老年患者永久起搏器植入的临床疗效评价

目的 探讨不同年龄组老年患者植入心脏永久起搏器的安全性及可行性。方法 对2020年1月至2021年1月初诊于陕西省人民医院心内二科初次植入永久起搏器的老年患者74例的临床及随访资料进行回顾性分析,依据世界卫生组织的老年标准分为高龄组和低龄组。分析气胸、电极脱位、囊袋出血等并发症发生率及起搏器阈值、感知、电极阻抗等数据。结果 两组患者在性别和BMI,以及冠心病、高血压和2型糖尿病患病占比差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。高龄组年龄以及心力衰竭和肺部疾病的占比均显著高于低龄组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高龄组气胸和囊袋出血发生率显著高于低龄组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;高龄组心室和心房的起搏阈值均显著高于低龄组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 高龄及超高龄患者植入心脏永久起搏器安全且可行,关注老年患者生理特性并注重围术期管理十分重要。     

经冠状窦心室起搏替代传统右心室起搏的可行性与安全性

目的 在普通心脏起搏器植入术中通过冠状窦(coronary sinus,CS)实施心室起搏,与传统右心室起搏比较其可行性与安全性.方法 具有心脏永久起搏器植入适应证的61例患者随机分为传统右室起搏组和经CS心室起搏组,比较2组手术成功率、并发症、QRS波时限及起搏器参数.结果 (1)经CS心室起搏组的手术即刻成功率低于传统右室起搏组(100%和68.97%,P<0.01);其中经CS心室起搏组采用左心室专用电极手术成功率明显高于普通心室翼状电极组(85.71%与25%,P<0.05);2组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)术后1月CS心室起搏组QRS波增宽的程度明显小于传统右心室起搏组(P<0.05);(3)经CS心室起搏组术中、术后1月、3月起搏阈值和电极阻抗虽高于传统右室起搏组(P<0.05),但其数值均在起搏参数允许范围内,起搏效果良好.结论 与传统右心室起搏比较,经CS心室起搏具有良好的安全性和有效性,更符合生理性心室激动顺序,采用左心室专用电极可明显提高CS心室起搏手术成功率.     

心脏起搏器植入术常见并发症的分析及护理

人工心脏永久起搏是通过人工心脏起搏器或程序刺激器发放人造电流脉冲刺激心脏,使心脏兴奋继而向心肌四周传导扩散,以带动心搏完成心房或心室收缩的治疗方法。随着永久起搏器植入术的广泛应用,其并发症也逐一显现出来。2006年3月～2010年5月,我院180例起搏器植入术患者发生起搏相关并发症,对其临床资料进行分析,报告如下。     

高龄患者永久心脏起搏器安装术的临床分析

目的探讨高龄患者安装永久心脏起搏器的有效性和安全性。方法 2009年1月至2009年12月连续安装永久心脏起搏器211例患者,包括53例年龄〉80岁高龄患者,158例年龄〈80岁非高龄患者,分析患者疾病组成以及安装起搏器的类型、心室起搏电极位置以及基本起搏参数。结果与非高龄的患者相比较,安装永久心脏起搏器的高龄患者合并冠心病的比例较高（7.5%：1.3%,P〈0.05）,高龄患者选择单腔起搏器的比例较高（69.8%：44.4%,P〈0.05）,而选择起搏器电极的位置、起搏器阈值、感知和阻抗差异无统计学意义。结论高龄患者安装永久人工心脏起搏器是一种安全有效的诊断治疗方法 。     

长期置入不同类型起搏器对高龄缓慢性心律失常患者心脏功能的影响

探讨长期置入单腔及双腔起搏器治疗高龄缓慢性心律失常（BA）患者的稳定性及对患者心功能的影响。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月—2019年12月于我院进行置入永久性心脏起搏器治疗的76例高龄BA患者,根据患者置入心脏起搏器类型分为单腔起搏组（n=37）和双腔起搏组（n=39）。比较两组患者围术期并发症发生情况、起搏器参数（起搏阈值、导线阻抗、R波振幅）、心功能［左心室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、左室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室收缩末期容积（LVESV）］以及心力衰竭住院情况等。结果 两组患者围术期总并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;置入时及置入2年时两组患者起搏阈值、导线阻抗、R波振幅组内、组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;置入2年时,单腔起搏组LVEF水平显著降低,LVESV水平显著升高（P＜0.05）,且相比于双腔起搏组,单腔起搏组LVEF水平显著降低,LVESV水平显著升高（P＜0.05）;单腔起搏组和双腔起搏组患者随访2年时心律衰竭住院率分别为8.11%（3/37）、5.13%（2/39）,组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 单腔及双腔起搏器长期置入治疗BA患者稳定性良好,但单腔起搏器可能损伤BA患者心功能,而双腔起搏器对患者心功能无明显不良影响     

高龄患者永久起搏器更换术37例报告

目的 分析高龄患者(≥80岁)永久起搏器更换术临床特点及总结治疗经验.方法 回顾分析行永久起搏器更换术的37例高龄患者及同期43例老年患者(60～79岁)临床资料.结果 两组患者均以第1次更换为主.高龄组因电池自然耗竭更换起搏器比率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).两组患者的更换电极比率、并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 高龄患者大部分为第1次更换起搏器,且大部分可以保留原电极,术中对原电极的处理是关键;熟练的手术团队进行手术,缜密的围术期处理有助于降低手术并发症.     

探讨腹腔镜下穿孔修补术和开腹修补术治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔的临床效果

目的：对腹腔镜下穿孔修补术和开腹修补术治疗胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔的临床效果进行探讨。方法整群选取该院2013年1月—2015年10月收治的76例胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔患者,分为观察组和对照组,观察组患者接受腹腔镜修补术的治疗,对照组患者接受开腹修补术的治疗,对比临床效果。结果观察组患者住院时间、术后切口感染率等指标均显著优于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组、对照组复发率分别为8.9%、10.53%,观察组并发症发生率分别为2.63%、28.95%,两组复发率差异无统计学意义,并发症发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05）。结论相较于开腹修补术,腹腔镜下修补术具有住院时间短、切口感染率低等优点,可有效降低患者并发症发生率。     

心力衰竭患者三腔起搏器植入术的护理分析

目的:探讨整体护理模式在心力衰竭患者三腔起搏器植入术围手术期的护理疗效。方法:选择80例行三腔起搏器植入术治疗的心力衰竭患者为研究对象,随机平均分成观察组与对照组两组,每组40例。对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者实施整体护理,比较两组患者的临床护理疗效。结果:1观察组患者总有效率为87.5%,较对照组总有效率72.5%有显著性提高,两组患者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2观察组患者围手术期出血量、手术时间、住院时间、术后并发症发生率等指标较对照组患者均有显著性降低,两组患者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:心力衰竭患者行三腔起搏器植入术治疗围手术期实施整体护理模式优于常规护理,值得在临床推广。     

全程护理在床边 IABP 植入术患者中的应用价值研究

目的:探讨全程护理在床边IABP植入术患者中的临床应用效果。方法:选取收治的IABP植入术患者20例为研究对象,按照手术日期单双号分组,单号日期为对照组(10例),实施常规护理;双号日期为观察组(10例),实施全程护理,比较两组护理效果。结果:观察组的术后并发症发生率为10%,对照组的术后并发症的发生率为60%,观察组的并发症发生率明显低于对照组,无出血、感染、血栓形成、肢体缺血坏死等并发症发生,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的满意度为90%,对照组的满意度为40%,观察组患者满意度显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗总有效率为90%,对照组的总有效率为40%,观察组患者总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:全程护理在床边IABP植入术患者中的护理效果更好,并发症发生率更低,治疗的总有效率更高,患者治疗后的满意率也更高,值得临床推广应用。     

选择单腔或双腔永久人工起搏器安装术患者211例临床分析

目的针对单腔和双腔起搏器安装的争论,探讨临床实际工作中单腔和双腔永久人工起搏器的选择。方法 2009年1-12月连续安装永久心脏起搏器211例患者,包括118例选择单腔起搏器,93例选择双腔起搏器,分析两组患者年龄、疾病组成、心室起搏电极位置以及基本起搏参数。结果单腔起搏器组患者年龄较大,尤其是80岁以上的年龄者,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;单腔起搏器组房颤患者比例较大（P〈0.05）;单腔起搏组以房室传导阻滞者较多;单腔起搏器患者的左房内径较双腔起搏器组大（P〈0.05）;单腔起搏器组心室的阈值较高（P〈0.05）,阻抗较低（P〈0.05）;单腔起搏器组选择右室流出道较多（P〈0.05）。结论单腔起搏器在高龄、房颤患者中仍是一种可接受的有效的治疗缓慢心律失常的方法。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…