急性前壁心肌梗死伴心力衰竭患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗围手术期应用重组人B型钠尿肽的心肾保护效应

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) on cardiac and renal functions in heart failure (HF) patients as a result of acute anterior myocardial infarction (AAMI) in peri-operative period of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).Methods One hundred and twenty-six patients with AAMI-HF were enrolled into this study.All patients undertaken pPCI were randomly assigned to the rhBNP group (n=62) or the control group(n=64).rhBNP or nitroglycerin was intravenously administered on the basis of conventional treatment from first day of admission to 24 hours after pPCI in both groups.Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), estimated lomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and heart function were observed.All patients were followed up for 30 days for the observation of main adverse cardiac events (MACE).Results The HR was significantly decreased compared with that at admission in rhBNP group, but such condition was not found in the control group.The SBP was reduced obviously in both groups.The plasma level of BNP, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) were improved significantly at different time points compared with those before administration in both groups.The improvement of above parameters in rhBNP group was more significant than that in the control group[BNP (ng/L) 30 hours after pPCI: 303.5±128.4 vs.354.0± 133.6, 14 days after pPCI:157.8±78.6 vs.201.1±91.7; LVEF 1dayafter pPCI: 0.420±0.052 vs.0.378±0.055, 14 days after pPCI:0.444±0.050 vs.0.393±0.055, 30 days after pPCI: 0.469±0.053 vs.0.413±0.052; LVEDD (mm) 1 day after pPCI: 53.5±4.4 vs.57.6±4.4, 14 days after pPCI: 49.6±5.1 vs.53.4±4.6, 30 days after pPCI: 46.5±4.4 vs.50.2±4.8, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01].The eGFR was reduced obviously 1 day after pPCI than that at admission in both groups, and eGFR recovered to baseline 3 days after pPCI.The level of eGFR was significantly increased 7 days and 14 days after pPCI than that at admission, but there was no difference between rhBNP group and control group.The incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy showed a lowering tendency in the rhBNP group than that in the control group[19.4% (12/62) vs.29.7% (19/64),P=0.178].The incidence of ventricular arrhythmias was obviously lowered 7 days after pPCI in the rhBNP group than that in the control group[48.4% (30/62) vs.75.0% (48/64), P＜0.01].The rate of MACE was lower in rhBNP group than that in control group in 30 days[12.9% (8/62) vs.26.6% (17/64), P＜0.05].Conclusion Administration of rhBNP can effectively improve the heart function in AAMI-HF patients undergoing pPCI, and it lowered the incidence of MACE in 30 days, without influence on renal function, and it can reduce the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy.     

Effect of low-dose glucocorticoid on corticosteroid insufficient patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of critical illness-related corticosteroid insuffi ciency(CIRCI) and the effect of low-dose glucocorticoid on prognosis of CIRCI in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).METHODS: Since January 2010 to December 2012, 385 patients, who met the criteria of AECOPD, were enrolled in the Intensive Care Unit(ICU) of the First People's Hospital and Municipal Central Hospital of Xiangtan City. The AECOPD patients complicated with CIRCI screened by an adrenalcorticotrophic hormone test within 12 hours after admission to ICU were divided into a treatment group(n=32) and a control group(n=31) for a prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial. Hydrocortisone(150 mg/d) or normal saline was injected intravenously for 7 days. The patients were followed up for 28 days after injection. The endpoint included 28-day survival time, non-shock time, ICU stay and the period of non-mechanical ventilation. The markers ofinfl ammation C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6 and procalcitonin were measured at baseline and 7 days after treatment. The variables were analyzed by Student's t test, the non-parametric statistical test, the Chi-square test or the Kaplan-Meier method with SPSS18.0 statistic software. A P value 0.05 was considered statistically signifi cant.RESULTS: Totally 63 patients were diagnosed with CIRCI by an adrenalcorticotrophic hormone test and the prevalence rate was 16.4%. The shock rate of the AECOPD patients complicated with CIRCI was higher than that of the AECOPD patients without CIRCI(23.8% vs. 8.7%, P0.01). KaplanMeier analysis revealed that the 28-day survival time of the treatment group was obviously longer than that of the control group(P0.05). Compared with the control group, shock-free days within 28 days was longer in the treatment group(18.2±9.5 vs. 25.8±4.1, P0.05). Treatment with low-dose glucocorticoid obviously decreased the markers ofinfection and inflammation(P0.01), such as C-reactive protein(13.2±5.5 mg/L vs. 8.3±3.1 mg/L for the control group; 13.5±5.9 mg/L vs. 5.1±2.3 mg/L for the treatment group), tumor necrosis factor-α(26.1±16.2 g/L vs. 17.5±11.7 g/L for the control group; 25.0±14.8 g/L vs. 10.4±7.8 g/L for the treatment group) and procalcitonin(3.88 g/L vs. 2.03 g/L for the control group; 3.77 g/L vs. 1.26 g/L for the treatment group). Furthermore, the markers in the treatment group decreased more obviously than those in the control group(P0.01).CONCLUSION: The prevalence rate of CIRCI was higher in the patients with AECOPD in the department of critical medicine, and low-dose glucocorticoid treatment for one week reduced the 28-day mortality, shock time and markers ofinfection and infl ammation.     

Post-dilatation improves stent apposition in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction receiving primary percutaneous intervention: A multicenter,randomized controlled trial using optical coherence tomography

Stent failure is more likely in the lipid rich and thrombus laden culprit lesions underlying ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study assessed the effectiveness of post-dilatation in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) for acute STEMI. METHODS: The multi-center POST-STEMI trial enrolled 41 consecutive STEMI patients with symptom onset <12 hours undergoing manual thrombus aspiration and Promus Element stent implantation. Patients were randomly assigned to control group (n=20) or post-dilatation group (n=21) in which a non-compliant balloon was inflated to >16 atm pressure. Strut apposition and coverage were evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) after intracoronary verapamil administration via thrombus aspiration catheter, post pPCI and at 7-month follow-up. The primary endpoint was rate of incomplete strut apposition (ISA) at 7 months after pPCI. RESULTS: There were similar baseline characteristics except for stent length (21.9 [SD 6.5] mm vs. 26.0 [SD 5.8] mm, respectively, P=0.03). In post-dilatation vs. control group, ISA rate was lower (2.5% vs. 4.5%, P=0.04) immediately after pPCI without affecting nal TIMI ow 3 rate (95.2% vs. 95.0%, P>0.05) or corrected TIMI frame counts (22.6±9.4 vs .22.0±9.7, P>0.05);and at 7-month follow-up (0.7% vs .1.8%, P<0.0001), the primary study endpoint, with similar strut coverage (98.5% vs. 98.4%, P=0.63) and 1-year rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). CONCLUSION: In STEMI patients, post-dilatation after stent implantation and thrombus aspiration improved strut apposition up to 7 months without affecting coronary blood ow or 1-year MACE rate. Larger and longer term studies are warranted to further assess safety.     

Clinical effect of combined application of Maizhiling tablets and salmon calcitonin after artificial femoral head replacement in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture

Objective To study the clinical effect of Maizhiling tablets combined with salmon calcitonin in the treatment of elderly femoral neck fracture after artificial femoral head replacement and the influencing factors of hip joint function 6 months after operation. Methods Prospective research methods were used in this article.A total of 84 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture who underwent artificial femoral head replacement in the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology from January 2017 to June 2019 were selected and randomly divided into the treatment group (41 cases) and the control group (43 cases) by the random number table method.The treatment group was treated with Maizhiling tablet and salmon calcitonin nasal spray plus basic calcium; the control group was treated with basic calcium.Independent sample t test was used to compare the visual analogue score (VAS) on the 5th day after operation, the time of complete disappearance of congestion in thigh, and the time of first ambulation after operation between the two groups.The bone mineral density (BMD) of contralateral femoral neck and Harris score of hip joint function were compared between the two groups at 14 days, 3 months and 6 months after operation by repeated measurement variance analysis.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hip joint function at 6 months after operation. Results VAS score on the 5th day after surgery: (6.34±1.54) points in the treatment group and (7.02±1.50) points in the control group.Complete regression time of thigh congestion: (12.12±2.27) d in the treatment group and (13.88±2.58) d in the control group.The first postoperative activity time was (5.93±1.52) d in the treatment group and (7.84±1.05) d in the control group, and the differences of the above indexes between the two groups were statistically significant (t value was 2.051, 3.313, 6.673, respectively, all P<0.05). The BMD values of the contralateral femoral neck in the treatment group were (0.543±0.123), (0.561±0.119), (0.606±0.105) g/cm2 at 14 days, 3 months and 6 months after operation, and (0.530±0.092), (0.517±0.089), (0.526±0.090) g/cm2 in the control group.The results of variance analysis of repeated measurements showed that Fintra-group=55.726, P<0.01; Finter-group=4.206, P<0.05; Finteraction=57.654, P<0.01.There were significant differences between 3 months, 6 months and 14 days after operation in the treatment group (all P<0.01), and between 3 months and 6 months after operation (P<0.01). In the control group, there was significant difference between 14 days and 3 months (P<0.01), and between 3 months and 6 months (P<0.01); 6 months after operation, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The Harris scores of hip joint in the treatment group were (82.12±8.18), (85.49±6.61), (87.10±6.57) points and (78.91±5.75), (81.44±6.42), (83.67±6.97) points in the control group.The results of repeated measurement ANOVA showed that Fintra-group=64.526, P<0.01; Finter-group=6.529, P<0.05; Finteraction=0.501, P>0.05.There were significant differences between 3 months, 6 months and 14 days after operation (all P<0.01). There were significant differences between 3 months and 6 months after operation (P<0.05). There were significant differences between the groups 14 days, 3 months and 6 months after operation (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.318, 95%CI1.002-1.732, P=0.048) and treatment method (OR=29.168, 95%CI 1.030-824.623, P=0.048) were risk factors for hip function on the replacement side, and Harris score of hip function 14 days after surgery (OR=0.624, 95%CI 0.447-0.873, P=0.006) were protective factors for hip function 6 months after surgery. Conclusion Maizhiling tablets and salmon calcitonin nasal spray have good effects on removing blood stasis, relieving pain, effectively improving bone mineral density and promoting the recovery of joint function after artificial femoral head replacement for senile femoral neck fracture.The younger age of patients, postoperative treatment with Maizhiling tablets combined with salmon calcitonin and good recovery of hip function in 14 days after operation are the protective factors of good hip function in 6 months after operation. © 2021, Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltd. All rights reserved.     

Value of serum procalcitonin and B-type natriuretic peptide in diagnosis and predicting prognosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia in critically ill patients北大核心CSCD

Objective To examine the value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in critically ill patients prospectively. Methods A total of 72 critically ill HAP patients were enrolled in intensive care unit (ICU). Another 30 patients surviving the perioperative period in ICU were taken as control. Serum levels of PCT and BNP were determined on days 1, 2, 3 and 7 after HAP diagnosis and compared with control group. The value of the two indicators for diagnosis of HAP was analyzed by the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). The HAP patients were assigned to survivor group (n=53) or non-survivor group (n=19) based on 28-day survival state after diagnosis. Dynamic change of PCT and BNP levels (ΔPCT, ΔBNP) was compared between two groups to assess the value of PCT and BNP change in predicting the prognosis of HAP. Results The initial PCT and BNP levels in HAP group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). The AUC of PCT and BNP were 0.627±0.059 (95% CI: 0.511-0.742, P=0.045), 0.894±0.030 (95% CI: 0.835-0.954, P=0.000), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of PCT were 65.3%, 66.7%, 82.5% and 44.5%, respectively; and of BNP were 72.2%, 93.3%, 96.3% and 58.3%, respectively. During the first two days after diagnosis, no significant difference was found beween survivor group and non-survivor group in terms of serum PCT or BNP level, but significant difference was found on Days 3 and 7 (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation beween ΔPCT or ΔBNP and ICU stay (P>0.05). The AUC of ΔPCT and ΔBNP was 0.804±0.065 (95% CI: 0.605-0.861, P=0.003) and 0.733±0.065 (95% CI: 0.677-0.932, P=0.000), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of ΔPCT were 77.4%, 78.9%, 56.8% and 90.7%, respectively; and of ΔBNP were 75.5%, 68.4%, 46.1% and 88.6%, respectively. Conclusions Monitoring of the dynamic change of serum PCT and BNP levels only provides limited utility in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of HAP in critically ill patients. © by Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.     

Study on the mechanism of resolvin D1 in alleviating brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation through the inhibition of autophagy in pigs北大核心CSCD

Objective To investigate the mechanism of resolvin D1 (RvD1) in alleviating brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) through regulating autophagy pathway in pigs. Methods Nineteen male domestic pigs, weighing 30-41 kg, were divided into 3 groups using a random number table method: sham group (S group, n=5), CPR group (n=7), and RvD1 group (n=7). In the S group, the animals only experienced general preparation. In the CPR and RvD1 groups, the pig CPR model was established by 8 min of cardiac arrest caused by electrically induced ventricular fibrillation, and followed by 5 min of CPR. At 5 min after resuscitation, a dose of 0.6 μg/kg of resolvin D1 was injected via femoral vein in the RvD1 group, and the same amount of vehicle was similarly administered in the other two groups. At 1, 3, 6, and 24 h after resuscitation, blood samples were collected from the femoral vein to measure serum concentrations of neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S100β protein by ELISA. At 24 h after resuscitation, neurological function was evaluated by neurological deficit score (NDS), and then the animals were euthanized to obtain cerebral cortex for measuring the expressions of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3 II) and p62 by Western blot. The variables were compared with One-way analysis of variance and then the Bonferroni test among the three groups. Results During 24 h after resuscitation, the NDS was significantly increased accompanied with significantly greater concentrations of NSE and S100β in serum in the CPR and RvD1 groups compared to the S group (all P<0.05). However, the NDS was significantly decreased at 24 h after resuscitation [(182±34) vs.(124±18), P<0.05], and serum NSE and S100β were significantly reduced starting 3 h after resuscitation in the RvD1 group compared to the CPR group [NSE (ng/mL): (23.1±3.8) vs. (18.0±2.2) at 3 h, (27.3±2.9) vs. (19.8±1.4) at 6 h, and (28.1±1.3) vs. (15.1±2.1) at 24 h; S100B (pg/mL): (1 611±208) vs. (1 322±100) at 3 h, (1 825±197) vs. (1 410±102) at 6 h, and (1 613±138) vs. (1 183±139) at 24 h, all P<0.05]. The expression levels of p-AMPK and LC3 II were significantly increased while the expression levels of p-mTOR and p62 were significantly decreased at 24 h after resuscitation in the CPR and RvD1 groups compared to the S group (all P<0.05). However, the expression levels of p-AMPK and LC3 II were significantly lower and the expression levels of p-mTOR and p62 were significantly higher at 24 h after resuscitation in the RvD1 group compared to the CPR group [p-AMPK: (0.28±0.08) vs. (0.17±0.03); LC3 II: (0.33±0.09) vs. (0.21±0.04); p-mTOR: (0.13±0.02) vs. (0.16±0.02); p62: (0.16±0.05) vs. (0.22±0.02), all P<0.05]. Conclusions The protective mechanism by which RvD1 alleviates brain injury after CPR in pigs might be related to the inhibition of neuronal autophagy mediated by AMPK/mTOR pathway. © 2022 Chinese Medical Association. All rights reserved.     

粒细胞集落刺激因子对脑缺血大鼠骨髓干细胞分布及脑保护作用的影响

目的 研究人重组粒细胞集落刺激因子(rG-CSF)对骨髓干细胞(BMSCs)在脑缺血大鼠血液和脑组织中的分布变化及抗脑缺血损伤的影响.方法 将106只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为假手术组(10只)、模型组(48只)、rG-CSF组(48只),后两组再分为术后2、3、7、14 d亚组,每个亚组12只.用改良线栓法制备大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型.rG-CSF组于术前3 d和术后2 d皮下注射rG-CSF 10μg/kg,假手术组和模型组给予等量生理盐水,均每日1次.术后各时间点进行神经功能评分;取腹主动脉血,测定外周血白细胞计数(WBC)及CD34+细胞计数;观察脑组织病理改变;并用免疫组化法测定脑组织CD34+细胞表达.结果 ①制模后2 d大鼠神经功能评分即显著降低,随后逐渐升高;rG-CSF组术后7 d和14 d神经功能评分(分)较模型组显著增高(7 d:11.86±0.69比10.53±0.76,14 d:13.38±0.52比12.38±0.52,均P<0.01).②制模后2 dSb周血WBC和CD34+细胞计数即显著增加,3 d达峰值,7 d和14 d降低;除14 d CD34+细胞计数外,rG-CSF组其余时间点WBC和CD34+细胞计数均较模型组明显增加[WBC(×109/L)2 d:11.75±1.76比8.07±1.27,3 d:13.07±1.70比10.88±1.78,7 d:8.63±1.36比5.58±1.57,14 d:6.98±0.98比4.87±0.92;CD34+细胞计数(个/μl)2 d:8.83±2.14比3.17±0.75,3 d:13.50±1.87比5.00±1.55,7 d:5.33±1.21比2.33±1.21,P<0.05或P<0.013.③制模后2 d大鼠脑组织CD34+细胞表达即明显增强,7 d达峰值,14 d降低;rG-CSF组各时间点CD34+表达[吸光度(A)值]均较模型组显著增加(2 d:43.21±4.41比22.04±2.95,3 d:45.79±1.76比25.69±2.44,7 d:52.09±2.86比33.04±2.62,14 d:29.73±1.99比16.91±2.95,均P<0.01).④rG-CSF组脑组织病理损伤较模型组减轻,以14 d改善明显.结论 脑缺血可引起BMSCs进入外周血及向脑组织归巢,其在外周血和脑组织的变化呈先增多再减少的特点,分别于缺血后3 d和7 d达峰值;rG-CSF可使进入外周血和脑组织的BMSCs明显增加.BMSCs动员对脑缺血损伤的保护作用明显,且随动员后时间的延长呈增强趋势.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the influence of recombination granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF)on mobilization and distribution of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in blood and brain tissue,and its role in protecting brain in rats with cerebral ischemia.Methods One hundred and six SpragueDawley(SD)rats were divided into sham-operated group (n=10),model group(n=48),rG-CSF group (n=48) according to the method of random digital table,and rats in model and rG-CSF groups were divided into four subgroups:i.e.2,3,7 and 14 days subgroups,with 12 rats in each subgroup.Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model was reproduced with nylon thread.In rats of rG-CSF group rG-CSF (10 btg/kg)was administered by subcutaneous injection 3 days before and 2 days after operation respectively,once a day.Rats in sham-operated and model groups were administered with normal saline in the same volume,once a day.At the corresponding time after operation,general neural function score(GNFS)of rats was measured.Blood was collected through abdominal aorta,then white blood cell (WBC) and CD34+ cells in peripheral blood were counted.Brain pathologic changes were observed,and expression of CD34+ cells in rats brain tissue was determined by using immunohistochemical method.Results ①GNFS was lower obviously in 2-day model group compared with that in sham-operated group,and then increased gradually.At 7 days and 14 days after operation,GNFS in rG-CSF group was higher significantly than that in model group (7 days:11.86±0.69 vs.10.53±0.76,14 days:13.38±0.52 vs.12.38±0.52,both P<0.01).②WBC and CD34+ cells in peripheral blood in model group increased obviously,with the highest level appeared at 3 days and lowered at 7 days and 14 days.Increase of WBC and CD34+ cells in rats of rG-CSF group was more obvious than that of model group at each time point except CD34+ in 14 days group [WBC (×109/L)2 days:11.75±1.76 vs.8.07±1.27,3 days:13.07±1.70 vs.10.88±1.78,7 days:8.63±1.36 vs.5.58士1.57,14 days:6.98士0.98 vs.4.87士0.92;CD34'(cells/t~1)2 days:8.83±2.14 vs.3.17±0.75,3 days:13.50±1.87 vs.5.00±1.55,7 days:5.33±1.21 vs.2.33±1.21,P<0.05 or P<0.01].③Expression of CD34+ cells in the brain of rats in 2-day model group increased significantly,and the highest level appeared at 7 days and decreased at 14 days.Absorbance (A) value of CD34+ cells expression in rat brains of each rG-CSF group was more significant than that in model group(2 days:43.21±4.41 vs.22.04±2.95,3 days:45.79±1.76 vs.25.69±2.44,7 days:52.09±2.86 vs.33.04±2.62,14 days:29.73±1.99 vs.16.91±2.95,all P<0.01).④ The signs of injury to brain in pathological examination were less obvious in 14 days rG-CSF group.Conclusion BMSCs could be induced to enter peripheral blood and "home" to brain tissue after cerebral ischemia.It was showed that BMSCs increased in number at first and then decreased in peripheral blood and brain,the peak number was found on 3rd day in peripheral blood and 7th day in brain.Mobilization with rG-CSF could increase the number of BMSCs in peripheral blood and brain tissue.The effect of mobilization of BMSCs on protecting brain was significant after cerebral ischemia,and effect appeared to be more pronounced with prolongation of mobilization.     

The mobilization of stem cells promote the recovery of the ischemia brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation北大核心CSCD

Objective: To explore the therapeutic potential and mechanism of stem cells mobilized by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and AMD3100 to repair global cerebral ischemia injuries in a rat model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Methods: Cardiac arrest was induced by asphyxia. Fifty-six SD rats were randomly assigned into four groups: G-CSF group, G-CSF + AMD3100 group, CPR control group and sham operated group. The animals were sacrificed at 3d and 6d after CPR respectively. The neurological status and morphological changes of damaged cerebrum, the apoptosis of nerve cells and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressed in brain tissue and capillary density in hippocampus and temporal lobe cortex were measured and analyzed by means of neurological deficit score (NDS), adhesive tape removal test (TRT), ELISA, MRI and immunofluorescence. Results: NDS in G-CSF + AMD3100 group (61. 4 ± 10. 7) was significantly higher than that in CPR control group (49. 9 ± 10. 4) at 3 d after CPR (P <0. 05). And less time consumption for TRT found in G-CSF + AMD3100 group (85. 5 ±28. 9) s rather than was in CPR control group (148. 1 ± 23.8) s and G-CSF group (118.5±30.4) s (P < 0. 05). The severity of cerebral injury assessed by MRI was significantly milder at both 3 d and 6 d in the two stem cell mobilization groups. The apoptosis rate of nerve cells in G-CSF + AMD3100 group (0.23 ±0.06) was significantly lower than that in G-CSF group (0. 34 ± 0. 08) at 3 d after CPR, and that in both stem cell mobilization groups was lower than that in CPR control group (0.44 ± 0. 09) (P < 0. 05). At 3 d and 6 d after CPR, the levels of VEGF in brain tissue were (106. 2 ± 23. 3) pg/mL and (79. 9 ± 18. 4) pg/mL in G-CSF + AMD3100 group, and were (50. 6 ± 13. 7) pg/mL and (73. 9 ± 16. 6) pg/mL in G-CSF group, which were both significantly higher than that in CPR control group (23. 1 ± 10. 2) pg/mL and (36. 2 ± 12. 8) pg/mL (P < 0. 05). At 3 d after CPR, the cerebral capillary density (351. 8 ±67. 9) branches in every high power field (A/HPF) was significantly higher in G-CSF+ AMD3100 group than that (301. 4 ±77. 3) A/HPF in G-CSF group and (250.4 ±48.0) A/HPF in CPR control group (P < 0. 05). The cerebral capillary density in G-CSF group elevated to (348. 4 ±76. 7) A/HPF at 6 d after CPR which was significantly higher than that at 3 d (P <0. 05), and there was no difference between that at 3 d and 6 d in G-CSF + AMD3100 group. Conclusions: The mobilization stem cells improve the impaired neurological function. The increased expression of VEGF in brain tissue, the neo-vascularization promoted by the mobilized stem cells and the inhibition of nerve cell apoptosis may be associated with the protective effects of the stem cell mobilization.     

Omi/HtrA2在窒息后血清诱导人近曲肾小管皮细胞凋亡中的作用

Objective To investigate the mechanism of inducing apoptosis of Omi/HtrA2 in renal tubular cells with postasphyxial serum of neonate. Methods Human renal proximal tubular cell line HK-2 cell was used as target cell. They were divided into three groups: control group, asphyxia group and Ucf-101 (Omi/HtrA2 special inhibitor) treated group. The challenge concentration of serum obtained from neonates 24 hours after asphyxia was 20%,and the treatment concentration of Ucf-101 was 10 μmol/L.The Omi/HtrA2 translocation in renal tubular cells was observed with confocal microscopy, and the rate of apoptosis was detected with flow cytometer. Results It was found that Omi/HtrA2 was translocated into cytoplasm in asphyxia group, and the rate of Omi/HtrA2 translocation in HK-2 cells of asphyxia group was significantly increased [(28. 1 % vs. (9.4±2.1)%, P<0. 01]. Compared with the control group, after being treated with postasphyxial serum, the rate of apoptosis of HK-2 cells in asphyxia group wa ssignificantly increased [(36. 3±4. 4)% vs. (12. 4±2. 9) %, P<0. 01]. Compared with asphyxia group, the rate of apoptosis in HK-2 cells in Ucf-101 treated group was significantly decreased [(27. 0± 3. 9)% vs. (36.3±4.4) %, P<0. 01]. Conclusion These experimental data demonstrates that postasphyxial serum of neonate can induce apoptosis of HK-2 cells, and translocation of Omi/HtrA2 from mitochondria into cyto-plasm may play an important role in its intracellular signal transduetion mechanism in induction of apoptosis.     

Omi/HtrA2在窒息后血清诱导人近曲肾小管皮细胞凋亡中的作用

Objective To investigate the mechanism of inducing apoptosis of Omi/HtrA2 in renal tubular cells with postasphyxial serum of neonate. Methods Human renal proximal tubular cell line HK-2 cell was used as target cell. They were divided into three groups: control group, asphyxia group and Ucf-101 (Omi/HtrA2 special inhibitor) treated group. The challenge concentration of serum obtained from neonates 24 hours after asphyxia was 20%,and the treatment concentration of Ucf-101 was 10 μmol/L.The Omi/HtrA2 translocation in renal tubular cells was observed with confocal microscopy, and the rate of apoptosis was detected with flow cytometer. Results It was found that Omi/HtrA2 was translocated into cytoplasm in asphyxia group, and the rate of Omi/HtrA2 translocation in HK-2 cells of asphyxia group was significantly increased [(28. 1 % vs. (9.4±2.1)%, P<0. 01]. Compared with the control group, after being treated with postasphyxial serum, the rate of apoptosis of HK-2 cells in asphyxia group wa ssignificantly increased [(36. 3±4. 4)% vs. (12. 4±2. 9) %, P<0. 01]. Compared with asphyxia group, the rate of apoptosis in HK-2 cells in Ucf-101 treated group was significantly decreased [(27. 0± 3. 9)% vs. (36.3±4.4) %, P<0. 01]. Conclusion These experimental data demonstrates that postasphyxial serum of neonate can induce apoptosis of HK-2 cells, and translocation of Omi/HtrA2 from mitochondria into cyto-plasm may play an important role in its intracellular signal transduetion mechanism in induction of apoptosis.     

重组人脑利钠肽对感染性休克患者心功能的动态影响

目的 通过单中心前瞻性随机对照研究观察重组人脑利钠肽(rhBNP)对感染性休克患者心功能及组织灌注的影响,并进行动态分析.方法 2014年1月至2016年2月,对广东省人民医院ICU病区共100例感染性休克患者进行前瞻性研究,全部病例参照6h早期目标导向治疗方案(EGDT),采用随机数字表法随机产生49例试验组患者(应用rhBNP),51例对照组患者(不使用rhBNP).主要观察指标为两组患者治疗72 h后的心脏指数(CI)和静脉血中氨基末端BNP前体(NT-proBNP)水平,次要观察指标为治疗72 h后患者的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、经皮血氧饱和度(SPO2)及乳酸水平(Lac).同时记录试验组和对照组应用rhBNP后即刻、24 h、48 h及72 h的NT-proBNP、Lac及HR、CI、MAP、SPO2的变化,以明确应用rhBNP后的动态变化情况.最后比较两组患者ICU住院天数和28 d病死率.结果 治疗前两组患者基线资料差异无统计学意义.治疗72 h后,主要观察指标:试验组患者的Pro-BNP明显低于对照组[P=0.030;试验组和对照组Pro-BNP分别为(14 965.7 ±5 984.5) pg/mL、(17 392.5±3 830.5) pg/mL;试验组患者的CI有明显提高,P=0.002;试验组和对照组的CI分别为:(4.0±0.2)、(3.7±0.6)].次要观察指标:Lac有明显下降趋势[P=0.001;试验组和对照组Lac分别为(2.4±0.6)mmol/L、(3.7±0.6) mmol/L].试验组24h后HR明显下降[患者治疗前HR为(113.3±7.2)次/min,经rhBNP治疗24h后HR为(97.5±14.7)次/min],但与治疗24 h点比较,随后24 ～72 h HR无明显变化;MAP、SPO2在rhBNP治疗前后无明显改变.与对照组比较,试验组患者ICU住院时间明显缩短[(12.93±7.45) dvs.(20.67±6.96)d,P＜0.01),28 d病死率显著降低(30.6％(15/49) vs.54.9％ (28/51),P=0.014).结论 rhBNP治疗72 h后能明显降低感染性休克患者Pro-BNP及乳酸水平,提升心脏指数,提示其可改善感染性休克患者的心功能及组织灌注,最终缩短其ICU住院时间,降低28 d病死率.     

国产冻干重组人脑利钠肽应用于难治性冠心病心力衰竭患者临床疗效观察

目的 观察国产冻干重组人脑利钠肽(rhBNP)治疗难治性冠心病心力衰竭的临床疗效.方法 入选7例难治性冠心病心力衰竭患者在常规治疗基础上,予国产冻干rhBNP,同时停用其他静脉扩血管药物.rhBNP冲击量以1.5 μg/kg在60～90 s匀速静脉注射,继以0.0075～0.01 μg/(kg·min)持续静脉注射48～72 h.分别在给药0、15、30 min和1、2、4、8、12、24、48 h记录呼吸困难程度、尿量、全身临床状况、心率及血压,并测量中心静脉压,测定治疗前后血钾、血钠、血肌酐、血浆BNP.结果 经国产冻干rhBNP治疗,7例患者中按呼吸困难程度评估5例好转,按临床状况评估6例好转.治疗15 min时收缩压较治疗前有所下降[(105.14±7.76)比(112.00±10.42)mm Hg,P＜0.05],30 min后收缩压为(108.71±6.63)mm Hg恢复至治疗前水平.治疗前后心率[(88.57±16.92)比(86.00±16.21)次/min]、血钠[(133.57±5.38)比(133.57±8.16)mmol/L]、血钾[(3.83±0.37)比(4.19±0.58)mmol/L]、血肌酐[(93.11±27.90)比(123.01±93.01)μmol/L]及治疗前与治疗24 h时血浆BNP[(1218.43±847.83)比(1433.71±676.08)ns/L]比较差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).治疗前后尿量比较差异无统计学意义[(2329±1573)比(2126±1074)ml,P＞0.05],但利尿剂用量明显减少.中心静脉压于治疗30 min～48 h均较前逐渐下降(P均＜0.05).结论 国产冻干rhBNP治疗难治性冠心病心力衰竭有较好的临床疗效,能有效降低中心静脉压,增加尿量,而对电解质及肾功能没有明显影响.     

胰岛素对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死伴应激性高血糖患者近期预后的影响

目的 探讨胰岛素治疗对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ASTEMI)伴应激性高血糖患者近期预后的影响.方法 将128例ASTEMI伴应激性高血糖患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各64例,均给予抗凝、抗血小板、他汀类、β受体阻滞剂、硝酸酯类药物和血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素受体拮抗剂(ARB)治疗,治疗组在此基础上给予50 U胰岛素(选用诺和灵R)加入50 ml生理盐水中静脉泵入.分别在治疗前和治疗后第7天抽取静脉血,测定空腹血糖、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP),并比较两组的近期预后情况.结果 治疗组治疗后空腹血糖较治疗前显著下降[(5.4±0.8)、(11.6±2.3)mmol/L,t =13.97,P＜0.01],而对照组无明显变化[(10.7±2.1)、(11.2±2.7) mmol/L,t =1.79,P＞0.05].两组患者的hs-CRP均较治疗前显著下降[治疗组(6.2±1.5)、(12.8±2.4) mg/L,t=14.26;对照组(8.7±1.8)、(13.1±2.6)mg/L,t=10.97,P均＜0.01].两组治疗后空腹血糖、hs-CRP比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-9.78、-0.37,P均＜0.01).随访3个月,治疗组患者主要不良心脏事件发生率低于对照组[ 12.50％ (8/64)与34.38％ (22/64),X2=5.02,P＜0.05].结论 胰岛素治疗能改善ASTEMI伴应激性高血糖患者的近期预后.     

复方丹参对脑梗死患者神经功能缺损程度及自由基的影响

背景脑梗死有多种发病机制,自由基及其脂质过氧化作用参与了动脉粥样硬化和脑缺血后神经细胞的损害过程.复方丹参是一种临床上常用的治疗脑梗死和冠心病的活血化瘀中药,其作用机制还有许多不明之处.目的观察复方丹参对脑梗死患者神经功能缺损程度及自由基的影响,并探讨其可能作用机制.设计随机对照研究.单位一所大学医院的神经内科.对象2002-02/12锦州医学院附属第一医院神经内科住院患者538例,其诊断符合第四届全国脑血管病学术会议通过的"各类脑血管疾病诊断要点",均经脑CT扫描确诊,均为发病在72 h以内的首次发病的动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者.排除伴有心肌梗死、心力衰竭、心房颤动,肝肾功能不全,消化道出血,血管性痴呆和延髓麻痹以及中途不合作者.符合上述标准的患者为68例,其中男38例,女30例;年龄52～78岁,平均(64.62±5.80)岁.入选病例按先后顺序和对照组自愿原则采用抽签法随机分成研究组和对照组.方法两组基础治疗相同,研究组在此基础上加用复方丹参注射液,加入生理盐水250mL中静脉注射,1次/d,连用14 d为1个疗程;对照组应用血栓通注射液15 mL,加入生理盐水250 mL中静脉注射,1次/d,连用14 d为1个疗程.主要观察指标①临床神经功能缺损程度评分.②临床疗效评定.③血清脂质过氧化物(lipoperoxide,LPO)水平和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性的测定.结果两组治疗后神经功能缺损程度评分的减少经自身对照均具有统计学差异(研究组28.62±6.76比13.84±8.16和对照组28.58±7.05比21.52±8.24,t=8.134和t=3.796,P＜0.001),而研究组评分的减少更明显,与对照组治疗后比较差异有非常显著性意义(t=3.861,P＜0.001);复方丹参治疗脑梗死的有效率为88.24%,显著优于对照组(67.65%)(x2=4.19,P＜0.05);复方丹参能使患者血清的LPO水平[(8.69±1.28)nmol/L比(5.86±1.42)nmol/L,t=8.628,P＜0.001]明显降低,与对照组治疗后相比亦具有统计学差异[(5.86±1.42)nmol/L比(8.56±0.95)nmol/L,t=9.125,P＜0.001];同时显著升高血清的SOD活性[(26.25±4.64)mkat/g比(30.01±3.87)mkat/g,t=3.629,P＜0.001],与对照组治疗后相比亦具有统计学差异[(30.01±3.87)mkat/g比(26.33±4.14)mkat/g,t=3.778,P＜0.001 ].结论复方丹参能显著改善脑梗死患者的神经功能缺损程度,治疗脑梗死疗效确切;能降低脑梗死患者血清LPO含量,升高血清SOD活性.推测清除自由基和抗脂质过氧化损伤可能是其重要的机制之一,为其在临床上治疗脑梗死提供了进一步的理论依据.     

严重延迟复苏烧伤休克患者血浆脑钠肽的变化

目的 观察严重延迟复苏烧伤休克患者早期血浆脑钠肽(BNP)水平的变化,探讨其对延迟休克复苏的临床意义.方法 选择36例烧伤总体表面积32%～92%、深Ⅱ度至Ⅲ度的严重延迟复苏烧伤患者.采用电化学发光(ECL)法动态检测10例严重烧伤休克延迟复苏时并发心力衰竭者(休克伴心衰组)和26例延迟复苏休克期渡过较平稳者(休克复苏后平稳组)入院即刻、入院3 h及伤后24、48、72、168 h血浆BNP、血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平,同时检查左室射血分数(LVEF)的变化.结果 心衰组人院3 h及伤后24、48、72 h血浆BNP浓度(ng/L)较平稳组明显升高(入院3 h;1 521.38±121.11比391.36±63.27,伤后24 h:2 516.86±193.25比360.79±146.56,伤后48 h:1 587.76±169.23比398.92±77.46,伤后72 h:974.45±166.33比283.43±68.15,均P＜0.01),LVEF明显降低(入院3 h:0.33±0.03比0.58±0.09,伤后24 h:0.36±0.09比0.60±0.10,伤后48 h:0.35±0.08比0.62±0.11,伤后72 h:0.39±0.10比0.64±0.10,均P＜0.05);两组LDH(μmol·s-1·L-1:平稳组人院即刻2.87±0.50、入院3 h 3.02±0.43、伤后24 h 4.02±0.87,伤后48 h 6.90±0.87、伤后72 h 3.64±0.75、伤后168 h 2.67±0.45,心衰组分别为2.97±1.40、3.84±0.37、4.29±0.45、8.50±0.38、3.84±0.62、2.30±0.38)及CK-MB(U/L:平稳组入院即刻59.12±13.75、入院3 h 70.39±10.72、伤后24 h 79.29±17.27、伤后48 h 67.44±12.77、伤后72 h30.28±7.13、伤后168 h 21.44±3.15,心衰组分别为65.76±16.38、81.46±7.92、86.43±14.19、72.53±11.27、36.39±6.18、22.85±7.26)的变化比较差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 血浆BNP浓度测定可作为严重烧伤休克复苏时检测心衰的一项简便易行的有效方法.     

不同晶胶比液体复苏对重症急性胰腺炎患者血管外肺水指数的影响

目的 探讨不同晶胶比液体复苏对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)患者血管外肺水(EVLW)的影响.方法 回顾性分析本院2009年1月至2010年12月重症医学科24例SAP患者的临床资料.所有患者的胸内血容量指数(ITBVI)均＜750 ml/m2,以ITBVI 850～1 000 ml/m2作为复苏终点.以晶胶比3:1为界,将患者分成低晶胶比组(13例)和高晶胶比组(11例),观察液体复苏前及复苏后即刻(0)、24、48、72 h患者血流动力学、血管外肺水指数(EVLWI)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)、膀胱内压(ICP)、B型钠尿肽(BNP)的变化;采用脉搏指示连续心排血量(PiCCO)热稀释法测定EVLWI,用放射免疫法测定BNP.结果 ①早期采用不同晶胶比液体复苏均可改善SAP患者血流动力学指标.②复苏后72 h高晶胶比组总液体量[(16 438±1 758)ml]、晶体液量[(13 459±425)m1]及晶/胶比值(4.50±0.23)均明显高于低晶胶比组[分别为(13 895±1 783)ml、(6 945±454)ml、2.32±0.18,P＜0.05或P＜0.01].③与低晶胶比组比较,高晶胶比组复苏后48 h和72 hPaO2/FiO2(mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)明显下降(48 h:186.51±42.26比268.35±34.18,72 h:172.85±21.50比263.95±24.20),EVLWI、ICP及BNP均明显升高[EVLWI(ml/kg)48 h:14.52±1.08比10.40±1.16,72 h:14.92±0.86比10.52±1.02;ICP(cm H2O,1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa)48 h:16.23±1.32比13.05±1.70,72 h:17.39±1.56比13.42±1.65;BNP(ng/L)48 h:424.29±74.25比225.32±53.58,72 h:620.49+79.53比288.28±68.78,P＜0.05或P＜0.01].④Pearson相关分析显示:EVLWI与PaO2/FiO2呈显著负相关(r=-0.71,P＜0.01),与ICP、BNP呈显著正相关(r1=0.63,r2=0.56,均P＜0.01).结论 对SAP患者早期应监测EVLWI、ICP及BNP以指导液体复苏,且宜采用提高胶体比例的限制性液体复苏策略.     

重组人脑利钠肽治疗急性呼吸窘迫综合征的初步临床观察

目的 评价静脉注射重组人脑利钠肽(rhBNP)对急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者肺通气功能、尿量及肺损伤评分的影响.方法 30例ARDS患者随机分为rhBNP治疗组(n=15)和对照组(n=15), rhBNP治疗组在肺保护性通气策略为主的ICU综合治疗基础上持续 24 h静脉注射rhBNP 0.01 μg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1);对照组采取肺保护性通气策略为主的综合ICU治疗.比较两组患者治疗前后氧合指数(PaO_2/FiO_2)、尿量、心率、中心静脉压(CVP)及肺损伤评分、急性生理和慢性健康评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)变化.结果 rhBNP治疗组治疗前后心率、CVP无明显变化,PaO_2/FiO_2、尿量明显增加(P<0.05),肺损伤评分、APACHEⅡ评分明显降低(P<0.05).对照组治疗前后尿量并无增加,PaO_2/FiO_2、肺损伤评分降低(P<0.05),两组尿量、PaO_2/FiO_2、肺损伤评分及APACHEⅡ评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 静脉注射rhBNP能显著改善机械通气ARDS患者的肺通气功能,并有显著利尿作用.     

基因重组人脑利钠肽治疗急性前壁心肌梗死合并心力衰竭的临床观察

目的评价基因重组人脑利钠肽治疗急性前壁心肌梗死并心力衰竭的临床效果。方法200例急性前壁心肌梗死合并心力衰竭患者随机分为对照组和基因重组人脑利钠肽（rhBNP）组各100例,两组患者均给予常规治疗,rhBNP组在常规治疗基础上给予rhBNP。比较两组心功能改善情况、心脏超声资料、院内不良心脏事件的发生情况及6个月随访情况。结果rhBNP组呼吸困难好转（明显好转36例,好转49例,无好转11例,恶化4例,Ridit值0．4618对0．5382,P=0．043）及Killip分级（明显好转26例,好转56例,无好转14例,恶化4例,Ridit值0．4553对0．5447,P=0．017）在治疗后均好于对照组（呼吸困难好转：明显好转27例,好转46例,无好转20例,恶化7例;Killip分级：明显好转20例,好转45例,无好转25例,恶化10例）;rhBNP组治疗1周时左心室射血分数（LVEF）增加优于对照组[（53．0±5．2）％对（50．0±6．2）％,P：0．014]。住院期间rhBNP组心绞痛（13．0％对27．0％,P=0．013）、心力衰竭（18．0％对32．0％,P=0．022）及心脏主要不良事件发生率（MACE）（17．0％对30．0％,P：0．030）均少于对照组。6个月内无事件存活率rhBNP组高于对照组（69．0％对55．0％,P=0．041）。结论短期使用rhBNP能改善急性前壁心肌梗死心力衰竭患者的心功能,减少住院期间不良心脏事件,增加6个月无事件存活率。     

急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗与远端血栓保护装置PercuSurge Guardwire联合治疗急性心肌梗死

目的评价远端血栓保护装置PercuSurge Guardwire在急性心肌梗死(AMI)的高危急诊经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗中预防远端血栓栓塞并发症的临床疗效及安全性.方法 92例AMI患者为研究对象,其中47例在急诊PCI过程中联合应用PercuSurge Guardwire装置(PercuSurge组),平均年龄(61.4±7.1)岁;另45例进行常规无PercuSurge Guardwire保护的急诊PCI(对照组),平均年龄(64.9±8.3)岁.比较两组急诊PCI术后即刻冠状动脉TIMI血流及院内、30天主要心脏不良事件发生率.结果全部病例均成功植入血管支架并放置PercuSurge Guardwire保护装置.平均阻滞球囊直径(4.5±0.5) mm,平均阻滞时间(8.7±5.9)min.PercuSurge组术后TIMI 3级血流率显著高于对照组(95.74与86.67%,P＜0.05),无血流事件发生率显著降低(0%与6.67%,P＜0.05).并发症包括血管夹层1例(2.13%),远端小血管血栓栓塞1例 (2.13%).随访全部患者,PercuSurge组院内及30天心脏不良事件发生率均显著低于对照组(分别为2.13%与13.33%,2.13%与8.89%,P值均小于0.05).结论联合应用 PercuSurge Guarwire远端保护装置在AMI患者的急诊PCI过程中可安全有效地预防远端血栓栓塞并发症的发生,显著提高术后TIMI 3级血流率,显著降低无血流事件发生率,从而显著降低患者院内及30天主要心脏不良事件发生率.