别嘌呤醇对伴高尿酸血症慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者血清NO、MDA、SOD及肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响

目的通过观察试验组和对照组用药前后慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者血浆一氧化氮（NO）丙二醛（MDA）超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能（EDD）的变化来探讨别嘌呤醇对伴高尿酸血症慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者内皮功能及氧自由基的影响。方法78例慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者被随机分为别嘌呤醇组（常规治疗＋别嘌呤醇，38例）和对照组（常规治疗，40例），分析NO、MDA、SOD在1周治疗前后浓度的变化及EDD的变化。结果别嘌呤醇治疗7d后，与对照组相比，试验组血SOD浓度明显升高（P〈0．05），血MDA显著下降（P〈0．05），而试验组NO及肱动脉EDD有上升趋势；但差异无统计学意义。结论别嘌呤醇能显著增加慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者血SOD，降低血MDA，因而减轻此类患者氧化应激的程度，进而可能对该类患者内皮舒张功能产生积极影响。     

新诊断2型糖尿病患者氧化应激状况及短期胰岛素泵强化治疗的影响

【目的】观察初诊2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者体内氧化应激改变及短期持续皮下胰岛素输注（CSII）治疗对患者氧化应激状况的影响。[方法]60例初诊T2DM患者接受为期2周的CSII治疗,于治疗前、后分别测定血清活性氧活力（ROS）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）,同时测定T2DM患者空腹胰岛素水平,采用稳态模型计算胰岛β细胞功能（HOMA-β）。【结果】①T2DM患者ROS、MDA明显增高,GSH、SOD明显降低。②ROS、MDA与HOMA—β呈负相关,GSH、SOD与HOMA—β呈正相关。③CSII治疗2周后,ROS、MDA明显降低,GSH、SOD明显增高,同时HOMA-β亦明显增高。[结论]T2DM患者体内氧化应激明显增强。短期CSII除迅速降低血糖外,还具有降低T2DM患者氧化应激水平,保护胰岛口细胞功能。     

维持性血液透析患者透析前后氧化应激变化与透析前后血压变化的关系

目的 本文探讨维持性血液透析患者透析前后机体氧化应激的变化与血压变化的关系.方法 选取四川大学华西医院肾脏内科30例维持性血液透析患者,检测单次血液透析前后血浆中氧化活性产物丙二醛（MDA）和抗氧化活性酶超氧物歧化酶（SOD）、谷光甘肽过氧化物酶（GSHPx）以及一氧化氮（NO）水平并记录患者单次血液透析前后的血压水平.结果 维持性血液透析患者透析后与透析前比较,血浆MDA水平明显增高（P＜0.01）,NO水平明显降低（P＜0.01）;透析后血浆抗氧化酶SOD、GSHPx水平也较透析前有不同程度的增高.20例患者透析后血压（包括收缩压和舒张压）较透析前明显增高,2例患者发生透析后低血压,其余8例患者透析前后血压差异无显著性.相关性分析发现,15例患者透析前高血压的（血压＞140/90mmHg）（1mmHg=0.133kpa）维持性血液透析患者的透析前后血压变化差值水平与血浆MDA水平呈正相关（r=0.462,P＜0.01）,而与血浆NO水平呈负相关（r=-0.483,P＜0.01）.结论 维持性血液透析患者透析后血浆MDA和NO水平变化与患者透析后的血压升高具有明显的相关关系,透析后机体氧化应激的变化可能是透析后高血压新的发生机制,抗氧化应激可能为防治透析后高血压的发生提供新的思路.     

急性脑卒中患者血清一氧化氮、一氧化氮合酶、丙二醛、超氧化期歧化酶及过氧化脂质水平动态变化与病情预后分析

目的通过对216例急性脑卒中患者血清一氧化氮（NO）、一氧化氮合酶（NOS）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化脂质（LPO）水平变化的动态观察,探讨这5项指标与急性脑卒中病情变化及预后之间的关系。方法采用生物化学方法检测急性脑卒中患者血清第1～4周NO、NOS、MDA、SOD、LPO含量水平,并与正常对照组比较。结果①急性脑卒中组NO、NOS、MDA、LPO水平均明显高于正常对照组（P均（0.01）,发病后第1周显著升高,随着病情的好转,第2～4周逐渐下降;SOD水平明显低于正常对照组（P（0.01）,发病后第1周显著降低,第2～4周逐渐升高。②出血性脑卒中NO、NOS、MDA、LPO水平明显高于缺血性脑卒中组（P（0.01）,而SOD水平则明显降低（P（0.05）。结论急性脑卒中患者存在NO、NOS、MDA、SOD、LPO含量失衡的变化,并随病情的严重与演变而变化。观察这5项指标的水平动态变化,可作为判定病情和评价预后的参考指标。     

不同运动方式对青年期和老年期SAMP8小鼠胫骨前肌氧化应激影响的研究

摘要 目的：研究抗阻运动和有氧运动对青年期和老年期雄性SAMP8小鼠胫骨前肌组织氧化应激水平的影响。 方法：选择青年期（3月龄）和老年期（6月龄）健康雄性SAMP8小鼠随机分为对照组、抗阻运动组和有氧运动组,进行为期8周运动训练后检测各组小鼠胫骨前肌丙二醛（MDA）含量、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性。 结果：抗阻运动干预后老年期小鼠胫骨前肌中MDA的降低（P＜0.05）,而有氧运动干预可导致青年期小鼠MDA含量降低（P＜0.05）;不同运动方式干预后老年期小鼠T-AOC值均降低（P＜0.05）,而青年期抗阻运动和有氧运动组小鼠T-AOC值均升高（P＜0.05）,增幅分别为22%和44%;有氧运动干预后,老年期和青年期小鼠胫骨前肌SOD和CAT活性均显著高于各自对照组和抗阻运动组（P＜0.05）。 结论：青年期小鼠以增强抗氧化能力的方式缓解氧化应激,且有氧运动要比抗阻运动效果明显;而老年期小鼠则可能是以激发免疫系统的急性响应为主,但过量的机械负荷导致其总抗氧化能力下调。     

糖耐量减低者体内氧化应激水平升高

目的 探讨糖耐量减低患者体内氧化应激状况.方法 选取糖耐量减低（IGT）组45例和糖耐量正常（NGT）组51例,测定其血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH）、活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA）水平.比较IGT组与NGT组的氧化应激状况,并对氧化应激指标进行相关性分析.结果 与NGT组相比,IGT组血清SOD和GSH水平明显下降,而血清ROS和MDA水平明显升高（P＜0.05）;而且经校正性别和年龄后,两组问的差异仍具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.Spearman相关分析显示,GSH与年龄、BMI、FBG以及TG呈负相关;SOD与年龄、FBG、HOMA-IR以及TC呈负相关;ROS与年龄、BMI、FBG、HOMA-IR以及TG呈正相关;MDA与HOMA-IR和TG呈正相关.结论 此研究结果提示,糖耐量减低者体内存在着高水平的氧化应激状态,但仍有待于更大样本的进一步研究来证实.     

静脉静脉血液滤过治疗对心脏术后伴ARF的MODS患者氧化应激的影响

目的 前瞻性观察连续性静脉静脉血液滤过（CVVH）治疗心脏术后伴急性肾衰竭（ARF）的多脏器功能障碍综合征（MODS）患者氧化应激指标的变化。方法 16例心脏术后伴ARF的MODS患者使用HF700型聚砜膜血滤器行CVVH治疗。分别在治疗前和治疗后2,6、12、24和48h取血检测血清丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和总抗氧化能力（TAS）指标的变化，同时对患者进行动态APACHE Ⅲ评分和MODS评分。结果 ①与健康对照组相比，心脏术后伴ARF的MODS患者TAC、SOD升高，GSH-P）（明显下降，MDA显著升高。②心脏术后伴ARF的MODS患者TAC在CVVH治疗2h后明显下降，SOD在治疗6h后明显下降，MDA在治疗24h后明显下降，在上述各时问点后TAC、SOD、MDA随治疗时间延长有不断下降趋势；GSH-Px在CVVH治疗2h后较治疗前明显下降，6h后随治疗时间延长有不断升高趋势，但较治疗前无明显变化。③CVVH治疗2h后，APACHE Ⅲ评分即可改善，并随着治疗时间的延长有不断下降趋势。CVVH治疗24h后，MODS评分获得改善，同时随治疗时间延长有下降趋势。结论 ①心脏术后伴ARF的MODS患者发生了氧化应激。②CVVH能改善心脏术后伴ARF的MODS患者的氧化应激，减轻氧化损伤。③CVVH能改善心脏术后伴ARF的MODS患者的病情。     

低剂量γ射线照射外周血对抗氧化系统的兴奋作用

目的探讨低剂量γ射线照射外周血对抗氧化功能的影响。方法对10份人全血采用γ射线照射，照射剂量1Gy，分别于照射前及照射后1、2h检测血清还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、丙二醛（MDA）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶（GSH-Px）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）及过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性。结果γ射线照射后1h与照射前比较，血清GSH含量升高（P〈0．01）、MDA含量降低（P〈0．01），而SOD、GSH-Px、T-AOC及CAT活性升高（P〈0．01）。照射后2h与照射后1h比较，GSH含量进一步升高（P〈0．01），MDA含量进一步降低（P〈0．01）；除SOD外，GSH-Px、T-AOC及CAT活性进一步升高（P〈0．01）。结论低剂量γ射线辐射可明显提高抗氧化能力，即对抗氧化系统有兴奋作用。     

小剂量胰岛素对 2 型糖尿病酮症患者血浆 Vaspin 水平的影响简

目的 探讨2型糖尿病酮症（T2DK）患者血浆内脏脂肪组织来源的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（Vaspin）水平的变化及小剂量胰岛素对血浆Vaspin水平的影响.方法 选择30例2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者、32例T2DK患者及24例正常人（NC组）,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定所有研究对象血浆Vaspin水平及T2DK患者小剂量胰岛素治疗后血浆Vaspin水平,并分析血浆Vaspin水平与血脂、体重指数（BMI）、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、稳态模型的胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、一氧化氮（NO）的关系.结果 与 NC组相比,T2DK组和T2DM组血浆Vaspin水平明显增高,T2DK组又明显高于T2DM（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）.T2DK患者血浆Vaspin水平与FBG、HOMA-IR、甘油三酯（TG）、MDA和总胆固醇（TC）呈明显正相关,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、T-AOC、SOD呈明显负相关（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）.HOMA-IR 、SOD和MDA是影响T2DK患者血浆Vaspin水平的独立相关因素.T2DK患者经小剂量胰岛素治疗后T-AOC、SOD明显增高,FBG、TG、MDA、Fins、HOMA-IR和Vaspin均显著降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）.结论 小剂量胰岛素能有效改善T2DK患者糖脂代谢紊乱和胰岛素抵抗及减轻氧化应激,同时降低其血浆Vaspin水平.     

血清一氧化氮检测在病毒性心肌炎患儿中的应用价值

近来，我们对急性病毒性心肌炎（VMC）患儿86例血一氧化氮（NO）、丙二醛（MDA）和抗氧化酶进行检测，旨在探讨NO在VMC发病中的作用。现报告如下。     

Evidence of oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: We conducted a study to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) simultaneously together with the antioxidant status in patients with cervical carcinoma. METHODS: We measured lipid peroxidation product, including malondialdehye (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) products, including nitrite (NO(2)(-)), nitrate (NO(3)(-)) and total nitrite (TNO(2)(-)) and antioxidant enzymes in 45 patients with cervical cancer and compared them against 30 healthy controls. RESULTS: Plasma as well as erythrocyte MDA and plasma NO levels was higher (p<0.001) in cervical cancer as compared to healthy controls. Antioxidant enzymes, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, were decreased (p<0.001) whereas glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was increased (p<0.001) in cervical cancer patients. Lipid peroxidation and NO products accumulation correlated significantly with a deranged antioxidant system. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated a possible involvement of both oxidative and nitrosative stress, as evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation and NO levels with altered antioxidant defense system in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.     

含羞草总黄酮对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的研究含羞草总黄酮(TFM)对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法用四氯化碳建立小鼠肝损伤模型,相应药物灌胃后测定小鼠血清ALT、AST的活性,血清白蛋白(Alb)含量以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC);并测定肝匀浆丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,同时观察肝脏组织病理学变化。结果与模型对照组相比,含羞草总黄酮(TFM)各剂量组ALT、AST和MDA含量均明显降低(P0.05或P0.01),Alb含量和T-AOC活性均明显增加(P0.05或P0.01),SOD活力明显增强(P0.05或P0.01)。结论含羞草总黄酮(TFM)能明显改善肝组织病理损伤程度,对四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

Antioxidant status, erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation and osmotic fragility in malignant lymphoma patients.

We studied erythrocyte and leukocyte superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) and osmotic fragility and plasma L-ascorbic acid and L-dehydroascorbic acid levels in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) before and after treatment. SOD activity was elevated in leukocytes of ALL and HD patients before treatment, and borderlike-significantly elevated in leukocytes of the same patients after treatment in comparison to the control subjects. SOD activity was not changed in NHL patients before or after chemotherapy. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were elevated in the three groups of lymphomas before and after treatment. MDA level and osmotic fragility of red blood cells of patients with lymphomas were increased before and after treatment in comparison to the control group. Plasma L-ascorbic acid concentrations were decreased, whereas L-dehydroascorbic acid concentrations were increased in ALL, HD and NHL patients before and after treatment. There were also significant differences in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, concentrations of antioxidants, MDA and osmotic fragility in the most of the malignant lymphoma patients. The present data suggest that hematological complications and autoimmune hemolytic anemia might be attributed to the oxidative stress produced by malignant lymphomas.     

Free radicals antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in different types of leukemias

Free radicals are highly reactive species that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Reactive oxygen species can initiate lipid peroxidation and DNA damage leading to mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and cell death, if the antioxidant system is impaired. This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of oxidative stress and the role of antioxidant defence in untreated leukemia patients. The generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide by leukocytes, plasma malondialdehyde levels, red cell copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities were determined in 30 patients with different types of leukemias prior to therapy. The superoxide anion generation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes was found to be significantly increased in leukemia patients especially those with acute lymphocytic and nonlymphocytic leukemias, while the hydrogen peroxide levels were comparable to the control values. Plasma lipid peroxidation products in untreated leukemia patients were in the normal range. Red cell Cu-Zn SOD and GSH-PX activities were significantly increased and showed no correlation with the hemoglobin content. Although superoxide generation was high, lipid peroxide levels were normal in these patients. This might be due to the increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-PX) which counteract lipid peroxidation. Increased free radical generation, especially superoxide anion in leukemia patients and increased antioxidant defence enzymes, which is an adaptive protective response, are indicative of mild oxidative stress. There were no significant differences for the parameters cited above between different types of leukemias, suggesting that the changes are not specific to the type of leukemia.     

急性脑出血患者血清炎症因子和氧化应激产物的动态监测及其临床意义

目的探讨急性脑出血患者血清炎症因子和氧化应激产物的动态变化及临床意义。方法测定180例健康对照者及180例急性脑出血患者发病24 h内、3 d、7 d及14 d时血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛和总抗氧化能力的含量,并分别将以上指标与急性脑出血出血量大小、病情严重程度进行相关性分析,利用ROC曲线分析其对急性脑出血恶化的临床预测意义。结果急性脑出血患者不同时期内血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛含量均高于正常对照组,而总抗氧化能力含量则低于正常对照组;血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛血清浓度与患者脑出血量大小、病情严重程度呈正性相关,总抗氧化能力呈显著负相关;炎症因子和氧化应激产物的血清浓度对急性脑出血恶化具有显著的预测价值。结论血清炎症因子和氧化应激产物参与了脑出血的病理生理过程,对于患者病情控制、预后改善具有重要临床意义。     

Influence of therapy on the antioxidant status in patients with melanoma

Background and objective: Some anticancer drugs can result in increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Alkylating agents are the most frequently used drugs in chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of malignant melanoma. It is known that triazenes exhibit in vivo activity by alkylation of nucleic acids and proteins, but there is no data about ROS formation during oxidative metabolism. Single agents of most interest for treatment of malignant melanomas include 5‐(3,3‐dimethyltriazene‐1‐yl)‐imidazole‐4‐carboxamide (DTIC) and nitrosoureas such as 1‐(2‐chloroethyl) ‐3‐cyclohexyl‐1‐nitrosourea (CCNU), but complete response to these drugs is rare. The present study aimed to determine whether an oxidative stress occurs during the clinical course of melanoma and the influence of therapy on the antioxidant status of patients with melanoma. For this purpose, we investigated plasma concentrations of MDA as indices of the levels of lipid peroxidation products. In addition, we studied the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutases (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in patients with melanoma before any treatment, after surgical removal of melanoma, and after chemotherapy with DTIC or in combination with CCNU of the operated patients. Methods: Twenty one patients with melanoma were studied. Patients were operated prior to chemotherapy. After recovery for 10–20 days postoperatively, they were studied again for MDA, SOD and CAT activity. The patients were divided into two groups according to the chemotherapy (3–7 treatment cycles): with DTIC – given orally daily for 5 days, every 3 weeks as a single 2200 mg/kg dose and with the combination – DTIC (the same dose) + CCNU – administered orally at a dosage of 120 mg/m² once every 40 days in accordance with protocols, approved by the Bulgarian Ministry of Health. The total amount of lipid peroxidation products in plasma was assayed. Results and discussion: Plasma levels of MDA and CAT activity were significantly higher, and erythrocyte SOD activity significantly lower, in patients with melanoma, than in control healthy volunteers (P < 0·0001). Ten to twenty days after surgery, oxidative stress decreased but levels of MDA increased as a result of therapy. Important sources of increased ROS production may be the monocytes, phagocytosis of tumour cells and the cancer tissues. Plasma MDA in patients treated with DTIC + CCNU were significantly higher (P < 0·001), but erythrocyte SOD statistically lower (P < 0·00001), compared with patients treated with DTIC only. However, a combination of DTIC + CCNU did not attenuate oxidative stress, or reduced antioxidant status. Patients treated with this combination are at bigger risk of oxidative injury. Therefore, this disturbance might be due to augmented generation of toxic ROS, possibly from the metabolism of CCNU. Conclusion: Increased oxidative stress follows an imbalance in antioxidant defence in non‐treated patients with melanoma. The impaired antioxidant system favours accumulation of ROS, which may promote the cancer process. After complete removal of melanoma tissues, oxidative stress decreased. The antioxidant status of melanoma patients operated on was influenced by the different chemotherapeutic regimens used and may play an important role in the response. Patients on DTIC + CCNU are at higher risk of oxidative injury. This drug combination probably exerts its toxic activity by ROS, which could be products of the metabolism of CCNU.     

Lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in patients with Behçet's disease

In spite of unknown etiology, it is now accepted that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by neutrophils may be related to the pathogenesis of Beh?et's Disease (BD). The objective was to investigate whether increased production of ROS may affect erythrocyte oxidant/antioxidant system in patients with BD. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), one of the end products of lipid peroxidation, in plasma and erythrocyte, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), antioxidant enzymes, in erythrocyte, also C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured in 22 patients in active stage of the disease and also in 30 healthy controls. Increased CRP, ESR, and MDA levels in plasma and erythrocyte and increased SOD but decreased GSH-Px activities in erythrocytes were observed in the patients, when compared to the controls. In addition, significantly positive correlations between plasma and erythrocyte MDA levels, and erythrocyte MDA-CRP, MDA-ESR, MDA-SOD, SOD-ESR and SOD-CRP levels, but negative correlation between plasma MDA and erythrocyte GSH-Px, were found in BD patients. It may be suggested that increased production of ROS in BD, as reflected by higher plasma and erythrocyte MDA levels, may impair erythrocyte membrane integrity and also may lead to the alterations in the erythrocyte antioxidant defense system, as reflected by higher SOD and lower GSH-Px activities in erythrocytes.     

Glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activities, glutathione, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde concentrations in serum of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a rare neoplasm that comprises a substantial proportion of all leukemias in middle-aged persons and is the most common type among elderly persons. The major causes are not known nor is there a detailed understanding about how the elusive origin(s) may relate to clinical expression, basic biological mechanisms, or pathogenesis. METHODS: Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GRD), Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) activities, glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO(*), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were measured in serum of patients with CLL and a healthy control group. RESULTS: Serum GSH-Px, Cu-Zn SOD activities, GSH concentration were lower in patients with CLL while serum NO(*) and MDA concentrations were higher in these patients compared with the control group. Serum GRD activity was not statistically significant in patients with CLL compared with the control. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the parameters on the basis of stages in these patients. Serum GSH concentration negatively correlated with serum MDA (r=30.63, p<0.05) and NO(*) concentrations (r=0.72, p<0.05) in patients with advanced stage (III+IV). However, no other correlation could be found among the parameters in healthy controls and patients with CLL CONCLUSIONS: There is significant changes in antioxidant defense system in CLL cases, which may lead to enhanced action of oxygen radical, resulting in lipid peroxidation.     

反复惊厥幼鼠脑内氧化抗氧化水平和神经元凋亡

目的探讨反复惊厥后幼鼠脑内氧化、抗氧化能力平衡的变化和神经元凋亡的关系。方法96只20日龄健康SD大鼠随机分为两组:对照组及惊厥组。通过三氟乙醚反复吸入(连续6次,每天1次)制作发育期大鼠惊厥动物模型。检测各组动物反复惊厥后6h、1d、3d、7d海马组织MDA含量、SOD活性、T-AOC水平变化,同时原位末端标记法(TUNEL)进行大鼠海马神经元凋亡检测。结果反复惊厥后6h、1d、3d海马MDA含量均较对照组显著增高,SOD活性及T-AOC水平显著降低(P<0.01),皆以第1天改变最显著,第7天三者与对照组相比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而海马神经元凋亡却于反复惊厥后1d才显著增加,持续到惊厥后7d仍显著多于对照组(P<0.01)。结论反复惊厥后海马MDA含量显著增高,SOD活性、T-AOC水平显著降低,且三者的变化皆发生在神经元凋亡增多之前,提示氧化损伤、抗氧化能力下降可能参与惊厥大鼠海马神经元凋亡的发生。     

柚皮素对阿霉素损伤的正常血细胞的保护作用

本研究探讨柚皮素对化疗药阿霉素损伤的正常血细胞的保护作用。用MTT法测定柚皮素、阿霉素以及柚皮素联合阿霉素（Post1小时组、Post24小时组）应用对K562细胞和正常人外周血多形核白细胞（PMN）的增殖抑制作用，用分光光度法检测正常人外周血PMN和K562细胞裂解上清液中的活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA）的水平、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性。结果表明：两药联合实验组（Post1小时组、Post24小时组）中，柚皮素无明显降低阿霉素对K562细胞的增殖抑制作用。Post1小时实验组与阿霉素组相比，PMN细胞裂解上清液中的活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA）水平明显降低，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性则明显升高；而K562细胞裂解上清液中的氧化应激指标无明显变化。结论：柚皮素对阿霉素损伤的正常血细胞具有保护作用，其可能机制是柚皮素提高细胞内抗氧化物酶活性同时降低氧化产物含量。