Percutaneous fixation of the medial condyle in bicondylar tibial plateau fractures: novel use of the 3.5-mm medial distal tibia plate

Internal fixation for fractures involving the medial tibial plateau is a controversial topic. Surgical options include buttress plating with antiglide plate, T-shaped proximal tibia plates, external fixation, and isolated screw fixation. Operative management is often complicated by soft-tissue concerns. In this article, we describe a percutaneous surgical technique in which a 3.5-mm medial distal tibia plate, originally designed for distal tibial shaft or pilon fractures, is used in osteosynthesis of the medial tibial plateau. Use of this implant reduces soft-tissue dissection and thereby decreases risk for soft-tissue infection or slough while preventing medial column collapse and varus deformity of the knee. Orthopedic surgeons should consider this novel hardware application as an option for osteosynthesis in certain bicondylar tibial plateau fractures.     

A biomechanical analysis of internal fixation of complex tibial plateau fractures

OBJECTIVE: To compare the mechanical stability of fixation of an unstable bicondylar tibial plateau fracture with several different fixation techniques in a cadaveric model. DESIGN: Randomized laboratory investigation using a simulated bicondylar tibial plateau fracture with metaphyseal-diaphyseal dissociation. SETTING: Complex tibial plateau fractures were instrumented and tested under ramp and cyclic loading conditions on a servohydraulic materials testing machine. Intervention: Each tibia was instrumented sequentially with a lateral buttress plate, a lateral and a medial buttress plate, and a lateral buttress and an anteromedial antiglide plate for ramp load testing. For cyclic testing, one of the three constructs was used on each specimen. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Vertical subsidence of the medial tibial plateau was measured in both ramp and cyclic loading in order to evaluate the three internal fixation techniques. RESULTS: No significant difference was measurable between the dual buttress construct and the lateral buttress/anteromedial antiglide construct. However, the lateral buttress plate alone provided significantly less stability. CONCLUSIONS: A lateral buttress plate with an anteromedial antiglide plate may provide equally effective fixation as compared with the dual buttress plating technique in complex tibial plateau fractures. This less invasive technique may also be associated with fewer complications due to the lack of soft tissue stripping that is required for its application.     

Outcome of tibial plateau fractures managed with calcium phosphate cement

OBJECTIVES: To compare the use of an injectable calcium phosphate cement (Skeletal Repair System (SRS), Norian corporation, Cupertino, CA) and minimal internal fixation with buttress plating and bone grafting for lateral tibial plateau fractures. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis with 13 age, sex and fracture matched pairs of tibial plateau fractures. METHODS: Thirteen patients with lateral tibial plateau fractures treated with buttress plating and bone grafting were matched with 13 patients treated using minimal internal fixation and an injectable calcium phosphate cement (SRS). All patients were followed for a minimum of one year. The operative time, quality of reduction, maintenance of reduction and development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis was compared in both groups. RESULTS: The mean duration of surgery was 101 min in patients treated with buttress plating and bone grafting and 55 min in patients treated with SRS (P < 0.0001). Nine patients in the internal fixation and bone graft group had excellent anatomical reductions as judged on post-operative radiographs but some loss of reduction was observed in 8 of the 13 (61%) cases. All 13 patients from the SRS group had an excellent reduction on post-operative radiographs but 3 (23%) demonstrated some loss of reduction of the plateau. The mean residual plateau depression at one year was 4mm in the buttress plate group and 0.7 mm in the SRS group (P < 0.005). Two patients (15%) in the buttress plate group developed post-traumatic osteoarthritis and required knee arthroplasty. CONCLUSIONS: The use of SRS was associated with more favourable anatomical results than conventional treatment with buttress plating and bone grafting for lateral tibial plateau fractures.     

Management of the Schatzker VI fractures with lateral locked screw plating

Complex proximal tibial plateau fractures need surgical treatment to achieve good clinical results. The treatment of this kind of fractures is often complicated either by the patient’s compromised general conditions, or by soft tissue damage. The locking plate combines the technical advantages of an angular stable plate with those of the modern biological plating technique. From December 2002 to December 2008 we treated 18 patients with complex fractures of the tibial plateau (Schatzker VI). All patients were treated with a fixed angle locking plate, 15 with the LISS (Less Invasive Stabilisation System) and 3 with ZPLT (Zimmer Periarticular Locking Plate system). Average time for full weight bearing was 16.2 weeks. In 3 cases we removed the fixation devices after healing because the patients didn’t tolerate the fixation devices. Two patients developed superficial infections that we treated with antibiotic therapy. In 2 cases the LISS plate broke because of pseudarthrosis at the diaphyseal level. To conclude, analysing the results we obtained, we consider that the LISS system is an extremely effective fixation device for the treatment of such difficult and complicated fractures as high energy tibial plateau fractures certainly are. Indirect reduction of the fracture, obtained either with an external fixator, or with traction, must precede the use of the fixation device. The failures, such as post-op malalignment or loss of reduction, are due to a wrong evaluation of the fracture morphology. In fact, comminuted fractures, dislocation and rotation of the medial tibial plateau cannot be stabilised just with lateral angular stable plates, but fixation of the medial tibial plateau must be performed first.     

Bicondylar tibial plateau fractures: a biomechanical study

The optimal treatment of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures remains controversial. The current study was designed to answer the following questions: (1) can a lateral fixed angle plate provide similar construct stability to dual plating techniques and (2) does the size of the medial buttress plate used in dual plating techniques have an effect on construct stability? Bicondylar tibial plateau fractures were created, reduced, and instrumented in a matched pair design using a cadaveric simulated bicondylar tibial plateau fracture model. Tibias were instrumented with one of three constructs: a lateral periarticular plate and posteromedial small fragment dynamic compression plate, a lateral periarticular plate and posteromedial (1/3)-tubular plate, or a lateral fixed angle plate. Biomechanical testing was done to determine construct stiffness, maximum load to failure, and medial condylar displacement for each of the three constructs. There was no significant difference measured between the two dual plating constructs and the lateral fixed angle plate for overall construct stiffness or with respect to medial condylar fragment displacement. A lateral fixed angle plate may have clinical applications in the treatment of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures.     

Complications associated with internal fixation of high-energy bicondylar tibial plateau fractures utilizing a two-incision technique

OBJECTIVES: Single incision open reduction and double plate fixation of complex tibial plateau fractures has been associated with high wound complication rates. Minimally invasive methods have been recommended to decrease the wound complication rates as compared with open techniques. Additionally, laterally applied fixed-angle devices appear to minimize late varus deformity without the need for additional medial stabilization. Accurate reduction of comminuted lateral and/or medial articular surfaces, however, often requires visualization through an open reduction. This study reports the complications, infection rate, and radiographic assessment of reduction associated with double plating complex AO/OTA 41-C3 tibial plateau fractures utilizing 2 incisions. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical review. SETTING: Urban level 1 university trauma center. PATIENTS: Over a 77-month period, 83 patients were treated for a complex bicondylar tibial plateau fracture at our institution utilizing a 2-incision technique. INTERVENTION: Dual plating using anterolateral and posteromedial incisions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Type and incidence of septic and non-septic complications and radiographic assessment of articular reduction and axial alignment. RESULTS: Eleven fractures were open (13.3%) and classified according to Gustilo as type II (1 patient), type III-A (7 patients), type III-B (2 patients), and type III-C (1 patient). Compartment syndrome was diagnosed and treated with fasciotomies in 12 patients (14.5%). The average time interval from injury to definitive surgical treatment was 9 days. Seven patients developed deep wound infections (8.4%). Three of these had an associated septic arthritis (3.6%). Clinical resolution of infection occurred after an average of 3.3 additional procedures. The presence of a dysvascular limb requiring vascular reconstruction was statistically associated with a deep wound infection (P = 0.006). Secondary procedures for complications included 13 patients who required removal of implants secondary to local discomfort, 5 patients who required a knee manipulation, 2 patients that were managed with excision of heterotopic ossification to improve knee motion, 1 patient that required an equinus contracture release, and 1 patient treated for a metadiaphyseal nonunion. Sixteen patients (19.3%) incurred deep venous thromboses. No patient was diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. Sixty-two percent of patients demonstrated satisfactory articular reductions, 91% demonstrated satisfactory coronal alignment, 72% demonstrated satisfactory sagittal alignment, and 98% demonstrated satisfactory condylar width. CONCLUSIONS: Comminuted bicondylar tibial plateau fractures can be successfully treated with open reduction and medial and lateral plate fixation using 2 incisions. Dysvascular limbs requiring vascular repair are at increased risk for deep sepsis. The use of 2 incisions, temporary spanning external fixation, and proper soft-tissue handling may contribute to a lower wound complication rate than previously reported.     

Treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures using the less invasive stabilization system plate: clinical experience and a laboratory comparison with double plating

BACKGROUND: Bicondylar tibial plateau fractures are complex injuries, historically associated with high complication rates. The purpose of this study was: 1) to evaluate the clinical use L.I.S.S plating system for stabilization of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures. 2) To compare the biomechanics of this plating system with a double plate construct. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-eight patients who sustained a complex tibial plateau fracture (OTA type 41C) at one of three level-one trauma centers were stabilized using the Less Invasive Stabilization System (L.I.S.S.). The cohort of patients was evaluated clinically and radiographically for outcomes at a mean 15 months.In phase 2 of this study a model of a bicondylar tibial plateau fractures was made in six matched pairs of embalmed, human tibia and randomized to fixation with either a L.I.S.S plate or a standard double plate construct. The tibias were then subjected to an axial cyclic load of 500N for 10 cycles (3Hz) to approximate 2 months in vivo and displacements measured. RESULTS: Thirty-six of /38 (95%) patients united at 4 months after surgery with no loss of fixation nor infection. Two patients underwent prophylactic autogenous bone grafting for bone loss and united by 3 months postgrafting. Significant loss of knee range of motion (<90) was seen in five patients.Biomechanically, no differences in permanent inferior displacement of the medial fragment were found in initial axial loading and after 10 cycles between the two plate constructs. However, when loaded to 500N the L.I.S.S plate construct demonstrated almost twice the displacement of the medial fragment compared with the dual plate construct. No specimen lost fixation during cycling. CONCLUSION: The L.I.S.S plating system provides stable fixation of complex bicondylar tibial plateau fractures allowing early range of knee motion with favorable clinical results.     

重组合异种骨加钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折

目的探讨重组合异种骨植骨加钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效. 方法 2001年6月～2003年3月,采用切开复位、重组合异种骨植骨加支持钢板(T型或L型)内固定,治疗胫骨平台骨折32例.男20例,女12例,年龄18～69岁,平均38岁.交通伤23例,坠落伤5例,砸伤4例,均为新鲜闭合性骨折.受伤至手术时间2～7天.术中植骨量2～6 g. 结果全部患者经9～23个月随访,胫骨平台骨折愈合良好,未见关节面下陷,重组合异种骨未见移动、吸收.按Pasmussen评分标准,优16例,良12例,可3例,差1例,优良率达87.5%. 结论重组合异种骨植骨加支持钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折效果良好,避免了取髂骨植骨及其并发症的发生.     

外侧支撑钢板加压螺钉系统治疗胫骨平台双髁骨折

[目的]探讨外侧支撑钢板辅以加压螺钉治疗胫骨平台双髁骨折的效果以及影响手术效果的因素。[方法]回顾性分析本院自2000～2004年收治高能量伤所致胫骨平台双髁骨折患者46例，均采用了切开复位，外侧支撑钢板辅以加压螺钉内固定治疗，通过复查术后关节功能和影像资料判断手术效果。[结果]46例获得随访，平均随访14.4月（12～18个月）。骨折全部愈合，功能评价采用Rasmussen胫骨髁部骨折膝关节功能评分，优良率为84．8％。[结论]外侧支撑钢板辅以加压螺钉治疗胫骨平台双髁骨折，可以提供良好的固定，降低并发症的发生。     

A comparative biomechanical study for complex tibial plateau fractures: Nailing and compression bolts versus modern and traditional plating

Aim

To compare the biomechanical properties of a newly proposed technique, utilizing intramedullary nailing and compression bolts, for the osteosynthesis of intra-articular proximal tibial fractures with meta–diaphyseal comminution, with modern and conventional plating techniques.

Methods

Fifteen left tibia 4th generation composite Sawbones models (in 3 groups of 5 for each technique) with identically reproduced type VI Schatzker tibial plateau fractures, including meta–diaphyseal dissociation, were used. Three different techniques of osteosynthesis were tested: (a) a new technique that combines intramedullary nailing and compression bolts, (b) internal fixation with a single lateral locking plate and (c) internal fixation with dual buttress plating technique. The model-device constructs were successively subjected to 500 N, 1000 N and 1500 N load levels with five cycles applied at each level on both articular compartments and a final load cycle to failure. Four parameters were recorded for each technique: the average reversible or irreversible displacement in vertical subsidence, the horizontal diastasis of the intra-articular fracture, the average passive construct stiffness and the load to failure.

Results

The new intramedullary nailing technique provided rigid intra-articular osteosynthesis being statistically similar to dual buttress plating for subsidence at medium and higher load levels. At the same time the proposed technique provided statistically equivalent stiffness values to the single lateral locking plate incarnating the rational of biologic fixation. Average load to failure was 1611 N for single lateral locking plates, 2197 N for intramedullary nailing and 4579 N for dual buttress plating. The single lateral locking plate technique had the worse results in interfragmentary displacement while dual buttress plating was superior in stiffness from the other 2 techniques. The mode of failure differed between techniques, with collapse of medial plateau occurring exclusively in the single lateral locking plates group.

Conclusion

The proposed new technique of intramedullary nailing and compression bolts demonstrates a flexural behaviour similar to single lateral locking plates, which complies with the terms and benefits of biological fixation, while at the same time maintains a rigid intra-articular stability similar to the stiff dual buttressing plating technique.     

A posterior inverted L-shaped approach for the treatment of posterior bicondylar tibial plateau fractures

Objectives

To present a case series of patients with posterior bicondylar tibial plateau fractures treated by direct exposure and buttress plate fixation through posterior inverted L-shaped approach.

Methods

Between August 2007 and July 2010, eight middle aged patients were identified to have posterior bicondylar tibial plateau fractures. All the eight patients underwent direct fracture exposure, reduction under visualization, and buttress plate fixation through posterior inverted L-shaped approach.

Results

All the cases were followed for an average of 28.1 months (24–36 months). All the cases had satisfactory reduction except one case, which had a 3-mm stepoff postoperatively. None of the complications such as infection, necrosis of the skin incision or the loosening and breakage of the internal fixator occurred. The average radiographic bony union time and full weightbearing time were 11.5 weeks (10–14 weeks), and 13.8 weeks (11–17 weeks) respectively. The average range of motion of the affected knee was from 3.6° to 127.8° at 1 year after the operation.

Conclusions

The posterior inverted L-shaped approach would not involve osteotomy, tendotomy or division of muscles, while allowing satisfied visualization of the entire posterior aspect of tibial plateau and appropriate placement of hardware. This approach is a safe and effective way for the treatment of posterior bicondylar tibial plateau fractures.     

Medial buttress versus lateral locked plating in a cadaver medial tibial plateau fracture model

OBJECTIVE: To compare the mechanical stability of a medial tibial plateau fracture model secured with a lateral locking periarticular plate versus a medial buttress plate in cyclic testing and load to failure. METHODS: Medial tibial plateau fractures were created in 6 matched pairs of fresh cadaveric tibias. In each pair of tibias, 1 side was randomly selected to be fixed with a lateral locking plate on 1 side and the contralateral limb to be fixed with a medial buttress plate. The fixated tibias then underwent cyclic testing followed by single-cycle failure compressive loading. Displacement of the medial tibial plateau was measured in both cyclic and failure testing. RESULTS: Statistical analyses revealed relevant trends in fixation strength during cyclic testing, but neither the mean maximum displacement during nor mean residual displacement after cyclic testing were statistically different between the 2 fixation techniques. Statistically significant differences were observed for the mean forces to failure however. The medial buttress plate construct provided greater fixation strength with its failure force of 4136 +/- 1469 N compared with the lateral locking plate mean failure force of 2895 +/- 1237 N (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In the setting of a vertically oriented fracture in a medial tibial plateau without comminution, the medial buttress plate provides significantly greater stability in static loading, and a trend toward improved stability with cyclic loading. Clinical correlation is necessary to substantiate these findings.     

胫骨平台后内侧劈裂骨折内固定的生物力学研究

目的 比较胫骨平台后内侧劈裂骨折3种不同内固定方式的生物力学性能.方法 将24具人工合成右侧胫骨根据胫骨平台后内侧劈裂骨折形态学特征建立胫骨平台后内侧劈裂骨折模型,随机分成3组,每组8具,分别采用前内侧有限接触动力加压钢板固定(A组)、外侧锁定钢板固定(B组)、后侧T型支撑钢板固定(C组),测量不同内固定组在轴向载荷500、1000及1500 N下的垂直位移和最大失效载荷. 结果 A、B、C组500 N载荷下骨折块的相对位移分别为(0.376±0.022)、(0.268±0.024)、(0.131±0.019)mm,1000 N载倚下相对位移分别为(0.871±0.031)、(0.593±0.039)、(0.437±0.064)mm,1500 N时相对位移分别为(1.460±0.083)、(1.293±0.075)、(0.842±0.117)mm,3组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).A、B、C组失效载荷分别为(2360±217)、(3083±190)、(3545±250)N,3组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 后侧T型钢板固定组抗载荷力学性能稳定性最强,对固定胫骨平台后内侧劈裂骨折有临床意义.     

经腓骨头上入路手术治疗单纯后外侧胫骨平台骨折疗效观察

目的探讨经腓骨头上入路手术治疗单纯后外侧胫骨平台骨折的安全性与有效性。方法回顾性分析自2016-01—2019-10采用腓骨头上入路切开复位内固定治疗的34例单纯后外侧胫骨平台骨折。经腓骨头上入路的切口起自于Gerdy’s结节,向上向后经过腓骨头上缘2 cm处作一个直切口。胫骨平台高度及关节面高度恢复后,取塑形好的L形锁定钢板头部倒置于腓骨头上,位置尽量靠后,在横臂靠后处钻孔置入1枚螺钉固定,钢板长臂置于胫骨平台后外侧,置入螺钉固定。结果 34例均获得随访,随访时间6~24(13.5±6.5)个月。术后骨折愈合时间为(13.7±2.3)周,完全负重时间为(14.9±2.4)周。末次随访时膝关节屈伸活动度为(105.6±20.7)°。末次随访时膝关节功能HSS评分为(88.9±7.2)分,其中优22例,良10例,可2例,优良率94.1%。结论经腓骨头上入路手术治疗单纯后外侧胫骨平台骨折操作简便、安全,不容易损伤膝关节重要血管神经,不破坏膝关节周围骨性结构与韧带,有利于术后膝关节功能恢复。     

Salvage of proximal tibial malunion or nonunion with the use of angled blade plate

Introduction: Single buttress plating laterally was sometimes performed by a few orthopedists to treat complex tibial plateau fractures with medial compartment involvement. However, we might encounter cases with medial compartment collapse due to such treatment. The causes of failure, the technique of the revision surgery, and the methods of prevention were investigated retrospectively. The purpose of this study was to report our clinical results of a retrospectively followed series of patients treated with blade plate fixation for proximal tibial metaphyseal nonunions and malunions which were treated with unilateral plating. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight patients with failed treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures due to single buttress plating laterally underwent the revision surgeries. Removal of the buttress plate, proximal tibial corrective osteotomy, and insertion of an angled blade plate medially were performed. Postoperatively, exercise of the range of motion of the knee was encouraged as early as possible. Results: Twenty-five patients were followed-up for a median of 4.8 years (range, 1.2–6.8), and all fractures healed at a median of 4.0 months (range, 3.0–6.0). The proximal medial tibial angle (PMTA) was corrected to the acceptable range (80–99°) in all 25 patients (P<0.001) and knee function improved in 22 out of 25 patients (P<0.001). Conclusion: For clinical and biomechanical considerations, single buttress plating laterally was unsuitable for complex tibial plateau fractures with medial compartment involvement due to relatively huge compressive loads on the medial compartment. The stability provided by a few screws of the buttress plate laterally was normally insufficient. An angled blade plate could be a useful armament in the management of metaphyseal nonunion and malunions of the proximal tibia. Its better stabilization could normally provide a high success rate.     

Triple plating of tibia in a complex bicondylar tibial plateau fracture

High-energy tibial plateau fracture poses a significant challenge and difficulty for orthopaedic surgeons. Fracture of tibial plateau involves major weight bearing joint and may alter knee kinematics. Anatomic reconstruction of the proximal tibial articular surfaces, restoration of the limb axis （limb alignment） and stable fixation permitting early joint motion are the goals of the treatment. In cases of complex bicondylar tibial plateau fractures, isolated lateral plating is frequently associated with varus malalignment and better results have been obtained with bilateral plating through dual incisions. However sometimes a complex type of bicondylar tibialplateau fractures is encountered in which medial plateau has a biplaner fracture in posterior coronal plane as well as sagittal plane. In such fractures it is imperative to fix the medial plateau with buttressing in both planes. One such fracture pattern of the proximal tibia managed by triple plating through dual posteromedial and anterolateral incisions is discussed in this case report with emphasis on mechanisms of this type of injury, surgical approach and management.     

复杂过伸型胫骨平台骨折的形态特征及手术策略

目的探讨复杂过伸型胫骨平台骨折的形态特征、手术策略及临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2017年10月至2019年1月治疗27例复杂过伸型胫骨平台骨折患者资料,男19例,女8例;年龄23~68岁,平均43.4岁。根据胫骨平台骨折Schatzker分型:Ⅳ型8例,Ⅴ型5例,Ⅵ型14例;三柱理论分型:双柱骨折8例,三柱骨折19例。双髁骨折采用内侧和前外侧入路,内侧Tomofix锁定钢板固定,前外侧"L"型锁定钢板固定;胫骨内髁骨折采用扩大内侧入路,分别于前内侧"T"型钢板固定和内后侧锁定钢板固定;合并胫骨前缘骨折患者采用改良前正中入路,胫骨前缘采用水平带状钢板固定。修复合并软组织或骨损伤。术后和终末随访通过X线片及CT扫描评估骨折愈合、复位情况。采用Rasmussen放射学标准评估胫骨平台骨折复位情况,采用美国特种外科医院(hospital for special surgery,HSS)评分评估术后12个月膝关节功能。结果27例患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间为130~350 min,平均165 min。27例患者均获得随访,随访时间12~24个月,平均15.8个月。所有骨折均获得骨性愈合,骨折临床愈合时间10~18周,平均13.5周。术后12个月Rasmussen胫骨平台骨折复位放射学评分为13~18分,平均16.7分,其中优19例,良8例,优良率为100%(27/27)。术后12个月HSS膝关节评分82~98分,平均93.2分,其中优22例,良4例,可1例,优良率96.2%(26/27)。结论复杂过伸型胫骨平台骨折常出现胫骨双髁骨折、胫骨内侧髁或胫骨前缘骨折,根据不同的骨折位置选择手术入路和固定方式,同时修复韧带软组织结构,重建膝关节稳定性,可取得满意的疗效。     

双切口双钢板加植骨治疗高能量胫骨平台骨折

目的研究双切口双钢板加植骨治疗高能量胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效。方法自2002年3月至2007年3月,对我院收治的32例高能量胫骨平台骨折患者,采用双切口双钢板加植骨的方法进行手术治疗,所有患者术后第1天起即进行膝关节功能锻炼。结果所有患者均获8～36个月随访,平均19．4个月。骨折均获骨性愈合。膝关节功能采用Merchant评分标准评定,优20例,良9例,可3例,优良率90．6％。结论采用双切口双钢板加植骨治疗高能量胫骨平台骨折,应用微创技术避免对胫前皮瓣和骨折端血供过分破坏、正确选择手术时机、术中良好的复位固定和植骨、早期恰当的功能锻炼可提高胫骨平台骨折的疗效。     

Functional outcomes of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures treated with dual buttress plates and risk factors: A case series

ObjectiveAlthough there are different ways to treat bicondylar tibial plateau fractures, treatment remains as a challenge to most orthopaedic surgeons. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of dual buttress plates fixation in treatment of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures and to determine risk factors for outcome.MethodsClinical data for 74 patients with bicondylar tibial plateau fracture were retrospectively reviewed. Dual buttress plates were placed through two incisions. All patients were evaluated both radiographically and clinically according to Rasmussen scores and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores during the follow-up period. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors for functional outcome (Rasmussen functional score).ResultsRasmussen anatomic score was excellent in 34, good in 23, and fair in 17 patients. Sixty-nine patients were followed for a mean of 27 months. Functional results of excellent and good were obtained in 56(81.2%) patients by Rasmussen functional score and in 57 (82.6%) patients by HSS score. Univariate analysis showed Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) fracture type and reduction quality were significantly related to functional results. Multivariate analysis showed that AO fracture type and reduction quality were independent risk factors for outcome.ConclusionDual buttress plates technique provided a favourable quality of fracture reduction and satisfactory clinical function. Appropriate selection for operation chance, limited soft tissue stripping and filling of osseous defects may lessen or prevent serious complications. Fracture reduction quality and AO fracture type were independent risk factors for clinical function.     

经后内侧入路锁定接骨板固定治疗胫骨平台后侧骨折

目的 探讨经膝关节后内侧入路锁定接骨板固定治疗胫骨平台后侧骨折的临床疗效.方法 对23例胫骨平台后侧骨折患者采用经膝关节后内侧入路显露骨折,行锁定接骨板固定.对2例合并严重前外侧平台骨折者加用前外侧入路予以复位固定;对关节面塌陷者予以自体髂骨植骨.术后早期膝关节康复锻炼.结果 患者切口均一期愈合.1例术后并发腘静脉血栓,予以抗血栓治疗后治愈.无其它并发症发生.患者均获随访,时间12～36个月.术后12个月根据膝关节HSS评分标准评定:优17例,良4例,可2例.结论 对胫骨平台后侧骨折采用后内侧入路、锁定接骨板内固定疗效满意.手术入路的正确选择、关节面骨折的解剖复位、坚强有效的内固定是手术成功的关键.