重度吸烟与非吸烟者牙周非手术治疗的临床疗效观察

目的　评价重度吸烟与非吸烟的慢性牙周炎患者非手术治疗 1月后的临床疗效。方法　 37名慢性牙周炎患者 ,均为男性 ,吸烟组 2 2人 ,非吸烟组 15人 ,基线时两组的牙周炎病情相似。从牙列的四个象限选取探诊深度在 5mm～ 9mm范围的位点 1～ 2个 ,吸烟组共 12 2位点 ,非吸烟组 90位点 ,观察这些位点在非手术治疗前、治疗后 1个月临床指标如菌斑指数 (PlaqueIndex ,PLI)、探诊深度 (ProbeDepth ,PD)、附着丧失 (AttachmentLoss,AL)和牙龈出血指数 (BleedingIndex ,BI)的变化。 结果　治疗前 (基线 ) ,两组PD和AL相似 ;但吸烟组PLI显著高于非吸烟组 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;吸烟组BI显著低于非吸烟组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。牙周非手术治疗后 ,两组临床指标均有明显改善 ,但吸烟组改善程度明显低于非吸烟组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　慢性牙周炎患者 ,重度吸烟者非手术治疗的疗效差于非吸烟者     

吸烟对牙周基础治疗效果影响的研究

目的评价吸烟与非吸烟慢性牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗1个月后的疗效差异。方法选择36例慢性牙周炎患者,吸烟组20例,非吸烟组16例,基线时两组牙周炎病情相似。从牙列的4个象限选取探诊深度在5～9mm范围的位点1～2个,吸烟组108个位点,非吸烟组88个位点,观察这些位点在牙周基础治疗前、治疗后1个月临床指标的变化,包括菌斑指数(PLI),牙龈出血指数(BI),牙周袋探诊深度(PPD)和附着丧失(AL);在作临床观察的同时,对治疗前后龈沟液白介素(IL)-1β进行检测。结果治疗前(基线时)两组PLI、BI、PPD、AL以及IL-1β差异不显著,牙周基础治疗1个月后,两组的各项指标均有明显的改善,但吸烟组改善程度明显低于非吸烟组(P<0.05)。结论慢性牙周炎患者,吸烟者牙周基础治疗的效果差于     

牙周基础治疗对药物性牙龈增生的疗效观察

目的：评价牙周基础治疗对钙拮抗剂导致的药物性牙龈增生的治疗效果。方法：纳入钙拮抗剂导致的牙龈增生患者24例,在基线和牙周基础治疗后1个月、3个月、6个月各时点分别记录菌斑指数（plaqueindex,PLI）,出血指数（bleedingindex,BI）,探诊深度（probingdepth,PD）和牙龈增生指数（Gingivalovergrowthindex,GO）。18例患者共240个位点完成了6个月的观察。结果：在观察期间,PLI、BI、PD和GO指数持续改善（P〈0.01）,GO指数为0级的位点基线为0,治疗后6个月则上升到45.83%,GO指数为1、2、3级的位点逐渐下降,GO指数为3级的位点在治疗后6个月降为0。结论：牙周基础治疗可改善钙拮抗剂药物引起的牙龈增生的程度。     

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目的评价单纯牙周基础治疗对苯妥英钠(PHT)所致药物性牙龈增生的治疗效果。方法选择佛山市禅城区向阳医院·禅城区口腔医院2011年1月至2013年6月因服用PHT导致牙龈增生的患者16例,在不停药亦不换药的情况下行牙周基础治疗,并于治疗前及治疗后1、3、6个月进行牙龈增生指数(GHI)、菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、探诊深度(PD)等临床指标检查。结果单纯牙周基础治疗后1、3、6个月的GHI、PLI、SBI、PD各项临床指标逐步改善,牙龈炎症逐步减轻,牙龈增生状况持续好转;与治疗前基线相比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论单纯牙周基础治疗对PHT所致药物性牙龈增生有效。     

吸烟对牙龈炎患者和健康人龈沟液中弹性蛋白酶水平的影响

目的比较牙龈炎患者和健康人龈沟液中细胞外弹性蛋白酶EA-s和细胞内弹性蛋白酶EA-p水平的变化。方法选取慢性牙龈炎患者37人,共119个探诊出血、牙龈指数(gingival index,GI)≥2、牙周袋探诊深度(probing depth,PD)≤3mm、附着丧失(attachment loss,AL)≤1mm的牙龈炎位点,将其分为吸烟组59个,非吸烟组60个。同时选取牙周健康者31人作为对照,共85个探诊不出血、GI≤1、PD≤3mm、AL≤1mm的位点,同样分为两组,吸烟组45个,非吸烟组40个。观察牙周临床指标菌斑指数(plaque index,PLI)、GI、探诊出血指数(bleeding on probing,BOP)和龈沟液中EA-S、EA-p水平的变化。结果牙龈炎患者中,吸烟组的PLI明显高于非吸烟组(P<0.05),GI低于非吸烟组(P<0.05),健康者的各临床指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。无论是牙龈炎患者还是健康者,吸烟组与非吸烟组间EA-s,EA-p水平均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论吸烟对牙龈炎患者和健康人龈沟液EA水平无显著影响。     

吸烟对牙周炎患者龈沟液中弹性蛋白酶水平的影响

目的比较吸烟与非吸烟牙周炎患者和健康人龈沟液中细胞外弹性蛋白酶EA-s和细胞内弹性蛋白酶(EA-p)水平的变化。方法选择慢性牙周炎患者41例,共146个探诊出血(BOP)、牙周袋探诊深度(PD)≥4mm、附着丧失(AL)≥2mm的牙周炎位点,将其分为吸烟组79个,非吸烟组67个。同时选择牙周健康者31人作为对照,共85个探诊不出血,牙龈指数(GI)≤1,PD≤3mm,AL≤1mm的位点,同样分为2组,吸烟组45个,非吸烟组40个。观察牙周治疗前、后牙周临床指标菌斑指数(PLI),GI,PD,AL,BOP和龈沟液中EA-s、EA-p水平的变化。结果牙周炎患者中,吸烟组的GI,AL和EA-s水平低于非吸烟组(P<0.05),其余指标差异无显著性(P>0.05),健康者的各项指标差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。无论是吸烟组还是不吸烟组,牙周炎患者的EA-s,EA-p水平均高于健康者(P<0.05)。结论吸烟会降低牙周炎患者龈沟液中EA-s水平,但对EA-p水平影响不大。吸烟对健康人EA水平无显著影响。     

北京某社区代谢综合征人群的牙周状况调查

目的:明确北京某社区代谢综合征人群的牙周状况并与心梗、高血压等其它心血管病患者的牙周状况进行比较。方法:对152名代谢综合征患者、106名陈旧性心梗患者、211名单纯高血压患者及56名全身健康者进行全口牙周检查,记录菌斑指数(plaque index,PLI)、出血指数(bleeding index,BI)、探诊深度(pro-bing depth,PD)、附着丧失(attachment loss,AL)和缺失牙数,按性别分层后比较4组人群的牙周状况。结果:男性代谢综合征组的PLI、BI、PD、AL均高于其它3组;女性代谢综合征组的PLI、PD高于其它3组,中重度牙周炎的比例也明显高于高血压组和健康组。结论:代谢综合征者是牙周炎防治的重点人群。     

单纯牙周基础治疗对苯妥英钠所致药物性牙龈增生疗效评价

目的 评价单纯牙周基础治疗对苯妥英钠（PHT）所致药物性牙龈增生的治疗效果。方法 选择佛山市禅城区向阳医院·禅城区口腔医院2011年1月至2013年6月因服用PHT导致牙龈增生的患者16例,在不停药亦不换药的情况下行牙周基础治疗,并于治疗前及治疗后1、3、6个月进行牙龈增生指数（GHI）、菌斑指数（PLI）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）、探诊深度（PD）等临床指标检查。结果 单纯牙周基础治疗后1、3、6个月的GHI、PLI、SBI、PD各项临床指标逐步改善,牙龈炎症逐步减轻,牙龈增生状况持续好转;与治疗前基线相比,差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。结论 单纯牙周基础治疗对PHT所致药物性牙龈增生有效。     

吸烟对牙周炎治疗前后龈沟液中弹性蛋白酶水平变化的影响

目的:比较吸烟和不吸烟的牙周炎患者治疗前后龈沟液中细胞外弹性蛋白酶EA-s和细胞内弹性蛋白酶EA-p水平的变化。方法:选取慢性牙周炎患者41人,共146个探诊出血,PD≥4 mm,CAL≥2 mm的牙周炎位点,将其分为吸烟组79个,非吸烟组67个。观察牙周治疗前后牙周临床指标PLI、G I、PD、CAL、BOP和龈沟液EA-s、EA-p水平的变化。结果:治疗前,吸烟组的G I和EA-s水平低于非吸烟组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组各临床指标,EA-s、EA-p水平均有不同程度下降。两组间,PLI、G I、BOP等临床指标无显著差异(P>0.05),非吸烟组EA-s、EA-p水平均较低(P<0.05)。结论:吸烟的牙周炎患者龈沟液中EA-s水平较低,但EA-p水平与非吸烟者差别不大。治疗后,非吸烟者龈沟液EA-s,EA-p水平更低,可能与吸烟者牙周治疗效果不佳有关。     

烤瓷冠修复对非依赖型糖尿病患者牙周状况的影响

目的：研究非依赖型糖尿病患者经牙周基础治疗后，进行烤瓷冠修复对牙周情况的影响。方法：选择非依赖型糖尿病与非糖尿病患者各一组，经牙周基础治疗，对比两组在烤瓷冠修复前、修复后学年及1年的口腔菌斑指数（PLI）、牙龈指数（GI）、探诊出血指数（BI）、探诊深度（PD）和临床附着丧失（AL）5项指标。结果：统计学分析，两组病人牙周情况在修复前、修复后半年及1年均无显著性意义。结论：经良好的牙周基础治疗与口腔健康维护，烤瓷冠修复对糖尿病患者牙周情况影响甚微。     

Clinical and pathological aspects on some odontogenic tumors

Odontogenic tumors constitute a very diverse group of lesions that reflects the complex processes of odontogenesis. Controversies over their classification/subtyping, terminology and diagnosis have been persisted, which has direct bearings on therapeutic and/or prognostic implications.     

Can you be too old for oral implants? An update on ageing and plasticity in the oro‐facial sensorimotor system

This review focuses on the capacity of the brain for plasticity and the utility and efficacy of oral implants in helping to restore oro‐facial sensorimotor functions, especially in elderly patients. The review first outlines the components of the oro‐facial sensorimotor system which encompasses both oro‐facial tissues and a number of brain regions. One such region is the sensorimotor cortex that controls the activity of the numerous oro‐facial skeletal muscles. These muscles are involved in a number of functions including reflexes and the more complex sensorimotor functions of mastication, swallowing and speech. The review outlines the use by the brain of sensory inputs from oro‐facial receptors in order to provide for exquisite sensorimotor control of the activity of the oro‐facial muscles. It highlights the role in this sensorimotor control played by periodontal mechanoreceptors and their sensory inputs to the brain, and how oral implants in concert with the plastic capacity of the brain may, at least in part, compensate for reduced sensorimotor functioning when teeth are lost. It outlines findings of ageing‐related decrements in oro‐facial sensorimotor functions and control. The changes in oro‐facial tissues and the brain that underlie these ageing‐related functional alterations are also considered, along with adaptive and compensatory processes that utilise the brain's capacity for plasticity. The review also notes the evidence t hat rehabilitation that incorporates adjunctive approaches such as sensorimotor training paradigms in addition to oral prostheses such as implants may enhance these processes and help maintain or facilitate recovery of sensorimotor functioning in the elderly.     

Tumor microenvironment in oral cancer: novel approaches for immunotherapy

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), which arises from the squamous mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, is a major health problem in the US and other parts of the world, especially in developing countries.     

牙槽骨再生正畸治疗伴牙槽骨缺损的成人错畸形远期疗效评价

目的：评价牙槽骨再生正畸治疗伴牙槽骨缺损的成人错畸形的远期疗效。方法伴牙槽骨缺损的成人错畸形3例,平均年龄29岁。经正颌-正畸联合会诊制订治疗计划,按照牙槽骨再生正畸及正颌-正畸联合治疗模式,分别进行系统治疗并随访2~3 a。结果3例患者均顺利完成治疗,面型及咬合关系获得良好改善;牙槽骨缺损区正畸牙移动到位且未见医源性牙周并发症,牙槽骨缺损区骨量增加明显且远期效果稳定。结论针对伴牙槽骨缺损的成人患者,牙槽骨再生正畸是一种较为理想的技术。     

Management of acute open flexor tendon injuries of the hand and wrist: basic sciences,surgical factors and rehabilitation pertinent to optimizing outcome

Flexor tendon injuries to the hand and wrist represent a significant resource burden to the UK NHS. A good understanding of tendon basic science and repair techniques is crucial for the surgeon undertaking their repair and rehabilitation. Furthermore, this is a common topic assessed in the FRCS(Orth) examination. This article will summarize the basic science relating to tendon structure, physiology and injury. Additionally, it will present key surgical and rehabilitation factors relevant to clinical outcomes.     

伴囊肿的上颌埋伏阻生中切牙早期引流助萌治疗

目的:探讨采用引流助萌的方法对伴囊肿的上颌埋伏阻生中切牙的早期治疗。方法:选取单侧上颌中切牙埋伏阻生、处于替牙早期伴囊肿的患者8例。外科囊肿切除同时对埋伏阻生上颌中切牙引流助萌治疗。治疗前后拍摄CBCT,Dolphin11.0软件测量矫治前后阻生牙及对侧正常同名牙的冠根长度。结果:8例患者的埋伏阻生上颌中切牙平均矫治时间6.7个月。矫治后阻生牙和对侧正常同名牙的冠根长度均有生长。阻生牙冠根长度较对侧正常同名牙明显短(P<0.05)。结论:本研究所采用引流助萌方法为埋伏阻生牙的矫治提供了一个安全、有效的新途径。     

In vitro calibration and validation of a digital subtraction radiography system using scanned images

OBJECTIVES: To calibrate and validate a digital subtraction radiography system using scanned images for quantification of alveolar bone changes by means of computer-assisted densitometric image analysis (CADIA) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Noise levels were determined using 10 standardized periapical radiographs of the same lower molar region in a human dry skull. For validation of the system, radiographs were taken before and after bovine bone particles in measures with increments of 2 mg weighing from 2 to 20 mg were added into each socket of three dry skulls. Radiographs were developed and scanned into a computer with a flatbed scanner. After digitization, the images were subjected to alignment, normalization and subtraction. Appropriate regions of interest (ROIs) were selected and their CADIA values were calculated for the determination of noise levels, and correlations between the CADIA values and the actual bone mass were performed. RESULTS: When the threshold value was 7, the percentage of pixels deviating from the set threshold value was small (0-11.3%). There were statistically significant correlations between the actual bone mass and the CADIA value for anterior sockets (p<0.001, r2=0.89) and posterior sockets (p<0.001, r2=0.9). For pooled data of both anterior and posterior sockets, the correlation was also statistically significant (p<0.001, r2=0.88). CONCLUSIONS: A high and statistically significant correlation between the actual bone mass and CADIA value was obtained, which suggests that the system could be suitable for the detection of small alveolar bone changes.     

Fabrication and characterisation of a novel biomimetic anisotropic ceramic/polymer-infiltrated composite material

Objective

To fabricate and characterise a novel biomimetic composite material consisting of aligned porous ceramic preforms infiltrated with polymer.

CBCT与RVG对下颌恒切牙根管形态评估的对比研究

目的:对比CBCT法与数字化X线成像法(RVG)对下颌恒切牙根管形态评估的差异。方法:对101颗离体牙进行唇舌向及近远中向数字化X线片拍摄和CBCT高清牙列模式扫描,对图像进行根管数目、Vertucci根管分型、根管钙化和根尖口开口位置的评估,并通过CBCT图像建立偏角度投照的三角函数模型,计算偏向投照的角度。结果:CBCT法显示有30颗为双根管,RVG近远中向投照显示有36颗为双根管,卡方检验显示对根管数目和Vertucci根管分型两种方法均具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。两种方法对根管钙化和根尖口开口位置的评估均不具有显著性差异。30颗双根管牙中下颌恒切牙唇舌向双根管的最大距离(LaL)在0~1.5 mm之间的,85.7%的为Vertucci III型,LaL在1.5~2 mm之间的,66.7%为Vertucci IV和V型。以根尖片上双根管显示距离为1 mm计算,LaL在1~2 mm之间的,偏向投照角度为26.6°~45.0°,LaL在0.1~1 mm之间的,偏向投照角度为45.0°~84.3°。结论:CBCT高清牙列模式扫描和RVG投照对于根管数目和Vertucci根管分型的评估具有显著性差异,对于根管钙化和根尖口开口位置的评估不具有显著性差异。LaL在1~2 mm之间时,偏角度投照的临床可操作性较强。