丁苯酞软胶囊联合多奈哌齐治疗血管性痴呆疗效分析

目的:对丁苯酞软胶囊联合多奈哌齐治疗血管性痴呆的疗效进行分析。方法:选取本院收治的血管性痴呆患者100例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各50例,两组均服用多奈哌齐的治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用了丁苯酞软胶囊,对两组的临床治疗效果和治疗前、后的MMSE与ADL评分情况进行比价。结果:治疗组总有效率显著的高于对照组(P0.05);而治疗后,治疗组患者的MMSE评分与ADL评分情况也要显著的优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:丁苯酞软胶囊联合多奈哌齐在血管性痴呆的治疗中对于改善患者病情、消除患者智力障碍、提高患者生活能力方面都具有积极作用。     

奥拉西坦联合丁苯酞软胶囊对卒中后血管性痴呆患者神经功能及血清脑源性神经营养因子水平的影响

目的探讨奥拉西坦联合丁苯酞软胶囊对卒中后血管性痴呆(VD)患者神经功能及血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平的影响,为卒中后VD的治疗提供依据。方法选取2016年6月至2018年9月唐山市工人医院97例卒中后VD患者作为研究对象,用随机数字表法分为对照组(48例)和联合治疗组(49例)。对照组应用奥拉西坦治疗,联合治疗组应用奥拉西坦联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗,两组患者均连续治疗1个月。统计两组患者服药依从性,并于治疗前、治疗1个月后应用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评估神经功能,应用简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评估认知功能,应用临床痴呆程度量表(CDR)判定痴呆程度,应用日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评估日常生活能力。治疗前、治疗1个月后检查两组患者双侧大脑中动脉(MCA)、基底动脉(BA)、大脑前动脉(ACA)、椎动脉(VA)平均脑血流速度,测定血清BDNF及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)水平,并观察治疗过程中两组患者不良反应发生情况。用SPSS 24.0软件包进行t检验和χ2检验。结果联合治疗组服药依从性明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前,两组患者神经功能、认知功能、痴呆程度和日常生活能力比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗1个月后,两组患者神经功能、认知功能、痴呆程度和日常生活能力均较本组治疗前有不同程度改善,与对照组比较,联合治疗组NIHSS、MMSE、CDR和ADL评分改善情况更明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前,两组患者BA、MCA、VA和ACA平均血流速度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗1个月后两组患者脑动脉平均血流速度均较本组治疗前明显升高,且联合治疗组明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意主义(P0.05)。治疗前,两组患者bFGF和BDNF水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗1个月后两组患者血清b FGF、BDNF水平均较本组治疗前明显升高,且联合治疗组明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。联合治疗组不良反应发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论卒中后VD患者应用奥拉西坦联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗,有利于提高患者的服药依从性,控制痴呆症状,改善脑血流指标,恢复认知功能及神经功能,提高日常生活能力,机制可能与上调血清BDNF、bFGF水平有关,且安全性较高。     

丁苯酞、尼莫地平分别联合艾地苯醌治疗血管性痴呆的对比研究

目的探讨丁苯酞、尼莫地平分别联合艾地苯醌治疗血管性痴呆的临床效果。方法选取2017年12月至2019年12月我院收治的76例血管性痴呆患者,随机分为两组各38例。A组采用丁苯酞联合艾地苯醌治疗,B组采用尼莫地平联合艾地苯醌治疗,比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗前,两组的MMSE、MoCA及ADL评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,A组的MMSE、MoCA及ADL评分均显著高于B组(P<0.05)。治疗期间,A组的不良反应发生率为7.89%,显著低于B组的28.95%(P<0.05)。结论丁苯酞联合艾地苯醌治疗血管性痴呆患者的临床效果较尼莫地平联合艾地苯醌更好,可有效改善患者的精神、认知及日常活动能力,且安全性较高。     

丁苯酞与尼莫地平对血管性痴呆生活能力的影响

目的 剖析尼莫地平和丁苯酞两种药物方案治疗血管性痴呆(VD)的功效以及对患者日常生活能力的影响。方法 将茌平区人民医院2019年1月—2022年1月收治的VD患者60例,按住院治疗次序分成对照组和研究组各30例。对照组选用尼莫地平治疗,研究组选用丁苯酞胶囊(NBP)治疗。分析并比较两组患者治疗总有效率、不良反应发生率、神经功能缺损水平、认知功能、日常生活自理能力及总身体健康状况。结果 研究组患者治疗总有效率为93.33%,高于对照组的70.00%;不良反应发生率为3.33%,低于对照组的20.00%,差异均有统计学意义(χ²=5.454 5、4.043 1,P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者NIHSS、MoCA、ADL以及SF-36评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,研究组患者NIHSS评分明显低于对照组,MoCA、ADL和SF-36评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 丁苯酞是我国自主开发制造的治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的一类药物,目前已有大量研究确认该药治疗急性缺血性脑卒中安全、有效。同时,与尼莫地平对比,NBP治...     

丁苯酞治疗血管性痴呆疗效及安全性的系统评价

目的：研究分析苯酞治疗血管性痴呆的临床疗效及安全性的系统评价,总结治疗经验。方法：选取自2010年10月到2013年10月间选择在我院接收治疗40例血管性痴呆患者,随机将40例患者均分为研究组与参照组两组,每组20例患者;医师采用丁苯酞对研究组的患者实施相应的治疗,采用奥拉西坦对参照组患者实施相应的治疗,治疗一个月后观察两组患者的临床疗效,采用简易智力状态量表（MMSE）、日常生活活动能力量表（ADL）对他们进行相应的评分。结果：经过相应的治疗之后,研究组20例患者明显优于对照组,研究组患者治疗后在MMSE与ADL间的评分显著优于参照组,两组之间存在显著差异（P〈0.05）。结论：采用丁苯酞治疗血管性痴呆疾病疗效显著,可有效提高血管性痴呆患者认知功能,提高他们的生活质量,这种治疗方法值得在临床医学中推广使用。     

吡拉西坦片联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗对老年血管性痴呆患者血清神经递质水平及认知功能的影响

目的探讨吡拉西坦片联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗对老年血管性痴呆(VD)患者血清神经递质水平及认知功能的影响。方法选取2021年3月至2022年3月我院收治的70例老年VD患者,随机分为两组各35例。对照组采用吡拉西坦片治疗,观察组采用吡拉西坦片联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗。比较两组患者的血清神经递质水平及认知功能。结果治疗4周后,两组乙酰胆碱(ACh)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)水平均升高,且观察组ACh、5-HT、NE、DA水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,两组的MMSE评分均升高,且观察组的MMSE评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论吡拉西坦片联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗可明显提升老年VD患者的血清神经递质水平,改善患者的认知功能。     

丁苯酞软胶囊对改善血管性痴呆患者认知功能的疗效和药学机制研究

目的:探讨研究丁苯酞软胶囊对改善血管性痴呆患者认知功能的疗效和药学机制。方法 :选择我院收治的血管性痴呆患者60例,具体选择时间为2018年1月-2019年1月,将患者随机分为普通组和实验组,每组各30例患者,对普通组患者给予常规治疗措施,对实验组患者给予丁苯酞软胶囊进行治疗,两组患者均进行为期8周的治疗。结果 :治疗过后,实验组患者的ADL评分为(84.6±5.4),普通组患者的ADL评分为(50.4±6.8),实验组患者ADL评分明显高于普通组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组患者的CDR评分为(0.7±0.3),普通组患者的CDR评分为(1.4±0.5),实验组患者CDR评分明显低于普通组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 :对血管性痴呆患者采用丁苯酞软胶囊进行治疗,对患者的认知功能有显著的改善作用,让患者的临床痴呆程度得到缓解,从而促进身体的恢复,提高患者的生活质量,值得临床推广使用。     

观察丁苯酞软胶囊联合尼莫地平治疗老年急性缺血性脑卒中后轻度血管性认知功能障碍的临床价值

目的 探讨丁苯酞软胶囊联合尼莫地平在老年急性缺血性脑卒中后轻度血管性认知功能障碍治疗中应用价值。方法 回顾性抽选海口市第三人民医院2021年1月～2022年4月急性缺血性脑卒中后轻度血管性认知功能障碍患者共计200例,按照治疗方法不同进行分组,对照组100例采用尼莫地平治疗,观察组100例采用尼莫地平与丁苯酞软胶囊联合治疗,比较两组不同结局。结果 对比两组治疗前脑血流速度,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;观察组治疗后脑血流速度,优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;两组治疗前对比MMSE、CSS评分,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;观察组治疗后MMSE、CSS评分,优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;两组治疗前对比血浆SOD、TXB2、NSE水平,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;观察组治疗后血浆SOD、TXB2、NSE水平,优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;两组对比治疗中不良反应发生率,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。结论 老年急性缺血性脑卒中后轻度血管性认知功能障碍治疗中,丁苯酞软胶囊、尼莫...     

联合维生素治疗与血管性痴呆伴高同型半胱氨酸血症的相关分析

目的 分析联合维生素治疗与血管性痴呆(VD)伴高同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)血症的相关性.方法 选取103例VD合并高Hcy血症患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上,联合维生素(叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12)治疗,采用智力低下状态检查(MMSE)和日常生活能力(ADL)评分进行痴呆评定,比较两组患者治疗前后血浆Hcy水平、MMSE及ADL评分.结果 对照组治疗前后血浆Hcy水平、MMSE及ADL评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),观察组治疗前后血浆Hcy水平、MMSE及ADL评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 联合维生素治疗可明显降低血浆Hcy水平,减轻痴呆程度.     

银杏达莫治疗老年血管性痴呆临床疗效观察

目的 探讨银杏达莫在治疗老年人血管性痴呆中的临床疗效.方法 选择符合DSM-Ⅳ标准的60例老年血管性痴呆患者随机分为两组,治疗组和对照组.治疗组应用银杏达莫联合胞二磷胆碱治疗,共4周;对照组单独应用胞二磷胆碱治疗,共4周.治疗前后分别用简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)和日常生活能力量表(ADL)进行评价.结果 治疗组治疗后MMSE评分明显高于治疗前及对照组(P＜0.01).治疗组治疗后ADL评分明显低于治疗前及对照组(P＜0.01).治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P＜0.01).结论 银杏达莫与胞二磷胆碱合用能明显改善血管性痴呆患者的认知功能和日常生活能力,疗效确切,安全性良好.     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The human drama of genetics: 'hard' and 'soft' media representations of inherited breast cancer

This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

The risk of heat exhaustion at a deep underground metalliferous mine in relation to surface temperatures

The risk of heat exhaustion at a deep underground metalliferous mine was assessed in relation to thermal conditions prevailing on the surface. For each day of a 1-year prospective case series of heat exhaustion, surface 24-h mean wet and dry bulb temperatures were recorded. From this data, 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperatures were derived using certain assumptions. The three surface temperature variables were significantly higher on those days on which heat exhaustion occurred, compared to those days on which it did not occur (P < 0.001). The relative risk of heat exhaustion on days when the 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperature was in the range 26.0-28.0 degrees C was 4.82 (95% confidence interval 2.12-10.96). Surface temperature data could be used at this mine to warn miners about the risk of heat exhaustion.