肿瘤标志物在胃癌患者中的诊断及预后价值

目的 探讨肿瘤标志物CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4及CA242在胃癌诊断及预后判断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2002-2007年间在北京肿瘤医院就诊的160例胃癌患者血清肿瘤标志物、临床病理参数以及预后资料.结果 160例胃癌患者中CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4及CA242的初诊阳性率分别为37.7％、26.7％、37.6％及21.3％,4种标志物联合检测阳性率为62.9％.CEA阳性与淋巴结转移有关（P=0.029）;CA72-4阳性与脉管浸润及Ⅲ、Ⅳ期胃癌有关（P=0.039,P=0.011）.CA19-9阳性和阴性患者中位生存期分别为17.0和32.0个月,CA72-4阳性和阴性患者中位生存期分别为14.8和37.5个月,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.多因素生存分析提示,CA72-4可以作为独立预后因子（P=0.012）,CA72-4阳性患者的死亡危险系数是阴性患者的2.147倍.结论 肿瘤标志物CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4及CA242在胃癌患者的诊断和预后判断中有重要价值,联合检测可提高阳性率;其中CA72-4可以作为独立预后因子,CA19-9及CA72-4与胃癌患者预后相关.     

Risk factors for liver metastases after curative surgical procedures for gastric cancer: a prospective study of 208 patients treated with surgical resection

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of liver metastases after radical surgical treatment for gastric cancer, the potential risk factors involved, and the sensitivity of serum tumor markers during followup. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 208 patients who had undergone curative resection for primary gastric cancer and a prospective followup protocol were studied. The association between clinicopathologic variables and hepatic recurrence was investigated using standard univariate methods and multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean followup time (+/- SD) for the entire patient population was 51 +/- 38 months (median 52 months) and was 88 +/- 24 months (median 81 months) for disease-free patients. Recurrence of gastric cancer was documented in 109 of 208 patients (52.4%). Liver metastases were found in 28 of 208 patients (13.5%); in most of these patients (82.1%) diagnosis was made within 2 years after surgical treatment. The estimated cumulative risk of liver metastases after 5 years was 16.4%. Cox regression analysis identified lymph node involvement (adjusted relative risk [RR] = 6.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.11 to 18.70, p = 0.001), preoperative positivity for CEA, CA 19-9, or CA 72-4 (RR = 5.18, 95% CI = 1.75 to 15.37, p = 0.003), and intestinal histotype (RR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.06 to 8.96, p = 0.039) as independent predictors of hepatic recurrence. In 27 of 28 cases hepatic recurrence was associated with an increase in CEA, CA 19-9, or CA 72-4 serum levels above the cutoff, either before or at the time of the clinical diagnosis (sensitivity 96.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative positivity for serum tumor markers, lymph node involvement, and intestinal histotype are risk factors for liver metastases after radical surgical treatment for gastric cancer. Postoperative measurement of serum tumor markers may be useful for an early diagnosis of hepatic recurrence during followup.     

Significance of Serum Tumor Markers Carcinoembryonic Antigen, CA 19-9, CA 125, and CA 15-3 in Pre-Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Evaluation

Tumor markers are elevated in a variety of nonneoplastic clinical situations, including liver diseases. Their sensitivity and specificity are lower for tumor screening in these cases. In this study, we investigated the frequency and significance of elevated tumor markers in the pre-orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) evaluation among patients with end-stage liver disease who did not develop tumors after a long follow-up post-OLT. We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and biological parameters of 100 OLT candidates comparing data for CA 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. CA 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and CEA levels were elevated in 59%, 53%, 29%, and 28% of cases, respectively. CA 125, CA 15-3, and CEA were associated with disease severity (Child-Pugh classification). CA 125 was also elevated among patients with ascites, esophageal varices, or alcohol-related cirrhosis. Elevated CA 19-9 levels were associated with increased CA 15-3 and CEA levels. CA 15-3 levels were also increased among patients with elevated alkaline phosphatase, while elevated CEA was related to ascites, bilirubin, and prothrombin time (PT) levels, as well as alcohol-related cirrhosis. There was no association between hepatocellular carcinoma and tumor markers. In conclusion, CA 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and CEA were frequently elevated among end-stage liver disease patients. These elevations were not associated with tumor diseases in this population.     

胃癌患者术前血清和唾液中肿瘤标志物测定的临床价值

本文旨在探讨胃癌患者术前血清和唾液中肿瘤标志物测定的临床价值以及标志物联合应用的意义。方法:采用放射免疫分析法检测40例胃癌病人、12例胃溃疡病人及21名正常人血清和唾液中CEA、CA50、CA19-9、CA72-4及MgAg的含量。结果:上述标志物中以血清CA72-4(55.0％)和唾液Mgag(67.5％)最为敏感。在相关性的研究中,血清CA19-9与胃癌的相关性最好。标志物联合应用中,敏感性最好的是合用唾液CA50和唾液MgAg(82.5％),特异性最好的是合用血清CA72-4和唾液CA19-9(83.3％)。结论:血清CA72-4可用于良恶性胃病的鉴别诊断。血清CA19-9与胃癌情况的相关性最好。可用于评估病人的预后。另外,标志物的联合应用明显优于单一应用。唾液肿瘤标志物有一定的临床应用价值,可以是胃癌流行病学调查的一个简便、经济和无损伤性方法。     

术前血清CEA和CA19-9水平检测对结肠癌术后早期复发转移的预测价值

目的:探讨术前血清CEA与CA19-9水平在结肠癌根治术后早期复发转移的预测价值。方法:收集2012年1月—2015年1月收治的129例术后发生复发转移结肠癌患者的临床资料,分析术前静脉血清CEA和CA19-9水平与患者术后早期复发转移及其他临床病理学参数的关系。结果:129例结肠癌患者中术后早期复发转移(术后12个月内)82例,晚期复发转移(超过12个月)47例;术前CEA阳性者74例中,早期复发转移56例(75.8%),术前CA19-9阳性者68例中,早期复发转移51例(75.0%)。统计分析显示,结肠癌术后早期复发转移与术前CEA与CA19-9阳性密切相关;术前CEA和CA19-9阳性患者与T分期与TNM分期升高及淋巴结转移及脉管浸润比例增加;术前CEA与CA19-9阳性患者术后早期复发转移率分别高于各自阴性患者,且两者均阳性患者早期复发转移率高于单一阳性或双阴性患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:术前血清CEA与CA19-9水平检测在结肠癌术后早期复发转移和预后判断中具有重要价值,术前两者均阳性患者预后差。     

四种血清肿瘤标志物联合检测对大肠癌临床意义的探讨

目的：探讨CEA、CA19-9、CA242和CA72-4四项血清肿瘤标志物在大肠癌的诊断、手术疗效评价和术后检测的临床价值。方法 应用免疫放射分析法测定80例大肠癌患者和50例大肠良性疾病患者的CEA、CA19-9、CA242和CA72-4等4项血清肿瘤标志物,并随访2年。结果 4种血清肿瘤标志物CEA、CA19-9、...     

Tumor markers in the diagnosis and follow-up of head and neck cancer: Role of CEA,CA 19-9, SCC,TK, and dttpase

The clinical relevance of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), thymidine kinase (TK), and deoxythymidine-5′-triphosphatase (dTTPase) as tumor markers in the diagnosis and follow-up treatment of 26 patients with head and neck cancer is evaluated. Serum levels prior to treatment were found elevated just above the upper limit of normal in 46% (SCC), 15% (CEA), 12% (CA 19-9), 27% (TK), and 39% (dTTPase) of all patients. If all markers were taken into account, they were elevated in 73% of the untreated patients. However, only in a few cases were the tumor marker values elevated significantly (8%–12%). No significant correlation was detected between serum levels and tumor localization, staging, grading, or performance status for any of the markers. In the follow-up none of the markers tested revealed any disease-related information despite therapy variation. Patients with originally elevated marker levels showed decreasing and in some cases increasing values after primary therapy, although no tumor recurrence was detected. Even considering the results as preliminary due to the rather small sample size, they suggest that the routine assessment of CEA, CA 19-9, SCC, TK, and dTTPase serum levels is of limited practical value.     

肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA242、CEA和CA125联合检测在胰腺癌诊断中的意义

目的 探讨肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA242、CEA和CA125单项检测和联合检测对胰腺癌患者的临床诊断价值.方法 检测48例胰腺癌患者以及48例健康体检者外周血清中四种肿瘤标志物的水平,并对结果进行分析.结果 胰腺癌患者血清中CA19-9、CA242、CEA与CA125的含量显著高于正常时照组,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).单项检测时CA19-9、CA242、CEA与CA125的敏感性分别为79.2%、54.2%、50.0%和35.4%.特异性分别为87.5%、89.6%、79.2%和70.8%.联合检测时敏感性为93.8%,特异性为100%.结论 CA19-9、CA242、CEA与CA125联合检测敏感性和特异性都明显高于单项检测.联合检测较单项血清标志物检测能提高胰腺癌的诊断率.     

The predictive of tumour markers CA 15-3, TPS and CEA in breast cancer recurrence

The predictive values of tumour markers Carcinoma-Associated Antigen CA 15-3, Tissue Polypeptide Specific Antigen (TPS) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in recurrence of breast cancer are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the predictive value of these markers in our population of 1448 patients with diagnosed breast cancer. Data and mean follow-up of 4.4 years were available on 1082 women of whom 277 had documented recurrence (mean follow up 5.7 years). The recurrence free patients had a mean follow up of 3.9 years. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of CA 15-3, TPS and CEA for visceral, bony and locoregional recurrence were calculated. CA 15-3 was the most sensitive marker, 68% for visceral and 69% for bony recurrence. This compared with TPS, 64% and 51% and CEA, 27% and 46% for visceral and bony recurrence respectively. The positive predictive value of CA 15-3 at 47% for visceral and 54% for bony recurrence was greater than that for TPS (visceral 25%, bony 21%) or CEA (visceral 18%, bony 26%). The sensitivity of CA 15-3 and TPS for locoregional recurrence was low at 23% and 17% respectively. A combination of CA 15-3, TPS and CEA failed to increase the sensitivity of CA 15-3 for visceral recurrence. However, a marginally increased sensitivity was recorded for combined CA 15-3 and TPS (70%) and for combined CA 15-3, TPS and CEA (71%) in bony recurrence. The mean lead time effect in visceral recurrence for TPS and CA 15-3 were 8 and 10 months respectively. In patients with bony recurrence the mean lead time effect for TPS and CA 15-3 were 7.5 and 8.25 months. Mean lead time effect was increased to 9 and 11 months for bony and visceral recurrence respectively when CA 15-3 and TPS were combined. CA 15-3 remains the most sensitive tumour marker in breast cancer follow up with a significantly greater positive predictive value when compared to TPS or CEA. Both TPS and CEA failed to complement the sensitivity of CA 15-3 when measured in combination.     

Prognostic Value of CEA and CA 19-9 Tumor Markers Combined with Cytology from Peritoneal Fluid in Colorectal Cancer

Background  Early diagnosis and management of peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer patients are difficult clinical challenges. The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical significance of tumor markers and cytology in peritoneal effusions (PE) and peritoneal irrigation fluid (PI) and to determine their value as prognostic indicators in this disease. Methods  Two hundred thirty-four consecutive patients who underwent abdominal surgery for colorectal cancer from January 2006 to December 2007 were included, and tumor markers and cytology in PE and PI were analyzed prospectively. Results  The incidence of free cancer cells retrieved from peritoneal samples was 7.9%. Cytology was positive in 40.0% by Papanicolaou and Giemsa staining, 73.3% by hematoxylin and eosin staining of cell blocks, and 66.7% by carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and calretinin immunohistochemistry. Multivariate analysis revealed that peritoneal CEA and cancer antigen (CA) 19–9 in PI were correlated with peritoneal metastasis and cytology. Level of peritoneal fluid CEA was statistically significantly correlated with recurrence and peritoneal metastatic recurrence in patients with negative peritoneal cytology. Cytology, peritoneal CEA, and peritoneal CA 19-9 showed correlations with cancer-free survival and overall survival. Conclusions  These correlations demonstrate the importance of continuous follow-up of peritoneal metastasis if there is positive cytology or an increase in CEA and CA 19-9 in peritoneal fluid.     

The characteristics of the serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels in gastric cancer cases

Purpose

Although carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 are the most commonly used tumor markers in gastric cancer, the differences in the characteristics of these two markers remain unclear, because most previous studies have included many patients who were positive for both markers.

Methods

We analyzed the available data on 1050 patients with gastric cancer who underwent R0 resection. The background characteristics and recurrence-free survivals (RFS) were compared between the single-positive patients for CEA or CA 19-9 and double-negative patients.

Results

Among these 1050 patients, 86 patients (8.2 %) were positive for CEA only, 77 patients (7.3 %) were positive for CA 19-9 only, and 867 patients (82.6 %) were double negative for both markers. Patients who were elderly, male and had a differentiated histology were more commonly observed in the CEA-positive group than in the double-negative group (P = 0.004, P = 0.009, and P = 0.001). The patients who were positive for either CEA or CA 19-9 had a significantly worse RFS than the patients who were negative for both (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001). The most frequent site of recurrence was the liver (9.3 %) in the CEA-positive group and the peritoneum (11.7 %) in the CA 19-9-positive group.

Conclusion

Age, sex, and histological type were thus found to be associated with CEA positivity. CEA is, therefore, considered to be a sensitive marker for liver recurrence, while CA 19-9 is a sensitive marker for peritoneal recurrence.

     

GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER FOLLOW-UP: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEQUENTIAL CEA,TPA AND CA 19–9 EVALUATION IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF RECURRENCES

One-hundred and seventy-four consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for gastric and colorec-tal cancer between 1983 and 1985 were studied prospectively to evaluate the roles of sequential carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and Ca 19–9 determinations and independent clinical examinations, in the early diagnosis of resectable recurrences. Sixty-six recurrences (33 from gastric and 33 from colorectal cancer) were detected between 6 and 42 months after primary surgery. In gastric cancer CEA, TPA and Ca 19–9 showed a sensitivity of 64%. 73% and 60% respectively and a specificity of 67%. 65% and 54% respectively. Nine patients (27%) underwent surgical treatment for recurrent disease, and four of these (44.4%) had resectable recurrence, for a total resectability rate of 12%. Of these four patients, three are still living after 12, 36 and 44 months respectively from re-operation without evidence of neoplastic disease. In one of these patients, re-operation was performed on the basis of the elevation of the three markers, without any other clinical sign of disease. This patient had a resectable solitary hepatic recurrence. In colorectal cancer, CEA, TPA and Ca 19–9 showed a sensitivity of 73%. 73% and 49% respectively, and a specificity of 77%. 87% and 97% respectively. Fourteen patients (42.4%) underwent surgical treatment for recurrent disease and eight of these (57%) showed resectable recurrence, for a total resectability rate of 24.2%. Six patients are still living after 9, 16, 21, 31, 41 and 53 months respectively from re-operation without evidence of neoplastic disease. In four cases the rises of the three marker levels was the one sign of recurrent disease. In one case, the operation revealed a peritoneal carcinomatosis, and in the other three cases resectable hepatic metastases were found. All these three patients are still living and disease-free. In 46 cases, the rise in the value of CEA (35 cases) and/or TPA (34 cases) and/or Ca 19–9 (28 cases) was the first sign of recurrence. and the diagnosis was established later by clinical methods. In this group. the median time for diagnosis of recurrence, based on increase in initial markers comparison with routine clinical and instrumental follow-up (lead time), was 3 months for liver metastases and 4 months for disseminated metastases. The results of our study indicate that a follow-up programme based on CEA, TPA and Ca 19–9 assays is related to an early diagnosis and good resectability rate for recurrent gastric disease.     

Is it reasonable to add preoperative serum level of CEA and CA19-9 to staging for colorectal cancer?

BACKGROUND: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) are the most common tumor markers for colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of adding them into the current staging system by analyzing their prognostic significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population was patients (n = 574, 67.1 +/- 11.3 years old, 397 males) who received potentially curative resection of colorectal adenocarcinoma (stage I-III) between January 1994 and August 2002, including preoperative measurements of CEA and CA19-9. Clinicopathological characteristics and associated follow-up data were retrospectively collected by reviewing available medical charts. CEA higher or equal to 5 ng/ml was defined as abnormal (CEA+). The CA19-9 level was set at 37 U/ml (CA19-9+). Patients were further divided into four groups (1, 2, 3, 4) according to the results of these two markers (CEA/CA19-9: -/-, -/+, +/-, and +/+). Survival was analyzed for AJCC staging, CEA (+) versus (-), CA19-9 (+) versus (-), and four groups. RESULTS: CEA and CA19-9 survival curves were not significantly different. However, the combined use of the two markers revealed a significant survival benefit (P = 0.035) of group 1 ("-" for both markers) over 4 ("+" for both) in stage II. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with an elevated level of both CEA and CA19-9 in stage II of colorectal cancer have a significantly poorer prognosis than those with normal levels of these markers. We recommend adding both CEA and CA19-9 to the current staging system.     

Comparative Analysis of Predictive Biomarkers for Therapeutical Strategies in Colorectal Cancer

Background Prognostic information regarding the risk of postoperative tumor recurrence defined by a profile of serological, morphological and/or molecular markers can have potential value, particularly for patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) of the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) stage II/III who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. Methods A retrospective study of 783 patients with CRC (UICC I–III) including a subgroup analysis of 116 subjects was conducted to determine preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, and p53 serum levels. In addition, protein and gene expression of p53, CEA, and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) was assessed in the tumors of those patients. The values of all serological, morphological, and molecular parameters were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics for their predictive value of tumor recurrence over a mean follow-up period of 32 ± 6.2 months. Results Serum CEA but not CA 19-9 or p53 was a significant prognostic factor for disease-free survival, along with UICC and T/N stage. When comparing elevated CEA, CA 19-9, and p53 serum levels with expression of the markers in the tumors, their overall expression was found to be 61.3% in the serum versus 93.5% in the tumor in analyzed patients (n = 116). In particular, all patients in UICC stages I–III who demonstrated at least three elevated markers (CEA/CA 19-9/p53) in serum and/or in the tumor presented with tumor recurrence/metastases. Conclusion Overall increased p53, CEA, and CA 19-9 serum levels and their marker expression in the tumor may be used at the time of primary tumor removal for defining patients at risk for tumor recurrence. Martin Gasser and Christiane Gerstlauer are Co-first authors     

血清微小RNA34a联合癌胚抗原、糖链抗原72-4预测胃癌根治术后早期复发转移

目的探讨血清微小RNA34a（miR-34a）联合癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖链抗原72-4（CA72-4）检测在胃癌根治术后早期复发转移的预测价值。 方法选择2014年6月至2015年8月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院收治的胃癌患者126例,根据胃癌根治术后随访结局分为复发转移组58例,未复发转移组68例。荧光定量PCR检测血清miR-34a表达水平,电化学发光免疫分析法检测血清CEA、CA72-4水平。单因素分析miR-34a、CEA、CA72-4水平与患者临床病理特征的关系,Cox多因素分析影响胃癌根治术后复发转移的独立危险因素,ROC曲线评估各指标对胃癌根治术后早期复发转移的预测价值。 结果与未复发转移组相比,复发转移组患者血清miR-34a表达水平更低（t=6.142,P<0.001）,血清CEA和CA72-4水平更高（t=17.985、21.415,均P<0.001）。血清miR-34a（P=0.013）、CEA（P=0.013）、CA72-4（P=0.011）、淋巴结转移（P=0.048）是影响胃癌患者复发转移的独立危险因素。三种指标单独检测比较,CA72-4敏感度最高（94.8%）,miR-34a最低（70.7%）;miR-34a的特异度最高（94.1%）,CA72-4最低（73.5%）。血清miR-34a、CEA、CA72-4联合预测胃癌术后早期复发转移的曲线下面积为0.954（95%CI：0.923~0.985）,敏感度为87.9%,特异度为89.7%。 结论血清miR-34a在胃癌根治术后早期复发转移患者中表达下调,而血清CEA、CA72-4水平升高,三者联合检测可为预测胃癌根治术后早期复发转移提供重要的参考。     

Effect of hemodialysis on the concentration of the seven tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen, neuron-specific enolase, CA 125, CA 19-9 and CA 15-3 in uremic patients.

The incidence of the 7 tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), CA 125, CA 19-9 and CA 15-3 was studied before and after hemodialysis (HD) in 144 uremic patients who had no malignancies. Before HD, of all tumor markers, the mean concentration of SCC only exceeded the normal value. The positive rate was highest in SCC (95.1%), and that of CEA and NSE was 25.7 and 10.6%, respectively. However, AFP was within the normal range in all cases. Among CA antigens, the positive rate of CA 125 was 7.6%, of CA 19-9 was 6.3% and of CA 15-3 was 3.5%. After HD, the incidence as well as the mean concentration of all tumor markers increased. A parallel increment of total protein was observed after HD. The membrane filter used in HD appears to be insufficient to remove tumor marker proteins during HD. It is necessary to consider the clinical interpretation of elevated tumor markers in patients with uremia.     

Precystectomy serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 125, and carcinoembryonic antigen: Prognostic value in invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

ObjectivesTo evaluate the prognostic value of precystectomy carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA 125), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB).Methods and materialsPreoperatively collected serum samples from patients with invasive UCB who underwent radical cystectomy between 2004 and 2009 were used to measure CA 19-9, CA 125, and CEA levels. Laboratory cutoff points were used to define elevated marker levels (CA 19-9>37 U/ml, CA 125>35 U/ml, and CEA>3.8 U/ml). The Cox regression model was used to identify independent predictors of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 186 patients with the mean age of 69 years (range: 36–89) and median follow-up of 4 years (range: 0.1–7.2) were included in the study. Overall, 94 (51%) patients had pathologic organ-confined disease (≤T2) and 92 (49%) had pathologic locally advanced UCB (pT3–T4 or positive lymph node or both). The mean CA 19-9, CA 125, and CEA levels were 11.6 U/ml (range:<0.6–111), 11.5 U/ml (range: 3–56), and 2.2 ng/ml (range: 0.3–30.2), respectively. Levels of CA 19-9, CEA, and CA 125 were elevated in 7 (3%), 25 (13%), and 3 (1%) patients, respectively. Median 3-year RFS and OS were 72%. Using the multivariate Cox regression model, elevated levels of CA 19-9 and CEA were found to be independent predictors of worse 3-year OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.7, P = 0.05 and HR = 2, P = 0.03, respectively), and an elevated level of CA 19-9 was an independent predictor of worse 3-year RFS (HR = 2.8, P = 0.05). Precystectomy CA 125 level was not associated with oncological outcome.ConclusionsElevated precystectomy serum levels of CA 19-9 and CEA are independent predictors of worse oncological outcome in patients with invasive UCB. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of these markers in the management of UCB.     

Significance of CEA and CA 19-9 for after care of curatively resected colorectal cancers]

The monitoring of CEA is valuable in the follow-up after curative resection of colorectal cancer and contributes to the early detection of local recurrence and distant metastases. The simultaneous detection of the CA 19-9 does not lead to a substantial advantage. The recurrences and especially the metastases detected by the monitoring of the tumour markers frequently are unresectable. In patients with elevated tumour markers without other evidences of recurrence or metastases the indication for a second-look operation should be considered cautious because elevated tumour markers are found in patients with benign diseases also.     

Diagnostic and prognostic values of CA 19-9 and CEA in periampullary cancers

BACKGROUND: The roles of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) in periampullary cancers have not been clearly established. Diagnostic and prognostic values of these two tumor markers were clarified in this study. STUDY DESIGN: Preoperative serum levels of CEA and CA 19-9, and clinicopathologic features were retrospectively reviewed in 143 surgical patients with periampullary cancer from 1989 to 1997. RESULTS: There were 86 resectable and 57 unresectable periampullary cancers. CA 19-9 demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity in detecting these cancers than CEA. The cancer with unresectable lesion, total bilirubin >7.3 mg/dL, or tumor size >2 cm tended to associate with higher CA 19-9 level. CEA level was significantly higher in the tumor >2 cm, not in the tumor < or =2 cm. CA 19-9 was a significant prognostic factor in both resectable and unresectable periampullary cancers, but CEA was significant only in the resectable group. Multivariate analysis revealed that independent prognostic factors included CA 19-9, resectability, primary tumor, and stage, and CA 19-9 was the most important one. CONCLUSION: CA 19-9 provided more important diagnostic and prognostic values than CEA in periampullary cancers and was the most important independent prognostic factor for periampullary cancers. This study recommends serum CA 19-9 as an adjunct in detecting periampullary cancers, in evaluating resectability, and in predicting prognosis.     

胃癌和大肠癌患者血清肿瘤标志物联合检测的临床意义

目的评价血清肿瘤标记物联合检测对胃癌和大肠癌诊断和监测的价值.方法用PC-12多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统检测179例胃癌和大肠癌患者、82例胃和结直肠良性疾病患者及160例健康人血清中12种常见肿瘤标志物CA19-9、NSE、CEA、CA242、铁蛋白（Ferritin）、Beta-HCG、AFP、free-PSA、PSA、CA125、HGH、CA153的水平.结果肿瘤组的肿瘤标志物水平显著高于良性疾病组及健康组（P＜0.01）,其中CA19-9、CEA、CA242、CA125和CA153 5项在胃癌和大肠癌患者中水平较两对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.采用平行检测法,可以提高检测的敏感度（72.07%）和阴性预测值（79.25%）;采用系列检测,可提高检测的特异度（92.15%）和阳性预测值（84.67%）.肿瘤根治术后,肿瘤标记物水平显著下降.术后未降至正常者,复发或转移率为68.89%,而术后再升高者复发或转移率为77.78%.结论多种肿瘤标记物对胃癌和大肠癌的诊断、监测肿瘤复发和转移有一定的价值.