CSC应用3D-OCT的临床分析

目的:应用三维光学相干断层扫描(3D-OCT)探讨中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)的形态学特征与视力的相关性。方法:对46例50眼CSC患者进行了3D-OCT检查,测量出CSC患者黄斑区神经上皮层脱离的高度、范围及容积,并利用SPSS13.0统计学软件对所得结果与视力进行相关分析。结果:黄斑区神经上皮层脱离高度与视力呈负相关关系(r=-0.78,P=0.00),而与神经上皮脱离范围、容积之间无负相关关系(r=-0.39,P=0.26;r=-0.09,P=0.80)。结论:CSC黄斑区神经上皮层脱离的高度为影响视力的主要因素,高分辨率的3D-OCT能在CSC患眼上获得类似于眼组织病理学改变的影像,从而对CSC的诊断、鉴别诊断、病变程度分析及治疗后的病情监测具有临床应用价值。     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变激光治疗后黄斑形态改变与光敏感度的观察

目的利用相干光断层扫描(OCT)与自动视野仪分析激光治疗前后中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)患者的黄斑形态与黄斑敏感度的变化。方法随机抽取行激光治疗的单眼发病的CSC患者64例(64只眼),分别在行激光治疗前、治疗后2,4周行OCT及中心视野检查。用自动视野计进行双眼中心视野检查,OCT测量CSC患者黄斑区神经上皮层脱离的高度、水平范围。中心视野的检查评估黄斑区光敏感度的恢复,分析CSC的黄斑区形态学改变与黄斑敏感度的关系。结果激光治疗前CSC患眼中心10°的平均光敏感度为(21.102±7.721)d B,激光治疗后4周的平均光敏感度为(27.348±1.785)d B,(P<0.05)。患者神经上皮层脱离高度为75~598μm,平均(260.38±134.65)μm,浆液性脱离范围1123.48~5321.64,平均(3223.73±1023.44)μm。4周后,浆液性脱离范围0~1463μm,平均(894.45±786.54)μm,神经上皮层脱离高度为0~76μm,平均(21.78±23.25)μm,患者神经上皮层脱离高度及范围均明显低于治疗前(P<0.05)。结论激光治疗急性CSC能缩短病程,OCT能定量分析黄斑水肿程度,比FFA更加直观;自动视野检查治疗后的视功能恢复情况。同时应用能更好的评价治疗效果,能对CSC的愈后过程进行灵敏的追踪。     

中心性浆液性视网膜脉络膜病变的光学相干断层扫描图像改变

目的　研究中心性浆液性视网膜脉络膜病变 (CSC)的光学相干断层扫描 (OCT)图像的变化。方法　对 4 2例患者的 4 4眼进行OCT检查 ,对其进行动态观察和测量 ,分析其结果。结果　根据OCT图像 ,病变表现为视网膜神经上皮层脱离、神经上皮层和色素上皮层同时脱离、色素上皮脱离 3种不同形式。结论　OCT对CSC的诊断和判断治疗的预后有临床应用价值     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的光学相干断层扫描

目的:观察中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(central serouschorioretinopathy,CSC)患者发病期与恢复期光学相干断层扫描(opticalcoherencetomography,OCT)的形态学特征,并探讨其与视力改变之间的关系。方法:临床诊断为单眼首次发病的CSC患者34例,发病期与恢复期分别行OCT检查,观察其形态学特征,对病变图像进行测量和分析。比较其形态学改变与视力预后之间的关系。结果:发病期CSC患者OCT表现为累及黄斑中心凹的视网膜神经上皮层的脱离、水肿。恢复期OCT表现为神经上皮层下液体完全吸收,部分患者黄斑区可观察到外界膜及内外节连接,部分患者黄斑中心凹厚度变薄,外界膜及内外节连接消失。CSC患者预后视力与发病期神经上皮层脱离范围、黄斑中心凹厚度呈负相关(r=-0.402、-0.485、-0.360,P<0.05)。恢复期CSC患者双眼的黄斑中心凹厚度与视力均有明显差异(P<0.05);患眼的预后视力与黄斑中心凹的厚度存在明显的正相关(Spearmanr=0.48,P<0.05)。外界膜及内外节连接存在的患眼视力好于内外节连接消失的患眼视力(P<0.05)。结论:CSC患者神经上皮层脱离范围、黄斑中心凹厚度、外界膜及内外节连接均可能影响视力的预后;高分辨率的OCT能在CSC患眼上获得类似于眼组织病理学改变的影像。     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变OCT浆液性脱离区测量及其与视力的关系

目的 探讨频域相干光断层扫描（SD-OCT）在中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（CSC）中的应用并对CSC浆液性脱离区各项定量指标的测量结果与患者视力的关系进行分析。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 2010年11月至2011年3月在华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院眼科就诊并确诊为CSC的患者34例（37眼）。方法 所有患者均应用Spectralis OCT进行检查,观察视网膜浆液性脱离区形态学特征并根据不同形态进行视力分析,进一步用黄斑地形图分析软件测量黄斑部1、3 、6 mm 9个分区视网膜厚度及体积,测量浆液性脱离区脱离的高度和脱离宽度,采用SPSS17.0软件对OCT检查指标与患者的视力进行相关性分析。主要指标 视网膜浆液性脱离区形态学特征;1、3、6 mm 9个分区视网膜厚度及体积;浆液性脱离区脱离的高度和脱离宽度;患者视力。结果 SD-OCT图像示,所有患眼中出现单纯神经上皮层脱离22眼,单纯视网膜色素上皮层脱离者0眼,视网膜神经上皮层合并色素上皮层脱离者13眼,未见脱离者2眼;患者视力与1 mm视网膜厚度和体积、浆液性脱离区高度、 浆液性脱离区宽度均显著相关（r值分别为-0.406、-0.405、-0.438、-0.389,P均<0.05）,与3 mm四个分区的视网膜厚度及鼻侧和颞侧的体积高度相关（与上方、鼻侧、下方、颞侧的厚度,与鼻侧、 颞侧的体积之间的r值分别为-0.481、-0.462、-0.332、-0.358、-0.461、-0.357,P均<0.05）,与6 mm鼻侧和上方视网膜厚度及体积有一定的相关性（r分别为 -0.428、-0.466、-0.429、-0.468,P均<0.01）,与3 mm的上方、下方体积及6 mm颞侧和下方视网膜厚度及体积相关性不大（P均>0.05）;单纯神经上皮层脱离组(0.50±0.26)与视网膜神经上皮层合并色素上皮层脱离组(0.48±0.15)视力比较无显著差异（P=0.759）。结论 SD-OCT不仅能对CSC患者进行无创伤性的检查、鉴别其视网膜组织形态改变,还可对其病变进行定量的追踪观察辅助疗效评价,对判断患者的视力预后及随访病情变化有一定的指导意义。     

急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变三维光相干断层扫描图像特征

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)是常见的眼底病变,荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)可观察到CSC视网膜色素上皮(RPE)水平的"墨渍"状,"炊烟"状等不同状态的渗漏[1].二维光相干断层扫描(OCT)可显示CSC视网膜神经上皮层和RPE脱离反光带等视网膜横截面图像特征[2],但二维OCT只能反映单一视网膜切面,无法提供整个视网膜神经上皮层脱离区域的RPE脱离状况.     

急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变三维光相干断层扫描图像特征

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)是常见的眼底病变,荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)可观察到CSC视网膜色素上皮(RPE)水平的"墨渍"状,"炊烟"状等不同状态的渗漏[1].二维光相干断层扫描(OCT)可显示CSC视网膜神经上皮层和RPE脱离反光带等视网膜横截面图像特征[2],但二维OCT只能反映单一视网膜切面,无法提供整个视网膜神经上皮层脱离区域的RPE脱离状况.     

急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变三维光相干断层扫描图像特征

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)是常见的眼底病变,荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)可观察到CSC视网膜色素上皮(RPE)水平的"墨渍"状,"炊烟"状等不同状态的渗漏[1].二维光相干断层扫描(OCT)可显示CSC视网膜神经上皮层和RPE脱离反光带等视网膜横截面图像特征[2],但二维OCT只能反映单一视网膜切面,无法提供整个视网膜神经上皮层脱离区域的RPE脱离状况.     

急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变三维光相干断层扫描图像特征

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)是常见的眼底病变,荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)可观察到CSC视网膜色素上皮(RPE)水平的"墨渍"状,"炊烟"状等不同状态的渗漏[1].二维光相干断层扫描(OCT)可显示CSC视网膜神经上皮层和RPE脱离反光带等视网膜横截面图像特征[2],但二维OCT只能反映单一视网膜切面,无法提供整个视网膜神经上皮层脱离区域的RPE脱离状况.     

急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变三维光相干断层扫描图像特征

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)是常见的眼底病变,荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)可观察到CSC视网膜色素上皮(RPE)水平的"墨渍"状,"炊烟"状等不同状态的渗漏[1].二维光相干断层扫描(OCT)可显示CSC视网膜神经上皮层和RPE脱离反光带等视网膜横截面图像特征[2],但二维OCT只能反映单一视网膜切面,无法提供整个视网膜神经上皮层脱离区域的RPE脱离状况.     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的光学相干断层扫描与视力的相关性研究

目的探讨中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变浆液性脱离区的光学相干断层扫描与视力的关系。方法对48例(50只眼)经FFA诊断为中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的患者行OCT检查,对浆液性脱离区进行测量并与视力进行相关分析。结果光学相干断层扫描图像可以清晰显示浆液性脱离性质、部位、高度、宽度。48 例(50只眼)结果分析显示:患者视力与浆液性脱离区的高度、范围、中心凹6．0mm容积有关,与中心凹的厚度无关。结论 OCT能显示中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者的病变直观图像并能观察病情程度。对随访病情变化有指导意义。     

Chorioretinopathia centralis serosa (CCS)

In the acute stage central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is characterized by serous retinal detachment. Monofocal or multifocal structural changes of the pigment epithelium layer are common. Unilateral blurred vision is the major clinical symptom. The pathogenesis is unclear but corticosteroids and stress may trigger the disease. Normal vision often returns spontaneously within a few months. Therapeutic options are at a low evidence level. Carbonic anhydrase, mild laser photocoagulation, selective retinal therapy, photodynamic therapy and the intravitreal injection of bevacizumab have been reported. The authors suggest a treatment strategy on the basis of the available data.     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变危险因素研究进展

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(central serous chorioretinopathy,CSC)是一种脉络膜视网膜疾病,可引起特发性的视网膜浆液性脱离,与视网膜外屏障（血-视网膜屏障）的缺损有关。CSC主要好发于男性,表现为视力下降和（或）视物变形、对比敏感度下降。其发病原因多种多样,本文就CSC危险因素进行综述。     

Central serous chorioretinopathy

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a disease of the retina characterized by serous detachment of the neurosensory retina secondary to one or more focal lesions of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). CSC occurs most frequently in mid‐life and more often in men than in women. Major symptoms are blurred vision, usually in one eye only and perceived typically by the patient as a dark spot in the centre of the visual field with associated micropsia and metamorphopsia. Normal vision often recurs spontaneously within a few months. The condition can be precipitated by psychosocial stress and hypercortisolism. Ophthalmoscopic signs of CSC range from mono‐ or paucifocal RPE lesions with prominent elevation of the neurosensory retina by clear fluid – typical of cases of recent onset – to shallow detachments overlying large patches of irregularly depigmented RPE. The spectrum of lesions includes RPE detachments. Granular or fibrinous material may accumulate in the subretinal cavity. Serous detachment often resolves spontaneously. From first contact, counselling about the potential relation to stress and glucocorticoid medication is warranted. After 3 months without resolution of acute CSC or in chronic CSC, treatment should be considered. Resolution of detachment can usually be achieved in acute CSC by focal photocoagulation of leaking RPE lesions or, in chronic CSC, by photodynamic therapy. The effect of therapy on long‐term visual outcome is insufficiently documented. Reattachment within 4 months of onset is considered a relevant therapeutic target because prolonged detachment is associated with photoreceptor atrophy. This suggests that the value of treatment depends upon proper selection of cases that will not resolve without therapy. Chronic CSC may be difficult to differentiate from occult choroidal neovascularization secondary to CSC. Patients with chronic CSC who receive glucocorticoid treatment for systemic disease can often be managed without having to discontinue this medication.     

全身应用皮质类固醇激素致中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的临床特征

目的 探讨全身应用皮质类固醇激素致中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（CSC）的临床特征,指导临床诊断及治疗。方法 回顾性病例研究。分析经眼底检查、荧光素眼底血管造影（FFA）及光学相干断层扫描（OCT）确诊并结合全身疾病诊断为全身应用皮质类固醇激素致CSC 12例患者的临床资料。结果 12例患者均为双眼发病。眼底检查见视网膜后极部均有神经上皮脱离,伴有色素上皮脱离者6眼,伴有视网膜色素上皮多发性萎缩2眼,伴有黄色纤维素样渗出14眼,伴有大泡性视网膜脱离4眼。FFA后极部见单个渗漏点4眼,多个渗漏点20眼;伴有色素上皮萎缩条带2眼,伴有视网膜下大量积液4眼。OCT检查提示24眼存在单发或多发的神经上皮脱离伴/不伴有色素上皮脱离,其中6例患者有神经上皮脱离伴下方高反射信号。12例患者中,肾脏移植术后2例,多发性硬化3例,系统性红斑狼疮2例,肾病综合征2例,脱髓鞘疾病1例,另外2例患者因发热或者其他原因在当地输注过大剂量激素。结论 全身应用皮质类固醇激素致CSC对患者视力的损害极大,其典型的眼底特征可帮助诊断,对此类患者应定期进行眼底检查,便于早期发现,避免出现不可逆的视力损害。     

Choroiditis in systemic lupus erythematosus: systemic steroid therapy and focal laser treatment

PURPOSE: To report a rare case of choroiditis in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CASE: A 49-year-old woman with a 17-year history of SLE experienced acute vision impairment of her left eye during the remission stage of systemic SLE. Fundus examination revealed a gray-white subretinal exudate with serous retinal detachment. Angiographic examination disclosed choroidal inflammation at the macula and a breakdown of the blood retinal barrier. Retinal burns were applied to the subretinal exudate with an argon laser as in the treatment of central serous retinopathy. Afterward, her visual acuity showed prompt recovery due to the regression of the serous retinal detachment. However, the choroidal inflammation remained until the systemic condition was controlled with steroid therapy. RESULTS: Laser treatment of a subretinal exudate was helpful for the resolution of serous detachment and the prompt improvement of visual acuity, whereas systemic steroid therapy was effective for choroidal inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic steroid therapy is thought to be effective for SLE choroiditis; however, this therapy is also known to cause serous retinal detachment. Thus, in SLE choroiditis, laser photocoagulation at a leakage point, in addition to systemic steroid therapy, may be helpful for the prompt restoration of vision in patients with serous retinal detachment.     

Safety enhanced photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: one-year results of a prospective study

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of a safety enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol with half-dose verteporfin for treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS: Forty-eight eyes of 48 patients with symptomatic chronic CSC underwent indocyanine green angiography guided PDT with half dose (3 mg/m) verteporfin. Outcome measures included logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness, and angiographic changes during the 12-month study period. RESULTS: The mean CSC duration was 8.2 months (range, 3-40 months). At 12 months after PDT, the mean logMAR BCVA improved from 0.31 to 0.15 (P < 0.001). The mean improvement was 1.6 lines and 45 (95.8%) eyes had stable or improved vision. Eyes without pigment epithelial detachment (PED) had significantly greater visual improvement compared with eyes with PED (P = 0.031). Patients with CSC of 6 months or less or younger than 45 years were more likely to gain vision by two or more lines after treatment (P = 0.007 and P = 0.018, respectively). Forty (83.3%) eyes had complete resolution of serous detachment at 3 months, with 43 (89.6%) eyes at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The safety enhanced PDT protocol appeared to be beneficial for patients with chronic CSC. Further controlled study is warranted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this treatment option.     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的光学相干断层扫描

目的 评价光学相干断层成像术(optical coherence tomography,OCT)对中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的诊断及追踪观察的临床使用价值。 方法 对30例(32只眼)中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者分别进行检眼镜、荧光素眼底血管造影、OCT检查。部分病例进行定期的光学相干断层成像术复查。 结果 32只眼中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的OCT图像中,27只眼表现为单纯神经上皮层脱离,2只眼为单纯色素上皮层脱离,3只眼同时存在神经上皮层脱离和色素上皮层脱离。11只眼定期追踪观察的OCT均可动态地观察到液体的吸收和测量到神经上皮层脱离高度的减少。 结论 OCT是一种新的、无损伤性的、非接触性和定量的检查方法。能鉴别中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的神经上皮层脱离和色素上皮层脱离,并能进行定量的追踪观察。 (中华眼底病杂志, 1999, 15:131-134)     

A pilot study of intravitreal bevacizumab for the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (Case reports)

BACKGROUND: We report the use of intravitreal bevacizumab as a new option in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS: Five eyes with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) leaks secondary to CSC received intravitreal bevacizumab (2.5 mg/0.1 cc), and underwent best corrected visual acuity, fluorescein angiography and optical coherent tomography before, 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: All patients showed improvement in visual acuity, fluorescein angiographic leakage, and reduced or resolved neurosensory detachment following treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab was associated with visual improvement and reduced neurosensory detachment without adverse events in patients with CSC. Although these results are promising, further investigations would be helpful to understand this therapy for patients with CSC.