12个不同产地艾叶挥发油的GC-MS分析

目的:分析12个不同产地艾叶挥发油成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取12个不同产地艾叶的挥发油,并运用GC-MS对其化学成分进行定性、定量分析。结果:12个不同产地艾叶挥发油含量以湖北蕲春艾叶最高;桉油精、樟脑、龙脑、松油醇、石竹烯、侧柏酮等为各产地艾叶挥发油的主要共有成分;安徽六安、甘肃兰州所产艾叶及山西交城的五月艾所含樟脑、侧柏酮等毒性成分较低;蕲春艾叶移栽至山西的样品在挥发油含量、成分种类及侧柏酮等毒性成分含量方面均优于原产地蕲艾。结论:产地对艾叶挥发油含量、成分种类乃至毒性成分含量均有较大的影响,蕲春艾叶优于其他产地艾叶。     

广西产艾叶挥发油成分GC-MS研究

目的:研究广西产艾叶挥发油的成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取广西产艾叶的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用系统分析挥发油的主要成分,并用峰面积归一化法计算出各类化学成分在挥发油中的相对百分含量。结果:鉴定了67个化合物,占总组分的96.5%。结论:该研究可为广西产艾叶挥发油的进一步开发利用提供科学依据。     

湖南产艾叶挥发油成分的GC-MS研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法,从湖南产菊科植物艾叶中提取挥发油,通过气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用系统对其成分中的30个化合物进行了确认,并用峰面积归一化法得出各类化学成分在挥发油中的相对百分含量.并和文献报道的其它产地的艾叶挥发油成分进行了比较.     

广西产龙眼花挥发油成分GC-MS分析

目的:分析广西不同产地龙眼花挥发油的主要化学成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取广西产龙眼花中的挥发油,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其挥发油成分进行分析。结果:广西不同产地龙眼花挥发油得率为0.15%~0.25%,均含有石竹烯、γ-榄香烯、α-石竹烯、大根香叶烯D和β-愈创木烯等特征成分,但不同产地龙眼花的挥发油中同一成分含量变化较大。结论:本研究结果可为合理应用广西产龙眼花药材提供一定的科学依据。     

Volatile constituents of folium artemisiae argyi of different sources

目的：比较不同产地艾叶挥发性成分，为艾叶的质量标准提供化学依据。方法：以五个产地的艾叶为原料，采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油，应用气相色谱．质谱联用（Chromatography-mass Spectrometer, GC-MS）技术对其化学成分进行鉴定，并进行半定量计算。结果：湖北蕲春和河北安国艾叶含多种挥发油成分，且各成分之间实际含量分布较均匀。结论：不同产地艾叶所含挥发油种类的多少及实际含量是不同的。     

甘肃人工栽培麻黄挥发油成分分析

目的:分析比较甘肃不同产地人工栽培草麻黄挥发油成分。方法:采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取麻黄挥发油,通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术进行挥发油成分分析。结果:从3种不同来源(民勤、镇远和古浪县)的草麻黄挥发油中共鉴定出71种化学成分,均含有四甲基吡嗪、芳樟醇、β-松油醇、4松-油醇、dα--松油醇、十六烷酸等28个相同成分,含量最高的为d-α-松油醇,十六烷酸。结论:甘肃产人工栽培草麻黄挥发油化学成分不含有1α--松油醇。     

不同产地龙脑樟叶挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

目的:分析比较江西吉安、湖南新晃、浙江淳安、福建厦门4个产地龙脑樟叶挥发油的化学成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取龙脑樟叶挥发油,运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对其化学成分进行分析。结果:江西吉安产龙脑樟叶挥发油共鉴定出44种成分,占总含量的99.16%,其中右旋龙脑占53.17%;湖南新晃产龙脑樟叶挥发油共鉴定出33种成分,占总含量的97.84%,其中右旋龙脑占32.71%;浙江淳安产龙脑樟叶挥发油共鉴定出34种成分,占总含量的98.1%,其中右旋龙脑占41.89%;福建厦门产龙脑樟叶挥发油共鉴定出25种成分,占总含量的99.58%,其中右旋龙脑占60.74%。结论:不同产地龙脑樟叶挥发油成分在组成和含量上有一定的差异。     

不同产地鸡血藤挥发性成分研究

目的:研究不同产地广西、贵州鸡血藤(Cau lis spatholob i)挥发性成分。方法:利用有机溶剂-水蒸汽蒸馏提取鸡血藤挥发性成分,用GC/MS进行分离测定,结合计算机检索技术对分离化合物进行结构鉴定,应用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对百分含量。结果:广西鸡血藤分离出97个成分,鉴定出54个化学成分,占挥发油总量的77.77%;贵州鸡血藤分离出82个成分,鉴出52个化学成分,占挥发油总量的84.75%。结论:但还有近40%的成分未鉴定出。2种不同产地鸡血藤挥发油成分中,含有27种相同成分,其中含量最高的为α-红没药醇(广西22.435%,贵州15.150%)。     

不同产地生姜挥发油化学成分的GC-MS研究

目的:分析山东和广西两产地生姜挥发油的化学成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法从生姜中提取挥发油,用GC-MS分析两产地生姜中挥发油化学成分。结果:广西生姜挥发油分离出122个色谱峰,山东生姜挥发油分离出88个色谱峰,经GC-MS分析,广西产生姜鉴别出63种成分,山东产生姜鉴别出58种成分,占已分离组分总含量的85%以上。两产地生姜挥发油中共有化学成分29个,且共有化学成分的相对百分含量差异较大,其中橙花醇(nerol)的相对百分含量相差近5倍。结论:不同产地生姜挥发油化学成分差异较大。     

GC-MS测定不同产地香椿子挥发油成分

目的:分析研究不同产地香椿子中挥发油成分,比较不同产地所含挥发油成分的差异。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取香椿子中挥发油,气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术分析鉴定香椿子中挥发油成分,经面积归一化法计算各产地挥发油中各成分相对百分含量,并通过主成分分析和聚类分析2种化学计量法对数据进行分析。结果:鉴定出70种不同化合物,江苏、山东、河南、湖南、陕西所产香椿子中挥发油主要化学成分存在一定差异。其中,共有成分为17种,江苏产香椿子主要有38种,山东产香椿子主要有35种,河南产香椿子主要有45种,湖南产香椿子主要有38种,陕西产香椿子主要有40种。结论:GC-MS联用技术适用于香椿子挥发油成分的快速分析,本研究可为香椿子挥发油进一步开发利用、质量评价等提供一定的理论依据。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。