含卷曲霉素方案治疗耐多药肺结核的效果研究

目的:研究在对耐多药性肺结核患者采用卷曲霉素进行治疗时加力克肺疾、左氧氟沙星、乙胺丁醇、吡嗪酰胺联合方案的治疗效果.方法:选择该院中2015年4月至2016年8月中收治的耐多药性肺结核患者,按照其入院顺序分为对照组和实验组.实验组采用卷曲霉素、力克肺疾、左氧氟沙星、乙胺丁醇进行化学药物治疗;对照组患者去除实验组中卷曲霉素,替换为吡嗪酰胺进行化学治疗.对患者进行为期16个月的疗程治疗,在治疗过程以及治疗结束后记录患者的痰菌转阴率,并将两组结果进行比较.结果:实验组中痰菌转阴率明显高于对照组并且其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:在治疗耐多药性肺结核时采用卷曲霉素、力克肺疾、左氧氟沙星、吡嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇联合治疗方案能够有效提高治疗效果,并且患者的用药后不良反应较小,建议临床上推广使用.     

左氧氟沙星联合硫酸阿米卡星治疗耐多药肺结核20例疗效观察

目的:观察和评估左氧氟沙星联合硫酸阿米卡星在耐多药肺结核治疗中的疗效。方法:35例耐多药肺结核患者随机分为治疗组20例,对照组15例,治疗组以左氧氟沙星、硫酸阿米卡星联合吡嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇、力克肺疾化疗方案,治疗组以吡嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇、力克肺疾的化疗方案,疗程18个月。观察患者痰菌阴转情况、症状改善情况及病灶变化。结果:治疗组阴转率明显高于对照组,且症状缓解及病灶吸收治疗组高于对照组。结论:对耐多药肺结核采用左氧氟沙星联合硫酸阿米卡星治疗效果佳。     

左氧氟沙星合用硫酸阿米卡星治疗耐多药肺结核疗效观察

目的：观察和评估左氧氟沙星联合硫酸阿米卡星在耐多药肺结核治疗中的疗效。方法：将同期收治的40例耐多药肺结核患者随机分为治疗组20例,对照组20例。治疗组以左氧氟沙星、硫酸阿米卡星联合吡嗪酰胺、利福喷叮、乙胺丁醇、力克肺疾化疗方案,对照组以吡嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇、力克肺疾的化疗方案,疗程18个月。观察患者痰菌阴转情况、症状改善情况及病灶变化。结果：治疗组阴转率明显高于对照组,且症状缓解及病灶吸收治疗组高于对照组。结论：对耐多药肺结核采用左氧氟沙星联合硫酸阿米卡星治疗效果佳。     

两种化疗方案治疗耐多药肺结核病的疗效对比

目的 评价两种不同化疗方案治疗耐多药肺结核的疗效.方法 将55例已接受6个月以上常规抗结核化疗的患者随机分为两组.观察组27例,以力克肺疾、卷曲霉素为主联合左氧氟沙星、比嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇进行治疗.对照组28例,以利福喷汀、链霉素为主联合左氧氟沙星、比嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇进行治疗.观察两组痰菌阴转率及X线病灶吸收情况.结果 治疗12个月末,观察组痰菌阴转率(80.8%,)明显高于对照组(55.3%,)(P<0.01),观察组的药物不良反应率(29)与对照组(33)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 观察组所用的以力克肺疾、卷曲霉素为主的治疗方案治疗耐多药肺结核,痰菌阴转率和病变吸收情况明显好于对照组,值得推广应用.     

耐多药肺结核患者病因分析和疗效观察

目的探讨耐多药肺结核患者的病因及临床治疗效果。方法按照随机、对照的原则将116例耐多药肺结核患者分为观察组（58例）和对照组（58例）,观察组采用左氧氟沙星、力克肺疾、丁胺卡那、丙硫异烟胺、吡嗪酰胺联合治疗;对照组采用氧氟沙星、力克肺疾、乙胺丁醇、吡嗪酰胺联合治疗疗程均为15个月。比较2组痰菌阴转、不良反应情况。结果不规律用药和原发耐药是产生耐多药肺结核的主要原因。观察组痰菌转阴率明显高于对照组,不良反应率明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论治疗耐多药肺结核要给予合理、规律、全程的积极治疗。临床采用左氧氟沙星、力克肺疾、丁胺卡那、丙硫异烟胺、吡嗪酰胺联合治疗耐多药肺结核,效果显著,能够减轻患者的心理和经济压力,改善预后。     

四联疗法治疗耐药肺结核

目的:评价含力克肺疾(D)、左氧氟沙星(L)和吡嗪酰胺(P)和阿米卡星(A)的四联化疗方案治疗耐药物性肺结核的临床疗效.方法:选取耐多药肺结核患者128例,治疗组66例采用3DLPA/15DLP方案,对照组62例采用3PtPaOK/15PtPaO方案(Pt:丙硫异烟胺;Pa:对氨基水杨酸;O:氧氟沙星;K:卡那霉素).结果:治疗18个月后,治疗组痰菌阴转率、病灶吸收好转率明显高于对照组(P<0.05).结论:含力克肺疾(D)、左氧氟沙星(L)和吡嗪酰胺(P)和阿米卡星(A)的四联化疗方案治疗耐药物性肺结核的临床疗效优于对照组,适用于耐多药肺结核的治疗.     

左氧氟沙星序贯治疗耐多药肺结核的临床观察

目的观察左氧氟沙星序贯疗法对耐多药肺结核(MDR-TB)的疗效。方法对89例经Bactec2460法和改良罗氏法痰培养证实的MDR-TB患者采用强化期第1个月异烟肼(H)、利福喷丁(L)、吡嗪酰胺(Z)、乙胺丁醇(E)口服,对氨基水杨酸钠(P)、左氧氟沙星(V)静脉滴注,第2、3个月异烟肼(H)、利福喷丁(L)、吡嗪酰胺(Z)、乙胺丁醇(E)、左氧氟沙星(V)口服,P静脉滴注的冲击疗法,巩固期利福喷丁(L)、吡嗪酰胺(Z)、左氧氟沙星(V)、力克肺疾(D)口服的序贯疗法,对照组采用强化期3个月异烟肼(H)、利福喷丁(L)、吡嗪酰胺(Z)、乙胺丁醇(E)口服,对氨基水杨酸钠(P)静脉滴注,巩固期利福喷丁(L)、吡嗪酰胺(Z)、力克肺疾(D)口服化疗方案,观察其临床疗效。结果9个月后,治疗组总有效率为73.33%,显著高于对照组;两组恶化率分别为4.44%和20.45%;治疗组X线胸片吸收率62.2%,显著高于对照组。结论左氧氟沙星序贯疗法治疗MDR-TB具有良好的疗效。     

耐多药肺结核的分析和治疗

目的 分析耐多药肺结核的致病因素,探讨耐多药肺结核患者采用3/力克肺疾、利福喷丁、左氧氟沙星、卷曲霉素、丙硫异烟胺、胸腺五肽,18/力克肺疾、利福喷丁、吡嗪酰胺或乙胺丁醇、丙硫异烟胺、吡嗪酰胺方案的临床效果.方法 2006年10月-2008年10月,我院结核科收治的包括对异烟肼和利福平在内的耐多药肺结核患者30例.采用上述方案治疗21个月.治疗过程中,每月检查肝功能、痰抗酸杆菌,血、尿常规.每3个月摄胸部x线片或胸部CT片.结果 30例完成治疗后,痰茵阴转率为93%,随访12个月疫茵复发率为13%,肝功能异常率为17%.结论 本方案治疗耐多药肺结核效果较满意,药物副作用小.可用于临床治疗耐多药肺结核患者.     

左氧氟沙星治疗耐多药肺结核105例疗效分析

目的：观察和评价左氧氟沙星对耐多药肺结核（MDR-TB）的疗效及毒副作用。方法：105例耐多药肺结核（MDR-TB）患者随机分为治疗组53例和对照组52例。化疗方案,治疗组：左氧氟沙星＋力克肺疾＋利福喷丁＋乙胺丁醇＋吡嗪酰胺;对照组：为力克肺疾＋利福喷丁＋乙胺丁醇＋吡嗪酰胺,左氧氟沙星采用前3个月0.4g每日1次静点,后15个月0.2g每日2次口服,疗程约为18个月。结果：所有病例均完成化疗疗程,治疗组和对照组痰菌阴转率3个月时分别为65%和29%,12个月时分别是77%和31%,满疗程18个月时分别是90%和50%;空洞闭合情况分别为84%和43%,治疗组明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）,治疗组和对照组不良反应发生率分别为35%和33%,两组间对比无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：应用含左氧氟沙星的治疗方案治疗MDR-TB,有助于痰菌阴转和空洞闭合,疗效确切,药物不良反应低,值得临床推广使用。     

3FDZTH／9FDTH方案治疗耐多药肺结核临床观察

目的：观察和评估左氧氟沙星（F=LFLX）、力克肺疾（D=Dpc）、丙硫异烟胺（TH=TH1314）、吡嗪酰胺（Z=PZA）、乙胺丁醇（E=EMB）方案在耐多药肺结核治疗中的疗效。方法：80例耐多药肺结核患者随机分为治疗组40例和对照组40例。治疗组以3FDZTH/9FDTH为化疗方案；对照组以3DZETH／9DETH为化疗方案。疗程为12个月。结果：治疗组痰菌阴转率87．5％，对照组痰菌阴转率25％，治疗组明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）。病灶明显吸收变化（显效率），治疗组92．5％，对照组30％（P〈0．01）。结论：对耐多药肺结核采用3FDZTH／9FDTH方案，药物不良反应低，治疗效果满意，值得临床试用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.