VHL病一例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)病的临床和影像学特点,提高对本病的认识.方法 VHL患者1例.患者男,50岁,因无痛性全程肉眼血尿伴视物模糊5个月入院.影像学及眼底镜检查诊断双肾多发性肿瘤,肾囊肿,胰腺囊肿,肝囊肿,右眼视网膜血管瘤.12年前有小脑血管母细胞瘤手术史,无家族史.结果 行左侧保留肾单位肿瘤切除术(肿瘤5枚),肿瘤最大约3.5cm×3.5 cm,病理报告肾多发性透明细胞癌.术后口服索尼替尼治疗.随访4个月,肾功能正常,右肾肿瘤缩小.结论 VHL病是一种家族性常染色体显性遗传性肿瘤病,病变表现为中枢神经系统血管母细胞瘤、内脏肿瘤和内脏多发囊肿等.全面的影像学检查是诊断和随访的重要手段.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features of von Hippel-Lindau disease to raise awareness of the disease. Methods The clinical and imaging data of a case of VHL patient were analyzed retrospectively and discussed with relative literature review. The patient was a 50-year-old man, who was admitted with the chief complaints of painless gross hematuria and blurred vision for 5 months. Imaging data and ophthalmoscopy examination showed bilateral multiple renal tumors, renal cysts, pancreatic cysts, hepatic cysts and retinal angioma in his right eye. He suffered a surgical operation for his cerebellar hemangioblastoma 12 years ago without family history. Results The patient underwent nephron- sparing surgery (NSS) in the left kidney. Five renal tumors were removed, and the largest tumor was 3.5 cm× 3.5 cm. Postoperative oral administration of Sorafenib agents was applied. Followed up for 4 months, the renal function was normal and the right kidney tumor reduced. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of multiple renal clear cell carcinoma. Conclusions VHL disease is a familial autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome, with the performance of hemangioblastorna in central nervous system, visceral tumors and multiple visceral cysts. Comprehensive imaging examination plays a major role in both the diagnosis and the follow-up of VHL disease.     

结节性硬化症相关肾透明细胞癌一例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨结节性硬化症(tuberous sclerosis complex,TSC)相关肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma,RCC)的临床诊治特点.方法 回顾性分析1例TSC相关TCC患者的资料.男,22岁.自幼智障伴癫痫.发现双肾肿瘤5年,间断肉眼血尿2年,曾于1年内2次行超选择性左肾动脉栓塞术,但分别于术后6、10个月再次出现肉眼血尿.查体:智障表现,肥胖,头颈部血管纤维瘤及非创伤性趾甲沟纤维瘤.CT平扫检查左肾有一不规则实性占位,最大截面14.2 cm×9.0 cm,CT值45～54HU,增强扫描病变呈不均匀强化,CT值60～78 HU,左肾静脉内有充盈缺损;右肾见多发脂肪密度占位,CT值-38～-25 HU,最大截面7.2 cm × 5.7 cm.检索Pubmed和CBM数据库进行相关文献复习.结果 患者行经腹开放性左肾根治性切除术,病理诊断肾透明细胞癌,肾静脉内见瘤栓.随访4个月未发现肿瘤复发及转移.结论 TSC相关RCC临床罕见,诊断后可行肾部分切除术或根治性肾切除术.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment features of tuberous sclerosis complex associated renal cell carcinoma.Methods A 22-year-old boy with a childhood history of epilepsy and mental retardation presented with a complaint of intermittent painless gross hematuria for the past 2 years.After superselective left renal artery embolization was done twice in the past year, painless gross hematuria was still repeated with 6- 10 months intervals.Physical examination showed retarded face, obesity, visible facial angiofibroma and a ditch fibroma.CT scan showed irregular lesions.The largest cross-section 14.2 cm × 9.0 cm in the left kidney was inhomogeneous enhanced from 45 - 54 HU in the plain phase to 60 - 78 HU in the contrast phase.Filling defect in the left renal vein and multiple fat-density lesions (CT value of -25 - -38 HU) with the largest cross-section 7.2 cm× 5.7 cm in the right kidney were also found in contrast CT scan.The PUBMED and CBM database were reviewed.Results Open retroperitoneal radical left nephrectomy was performed.Pathology showed renal clear cell carcinoma and renal vein thrombosis.There was no tumor recurrence or distant metastasis at 4-month follow-up.Conclusions Tuberous sclerosis complex associated renal cell carcinoma is rarely reported.Timely nephron-sparing surgery is necessary when the diagnosis is established, or radical nephrectomy is also necessary if nephron-sparing surgery is impossible.     

家族性低血磷性骨软化症一例

低血磷性骨软化症有X性连锁显性遗传性低血磷性骨软化症(X-link,hypophosphatemia,XLH)、常染色体显性遗传低血磷性骨软化症(autosomal dominant hypophosphatemia osteomalacia,ADHO)、肿瘤相关性低血磷性骨软化症(tumor induced osteomalacia,TIO)3种病因[1].笔者在重庆医科大学附属第一医院进修期间收治1例XLH,报道如下.     

多房性囊性肾癌一例报告及文献复习

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and outcome of multilocular cystic renal cell car-cinoma. Methods The clinic data of 1 case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma were reviewed with its clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology and therapy in our hospital. The male patient aged 49 was incidentally found to have a right renal tumor. The CT scan showed a multiloeular cystic tumor in the low pole of the right kidney with a clear outline. The thin septa were found in the tumor, which were enhanced in the enhancement CT scan. The enhancement MRI showed the cystic wall was en-hanced. Results The patient received a partial nephrectomy as his treatment. The pathological char-acteristics were as following: the multilocular cystic tumor was about 3 cm×2 cm×2 cm with clear serosity in it. The cystic wall was smooth with the width of 0.1-0.2 cm. Most of the cystic cavities were covered by monostratified or stratified cubic clear cells, and some were covered by squamous epi-thelium or no epithelium at all. The septum was composed of collagen fiber, and clear cells were found in it. The clear cells form small collections but do not form expansile nodules. The final pathological diagnosis was multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. The follow-up was 20 months, without local re-currence or distant metastasis was found. Conclusions Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is a rare variant of renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. MCRCC is an uncommon tumor of the kidney composed of multiple cysts with clear cells in the septa indistinguishable from grade I renal cell carcinoma. Most patients are asymptomatie and the tumors are discovered inciden-tally. The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC immediately depends on imaging studies. Pathology is the key to diagnosis.     

多房性囊性肾癌一例报告及文献复习

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and outcome of multilocular cystic renal cell car-cinoma. Methods The clinic data of 1 case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma were reviewed with its clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology and therapy in our hospital. The male patient aged 49 was incidentally found to have a right renal tumor. The CT scan showed a multiloeular cystic tumor in the low pole of the right kidney with a clear outline. The thin septa were found in the tumor, which were enhanced in the enhancement CT scan. The enhancement MRI showed the cystic wall was en-hanced. Results The patient received a partial nephrectomy as his treatment. The pathological char-acteristics were as following: the multilocular cystic tumor was about 3 cm×2 cm×2 cm with clear serosity in it. The cystic wall was smooth with the width of 0.1-0.2 cm. Most of the cystic cavities were covered by monostratified or stratified cubic clear cells, and some were covered by squamous epi-thelium or no epithelium at all. The septum was composed of collagen fiber, and clear cells were found in it. The clear cells form small collections but do not form expansile nodules. The final pathological diagnosis was multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. The follow-up was 20 months, without local re-currence or distant metastasis was found. Conclusions Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is a rare variant of renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. MCRCC is an uncommon tumor of the kidney composed of multiple cysts with clear cells in the septa indistinguishable from grade I renal cell carcinoma. Most patients are asymptomatie and the tumors are discovered inciden-tally. The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC immediately depends on imaging studies. Pathology is the key to diagnosis.     

多房性囊性肾癌一例报告及文献复习

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and outcome of multilocular cystic renal cell car-cinoma. Methods The clinic data of 1 case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma were reviewed with its clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology and therapy in our hospital. The male patient aged 49 was incidentally found to have a right renal tumor. The CT scan showed a multiloeular cystic tumor in the low pole of the right kidney with a clear outline. The thin septa were found in the tumor, which were enhanced in the enhancement CT scan. The enhancement MRI showed the cystic wall was en-hanced. Results The patient received a partial nephrectomy as his treatment. The pathological char-acteristics were as following: the multilocular cystic tumor was about 3 cm×2 cm×2 cm with clear serosity in it. The cystic wall was smooth with the width of 0.1-0.2 cm. Most of the cystic cavities were covered by monostratified or stratified cubic clear cells, and some were covered by squamous epi-thelium or no epithelium at all. The septum was composed of collagen fiber, and clear cells were found in it. The clear cells form small collections but do not form expansile nodules. The final pathological diagnosis was multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. The follow-up was 20 months, without local re-currence or distant metastasis was found. Conclusions Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is a rare variant of renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. MCRCC is an uncommon tumor of the kidney composed of multiple cysts with clear cells in the septa indistinguishable from grade I renal cell carcinoma. Most patients are asymptomatie and the tumors are discovered inciden-tally. The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC immediately depends on imaging studies. Pathology is the key to diagnosis.     

多房性囊性肾癌一例报告及文献复习

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and outcome of multilocular cystic renal cell car-cinoma. Methods The clinic data of 1 case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma were reviewed with its clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology and therapy in our hospital. The male patient aged 49 was incidentally found to have a right renal tumor. The CT scan showed a multiloeular cystic tumor in the low pole of the right kidney with a clear outline. The thin septa were found in the tumor, which were enhanced in the enhancement CT scan. The enhancement MRI showed the cystic wall was en-hanced. Results The patient received a partial nephrectomy as his treatment. The pathological char-acteristics were as following: the multilocular cystic tumor was about 3 cm×2 cm×2 cm with clear serosity in it. The cystic wall was smooth with the width of 0.1-0.2 cm. Most of the cystic cavities were covered by monostratified or stratified cubic clear cells, and some were covered by squamous epi-thelium or no epithelium at all. The septum was composed of collagen fiber, and clear cells were found in it. The clear cells form small collections but do not form expansile nodules. The final pathological diagnosis was multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. The follow-up was 20 months, without local re-currence or distant metastasis was found. Conclusions Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is a rare variant of renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. MCRCC is an uncommon tumor of the kidney composed of multiple cysts with clear cells in the septa indistinguishable from grade I renal cell carcinoma. Most patients are asymptomatie and the tumors are discovered inciden-tally. The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC immediately depends on imaging studies. Pathology is the key to diagnosis.     

多房性囊性肾癌一例报告及文献复习

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and outcome of multilocular cystic renal cell car-cinoma. Methods The clinic data of 1 case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma were reviewed with its clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology and therapy in our hospital. The male patient aged 49 was incidentally found to have a right renal tumor. The CT scan showed a multiloeular cystic tumor in the low pole of the right kidney with a clear outline. The thin septa were found in the tumor, which were enhanced in the enhancement CT scan. The enhancement MRI showed the cystic wall was en-hanced. Results The patient received a partial nephrectomy as his treatment. The pathological char-acteristics were as following: the multilocular cystic tumor was about 3 cm×2 cm×2 cm with clear serosity in it. The cystic wall was smooth with the width of 0.1-0.2 cm. Most of the cystic cavities were covered by monostratified or stratified cubic clear cells, and some were covered by squamous epi-thelium or no epithelium at all. The septum was composed of collagen fiber, and clear cells were found in it. The clear cells form small collections but do not form expansile nodules. The final pathological diagnosis was multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. The follow-up was 20 months, without local re-currence or distant metastasis was found. Conclusions Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is a rare variant of renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. MCRCC is an uncommon tumor of the kidney composed of multiple cysts with clear cells in the septa indistinguishable from grade I renal cell carcinoma. Most patients are asymptomatie and the tumors are discovered inciden-tally. The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC immediately depends on imaging studies. Pathology is the key to diagnosis.     

多房性囊性肾癌一例报告及文献复习

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and outcome of multilocular cystic renal cell car-cinoma. Methods The clinic data of 1 case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma were reviewed with its clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology and therapy in our hospital. The male patient aged 49 was incidentally found to have a right renal tumor. The CT scan showed a multiloeular cystic tumor in the low pole of the right kidney with a clear outline. The thin septa were found in the tumor, which were enhanced in the enhancement CT scan. The enhancement MRI showed the cystic wall was en-hanced. Results The patient received a partial nephrectomy as his treatment. The pathological char-acteristics were as following: the multilocular cystic tumor was about 3 cm×2 cm×2 cm with clear serosity in it. The cystic wall was smooth with the width of 0.1-0.2 cm. Most of the cystic cavities were covered by monostratified or stratified cubic clear cells, and some were covered by squamous epi-thelium or no epithelium at all. The septum was composed of collagen fiber, and clear cells were found in it. The clear cells form small collections but do not form expansile nodules. The final pathological diagnosis was multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. The follow-up was 20 months, without local re-currence or distant metastasis was found. Conclusions Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is a rare variant of renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. MCRCC is an uncommon tumor of the kidney composed of multiple cysts with clear cells in the septa indistinguishable from grade I renal cell carcinoma. Most patients are asymptomatie and the tumors are discovered inciden-tally. The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC immediately depends on imaging studies. Pathology is the key to diagnosis.     

多房性囊性肾癌一例报告及文献复习

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and outcome of multilocular cystic renal cell car-cinoma. Methods The clinic data of 1 case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma were reviewed with its clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology and therapy in our hospital. The male patient aged 49 was incidentally found to have a right renal tumor. The CT scan showed a multiloeular cystic tumor in the low pole of the right kidney with a clear outline. The thin septa were found in the tumor, which were enhanced in the enhancement CT scan. The enhancement MRI showed the cystic wall was en-hanced. Results The patient received a partial nephrectomy as his treatment. The pathological char-acteristics were as following: the multilocular cystic tumor was about 3 cm×2 cm×2 cm with clear serosity in it. The cystic wall was smooth with the width of 0.1-0.2 cm. Most of the cystic cavities were covered by monostratified or stratified cubic clear cells, and some were covered by squamous epi-thelium or no epithelium at all. The septum was composed of collagen fiber, and clear cells were found in it. The clear cells form small collections but do not form expansile nodules. The final pathological diagnosis was multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. The follow-up was 20 months, without local re-currence or distant metastasis was found. Conclusions Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is a rare variant of renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. MCRCC is an uncommon tumor of the kidney composed of multiple cysts with clear cells in the septa indistinguishable from grade I renal cell carcinoma. Most patients are asymptomatie and the tumors are discovered inciden-tally. The preoperative diagnosis of MCRCC immediately depends on imaging studies. Pathology is the key to diagnosis.     

多靶点药物治疗晚期肾癌肾功能改善的临床观察

目的 总结多靶点药物治疗1例晚期双肾癌患者肾功能改善的效果. 方法 晚期双肾癌患者1例,男,60岁.腰痛1个月.B超及CT检查提示双肾癌.左肾肿瘤11.0 cm×9.4 cm×8.5 cm,右肾肿瘤3.5 cm×4.3 cm×4.1 cm,肾穿刺活检诊断为肾透明细胞癌.X线检查示肝及右下肺转移灶.实验室检查:左肾肾小球滤过率(GFR)20.39 ml/min,右肾25.40 ml/min.予多靶点药物索拉非尼400 mg,1～2次/d口服,共治疗12周. 结果 经索拉非尼治疗12周后.CT检查示左肾肿瘤缩小至9.0 cm×8.5 cm×7.4 cm,右肾肿瘤缩小至3.0 cm×3.6 cm×4.0 cm,病灶内部见液化坏死,未见新的转移灶.总肾GFR由治疗前45.79 ml/min升至71.38 ml/min,左肾GFR 31.57ml/min,较治疗前提高11.18 ml/min,右肾GFR 39.81 ml/min,较治疗前提高14.41 ml/min. 结论 多靶点药物治疗晚期肾癌可使肿瘤缩小,并改善肾功能.     

Successful interferon-alpha therapy of renal cell carcinoma with lung metastasis: a case report

A 67-year-old man was admitted with a chief complaint of dyspnea. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a left renal tumor, 12 cm in diameter, with tumor thrombus in the left renal vein, multiple lung metastases, right pleural effusion, and para-aortic lymph node metastases. Because of poor condition in respiratory status, nephrectomy was considered to be impossible and the patient was administered 6×10? IU of interferon-alpha daily. Then, 6×10? IU was also administered three times a week. At 14 months after interferon-alpha therapy, CT scan showed complete remission of lung, pleura metastases and right pleural effusion, and the left renal tumor was markedly reduced in size. Because of improvement of general condition, nephrectomy of the left kidney was performed. Twenty-seven months after the start of interferon-alpha therapy, the patient is alive without evidence of disease.     

The initial division of left renal vein in left renal cancer with intracaval tumor thrombus: a case report

A 30-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with a 3-month history of general fatigue and one month history of left flank mass. Computed tomography revealed a huge left renal tumor (20 × 13 × 10 cm) with intracaval tumor thrombus. The tumor thrombus extended into the right atrium. The left renal vein (lt-RV) was expanded 3.5 cm in diameter by the tumor thrombus. The tumor was surrounded by a tortuous dilated capsular vein. The strategic issue was how to ligate the left renal artery (lt-RA) behind the expanded lt-RV. We first divided the lt-RV occluded by the tumor thrombus using a Linear Cutter? and then divided the lt-RA before the dissection of the tumor to avoid excessive bleeding. Even transarterial embolization of lt-RA were to be performed,the tumor was too large to dissect without division of lt-RV and lt RA. After the left kidney was removed,the lower half of the tumor thrombus was excised,clamping the inferior vena cava,three right renal arteries,two right renal veins,and the lumber vein. Finally,we removed the upper half of the tumor thrombus extending to the right atrium through atriotomy and cavotomy under an extracorporeal cardiovascular bypass. Operation time was 9 h 22 m,and total blood loss was 1670 ml. Convalescence was uneventful except for abdominal lymphocele.     

原发性肾窦肿瘤三例报告

目的 总结原发性肾窦肿瘤的临床特点及治疗方法.方法 原发性肾窦肿瘤患者3例.女2例,男1例.平均年龄40(33～55)岁.临床表现为腰痛伴血尿1例,单纯腰部疼痛2例.肿瘤位于右侧2例,左侧1例.直径平均5.5(3.5～8.5)cm.3例均经行手术治疗. 结果行右肾窦肿瘤探查术1例,术中病理提示良性肿瘤,单纯切除肿瘤,病理报告为血管平滑肌瘤,随访3年未见复发.1例术中因肿瘤出血及肾盂破坏严重,行右肾切除,病理报告为血管平滑肌脂肪瘤,随访10个月未见复发.1例因肿瘤包绕肾动静脉,局部严重黏连,行左肾切除术,病理报告为脂肪瘤,随访4年未见肿瘤复发.结论 原发性肾窦肿瘤临床罕见,多为良性,易误诊为肾盂肿瘤,CT、MRI、IVU检查有助于鉴别;良性肿瘤直径<4 cm且无症状者可密切随访,有症状或直径>4 cm者可行肿瘤切除;肿瘤累及肾蒂并严重破坏肾盂者可行单纯肾切除;恶性肿瘤应行根治性肾切除.     

Oncogenic osteomalacia: exact tumor localization by co-registration of positron emission and computed tomography.

In oncogenic osteomalacia, the causative tumor is almost always difficult to find. A novel diagnostic approach is presented that facilitates a precise and rapid localization of the associated lesion by PET-CT co-registration using the radiotracer (68)Ga-DOTANOC. INTRODUCTION: Oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM) is an uncommon disorder characterized by hyperphosphaturia, hypophosphatemia, decreased vitamin D(3) serum levels, and osteomalacia. The paraneoplastic syndrome is exclusively driven by a small somatostatin receptor (sst)-positive tumor that produces phosphatonins, proteins that cause renal phosphate loss. OOM can be cured completely on tumor removal. However, the exact tumor localization is the most challenging step, because the lesion is notoriously difficult to detect by common imaging techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 60-year-old woman complained of severe pain in her back and chest wall, muscle weakness, and reduced physical activity for >1 year. She suffered a metatarsal fracture and presented with hyperphosphaturia and hypophosphatemia. OOM was suspected, and a meticulous search for the tumor was initiated by conventional imaging techniques, sst-mediated imaging using (111)In-octreotide scintigraphy, and (68)Ga-DOTANOC-based positron emission tomography (PET)-CT co-registration. (68)Ga-DOTANOC is a novel radiopharmaceutical compound in which the somatostatin analog octreotide is modified at position 3, chelated with DOTA, and complexed with (68)Gallium. (68)Ga-DOTANOC has an improved affinity to sst2 and sst5 relative to other radiopeptides. RESULTS: Whereas common imaging techniques such as CT failed to localize the tumor, (111)In-octreotide scintigraphy was able to detect the lesion, but only PET-CT using (68)Ga-DOTANOC revealed the exact tumor localization in the right femoral head. On tumor resection, the well being of the patient improved significantly, and biochemical parameters returned to normal. CONCLUSIONS: (68)Ga-DOTANOC-based PET-CT is a novel and powerful approach to detect sst-positive tumors in a timely manner and to provide highly resolved images facilitating the development of a therapeutic strategy.     

Oncogenic osteomalacia of the cervical spine: a rare case of curative resection and reconstruction

Oncogenic osteomalacia (OO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome, with only 100 reported cases in the literature. The majority of OO-associated mesenchymal tumors are due to a lesion called phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, mixed connective tissue (PMTMCT) variant. There have been only 6 reported cases of OO of the spine. With this paper the authors present a case of OO of the cervical spine in a patient who initially presented with multiple pathological fractures of unknown cause, and who eventually underwent staged C-5 spondylectomy followed by circumferential stabilization. Resection of the cervical lesion led to resolution of his hypophosphatemia and prevention of any further pathological fractures. The authors describe a rare cervical neoplasm, its treatment, and review the literature on this rare bony pathological entity.     

复杂性腹膜后节细胞神经瘤的诊断与治疗

腹膜后节细胞神经瘤是一种罕见的神经源性良性肿瘤,行手术彻底切除,预后良好,但手术难度较大.2013年3月重庆医科大学附属第一医院收治1例复杂性腹膜后节细胞神经瘤患者,入院前9个月彩色多普勒超声检查发现胰头部低回声包块影,大小为6.5 cm×4.5 cm,无任何临床症状.术前腹部CT检查及术中发现肿瘤大小为8.5 cm×7.5 cm×4.5 cm,位于胰腺后方,包绕腹腔干、肝总动脉、脾动脉及肠系膜上动脉等重要血管,包绕胰头部及钩突部,无法分离;与门静脉、肠系膜上静脉、脾静脉、左肾静脉关系密切.术中将肿瘤与各重要血管及胰腺体尾部分离、解剖,但肿瘤与胰头部无法分离,遂行肿瘤切除及胰十二指肠切除术.虽手术难度大,但肿瘤切除彻底,重要血管得到保护,患者术后恢复良好.     

A case report of extensively calcified renal cell carcinoma

A 73-year-old woman visited another hospital with complaints of occasional episodes of gross hematuria. A computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed extensive calcification in the left kidney, and she was referred to our hospital for further examinations. The physical examination was unremarkable other than mild back pain on her left side. Blood chemistry was normal. The CT scan revealed a mildly enhanced tumor of 6 cm in diameter accompanied by extensive calcification in the left kidney. Angiography revealed a hypovascular tumor in the left kidney. A left radical nephrectomy was carried out. Gross appearance of the specimen showed extensive calcification from the renal pelvic to the parenchyma of the lower pole of the left kidney. The histopathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma, alveolar type, mixed subtype, pT2pN0pM0.     

大通道经皮肾盂肿瘤电切术治疗孤立肾肾盂肿瘤2例报告

2011年3～7月对2例孤立肾肾盂肿瘤行大通道经皮肾盂肿瘤电切术。1例术后复查CT见肾盂中部不规则组织密度影,考虑肿瘤部分残留,16 d后再次全麻下行经皮右肾盂肿瘤电切术,术中见大小1.0 cm×1.0 cm肿瘤残留,二次电切,留置引流管同前。病理结果:纤维结缔组织,其中脉管组织呈瘤样增生改变。另1例手术时间85 min,术中出血约50ml,术后3 d复查CT,未见明显肿瘤残余组织。病理结果:符合低级别浸润性尿路上皮癌,浸润黏膜固有层。术后2周膀胱灌注卡介苗120 mg+生理盐水至100 ml臀高头低位灌注,通过输尿管内双J管返流肾盂内灌注治疗,每周1次持续6次。2例术后随访3个月,复查CT未见肿瘤复发。我们认为大通道经皮肾盂肿瘤电切治疗孤立肾肾盂肿瘤安全有效,尤其适用于有根治性肾输尿管切除术手术禁忌证的肾盂癌。