急性闭合性颅脑损伤患者血清Nogo-A蛋白的变化

目的探讨急性闭合性颅脑损伤患者血清Nogo—A蛋白的变化及其与颅脑创伤程度和预后的关系。方法选择31例急性闭合性颅脑损伤患者,分别于伤后第1、3、5天采集静脉血2mL,ELISA法测定血清Nogo—A蛋白质量浓度;根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）,将患者分为轻度颅脑损伤组（n=7）、中度颅脑损伤组（n=10）和重度颅脑损伤组（n=14）;根据格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）,分为预后良好组（n=23）和预后不良组（n=8）。以20名健康成人作为对照组。结果重、中、轻度颅脑损伤组伤后第1、3、5天血清Nogo—A蛋白质量浓度均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。中、重度颅脑损伤组患者伤后第1、3、5天血清Nogo-A蛋白质量浓度均高于相同时间点的轻度颅脑损伤组患者（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。预后不良组患者伤后第1、3、5天血清Nogo—A蛋白质量浓度显著高于相同时间点的预后良好组患者（P〈0．01）。结论颅脑损伤后急性期患者血清Nogo-A蛋白水平显著升高,且与损伤程度及预后有一定关系。     

颅脑损伤后血清中TNF-α、IL-6及CRP的动态变化及意义

目的：研究颅脑损伤后患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6及CRP的动态变化及意义。方法：100例颅脑损伤患者按照GCS计分法分为轻型组（38例）、中型组（32例）、重型组（30例）,30例健康体检者为对照组。用双抗体夹心ELISA法及透射免疫比浊法测定颅脑损伤患者伤后1、3、7、14d血清中TNF-α、IL-6及CRP水平。结果：颅脑损伤后各时间点血清TNF-α、IL-6及CRP含量均高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。TNF-α于伤后第1天开始升高,于伤后第3天达到高峰,伤后第7天开始下降,但仍高于对照组（P〈0.05）。IL-6及CRP于伤后第1天达到高峰,伤后第3天开始下降,但仍高于对照组（P〈0.05）。重型组TNF-α、IL-6及CRP含量均明显高于轻、中型组（P〈0.01）,中型组高于轻型组（P〈0.05）。各个时间点的血清TNF-α、IL-6及CRP含量与颅脑损伤程度呈正相关（r=0.482,P〈0.01;r=0.563,P〈0.01;r=0.617,P〈0.01）。结论：血清中TNF-α、IL-6及CRP含量在颅脑损伤后明显升高,与颅脑损伤程度呈正相关。TNF-α参与了颅脑损伤的炎性损伤过程,急性期其损害作用是主要的;IL-6及CRP可从一定程度上反映颅脑损伤患者的病情严重程度。因此,动态监测颅脑损伤患者血清TNF-α、IL-6及CRP水平对判断病情的严重程度及预后有重要的价值。     

急性闭合性颅脑损伤患者血清Nogo-A蛋白的变化

目的 探讨急性闭合性颅脑损伤患者血清Nogo-A蛋白的变化及其与颅脑创伤程度和预后的关系.方法 选择31例急性闭合性颅脑损伤患者,分别于伤后第1、3,5天采集静脉血2 mL,ELISA法测定血清Nogo-A蛋白质量浓度;根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS),将患者分为轻度颅脑损伤组(n=7)、中度颅脑损伤组(n=10)和重度颅脑损伤组(n=14);根据格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS),分为预后良好组(n=23)和预后不良组(n=8).以20名健康成人作为对照组.结果 重、中、轻度颅脑损伤组伤后第1、3、5天血清Nogo-A蛋白质量浓度均显著高于对照组(P<0.01).中、重度颅脑损伤组患者伤后第1、3,5天血清Nogo-A蛋白质量浓度均高于相同时间点的轻度颅脑损伤组患者(P<0.05,P<0.01).预后不良组患者伤后第1、3,5天血清Nogo-A蛋白质量浓度显著高于相同时间点的预后良好组患者(P<0.01).结论 颅脑损伤后急性期患者血清Nogo-A蛋白水平显著升高,且与损伤程度及预后有一定关系.     

血清sTREM-1、HMGB1用于评估重型颅脑损伤并发肺部感染的临床价值

目的探讨血清可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1（sTREM-1）和高迁移率族蛋白B1（HMGB1）用于评估重型颅脑损伤并发肺部感染的临床价值。方法选取2017年7月至2019年7月海口市人民医院收治的102例重型颅脑损伤患者,根据肺部感染发生情况分为感染组45例与非感染组57例,并依据术后30d感染结局情况,将感染组分为生存组37例及死亡组8例。应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清sTREM-1、HMGB1水平,同时检测各组患者WBC、降钙素原（PCT）、CRP、TNF-α等指标。并采用ROC曲线分析两项单独检测及联合检测对重型颅脑损伤并发肺部感染的诊断价值,应用多因素logistic回归分析影响患者预后危险因素。结果感染组sTREM-1、HMGB1、体温、WBC、PCT、CRP、TNF-α均较非感染组高（均P＜0.05）;血清sTREM-1和HMGB1诊断重型颅脑损伤并发肺部感染的最佳临界值分别为108.40ng/ml、5.08ng/ml,两者联合诊断的灵敏度为0.944,高于两项单独诊断0.833、0.889;死亡组sTREM-1、HMGB1、WBC、PCT、CRP、TNF-α均较生存组高,而GCS评分较生存组低（均P＜0.05）;GCS评分、sTREM-1、HMGB1为影响重型颅脑损伤并发肺部感染患者预后的独立危险因素（均P＜0.05）。结论重型颅脑损伤并发肺部感染患者血清sTREM-1、HMGB1均显著升高,联合诊断可提高临床诊断价值,且作为影响患者预后的危险因素,临床应及早采取防治措施,控制感染,改善预后。     

颅脑损伤后血清胃泌素水平的动态变化与患者伤情及预后关系

目的观察颅脑损伤患者血清胃泌素（GAS）水平的变化,探讨其在颅脑损伤伤情判断及预后评估中的意义。方法对90例颅脑损伤患者（观察组）按照入院格拉斯哥评分（GCS评分）分为轻型组、中型组及重型组,用放射免疫法分别于入院后第1、4、7、14、21天测定GAS水平并与正常对照组进行比较,于伤后3个月进行GOS评分比较预后。结果观察组GAS水平明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）;轻型组、中型组、重型组GAS水平差异存在显著性（P〈0.01）;颅脑损伤早期GAS水平升高,轻型组在入院第4天达到高峰,在第14天基本接近正常水平,中型和重型组在入院第7天达到高峰,在第21天仍保持较高水平;预后恶劣组住院期间GAS水平水平明显高于预后良好组（P〈0.01）。结论颅脑损伤患者血清胃泌素水平越高,预示脑损伤越重,预后越差。早期动态观察血清胃泌素水平对判断伤情及估计预后有重要意义。     

细胞因子在颅脑损伤中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨血清TNF-α、IL-1β在颅脑损伤中的表达,为颅脑损伤的诊断和治疗提供理论依据。方法：60例颅脑损伤患者中,中型颅脑损伤30例（中型损伤组）,重型颅脑损伤30例（重型损伤组）。测定两组患者肿瘤坏死因子（TNF—α）和白介素-1β（IL—1β）含量。结果：重型颅脑损伤组术后第24h、3d、7d血清中TNF-α、IL-1β含量显著高于中型损伤组,相比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;TNF-α、IL-1β含量在术后3d达到高峰。结论：血清TNF-α、IL-1β可作为颅脑损伤程度的早期指标,搞清颅脑损伤血清TNF-α、IL-1β水平的表达情况,通过抑制炎症反应的方法治疗颅脑外伤成为可能。     

亚低温治疗对重型颅脑损伤患者血清IL-6及TNF-α水平的影响

目的探讨亚低温治疗对重型颅脑损伤患者血清中白介素-6及肿瘤坏死因子-α变化的影响。方法对照组和治疗组各31例,治疗组在脱水、止血、营养脑神经、吸氧、抗感染、支持及对症等治疗的同时采用亚低温（32℃-35℃）治疗4-6天,根据降温效果决定是否加用冰袋,对照组除不用亚低温治疗外,余治疗方法同亚低温组。观察亚低温治疗对患者伤后1天、3天、7天血清IL-6和TNF-α水平变化的影响并评价其预后。结果治疗组颅脑损伤后3天7、天时血清中IL-6和TNF-α水平明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）,且预后良好率也明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论亚低温可明显降低重度颅脑损伤后血清IL-6和TNF-α水平,并可改善其预后。     

重型颅脑损伤患者血清S100B和TNF-α变化研究

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤(TBI)患者血清S100B蛋白和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的水平变化,并分析其与预后的相关性。方法测定70例重型脑外伤患者伤后7 d内不同时间段血清S100B蛋白和TNF-α水平,分析S100B蛋白和TNF-α水平与GCS评分及患者预后的相关性。结果伤后重型、特重型TBI组S100B和TNF-α浓度逐渐上升(P0.05),高峰值为伤后3 d,伤后5 d开始渐下降,伤后7 d持续。重型、特重型TBI组S100B在同一个时间点之间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。TBI程度越重,S100B蛋白表达水平越高。重型、特重型TBI组患者血清TNF-α水平差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。重型颅脑损伤各组血清S100B和TNF-α呈显著正相关(r=0.823、0.837,P0.05)。重型TBI患者的S100B但清蛋白含量和TNF-α浓度与TBI严重程度呈正相关,而与GOS和GCS评分呈负相关(P0.05)。结论判断重型TBI严重程度与预后可联合测定血清S-100B蛋白和TNF-α,是其重要的客观指标,两种指标联合检测可鉴别程度不同的重型颅脑损伤,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

颅脑损伤后C反应蛋白动态监测的临床意义

目的研究颅脑损伤患者血清C反应蛋白（CRP）浓度的动态变化及临床意义。方法对91例脑颅脑损伤患者轻型（GCS13-15分）28例,中型（GCS9-12分）32例,重型（GCS5-8分）23例,特重型（GCS3-5分）8例血清CRP采用ESISA测定进行动态监测。结果伤后第1天,轻型组CRP仅轻度升高,中型、重型及特重型组CRP显著高于轻型组,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;第3天各组CRP基本处于峰值,中型、重型及特重型组CRP仍显著高于轻型组,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;第7天各组CRP浓度呈下降趋势,轻型组CRP基本恢复正常,中型、重型及特重型组CRP下降相对缓慢,仍显著高于轻型组,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。患者伤情越重血清CRP升高越明显,持续时间越长,预后越差。结论动态监测颅脑损伤患者血清CRP浓度对病情判断,疗效评判及预后评估有重要的临床价值。     

亚低温辅助治疗对急性重型颅脑损伤患者外周血神经元特异性烯醇化酶、一氧化氮和C反应蛋白水平的影响

目的探讨亚低温治疗对急性重型颅脑损伤患者外周血神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、一氧化氮（NO）和C反应蛋白（CRP）水平的影响。方法将90例急性重型颅脑损伤患者随机分为对照组（n=45）和观察组（n=45）。两组均给予常规治疗,观察组联合亚低温辅助治疗。观察治疗前后两组患者的外周血神经元特异性烯醇化酶（neuronspecific enolase,NSE）、一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）和C反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）水平变化。结果观察组预后良好率和病死率分别为46.67%（21/45）和11.11%（5/45）,明显优于对照组的28.89%（13/45）和24.44%（11/45）（P〈0.05）。治疗后第3、5天和复温后（第7天）观察组NSE、NO和CRP水平均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论亚低温辅助治疗急性重型颅脑损伤的疗效显著,可有效降低NSE、NO和CRP的水平,减轻脑组织的继发性损伤,降低病死率,改善预后。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.