改良前后联合入路手术治疗AO/OTA C型Pilon骨折疗效观察

目的探讨改良前内侧入路联合后外侧入路手术治疗AO/OTA C型Pilon骨折的近期疗效。方法笔者自2012-08—2015-06采用改良前内侧入路联合后外侧入路手术治疗26例Pilon骨折,观察手术时间、切口并发症、骨折复位满意度等指标。结果本组均获平均18.4(12~23)个月随访。手术时间平均108(84~132)min。术后发生3例切口延迟愈合,经换药后愈合;骨折解剖复位16例,复位可8例,差2例,优良率92.3%。骨折愈合时间平均18.4(11.2~25.6)周,未发生内固定失效及骨不连等并发症;末次随访踝关节AOFAS踝与后足评分平均83.6(69.4~97.8)分;优10例,良12例,可2例,差2例,优良率84.6%。结论改良前内侧入路联合后外侧入路手术治疗AO/OTA C型Pilon骨折,具有显露充分、切口并发症少、术后踝关节功能恢复满意等优点。     

后外侧联合内侧入路复位固定治疗三踝骨折

目的 探讨后外侧联合内侧入路复位固定治疗三踝骨折的疗效。方法 采用后外侧联合内侧入路复位固定治疗42例三踝骨折患者。记录骨折愈合情况、踝关节活动度和并发症发生情况，采用AOFAS踝-后足评分评价踝关节功能。结果 患者均获得随访，时间12～24个月。骨折均愈合，时间12～18周。无内固定松动、断裂等并发症发生。末次随访时，患者均能完全负重行走，踝关节背伸20°～28°、跖屈40°～48°;采用AOFAS踝-后足评分评定踝关节功能：优35例，良4例，可3例，优良率为92.8%。结论 采用后外侧联合内侧入路复位固定治疗三踝骨折，术中操作方便，视野清楚，便于骨折的复位与固定，踝关节功能恢复良好。     

改良前外侧入路治疗Pilon骨折伴Weber C型腓骨骨折

[目的]介绍改良前外侧入路治疗Pilon骨折伴WeberC型腓骨骨折的手术技术和初步临床效果。[方法]2018年1月一2019年10月,采用改良前外侧入路切开复位内固定治疗Pilon骨折伴Weber C型腓骨骨折16例。该人路走行于胫骨与腓骨前缘之间,向下方延伸至踝关节下方约lcm,成110°弧向内侧至踝关节中线,于腓骨肌和趾长伸肌之间显露腓骨骨折端,锁定接骨板或1/3管型钢板固定;于胫前肌腱内外侧分别显露内侧柱、中柱和外侧柱,内侧和前外侧解剖钢板固定。[结果]所有患者均顺利完成手术,随访(13.44±3.43)个月。除2例患者外,无感染、皮瓣坏死等并发症发生。随访过程中,所有患者均无内固定松动和断裂、骨折复位丢失等并发症。临床骨折愈合时间(13.75±1.75)周。末次随访时A0FAS评分平均(82.94±7.39)分,优4例,良10例,可2例。[结论]踝关节改良前外侧入路治疗Pilon骨折伴WeberC型腓骨骨折,具有显露充分、并发症少等优点,有利于踝关节功能的恢复。     

后内侧手术入路结合前外侧有限切开治疗Pilon骨折

目的探讨后内侧手术入路结合前外侧有限切开治疗Pilon骨折的手术技巧及临床疗效。方法 2010年3月至2015年1月采用后内侧手术入路结合前外侧有限切开治疗胫骨Pilon骨折10例,其中男9例,女1例;年龄24~56岁,平均36.5岁。左侧7例,右侧3例。伤后至手术时间5h~14d,平均9d。病例均为有较大胫骨远端后侧骨折块的闭合性骨折。按AO/OTA分型,43C1型2例,43C2型8例。软组织损伤按Tscherne分度,0度4例,1度4例,2度2例。行前外侧有限切开复位固定腓骨及前外侧骨折块,再经后内侧入路显露复位螺钉固定后侧及内侧骨折块,经皮内侧锁定板支撑固定胫骨远端。结果切口愈合良好。患者随访12~24个月,平均16.5个月。骨折愈合时间12~20周,平均15.1周。按Mazur踝关节评分系统评价疗效,优6例,良2例,可2例,优良率为80%。结论后内侧手术入路结合前外侧有限切开适用于有较大胫骨远端后侧骨折块的闭合性Pilon骨折。该技术能有效显露并复位固定Pilon骨折的后侧及内侧骨折块,减少术中软组织损伤,保护骨折端血供,术后并发症少,疗效优良。     

胫骨pilon骨折治疗中踝关节外侧结构损伤恢复的重要性

目的 探讨踝关节外侧结构稳定性在胫骨pilon骨折治疗中的意义.方法 从2005年7月至2008年1月共收治18例胫骨pilon骨折伴踝关节外侧结构损伤患者,其中男13例,女5例,平均年龄41.3岁.闭合性骨折16例,开放性骨折2例.AO分型:B1型3例,B2型5例;C1型3例,C2型7例.对于12例闭合性胫骨pilon骨折患者,首先采用后外侧切口进行腓骨复位和内固定,接着采用改良前内侧切口进行胫骨Chaput结节的复位和固定,中间关节面以及内侧骨块参照Chaput结节进行复位.对于2例开放性骨折和4例伴有严重软组织损伤或多发伤的闭合性胫骨pilon骨折患者,采用分期手术治疗,一期腓骨切开复位钢板内固定结合内侧胫骨跨踝关节外固定支架固定,对内侧结构只做克氏针或螺钉临时复位固定,二期(平均14 d后)拆除胫骨外固定支架或行胫骨切开复位钢板内固定. 结果 14例患者术后获8～30个月(平均18.4个月)随访,4例失访.14例骨折均获骨性愈合,平均愈合时间为5.4个月.关节面复位评价:解剖复位9例,一般4例,差1例.临床功能评价:优6例,良3例,可4例,差1例.1例开放性胫骨pilon骨折外固定后出现感染,在抗感染治疗后7周更换内固定,同时放置庆大霉素珠链,术后30周骨折愈合. 结论踝关节外侧结构稳定性的恢复在胫骨pilon骨折治疗中极其重要.     

漂浮体位下后外侧联合前内侧入路手术治疗旋后-外旋型Ⅳ度踝关节骨折

目的探讨漂浮体位下采用后外侧切口联合前内侧切口手术治疗Lauge-Hansen旋后-外旋型Ⅳ度踝关节骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2015-10—2017-01采用漂浮体位通过后外侧切口结合前内侧切口入路手术治疗24例Lauge-Hansen旋后-外旋型Ⅳ度踝关节骨折。结果 24例均获得随访,随访时间平均12.5(11~14)个月。术后X线片示骨折复位满意、踝穴对称、内固定位置良好。所有骨折均愈合,愈合时间平均14(12~16)周。末次随访时踝关节功能按AOFAS踝-后足评分量表评价:优17例,良4例,可3例,优良率87.5%,平均86.5(75~96)分。结论漂浮体位下后外侧切口联合前内侧切口手术治疗Lauge-Hansen旋后-外旋型Ⅳ度踝关节骨折可良好显露骨折位置,直视下精准复位、固定骨折,内固定生物力学优势明显,配合镇痛及术后早期踝关节主、被动屈伸功能锻炼,可以取得良好的效果。     

延期联合入路三钢板内固定治疗Pilon骨折合并腓骨骨折

目的：探讨采用踝关节前内侧入路联合后外侧入路延期内固定治疗Pilon骨折合并腓骨骨折的临床疗效。方法：自2016年12月至2018年12月采用踝关节前内侧入路联合后外侧入路三钢板复位固定治疗18例Pilon骨折合并腓骨骨折患者,男12例,女6例;年龄38~51（44.00±3.45）岁;根据Rüedi和Allgöwer分型,Ⅱ型9例,Ⅲ型9例。所有病例为闭合性骨折。术后7 d采用Burwell-Charnley标准对关节面骨折复位情况进行评价,比较术后9、12个月Mazur踝关节评分以评价术后踝关节功能改善情况。结果：18例患者均获随访,时间12~18（14.00±1.57）个月。术后7 d根据Burwell-Charnley标准对关节面骨折复位质量进行评定：优13例,良5例。所有骨折愈合,愈合时间9.5~15（12.00±1.43）个月。所有患者术后无感染、皮肤坏死、内固定松动断裂及骨折复位丢失等并发症。根据Mazur踝关节评分标准,术后12个月（92.11±5.28）分较术后9个月（89.33±5.20）分明显提高（t=7.976,P<0.001）。结论：延期踝关节前后联合入路三接骨板内固定治疗Pilon骨折合并腓骨骨折,术中操作便捷,复位满意,固定持续可靠,术后并发症少,踝关节功能恢复满意。     

前外侧联合后内侧入路治疗合并后髁骨折的复杂胫骨平台骨折

目的探讨前外侧联合后内侧入路钢板内固定治疗合并后髁骨折的复杂胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效。方法自2008-08—2012-12采用前外侧联合后内侧入路钢板内固定治疗31例伴有后髁骨折的复杂胫骨平台骨折,首先取后内侧入路稳定内侧柱,将后髁复位后选用克氏针、螺钉或钢板进行固定;外侧平台骨折采用常规前外侧入路复位固定骨折,存在骨缺损的患者取自体髂骨植骨。结果 31例均获随访10-24个月,平均13.8个月。骨折均获骨性愈合,愈合时间12-16周,平均14.7周。术后12个月膝关节功能HSS评分：优14例,良12例,可5例,优良率83.9%。1例出现小腿内下方感觉麻木,1例发生创伤性关节炎。结论对于合并后髁骨折的复杂胫骨平台骨折,采用前外侧联合后内侧入路钢板内固定是一种良好的手术方式,便于操作,术后疗效满意。     

后方Pilon骨折的诊断及后侧入路T形支撑钢板固定的疗效观察

目的探讨后方Pilon骨折诊断及后侧入路T形钢板内固定治疗该类骨折的手术方法及临床疗效。方法经后外侧、后内侧或联合入路,依次复位塌陷的骨软骨骨折块、后内侧骨折块和后外侧骨折块、T形支撑钢板固定治疗后方Pilon骨折18例。结果 18例均获得随访,随访时间11~36个月,平均16个月,骨折全部愈合,平均愈合时间11周。根据Baird-Jackson(1987)踝关节功能评分系统对术后11个月以上的踝关节功能进行评分:优13例,良4例,可1例,平均94分。结论后侧入路T形支撑钢板治疗后方Pilon骨折效果良好。     

经后外侧入路支撑钢板与后向前拉力螺钉内固定治疗KlammerⅠ型后pilon骨折的疗效比较研究

目的:探讨经后外侧入路支撑钢板与后向前拉力螺钉内固定治疗KlammerⅠ型后pilon骨折的疗效差异。方法:纳入2014年6月至2020年12月行手术治疗的KlammerⅠ型后pilon骨折患者29例。依骨折内固定方式,分为后侧支撑钢板组(钢板组,17例)和后向前拉力螺钉组(螺钉组,12例)。记录骨折愈合情况及术后并发症,末次随访采用美国足踝外科医师协会(AOFAS)评分评估踝关节功能,疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评分评估静息与活动时踝关节疼痛,Burwell-Charnley评分评估骨折复位情况。结果:钢板组手术时间长于螺钉组[(112±20)min vs.(98±17)min,P=0.004]。所有患者随访过程中骨折均愈合,无不愈合、延期愈合,钢板组与螺钉组随访时间[(26.0±6.5)个月vs.(23.1±10.2)个月,P=0.335]及骨折愈合时间[(14.2±2.0)周vs.(14.8±1.8)周,P=0.392]差异无统计学意义。术后钢板组出现后外侧伤口浅表坏死1例,踝关节慢性疼痛1例。螺钉组出现螺钉过长刺激踝前方软组织1例,后外侧切口局部麻木感1例。末次随访静息时钢板组VAS评分(0.4±0.7)分,螺钉组(0.2±0.5)分;活动时钢板组VAS评分(0.5±0.9)分,螺钉组(0.8±1.1)分;静息与活动时两组VAS评分差异均无统计学意义。末次随访钢板组AOFAS评分优于螺钉组[(89.0±6.2)分vs.(83.8±5.0)分,P=0.018]。依据Burwell-Charnley评分系统,钢板组解剖复位17例;螺钉组解剖复位10例,可2例。结论:对于KlammerⅠ型后pilon骨折患者,后侧支撑钢板与后向前拉力螺钉均可有效固定,并获得良好功能恢复。螺钉固定不增加术后并发症风险,且缩短手术时间;钢板固定与后向前拉力螺钉固定相比远期功能恢复更佳。     

Omnidirectional Internal Fixation by Double Approaches for Treating Rüedi-Allgöwer Type III Pilon Fractures

In the present study, we explored the effectiveness and complications of omnidirectional internal fixation using a double approach for treating Rüedi-Allgöwer type III pilon fractures. A retrospective analysis was performed of 19 cases of Rüedi-Allgöwer type III unilateral closed pilon fracture. With preoperative preparation and correct surgical timing, the reduction was performed using anteromedial and posterolateral approaches, and the fracture fragments were fixed by omnidirectional internal fixation. Imaging evaluation was performed using the Burwell-Charnley scoring system. The Johner-Wruhs scoring system was used to assess the functional status of the patients. A comprehensive evaluation of efficacy was performed using a 5-point Likert score. The complications were also recorded and analyzed. All patients were followed up for an average of 16.2 months. The operative incisions of 15 cases healed by primary intent and with delayed healing in 4. All patients had achieved bony union at an average of 16 weeks postoperatively. No deep infection, broken nail or withdrawn nail, exposed plate, or skin flap necrosis occurred. The Burwell-Charnley imaging evaluation showed that 14 patients had anatomic reduction of the articular surface and 5 had acceptable reduction. Using the Johner-Wruhs scoring system, the results were excellent for 8, good for 7, fair for 2, and poor for 2 patients; the combined rate of excellent and good results was 78.9%. The Likert score of efficacy self-reported by the patients was 3 to 4 points for 12 patients, 2 points for 4 patients, and 0 to 1 point for 3 patients. The Likert score of therapeutic efficacy reported by the physicians was 3 to 4 points for 10 patients, 2 points for 5 patients, and 0 to 1 point for 4 patients. Omnidirectional internal fixation using double approaches was an effective method to treat Rüedi-Allgöwer type III pilon fractures with satisfactory reduction and rigid fixation, good joint function recovery, and few complications.     

Postero-medio-anterior approach of the ankle for the pilon fracture

A good view of the operative field is important for better reduction and fixation in surgical treatment of fractures. The exposure of the ankle joint for the pilon fracture is commonly through the anterior approach, or combined with the medical approach. But sometimes it is still difficult to have complete viewing of the articular surface and to apply internal fixation by that approach. In recent years, we developed a "postero-medio-anterior" approach of the ankle joint by one incision. This approach provides an excellent exposure of the anterior, medial and posterior aspects of the ankle joint with a clear view of the articular surface. In our 45 cases of pilon fracture during 1991 to 1995, there was no incisional injury to the neurovascular bundle. Superficial wound edge necrosis was noted in two cases which healed later without further procedure. Therefore, we recommend this approach as a simple and reliable incision for open reduction of pilon fractures.     

两种方法治疗肱骨中下段骨折的疗效比较

目的比较经前外侧入路前外侧和前内侧钢板内固定治疗肱骨中下段骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析45例肱骨中下段骨折患者完整的临床资料,应用经前外侧入路前外侧钢板内固定治疗的21例为Ⅰ组,应用经前外侧入路前内侧钢板内固定治疗的24例为Ⅱ组。比较两组术中出血量、手术时间、肘关节和肩关节功能、术后并发症。结果Ⅰ组随访12~24(17.45±2.75)个月,Ⅱ组随访12~24(17.23±2.63)个月。术中出血量、手术时间两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。骨折愈合时间两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年Mayo肘关节功能评分、Neer肩关节功能评分两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。并发症发生率Ⅰ组高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。结论经前外侧入路前外侧和前内侧钢板内固定治疗肱骨中下段骨折都能取得较好的临床效果,但经前外侧入路前内侧钢板内固定手术时间短,术中出血量少,并发症较少。     

经前外侧改良型切口治疗Pilon骨折

目的 :观察经前外侧改良型切口在Pilon骨折治疗中疗效及并发症。方法 :2012年3月至2014年12月13例Pilon骨折患者采用前外侧改良型切口治疗,男12例,女1例;年龄28~58岁,平均46.3岁;病程18~47 d。按Rüedi-Allg觟wer分型:Ⅰ型4例,Ⅱ型7例,Ⅲ型2例;其中开放性1例,闭合性12例。患者皆因小腿外伤入院,影像学检查显示Pilon骨折,闭合性Pilon骨折均延期手术,跟骨牵引及消肿处理后行前外侧改良型切口治疗Pilon骨折,按Burwell-Charnley放射学复位标准评定手术复位质量,按照AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale标准分别在入院时及末次随访中评定踝关节功能。结果:所有患者术后获得随访,时间6~12个月,平均11.5个月。Burwell-Charnley放射学复位评价:解剖复位11例,尚可复位2例。切口Ⅰ期愈合11例,延期愈合2例(1例为双侧Pilon骨折发生延期愈合)。踝关节功能AOFAS评分由术前的(42.15±17.11)分提高到末次随访的(79.15±11.31)分;优3例,良7例,可3例。结论:经前外侧改良型切口治疗Pilon骨折具有骨折愈合率高、切口感染率低、术后并发症少、踝关节功能恢复满意等优点。     

跟骨牵引与外固定架临时固定分步延期治疗C型Pilon骨折的病例对照研究

目的:比较Ⅰ期跟骨牵引与外固定支架临时固定分步延期切开复位内固定治疗C型Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2017年12月收治的45例Pilon骨折患者的临床资料。其中牵引组24例,男16例,女8例;年龄21～57(38.6±10.5)岁;高处坠落伤18例,车祸伤6例;左侧15例,右侧9例;AO/OTA分型C1型3例,C2型9例,C3型12例;采用Ⅰ期跟骨牵引,Ⅱ期切开复位钢板内固定治疗。外固定组21例,男15例,女6例;年龄19～58(37.8±11.2)岁;高处坠落伤17例,车祸伤4例;左侧11例,右侧10例;AO/OTA分型C1型2例,C2型8例,C3型11例;采用Ⅰ期外固定支架固定,Ⅱ期切开复位内固定治疗。所有患者为闭合性骨折。比较两组患者术前等待时间、住院时间、手术时间、术后并发症、骨折复位情况、骨折愈合时间等,采用VAS评分评价Ⅱ期内固定术前疼痛缓解情况,采用Burwell-Charnley影像学评价标准对内固定术后Pilon骨折复位情况进行评价,采用美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)踝-后足评分系统评价踝关节功能恢复情况。结果:两组患者手术时间、随访时间、骨折愈合时间比较差异无统计学意义。内固定术前跟骨牵引组VAS评分为(3.73±0.87)分,外固定组为(2.67±0.69)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义。牵引组术前等待时间、住院时间分别为(9.20±1.40) d、(12.30±3.60) d,外固定组分别为(7.60±1.50) d、(10.80±2.60) d,两组比较差异有统计学意义。两组并发症例数比较差异无统计学意义。根据Burwell-Charnley影像学评价标准,牵引组解剖复位20例,一般复位4例;外固定组解剖复位18例,一般复位3例;两组比较差异无统计学意义。两组AOFAS评分及疗效评价比较差异无统计学意义。结论:对于C型Pilon骨折,Ⅰ期跟骨牵引或临时外固定支架固定都能起到临时稳定作用,为Ⅱ期内固定手术创造较好的软组织条件,内固定术后能够获得较好的踝关节功能。跟骨牵引操作简单,外固定支架固定虽然会增加手术次数,但有更好的制动效果,在减轻术前疼痛、缩短术前等待时间和住院时间等方面较跟骨牵引更有优势。     

Reduction strategies through the anterolateral exposure for fixation of type B and C pilon fractures

The surgical management of pilon fractures has evolved over the last several years with treatment shifting from acute definitive fixation to delayed fixation. One of the driving forces behind this change was the high incidence of soft tissue complications in those patients with high-energy pilon fractures (Orthopaedic Trauma Association 43B and 43C) managed with acute stabilization. Meticulous soft tissue handling along with delayed definitive fixation based on the soft tissue envelope has decreased the short-term complications associated with treatment of these injuries. Anterolateral exposure to the distal tibial articular surface allows for adequate visualization of most fracture patterns, novel reduction strategies, and successful implant placements. This exposure is useful in certain Type C pilon fractures, anterior and anterolateral Type B pilon fractures, and some extra-articular distal tibial fractures. The anterolateral exposure is not suitable in fractures with medial comminution, medial crush, impaction at the medial shoulder of the joint, segmental medial malleolar injuries, or varus deformity at the time of injury. The exposure has the advantage of excellent visualization of the articular surface up to the medial shoulder of the plafond while avoiding dissection of the anteromedial tibial surface.     

Surgical treatment of open pilon fractures

Objective: To discuss the methods, timing and clinical outcomes of surgical treatment for open pilon fractures. Methods: From April 2003 to July 2008, 28 patients with open pilon fractures were treated. All had type C fractures according to the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für osteosynthesefragen–Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (AO/ASIF) classification. Three operative methods were applied, the methods being determined by the types of fracture, soft tissue damage and time interval after injury. Seven cases were treated by debridement and internal fixation with plate; 19 by limited internal fixation combined with external fixation; and 2 by delayed surgery. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Burwell‐Charnley score. Results: All cases were followed up for from 6 to 48 months (average 24 months). The Burwell‐Charnley score of clinical outcomes: anatomic reduction achieved in 12 cases, functional reduction in 15, and unsatisfactory reduction in 1. The healing time was from 2.5 to 11 months (average 4.7 months). Two cases had delayed union. According to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale for the ankle joint, there were excellent results in 8 cases, good in 14, fair in 5 and poor in 1. Complications included four cases of skin superficial sloughing, two of superficial infection, one of deep infection, two of delayed fracture union and ten of post‐traumatic arthritis. Conclusion: It is important to perform appropriate surgeries for open pilon fracture according to fracture classification, different damage to skin and tissue and time interval after injury. Thorough debridement, proper use of anti‐infective medication, appropriate bone grafting, and postoperative ankle function exercise can reduce the occurrence of complications.     

双钢板夹持固定治疗Rüedi-Allgower Ⅲ型Pilon骨折

目的探讨双钢板夹持内固定治疗Rüedi-Allgower Ⅲ型Pilon骨折的疗效。方法对11例Rüedi-Allgower Ⅲ型Pilon骨折采用胫骨远端双钢板夹持内固定。结果患者术后获8—30个月随访。无骨折延迟愈合及畸形愈合。参照Tometta et al评价标准评价踝关节功能：优7例，良3例，可1例。结论采用双钢板夹持内固定治疗Rüedi-Allgower Ⅲ型Pilon骨折，固定牢靠，有利于踝关节的早期无负重功能锻炼。     

A two-choice strategy through a medial tibial approach for the treatment of pilon fractures with posterior or anterior fragmentation

Objective： The anterolateral approach to the tibia has been popularized for the management of tibial pilon fractures. For complex fracture patterns a com- bined anterolateral/anteromedial approach is suitable but a high rate of complication has been reported. In our retro- spective study a two-choice strategy adopting a medial tibial approach was proposed for the treatment of pilon fractures with anterior or posterior fragmentation. Methods： Based on an anatomic study oftibial pilon fractures, we retrospectively analyzed the fractures with primary posterior, posterior-lateral or anterior, anterior-lat- eral （Tillaux-Chaput） involvement of the distal tibia. This retrospective study consisted of 18 patients with a closed tibial plafond fracture. The inclusion criteria were： （1） pre- sence of an anterior/anterolateral type fragment or a poste- rior （Volkmann） type fragment involving 〉25% of the articu- lar surface, （2） a minimum follow-up of 12 months, （3） a fibula fracture associated with a medial colunm fracture of the distal tibia, and （4） soft tissue conditions at the time of opera- tion that did not compromise the choice of surgical access （Tscheme classification for closed fractures： grade 0 and grade 1）. Tibial plafond fractures were classified into two groups： one presenting anterior and the other with poste- rior rim （Volkmann） fragments. Results： Most patients achieved a good clinical re- covery in terms of range of motion and Olerud-Molander scale scores. Only three patients presented a grade 2 os- teoarthritis at the 12 month follow-up. Conclusion： Our two-choice strategy highlights con- cepts which have been previously debated and described in the literature. But a new extended protocol for surgical approach to the distal tibia, including more fracture pat- terns and their association should be further investigated.