抗高血压药奥美沙坦酯合成新路线和相关杂质的研究

目的研究奥美沙坦酯的新合成方法，并对合成中产生的主要杂质进行结构确证和有效控制。方法4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-2-丙基咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯水解，环合成4,4-二甲基-2-丙基-4,6-二氢呋喃并［3,4-d］咪唑-6-酮，与4-［2-(2-三苯甲基四唑-5-基)苯基］苄基溴缩合，经分离纯化，皂化成钠盐，与4-氯甲基-5-甲基-2-氧代-1,3-二氧杂环戊烯成酯，脱保护基得奥美沙坦酯。对缩合反应的主要杂质应用X-ray单晶衍射谱确证其结构为咪唑位置异构体，并用其合成奥美沙坦酯的咪唑位置异构体。通过优化反应条件抑制异构体的量，从而保证奥美沙坦酯的质量。结果用新路线合成了奥美沙坦酯，总收率60%，纯度大于99.0%；成品中异构体含量小于0.1%。结论本文合成路线是奥美沙坦酯的新合成方法，并首次报道奥美沙坦酯的咪唑位置异构体。     

反向离子对色谱法测定格列吡嗪原料药中5-甲基-2-吡嗪羧酸的含量

目的：建立格列吡嗪原料药中5-甲基-2-吡嗪羧酸的含量测定方法。方法：采用反向离子对色谱法。色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18,流动相：50 mmol?L-1NaH2PO4溶液（含0.05%四丁基氢氧化铵）-甲醇（梯度洗脱）,流速为1.0 mL?min-1,柱温为30 ℃,检测波长为276 nm,进样量为20μL。结果：5-甲基-2-吡嗪羧酸质量浓度线性范围为0.0385~1.4453μg?mL-1（r＝0.9999,n＝5）,检测限为0.01155μg?mL-1,定量限为0.0385μg?mL-1;平均回收率为100.94%,RSD为1.4%（n=9）;系统精密度、重复性、中间精密度试验结果良好;对照品和供试品溶液8h稳定;3批原料药中5-甲基-2-吡嗪羧酸的量分别为0.0083%、0.0085%、0.0092%。结论：本方法操作简便、方法灵敏、结果准确可靠,可用于格列吡嗪原料药中微量杂质5-甲基-2-吡嗪羧酸的测定。     

HPLC测定奥美沙坦酯中的基因毒性杂质

目的 建立HPLC测定奥美沙坦酯中潜在的基因毒性杂质[杂质1 ：N-（三苯基甲基）-5-（4''-溴甲基联苯-2-基）四氮唑,杂质2 ：N-三苯甲基-5-（4'',4''-二溴甲基联苯-2-基）四氮唑]的含量和限度。方法 采用Phenomenex C₁₈柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）;流动相：0.1%冰乙酸水溶液-0.1%冰乙酸乙腈溶液（15：85）;检测波长：254 nm;流速：1.5 mL·min^-1;柱温：25℃。结果 杂质1 和杂质2 均在0.030 97~0.247 7 μg·mL^-1内线性良好（r分别为0.999 6和0.998 7）,平均回收率分别为94.37%和94.43%,RSD分别为2.38%和2.72%（n=9）。结论 该方法专属性强,准确、灵敏,可以作为奥美沙坦酯中基因毒性杂质1 和杂质2 的液相分析方法。     

HPLC法测定复方奥美沙坦氢氯噻嗪片的含量

目的:建立奥美沙坦氢氯噻嗪片中奥美沙坦酯与氢氯噻嗪的测定方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为ODS-C18柱(250 mm×4．6 mm,5μm);流动相为0．03 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(用磷酸调至pH3．6)-乙腈(50:50),流速为1．0 mL·min-1;检测波长为271 nm。结果:奥美沙坦酯在7．89～71．03μg·mL-1范围内,峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,r=0．999 9,平均回收率为99．7％(n=9);氢氯噻嗪在5．02～45．22μg·mL-1范围内,峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,r=0．999 9,平均回收率为99．9％(n=9)。结论:该方法可同时用于奥美沙坦氢氯噻嗪片中奥美沙坦酯与氢氯噻嗪的质量控制。     

新型[1,3]二氧杂环戊烯并[4,5-f]异吲哚酮衍生物的设计、合成与活性研究

本文设计、合成了一系列新型[1,3]二氧杂环戊烯并[4,5-f]异吲哚酮衍生物,并对其进行了乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性以及由东莨菪碱致小鼠记忆障碍的改善作用测试。实验结果表明目标化合物对乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACh E)均有抑制作用,IC50值在微摩尔级,其中化合物I1(IC50=0.086μmol·L-1)和I2(IC50=0.080μmol·L-1)对ACh E的抑制活性较好,与阳性药多奈哌齐(IC50=0.094μmol·L-1)相当;且化合物I1~I4均具有改善由东莨菪碱引起的小鼠记忆障碍的作用。     

奥美沙坦酯合成路线图解

奥美沙坦酯(olmesartan medoxomil,1),化学名为4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-2-丙基-1-[[2'-(1H-四唑-5-基)联苯-4-基]甲基]咪唑-5-羧酸(5-甲基-2-氧代-1,3-二氧杂环戊烯-4-基)甲基酯,是由日本Sankyo公司研发的一种AT_1受体拮抗剂,2002年5月美国FDA批准用于治疗高血压.本品对不同程度的高血压降压作用均较好,患者耐受性好.     

坎地沙坦酯氨氯地平片含量测定

建立HPLC法同时测定坎地沙坦酯氨氯地平片两组分含量。色谱条件：采用C18色谱柱,流动相为甲醇-乙腈-20 mmol·L-1癸烷磺酸钠溶液[含0.04 mol·L-1KH2PO4（磷酸调pH3.5）]=600∶100∶300,检测波长238 nm。坎地沙坦酯和氨氯地平分别在64.61-96.91μg·mL-1、40.13-60.19μg·mL-1浓度范围内杂质与原药较好分离。     

(4R,5R)4,5-二氨甲基-2-异丙基-1,3-二氧杂环戊烷合成工艺的改进

目的改进(4R,5R)4,5-二氨甲基-2-异丙基-1,3-二氧杂环戊烷的合成工艺。方法用四氢锂铝还原酰胺的方法代替叠氮化物的氢化。结果与结论缩短了反应步骤,改善了反应条件,得到了高纯度的产品。     

2R-羟甲基-5S-(5′-氟胞嘧啶-1′-)-1,3-氧硫杂环戊烷的合成

报道2R-羟甲基-5S-（5′-氟胞嘧啶-1′-）-1,3-氧硫杂环戊烷（FTC）及其关键中间体 5R-乙酰氧基-1,3-氧硫杂环戊烷-2-羧酸（1′R，2′S，5′R）-薄荷酯的合成，并对文献报道的路线进行了改进，特别是避免使用昂贵而敏感的三甲基碘硅烷，易于工业化生产。     

HPLC法测定缬沙坦中的遗传毒性杂质

目的：建立缬沙坦中潜在的遗传毒性杂质2-氰基-4''-溴甲基联苯（杂质1）和2-氰基-4'',4''-二溴甲基联苯（杂质2）的含量测定方法。方法：采用高效液相色谱法，色谱柱为C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm)，流动相为乙腈-水-冰乙酸（700:300:1），检测波长210nm，流量0.8 mL?min-1，柱温30 ℃，进样量20 μL。结果：杂质1和杂质2与主成分之间分离度良好，在0.045-~0.18 μg?mL-1的浓度范围内杂质1和杂质2的峰面积呈良好的线性关系（ 相关系数分别为1.000和0.999 5）；杂质1和杂质2的平均回收率分别为96.57%和107.38%，RSD（n=9）分别为1.9%和7%。结论：所建方法简单、准确、重复性好，适用于缬沙坦中的遗传毒性杂质检测。     

Structure/activity investigations of 5-substituted 3-methylisoxazole[5, 4-d]1, 2, 3-triazin-4-one derivatives

The series of 5-substituted 3-methylisoxazole[5, 4-d]1, 2, 3-triazin-4-one derivatives was obtained by diazotization of 5-amino-3-methylisoxazol-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide. The immunological activity of these compounds was investigated experimentally in several in vitro and in vivo assays in mice and human models. In the next step, quantum-chemical investigations were performed using density functional theory with the B3LYP hybrid exchange-correlation energy functional and 6-31G(d, p) basis set. The Polarizable Continuum (SCRF/PCM) solvent model was also taken into account in order to show solvent influence on electron density and electrostatic potential around the exemplary molecules. Correlations between molecular structure and biological properties were found using a stepwise selection of scales for the multiple linear regression (MLR).     

Vasodilation effect of 2-benzyl-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3, 4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-one

A 2-Benzyl-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3, 4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-one (ZC2) is a newly synthesized isoquinolinone compound. Its effect on vasodilation was evaluated in the present study. Isometric tension of rat artery rings was recorded by a sensitive myography system in vitro. The results showed that ZC2 relaxed rat mesenteric arteries pre-contracted by KCl, phenylephrine and 9, 11- dideoxy- 11α, 9α-epoxymethano-prostaglandin F2α (U46619), and abdominal aorta pre-contracted by KCl in a concentration-dependent manner. The ZC2-induced vasodilation was not affected by an endothelium denudation. ZC2 rightwards shifted the concentration-contraction curves, induced by KCl, phenylephrine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in a non-parallel manner, which suggests that the vasodilation effects are most likely via voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC) and receptor-operated calcium channel (ROCC). Moreover, in Ca(2+)-free medium, ZC2 concentration-dependently depressed the vasoconstrictions induced by phenylephrine and CaCl(2), and decreased a contractile response induced by caffeine, which indicates a role of extracellular Ca(2+) influx inhibition through VDCC and ROCC, and intracellular Ca(2+) release from Ca(2+) store via the ryanodine receptors. Glibenclamide did not affect the vasodilation induced by ZC2, suggesting that ATP sensitive potassium channel is not involved in the vasodilation. The results indicate that ZC2 induces vasodilation by inhibiting the VDCC and ROCC, and receptormediated Ca(2+) influx and release. The inhibition of intracellular Ca(2+) release may be mediated via the ryanodine receptors.     

Studies on 4-formylamino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazoline-5-one

Research on 4-Formylamino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one The methylation of 4-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one under the conditions of the aminophenazone preparation is examined. The amino-methylation with the title compound as NH-acid reactant is described.     

6-(4-氨基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氢哒嗪-3-酮衍生物的合成及生物活性

目的合成6-(4-氨基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氢哒嗪-3-酮结构的衍生物,探讨其生物活性.方法对6-(4-氨基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氢哒嗪-3-酮进行结构修饰,考察此类化合物对心血管系统和肿瘤细胞生长两方面的作用.结果设计并合成了2个系列共8个新化合物,所有新化合物结构均经IR、1H-NMR、MS及元素分析确证;8个目标化合物对大鼠离体心房肌收缩频率影响较小,而正性肌力作用明显,其中化合物I d和Ⅱa活性较高;在体外对肿瘤细胞(人肺癌细胞A549、人低分化胃腺癌细胞BGC-823、人原髓细胞白血病细胞HL-60和人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721)的生长具有不同程度的抑制作用,且对HL-60的抑制作用具有一定的专一性,化合物Ⅰ b和Ⅱc对人肺癌细胞A549的抑制作用较强.结论6-(4-氨基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氢哒嗪-3-酮衍生物除了具有强心作用外,在体外对肿瘤细胞生长还具有抑制作用.     

Synthesis of 1-(3-amino-2-hydroksypropyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one and 1-(3-amino-2-hydroksypropyl)-3,4-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one derivatives

In the reaction of 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one [Ia] and 3,4-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one [Ib] with 1-chloro-2,3-epoksypropane, the respective derivatives of 1-(2,3-epoksypropane)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one [IIa] and 1-(2,3-epoksypropane)-3,4-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one [IIb] were obtained. Then these compounds were converted into the corresponding aminoalkanol derivatives of 1,2,4-triazolin-5-one [IIIa, b-VIIIa, b] in reaction with secondary amines. The new compounds affected significantly the central nervous system of mice.     

Reactions with 4-Bromo-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one: New Fused Pyrazole Derivatives

New furo[2,3-c]pyrazoles and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles were synthesized from 4-bromo-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one and active methylenenitriles, ethyl acetoacetate or phenylhydrazine. The constitutions of the new heterocycles were established by elemental analyses and spectroscopic data.     

Photolysis of 3-methyl- and 3-phenyl-4-amino-2-methyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one (author's transl)

Photolysis of 3-Methyl- and 3-Phenyl-4-amino-2-methyl-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one During the irradiation of aqueous solutions of 4-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one ( 1d ) besides the compounds 2 and 3 characteristic photolysis products of pyrazolones (Type I), the compound 12 is obtained, which was formed from two molecules of 1d . 4-Amino-2-methyl-1,3-diphenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one, however isomerises to 8, which upon further irradiation fragments into several components two of them being N-phenyloxamide and N,N′-diphenyloxamide.