前侧微创入路锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨中下段骨折

目的观察前侧微创入路(MIPO)锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定治疗肱骨中下段骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2012-01—2014-10采用前侧入路MIPO技术LCP内固定治疗的14例闭合性肱骨中下段骨折。术后观察桡神经功能、骨折愈合时间、肩肘关节功能。结果本组手术时间65~115 min,平均89 min。术后切口均一期愈合,无医源性桡神经损伤。14例均获得随访10~21个月,平均14个月。1例出现肌皮神经支配区域皮肤感觉减退,术后3个月自行恢复。骨折愈合时间10~15周,平均13周。末次随访时肩关节功能Neer评分:优12例,良2例;肘关节功能Mayo评分:优13例,良1例。结论前侧入路MIPO技术LCP内固定治疗肱骨中下段骨折具有创伤小、神经损伤风险低等优点。     

经前侧入路微创接骨板内固定治疗肱骨中段骨折

目的探讨应用经前侧入路微创接骨板内固定(MIPO)技术治疗肱骨中段骨折的临床疗效。方法应用经前侧入路MIPO技术治疗22例单侧肱骨中段骨折患者。术后观察肩关节及肘关节活动范围,采用Constant-Murley评分评定肩关节功能,Mayo评分评定肘关节功能。结果患者均获得随访,时间10~24个月。末次随访:肩关节外展80°~120°,前屈120°~170°,外旋10°~50°,内旋T8~L3水平。肘关节屈曲100°~135°,伸直0°~20°;Constant-Murley肩关节评分78~96分;Mayo肘关节评分74~100分。结论经前侧入路MIPO技术治疗肱骨中段骨折是一种有效安全的方法。     

有限切开前侧锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折的临床研究

目的探讨经肱骨前侧入路有限切开锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法采用经肱骨前侧入路有限切开锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折18例。结果 18例获随访12～24个月,骨折全部愈合,肩关节功能按Neer评分:优17例,良1例;肘关节功能按HSS评分:优16例,良2例。结论采用经肱骨前侧入路有限切开锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折固定稳定,不易损伤神经血管,骨折愈合率高。     

微创钢板接骨术联合锁定加压钢板内固定治疗复杂肱骨干骨折

目的探讨微创钢板接骨术(MIPO)联合锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定治疗复杂肱骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法自2009-06—2012-06采用MIPO技术联合LCP内固定治疗21例复杂肱骨干骨折,观察术后骨折愈合时间、桡神经功能及肩肘关节活动功能。结果随访12~23个月,平均15.3个月。所有患者均达到骨性愈合,愈合时间9~15周,平均11.7周。1例术后出现桡神经损伤症状,术后13周症状消失,功能恢复正常。术后肩关节功能采用Neer评分评定:优19例,良2例。肘关节功能采用Mayo评分评定:优15例,良6例。结论 MIPO技术联合LCP内固定治疗复杂肱骨干骨折是一种较为安全、可靠、有效的手术方法。     

前方微创入路单钢板内固定治疗低位肱骨干骨折

目的探讨前方入路经皮微创接骨板技术(MIPO)肱骨远端亚髁锁定钢板内固定治疗低位肱骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2011-06—2014-05采用前方入路MIPO技术肱骨远端亚髁锁定钢板内固定治疗的18例闭合性低位肱骨干骨折。末次随访时采用肘关节功能Mayo评分系统评定疗效。结果本组未出现切口感染,无医源性桡神经损伤。18例获得平均10.7(8~14)个月随访。18例均获得骨性愈合,骨折愈合时间平均4.8(4~6)个月。末次随访时肘关节活动范围平均128°(120°~135°);肘关节功能Mayo评分平均98.1(95~100)分,优17例,良1例。结论采用前方入路MIPO技术肱骨远端亚髁锁定钢板内固定治疗低位肱骨干骨折安全、有效,临床疗效满意。     

经前方入路微创锁定加压接骨板内固定治疗肱骨中下段螺旋形骨折

目的探讨锁定加压接骨板(LCP)经前方入路微创内固定技术(MIPO)治疗肱骨中下段螺旋形骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾分析2016年12月至2018年1月厦门大学附属成功医院骨科采用LCP经前方入路MIPO治疗的12例闭合性肱骨中下段螺旋形骨折患者资料。男8例,女4例;年龄18~38岁,平均21.8岁。按AO/OTA骨折分型:12-A1.2型5例,12-A1.3型2例,12-B1.2型2例,12-B1.3型2例,12-C1.1型1例。记录患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后早期并发症、骨折愈合时间;末次随访时采用美国加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)肩关节评分标准评定肩关节功能,采用Mayo肘关节功能评分系统(MEPS)评定肘关节功能。结果手术时间为43~130 min,平均63 min;术中出血量为60~280 mL,平均139 mL。术后切口均一期愈合,未出现感染及医源性神经损伤等并发症。12例患者术后获10~21个月(平均13.7个月)随访。所有患者均获骨性愈合,愈合时间11~20周,平均15.8周。术后均未发生内固定物松动、断裂。末次随访时肩关节功能UCLA评分为31~35分,平均34.5分;肘关节功能MEPs评分为90~100分,平均99分。结论采用LCP经前方入路MIPO治疗肱骨中下段螺旋形骨折具有创伤小、神经损伤风险低、临床疗效满意的优点,是一种安全有效的肱骨微创内固定技术,值得临床推广。     

前侧入路双钢板内固定治疗肱骨干下段骨折

目的探讨前侧入路双钢板内固定治疗肱骨干下段骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2013-09—2018-02采用前侧入路双钢板固定治疗的21例肱骨干下段骨折,术中作上臂下段前侧切口,骨折复位后于肱骨下段置入2块钢板固定。结果 21例均顺利完成手术,随访时间平均19.6(12～37)个月。未出现感染、桡神经损伤、内固定物松动、骨折端再移位、骨折不愈合等并发症。1例出现皮下积液,加强换药后切口愈合。骨折愈合时间11～18周,平均14.3周。末次随访时21例肘关节屈曲肌力均为Ⅴ级;肘关节伸直范围0°～7°,平均2.39°;最大屈曲范围127°～139°,平均133.13°;Neer肩关节功能评分85～100分,平均93.63分;Mayo肘关节功能评分80～100分,平均92.04分。结论采用前侧入路双钢板内固定术治疗肱骨干下段骨折可以提供足够的固定强度,防止内固定失效,有利于骨折端愈合,降低医源性桡神经损伤的发生率。     

运用MIPO技术前置LCP钢板治疗肱骨中、下段骨折

目的探讨运用MIPO技术前置LCP钢板治疗肱骨中、下段骨折的可操作性及疗效。方法 2009年1月至2011年6月,利用MIPO技术前置LCP钢板治疗肱骨干骨折12例。结果 12例患者均获随访6.0～18.0个月,均获骨性愈合,平均愈合时间6.7个月。未出现一例桡神经损伤。根据UCLA评分标准,肩关节功能优11例,良1例。根据Mayo肘关节评分标准,肘关节功能均为优。结论运用MIPO技术前置LCP钢板治疗肱骨中、下段骨折可能是一种较理想的方法。     

微创技术与传统入路锁定钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的疗效比较

目的比较手法复位微创技术(MIPO)锁定钢板内固定与传统入路锁定钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2010-03—2014-09诊治的85例肱骨近端骨折,40例采用手法复位MIPO技术锁定钢板内固定(微创组),45例经传统胸三角肌入路切开复位锁定钢板内固定(传统组)。比较2组切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、手术前后血红蛋白差值、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、并发症、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分、VAS评分和EQ-5D健康指数。结果 85例获得平均22.6(12~48)个月随访。微创组的切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、手术前后血红蛋白差值、骨折愈合时间、术后3个月Constant-Murley评分,以及术后1周、3个月VAS评分和EQ-5D健康指数均优于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。而2组住院时间及术后1年的Constant-Murley评分、VAS评分和EQ-5D健康指数差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.497,P=0.221)。结论手法复位后经三角肌入路MIPO技术锁定钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折在切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、早期缓解肩关节疼痛、功能恢复及改善生活质量等方面均明显优于传统入路锁定钢板内固定,临床效果良好。     

前侧入路MIPPO技术治疗肱骨干骨折的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨经上臂前侧入路闭合复位微创经皮钢板内固定(MIPPO) 技术治疗肱骨干骨折的疗效.方法 采用闭合复位经上臂前侧入路MIPPO技术治疗15例肱骨干骨折,术后观察骨折愈合时间、桡神经功能、肩和肘关节屈伸范围.结果 13例得到随访,平均随访9.5个月.切口均一期愈合.X线片复查示:13例骨折对位对线良好,无桡神经损伤表现.肩关节功能按UCLA评分:优12例,良1例.肘关节功能按Mayo评分:13例均为优.结论 前侧入路MIPPO技术治疗肱骨干骨折具有创伤小、并发症少、骨折愈合率高等优点,是安全有效的方法.     

Anatomy of the hepatic hilar area: the plate system

To surgically manage hilar bile duct carcinoma successfully, it is important to be familiar with the principal anatomical variations of the biliary and vascular components of the plate system in the hepatic hilar area, because all the variations in the bile ducts and vessels occur in the plate system. The plate system consists of bile ducts and blood vessels surrounded by a sheath. There are three plates in the hilar area: the hilar plate, the cystic plate, and the umbilical plate. The bile duct and blood vessel branches penetrate the plate system and form Glisson's capsule in all segments of the liver, except for the medial segment. The right hepatic duct is usually (in 53%–72% of individuals) formed by the union of the anterior segmental duct and the posterior segmental duct in the hilar area. However, three other variations have been found in which these segmental ducts do not form the right hepatic duct. Few anatomical variations have been identified in the left hepatic duct, but confusion arises because of the variations in the medial segment ducts (B4) which join the left hepatic duct at different sites. In 35.5% of individuals they join the hepatic duct in the vicinity of the hilar confluence (type I B4 anatomy), and in 64.5% of individuals they join the left hepatic duct some distance away from the confluence (type II B4 anatomy). Because B4 is very close to the hilar confluence in type I, hilar bile duct carcinoma can easily invade B4 and, for that reason, for curative resection of hilar bile duct carcinoma, resection of S4a (the inferior part of the medial segment) should be considered along with the resection of extrahepatic bile duct and caudate lobe. Variations in the portal vein and hepatic artery are found in 16%–26% and 31%–33% of individuals, respectively. Because a considerable number of anatomical variations in the bile ducts and vessels persist in the hilar area, and the reported proportions of the different variations vary, it is necessary to have a good knowledge of the plate system and the variations in the bile ducts and blood vessels in the hilar area to perform safe and curative surgery for hilar bile duct carcinoma. Received: June 3, 2000 / Accepted: July 20, 2000     

Biomechanical comparison of distal femoral fracture fixation: Analysis of non-locked,locked, and far-cortical locked constructs

To assess whether far-cortical locking (FCL) screws alter the fracture site strain environment and allow shorter bridge plate constructs for supracondylar femoral fractures, we tested the fracture site displacement under force of synthetic left femora with a 5-cm metaphyseal fracture gap, modeling comminution. Five models of nine constructs were tested (three types of diaphyseal screws [nonlocking, locking, and FCL] and two plate lengths [13 holes and 5 holes]). Long plate models using three or four diaphyseal screws (working length 13.5 or 7.5 cm, respectively) were compared with short plates with three diaphyseal screws (working length 7.5 cm). Models were loaded axially and torsionally; 100 cycles in random order. Primary outcome measures were axial and torsional fracture site stiffness. FCL screws decreased rotational stiffness 19% (P < .01) compared with baseline nonlocking screws in the same plate and working length construct, mirroring the effect (20% decrease in stiffness, P < .01) of nearly doubling the nonlocking construct working length (7.5-13.5 cm). Similarly, FCL screws decreased axial stiffness 23% (P < .01) in the same baseline comparison. Fracture site displacement under loading comparable to a long working length nonlocked plate construct was achieved using a shorter FCL plate construct. By closely replicating the biomechanical properties of a long plate construct, a fracture site strain environment considered favorable in promoting fracture healing might still be achievable using a shorter plate length. Clinical Significance: It might be possible to optimize fracture site strain environment and displacement under loading using shorter FCL plate constructs. Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 00:00–00, 2020.     

Anterior ankle arthrodesis

Ankle arthrodesis is a common procedure that resolves many conditions of the foot and ankle; however, complications following this procedure are often reported and vary depending on the fixation technique. Various techniques have been described in the attempt to achieve ankle arthrodesis and there is much debate as to the efficiency of each one. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of anterior plating in ankle arthrodesis using customised and Synthes TomoFix plates. We present the outcomes of 28 ankle arthrodeses between 2005 and 2012, specifically examining rate of union, patient-reported outcomes scores, and complications. All 28 patients achieved radiographic union at an average of 36 wk; the majority of patients (92.86%) at or before 16 wk, the exceptions being two patients with Charcot joints who were noted to have bony union at a three year review. Patient-reported outcomes scores significantly increased (P < 0.05). Complications included two delayed unions as previously mentioned, infection, and extended postoperative pain. With multiple points for fixation and coaxial screw entry points, the contoured customised plate offers added compression and provides a rigid fixation for arthrodesis stabilization.     

A new algorithm for primary hypospadias repair based on tip urethroplasty

Background/Purpose: Decision making in hypospadias repair potentially can be simplified by tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty. The authors report management and outcomes in a consecutive series of primary hypospadias repairs in which the intent was to perform TIP.Methods: Records of 106 consecutive boys undergoing hypospadias repair by 1 surgeon were reviewed. Position of the meatus, degree and management of curvature, technical details of the urethroplasty, and postoperative complications were recorded.Results: Curvature was noted in 24 (23%) of patients, but could be corrected with preservation of the urethral plate in all but 3. In another boy, the incised plate was thought “unhealthy” for tubularization. The remaining 102 underwent TIP, of whom, 75 had distal and 27 had proximal hypospadias. Complications, primarily fistulas, occurred in 14 (13%) of these patients. The other 4 boys underwent staged repairs that utilized TIP for the glanular urethra at the second operation.Conclusions: The authors found decision making was no longer determined by meatal location as in the past, but by severity of curvature and appearance of the incised urethral plate. Because severe curvature requiring plate transection or an “unhealthy” incised plate are uncommonly encountered, TIP repair can be performed for most hypospadias operations.     

单侧与双侧钢板内固定治疗A3型股骨远端骨折的比较研究

目的比较单侧钢板(外侧解剖锁定钢板)与双侧钢板(锁定钢板联合重建钢板)治疗A3型股骨远端骨折的疗效。方法自2008-12—2014-12治疗35例A3型股骨远端骨折,按内固定方式不同分为单侧钢板组(16例)和双侧钢板组(19例),比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、骨折愈合时间、末次随访时膝关节活动度、VAS评分及膝关节功能评分。结果 2组获得随访12~36个月,平均21个月。2组手术时间比较差异有统计学意义(t=-4.053,P0.001);2组术中出血量(t=-1.023,P=0.314)、术后引流量(t=-0.359,P=0.722)、骨折愈合时间(t=0.455,P=0.652)、膝关节活动度(t=0.874,P=0.389)、VAS评分(t=0.103,P=0.918)及膝关节功能评分优良率(χ~2=0.036,P=0.982)比较差异均无统计学意义。2组各有2例发生骨折延迟愈合,限制负重后均愈合。结论单侧或双侧钢板内固定治疗A3型股骨远端骨折均能取得较好疗效,但单侧钢板内固定手术时间短,且可以减轻患者经济负担。     

Immunolocalization of the angiogenetic factor pleiotrophin (PTN) in the growth plate of mice

The aim of this study was to find out whether and where the angiogenic agent pleiotrophin (PTN) occurs within the growth plate. We investigated paraffin-embedded tissue sections of ten male mice with an antibody directed against the recombinant PTN. Immunostaining for PTN was positive within the cytoplasm and the pericellular matrix of osteoblasts which lined the longitudinal mineralized septae of the epiphyseal plate. Within the zone of hypertrophic chondrocytes, immunolabelling for PTN was positive in the pericellular matrix of hypertrophic chondrocytes and within the opened lacunae of the apoptotic hypertrophic chondrocytes. The resting zone and the proliferation zone were PTN negative. The results of our study suggest that the known angiogenetic peptide PTN plays a role in the process of angiogenesis in the growth plate. Received: 17 November 1999     

锁定钢板与重建钢板治疗肱骨髁间骨折疗效比较

正2007年1月~2011年12月,我科采用锁定钢板和重建钢板手术治疗54例肱骨髁间骨折患者,笔者比较两种方法的疗效,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组54例,男33例,女21例,年龄18~67岁。按照治疗方法分为两组:(1)采用锁定钢板内固定30例(锁定钢板组),男18例,女12例,年