发展期;“函”“意见”和 “通知”等效率优先的政策形式较多,分别占34.1%（61/179）、17.9%（32/179）、16.2%（29/179）;国家卫生健康委员会在单独发文的143篇政策文献中发文最多,占69.9%（100/143）,在联合发文中与其他机构的合作关系最多,占机构间所有合作关系数的16.3%（28/172）,政策主体之间的合作比较广泛,政策的制定涉及政府、产业和研究各个方面。从内部主题来看,相关政策聚焦健康医疗大数据建设、应用、服务和人工智能辅助诊疗4个方面。结论　从外部特征来看,我国健康医疗大数据政策目前比较注重政策的推进和普及。国家卫生健康委员会是政策制定的主要力量。从内部主题来看,我国健康医疗大数据的建设尚处于起步阶段,健康医疗大数据可以应用于疾病、医药和养老等各个领域,以此来发展远程医疗、分级诊疗以及社区医疗,从而推进便民惠民工程。相关政策内容强调基于大数据的智能医疗技术的规范化,涉及内容广泛。     

开放式创新与我国生物医药产业的创新路径

创新能力是生物医药产业核心竞争能力的重要内容。文章探讨了阻碍我国生物医药产业创新能力提升的主要因素,在研究开放式创新模式的基础上,考虑将开放式创新纳入我国生物医药产业创新的可能,并从四个方面提出了开放式创新环境下我国生物医药企业持续提升创新能力的创新路径：制定开放式创新战略,参与全球技术创新联盟,强化多层次的创新主体和构筑产业开放式创新的多向支撑。     

建立风险投资机制促进高校科技成果转化

知识经济的到来给高校科技成果产业化提供了良好的社会经济大环境，高校作为高技术的重要创造者和拥有者，对国家高新技术及其产业发展和高新技术向传统产业的渗透和改造起着非常重要的作用。加强高校的科技成果转化为现实生产力，将科技成果推向市场，实行产业化，并向社会大面积辐射，是高校科技工作的重要任务。但是，从目前现状与运转情况看，大部分高校在成果产业化、产学研联合攻关方面存在着不同程度的困难和问题。有数据显示，我国高校虽然每年取得6000～8000项科技成果，但实现成果转化与产业化的还不到10％，技术进步对经济的贡献率为30％，低于发展中国家的平均贡献率33％，与发达国家的平均贡献率60％～80％相比相差甚远。科技创新、科技成果转化和产业化的数量、质量、规模、速度和效率较低，科技成果“转而不化”、“推而不广”的问题，已经成为我国高校科技研究发展的重要制约因素．科技成果转化难的瓶颈到底在哪里呢？     

公立医院绩效管理面临的挑战和对策

目的分析研讨公立医院绩效管理所面临的挑战和对策。方法我院2013年1月至2016年2月期间采用绩效管理模式,将此阶段作为此研究的研究组,同时将2009年1月至2012年12月期间未采用绩效管理模式阶段纳入到研讨范围中,将此阶段作为此研究的对照组,回顾分析此两个阶段中抗菌药物使用状况、护理质量、患者满意度等,并进行对比讨论。结果 (1)护理质量评分:从两阶段健康教育、病房管理、整体护理、基础护理方面来看,研究组比对照组更具有优势性,组间数据有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)两组满意度对比:两阶段患者满意度评分对比,研究组优于对照组,组间数据有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)抗菌药物使用状况:研究组抗菌药物使用率33.33%比对照组63.33%要低,组间数据有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论医院实施绩效管理意义较大,在医院抗菌药物使用、感染、护理质量、患者满意度等方面均发挥着较大作用,推广应用价值高。     

论新药研制过程中的创新与开发

新药研究一直被称之为开发。谈到开发,一般认为是非研究性的工作,较研究层次为低,过去很多人不愿意从事开发,甘愿做一些所谓的研究工作。随着新药研究尤其是中药新药研究水平的不断提高,一、二类中药新药的不断增多,国家也开始重视新药的研制。诸如国家在许多重大项目如攀登计划、“九·五”科技攻关等都立项招标,这符合我国的国情。从国家来看,新药研制已不再被视为一般的开发过程,而是一项高智能、高技术投入的创新工作,可以说新药研制的创新时代已经到来。１新药研究的历史背景回顾我国中药新药研制的历史,大约经历了三个阶段…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.