胰高血糖素瘤综合征1例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨胰高血糖素瘤的临床特征及诊治要点。方法 回顾性分析复旦大学附属中山医院2014-07-01收治的1例胰高血糖素瘤病人资料,并结合文献复习。结果 该病人有典型的溶解游走性坏死性红斑、糖尿病、贫血及消瘦等胰高血糖素瘤综合征表现,曾多次误诊为皮炎。腹部CT示胰体尾占位性病变。经胰体尾联合脾脏切除术治疗后,血糖恢复正常,症状体征明显改善。结论 胰高血糖素瘤临床表现复杂,易误诊,影像学检查对诊断有一定帮助,手术切除是其有效的治疗方法。     

胰高血糖素瘤的临床诊治经验

目的 探讨胰高血糖素瘤的临床诊治方法.方法 回顾性分析1993年6月至2008年7月北京协和医院收治的11例胰高血糖素瘤患者的临床资料,其中男性5例,女性6例,年龄38～61岁,平均49.6岁.按发病性别、年龄、误诊情况、临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查、诊断、治疗方法等项目进行分析.结果 11例肿瘤均位于胰体尾部,其中单发10例,合并胰头部肿物l例,平均大小3.9 cm(2.5～6.3 cm);9例发生肝转移;1例无胰外转移,但镜下可见其侵犯胰腺被膜且有淋巴结转移(胰周1/5);1例合并MEN-1.8例行手术治疗的患者均有详细病理报告,5例行免疫组织化学胰高血糖素项检查,除1例合并MEN-1患者的多发胰腺占位中胰头区胰高血糖素阴性,余结果均为阳性;6例病理证实为恶性.所有患者均接受包括手术、动脉介入栓塞化疗、生长抑素或核素等多模式治疗.结论 胰高血糖素瘤是罕见疾病,手术是首选的治疗方法,应用多模式治疗策略叮望改善预后.     

胰高血糖素瘤综合征：附2例报告

结合文献复习并提出胰高糖素瘤综合征诊断标准及治疗方案。报告2例胰高血糖素瘤，1例伴肝转移行胰体尾切除、肝活检，1例伴肝及肋骨转移行胰体尾部分切除，脾、胆囊切除、肝活检。胰高血糖素瘤属胰腺内分泌肿瘤中较为罕见的疾病，本病的主要临床特征为迁移性反复皮疹及舌炎、糖尿病、消瘦、贫血等。治疗原则上以手术切除为主，良性者可获长期治愈，恶性者应辅以化疗。     

胰高血糖素瘤的诊断与治疗

胰高血糖素瘤是临床少见的胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤,它以坏死松解性游走性红斑(NME)、糖尿病、贫血和体质量减轻为特征,其中NME是胰高血糖素瘤最具特征性的临床表现.胰高血糖素瘤最重要的实验室检查依据为空腹胰高血糖素水平,定位及评估肿瘤有无脏器转移需借助各种影像学检查,手术是目前治疗胰高血糖素瘤的主要手段.2013年12月山东省滨州医学院附属医院收治1例胰高血糖素瘤患者,为临床诊断与治疗胰高血糖素瘤积累经验.     

胰高血糖素瘤并肝转移的外科治疗

目的：探讨胰高血糖素瘤并肝转移的诊断、治疗方式和预后。方法：回顾1例肝转移性胰高血糖素瘤患者2次入院临床资料,结合患者胰体尾切除+脾切除术后病史,分析该病治疗的方式选择和预后。结果：该例肝转移性胰高血糖素瘤患者经实验室检查、影像学明确诊断后,行超声刀肝右后叶切除+肝左叶肿瘤局部切除+胆囊切除术后好转出院。术后随访1个月,恢复良好。结论：胰高血糖素瘤术后可并发肝转移,手术治疗为有效手段,预后较好,必要时可行肝移植治疗。

     

胰高血糖素瘤综合征

我院近期收治２例胰高血糖素瘤，均具有典型胰高血糖素瘤综合征且合并肝转移，临床采用生长抑素，输注氨基酸、胰体尾切除及术后化疗等综合治疗。观察表明上述治疗对于皮疹的改善有一定效果，但低氨基酸血症及高胰血糖素水平的纠正不明显，且停药后常有反跳，结合文献，作者对胰高血糖素瘤的一般临床特点和诊治问题进行了介绍。     

胰高血糖素瘤综合征

我院近期收治２例胰高血糖素瘤，均具有典型胰高血糖素瘤综合征且合并肝转移。临床采用生长抑素、输注氨基酸、胰体尾切除及术后化疗等综合治疗。观察表明上述治疗对于皮疹的改善有一定效果，但低氨基酸血症及高胰血糖素水平的纠正不明显，且停药后常有反跳。结合文献，作者对胰高血糖素瘤的一般临床特点和诊治问题进行了介绍。     

胰高血糖素瘤1例报道及文献复习

目的 探讨胰高血糖素瘤的临床特征及诊治方法。方法 报道重庆医科大学附一院新发胰腺胰高血糖素瘤临床案例1例,并对该病相关文献进行复习。结果 胰高血糖素瘤主要来源于胰腺α2细胞,少数来自于胃或十二指肠的氨前体摄取和脱羧细胞,以坏死性溶解性游走性红斑、糖尿病、消瘦、贫血等为主要临床表现,手术疗效理想。结论 胰高血糖素瘤是一种临床上罕见的消化道神经内分泌肿瘤,手术切除是其最为有效的治疗手段。     

腹腔镜胰体尾脾切除术治疗胰高血糖素瘤1例报告

<正>胰高血糖素瘤是一种少见的胰腺内分泌肿瘤,1927年Wilder首次报道,1981~2008年我国资料完整的患者共38例。我院于2010年12月诊治1例胰高血糖素瘤患者,采用腹腔镜胰体尾脾切除术治疗,效果满意,现报道如下。患者女,54岁,以     

G3级胰高血糖素瘤2例报告并文献复习

背景与目的 胰高血糖素瘤是临床上罕见的神经内分泌肿瘤,其临床症状复杂,误诊率高,确诊时多伴有肝转移,给本病的诊断、治疗及预后带来不利影响,G3级胰高血糖素瘤更为罕见,国内外鲜有对于G3级胰高血糖素瘤的文献报道。因此,本研究通过对于2例G3级胰高血糖素瘤的临床资料并结合文献复习,进一步对该病的特点进行总结,评价治疗的安全性与可行性。以期提高对该病的认识,改善患者预后。方法 回顾性分析西安交通大学第一附属医院肝胆外科2020年7月—2021年8月收治的2例G3级胰高血糖素瘤患者的临床资料及国内外G3级神经内分泌肿瘤相关文献,对该病的临床特征、诊疗方法及疗效进行总结、比较。结果 2例患者均有典型的溶解游走性坏死性红斑、口周炎、糖尿病等胰高血糖素瘤综合征表现,曾多次误诊为湿疹并应用中药和激素反复治疗。患者经手术治疗后,皮疹均明显消退,症状体征明显改善,术后均应用奥曲肽（30 mg/次,肌肉注射,1次/4周）治疗。其中患者1应用奥曲肽时有少量皮疹出现,CT提示肝转移瘤进展,2021年8月口服索凡替尼（300 mg/次,1次/d,连续28 d）,2021年9月8日复查上腹部增强CT提示转移灶出现坏死区,但皮疹及口炎症状加重。2021年12月口服卡培他滨（1 500 mg/次,2次/d,连续14 d）联合替莫唑胺（100 mg/次,口服,2次/d,连续5 d）,2022年5月皮疹及口炎症状再现。2022年6月1日行肝动脉插管栓塞术,现仍反复出现坏死性红斑。患者2截至2022年5月无明显皮疹,肝脏病变无进展。结论 G3级胰高血糖素瘤是一种高转移性肿瘤,临床以胰高血糖素瘤综合征为表现,易误诊。腹部增强CT、MRI和生长抑素受体显像对于胰高血糖素瘤的诊断有重要价值。其治疗有赖于手术及其他综合治疗手段。     

牙体牙弓颌骨阻力中心及其临床意义

牙体、牙弓及颌骨的阻力中心在正畸矫治力系统中具有重要的意义,也是正畸学领域争论较多的一个问题。Dermaut等研究表明,当力作用于物体阻力中心时,物体将发生平动,否则将发生平动和转动的复合运动。目前,国内外多数学者认为牙体、牙弓及颌骨存在阻力中心,但其位置存在争议。本文就牙体、牙弓及颌骨的阻力中心及其临床意义作一综述。     

Hazards and complications of endoscopic transurethral ureterolithotripsy and lithoextraction and means of prevention

Complications related to ureterolithotomy and ultrasonic ureterolithotripsy performed under the control of visual endoscope were analyzed in 86 ureterolithiasis patients, methods of their prevention discussed. All the aforementioned complications were distributed into three groups: inapplicability of surgery due to anatomic and functional defects of lower and upper urinary tracts, intraoperative, and postoperative complications. The commonest ones were ureteral abruption and perforation, acute pyelonephritis, temporary vesicoureteral reflux. Their control measures were considered as relative methods of treatment: immediate surgical intervention in case of ureteral abruption, renal catheterization in patients with insignificant ureteral perforation or acute pyelonephritis. Adequate ureteroscopy, careful consideration of pro- and contraindications, catheterization of renal pelvis and urinary bladder performed within 2-3 days after the surgery and adequate antibacterial therapy are the most decisive steps in the control of aforementioned complications.     

Histochemical and contractile properties of striated muscles of urethra and levator ani of dogs and sheep

AIMS: To understand their possible importance in long- and short-term control of continence, some properties of the striated muscles of the urethra and pelvic floor (levator ani) of dogs and sheep were investigated, especially fiber types and contractile characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Striated muscles of urethra and levator ani of 29 male and 6 female dogs and 11 male and 6 female sheep were removed and cut into strips. Some strips were frozen and stained for ATPase at pH 9.4 and 4.3 for fiber typing; others were set up in an organ bath to study contractile responses to nerve stimulation. RESULTS: All muscles contained both type I (slow) and type II fibers, ranging from 97% type II in female greyhound urethra to 60% in female sheep levator ani. For each muscle, there were fewer type II muscles in sheep than in dog. The diameters of the urethral fibers were about 60% of the levator ani in dogs and 34% in sheep. Contraction of the urethral muscle was faster than for levator ani and declined to about 80% of the peak, 500 msec after the beginning of stimulation at 20 Hz. The levator ani contraction rose to a steady level as long as stimulation continued. CONCLUSIONS: Both the levator ani and urethral striated muscles contain slow and fast fiber types. The levator ani muscles are capable of sustained contraction with rapid onset which will produce long-term closure of the urethra. The circular urethral muscle contraction was faster but less well maintained.     

Characterisation and differentiation of chondroblastomas and chondromyxoidfibromas - presence and expression of collagen types I and II

AIM: Chondroblastomas and chondromyxoidfiibromas are rare benign skeletal neoplasms with reported overlapping histology. Aim of this study was to analyse the biochemical composition of the matrix of these tumour entities in order to further characterise the cellular phenotypes of these neoplasms using typical cell biological marker genes. METHODS: The matrix compositions of chondroblastomas and chondromyxoidfibromas were analyzed by HE-histology, histochemistry, and immunolocalization techniques. Cellular gene expression patterns were detected by mRNA in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Chondroblastomas are rich in collagen type I and show foci of an osteoid-like matrix, whereas collagen type II as a typical marker of chondrocytic differentiation was not detected in any of the specimens. Chondromyxoidfiibromas had foci of chondroid appearance with chondroblastic cellular differentiation characterised by collagen type II expression. CONCLUSION: These results characterise chondroblastomas and chondromyxoidfiibromas as skeletal neoplasms that have a different biology and which can be distinguished by matrix protein expression products: collagen type II, the typical marker of chondroblast differentiation, could only be detected in chondromyxoidfibromas, but not in chondroblastomas. Thus, both neoplasms are clearly different on the cell biological level.