支撑喉镜下喉硅胶膜置入及声带缝合手术治疗喉蹼

目的探讨喉硅胶膜置入及声带黏膜缝合术在治疗喉蹼中的价值及预后转归。方法21例喉蹼患者，4例儿童，17例成人；其中既往有双侧声带手术史（声带任克水肿、声带小结、声带息肉、声带角化）8例，喉乳头状瘤手术史6例，喉部外伤史6例，先天性喉蹼1例。患者在全麻支撑喉镜下行喉蹼瘢痕松解后，15例成人行声带黏膜缝合及喉硅胶膜置入术；4例儿童及2例成人行单纯声带黏膜缝合术。结果15例喉硅胶膜置入患者3—4周后取出支撑的硅胶膜，除1例既往曾有喉裂开史，治疗后前联合处仍残留2—3mm粘连带外，其余14例患者声带前联合均获得良好三角形形态，发音明显改善，无呼吸困难。6例行单纯声带黏膜缝合患者呼吸及发音得到明显改善，2例成年患者前联合处残存2～3mm正常黏膜，术后声带即获得很好成形效果；4例患儿术后前联合残留2—3mm粘连。全部患者随诊6个月-3年，无瘢痕再生。结论喉硅胶膜置入及声带缝合手术治疗喉蹼，利于患者呼吸及发音功能的改善，避免颈外入路手术或气管切开及长期声门支撑，创伤小，并发症少。而声带黏膜单纯缝合手术还可以单独应用于粘连带相对较薄（小于5mm）、黏膜相对丰富的儿童及前联合残存正常黏膜的喉蹼患者。     

显微支撑喉镜下钬激光治疗喉部肿瘤及喉瘢痕狭窄8例

目的 探讨显微支撑喉镜下应用钬激光治疗喉部肿瘤及喉瘢痕狭窄的临床疗效。方法 8例喉部肿瘤及喉瘢痕狭窄患者,均在全麻下行显微支撑喉镜下钬激光手术治疗,术后随访6～12个月。结果 8例中喉癌4例,术后随诊6～12个月发音基本满意,无复发;喉癌术后喉狭窄3例,随诊6～12个月未发生再次狭窄;喉乳头状瘤1例,随诊8个月无复发。结论 对喉部良性肿瘤、早期喉癌及喉气管狭窄等病变行显微支撑喉镜下钬激光手术,具有手术创伤小、患者恢复快、术后并发症较少等特点。     

小儿喉气道阻塞的诊断与处理

目的：探讨小儿喉气道阻塞的病因、临床特点及其处理方法。方法：分析6例不同原因引起喉气道阻塞息儿的临床资料，总结其临床特点及处理方法。结果：6例患儿中先天性喉囊肿3例；先天性喉蹼（声门型）1例；先天性舌根囊肿1例，先天性环状软骨畸形1例。除1例先天性舌根囊肿外余例均于术前或术中行气道切开，2例先天性喉囊肿行支撑喉镜下囊肿切除术，1例行喉裂开囊肿切除术。1例先天性舌根囊肿，表面麻醉后直接喉镜下穿刺抽取囊液。1例先天性喉蹼行支撑喉镜下CO2激光切除喉蹼，4例患儿均于术后1周堵管，堵管2周拔管。1例先天性环状软骨畸形予喉裂开置喉模术，术后7周堵管，现术后2个月，堵管随访中。结论：小儿喉气道阻塞在明确病因后应早期积极采取适当的手术治疗方法，去除狭窄、重建气道，对改善通气和发音、恢复小儿正常的喉气道功能极其重要。     

小儿喉乳头状瘤62例临床分析

目的 :探讨小儿喉乳头状瘤的临床特征。方法 :对 6 2例小儿喉乳头状瘤 ,2 8例在直接喉镜下钳除肿瘤 ,34例行喉显微手术加激光治疗。结果 :随诊 2～ 5年 ,2年治愈率 5 1.6 %。结论 :本病发展快 ,复发率高 ,病变范围广 ,声门下发病率高 ,应用喉显微激光手术及干扰素辅助治疗 ,可更精确切除肿瘤和减少复发 ,并取得较好疗效。     

超声扫描检查儿童喉部

除内诊镜外,喉部病变常需辅以放射检查,但因受射线限制及直接喉镜检查增加痛苦,作者等应用电子线性扫描器行实时超声扫描(B超—译註)对89例(男56、女33,2～14岁)喉病(瘢痕性喉狭窄58例、咽狭窄1、先天性喉蹼3、乳头状瘤病5、单侧喉麻痹3、急性缩窄性喉气管支气管炎9、无喉病对照组10例)患儿进行了检查,其结果与喉镜检     

CO_2激光治疗喉癌前病变及早期声门型喉癌的疗效分析

目的探讨CO_2激光治疗喉癌前病变及早期声门型喉癌的临床效果。方法选取2014年1月～2019年9月在我科行支撑喉镜下CO_2激光显微手术治疗喉癌前病变及早期声门型喉癌患者30例(喉癌前病变20例,早期声门型喉癌10例),观察患者术后恢复情况。结果 30例患者均完成手术,术中均未出现并发症。3例患者因病灶累及前联合,术后2个月出现声带粘连。术后随访6个月～3年。20例喉癌前病变患者中,1例成人声带乳头状瘤患者复发,再次给予CO_2激光手术后未再复发;1例声带白斑复发并癌变,行喉裂开术;其余18例治愈。10例早期声门型喉癌患者中1例切缘呈阳性,再次行CO_2激光手术治疗;1例复发再次行CO_2激光手术治疗;1例复发行喉部分切除术。结论 CO_2激光可完整切除病灶,保留喉部功能,对于复发病例可进行补救治疗,是治疗喉癌前病变及早期声门型喉癌的有效方式。     

应用Lichtenberger喉镜内缝合器固定硅胶膜治疗声门型喉蹼

目的探讨Lichtenberger喉镜内缝合器在临床的应用价值。方法对4例卢门型喉蹼（其中3例为声带息肉术后粘连,1例为先天性喉蹼）患者,显微喉镜下切开喉蹼后,置人硅胶膜,应用Lichtenberger喉镜内缝合器将硅胶膜缝合固定,两周后取出。结果3例声带息肉术后粘连声嘶患者,术后发声基本恢复正常,随访3个月到半年无复发;1例因喉蹼而气管切开多年的患者术后成功拔管,随访3个月,劳累时无呼吸困难,但发声仍嘶哑。结论Lichtenberger喉镜内缝合器固定硅胶膜,操作便捷、有效,值得推广应用。     

高频电刀治疗声门型喉癌的手术方法及预后

目的：探讨高频电刀治疗声门型喉癌的手术方法及预后。方法：对20例声门型喉癌患者,应用高频电刀在皿微支撑喉镜下行声带切除术。结果：所有患者术后随访5个月～6年,喉功能和结构保留良好;1例术后半年局部复发,再行全喉切除术,随访5年未见复发;其余19例（其中2例声带前段轻度粘连）未见局部复发和淋巴结转移。结论：在全身麻醉最微支撑喉镜下,应用高频电刀行声门型喉癌切除手术,疗效较好,且无需投入昂贵设备。     

低温等离子射频治疗成人喉乳头状瘤的初步观察

目的 探讨低温等离子射频切除术治疗成人喉乳头状瘤的可行性.方法 回顾性分析2008年4月至2010年6月治疗的18例喉乳头状瘤患者的临床资料,其中多发性喉乳头状瘤4例,单发喉乳头状瘤14例,患者均经口气管插管全麻,内镜支撑喉镜下应用7070号等离子射频刀切除肿瘤.结果 术中出血约1～10 ml,平均2 ml,术后无出血及其他并发症.随访6至33个月,中位随访时间18个月,16例患者未见复发;2例分别于术后4个月和8个月复发,再次等离子射频切除术,术后分别随访4个月和12个月,1例再次复发,另1例未见复发.结论 内镜支撑喉镜下应用低温等离子射频切除术治疗成人喉乳头状瘤具有出血少、损伤小等优点,是一种较好的手术方法.     

喉科学

20030590支撑喉镜下CO:激光及几丁糖局部涂布治疗喉狭窄/华清泉…//听力学及言语疾病杂志一2002,10(4)一227~228 目的:探讨CO:激光辅以局部几丁糖涂布治疗各种类型喉狭窄的手术方法和疗效。方法:1999年1月一2002年1月在全麻支撑喉镜下共行COZ激光辅以局部几丁糖涂布治疗各类喉狭窄患者21例,其中先天性喉蹼2例,不同原因前联合粘连狭窄13例,后联合蹼形成3例,喉乳头状瘤多次手术后喉闭锁2例,甲状腺术后双侧声带外展麻痹行构状软骨切除术后声门狭窄1例。结果:全部患者术后随访6一24个月,18例拔管保留发声功能;3例再狭窄,2例经再次手术后拔管,…     

等离子射频治疗早期声门型喉癌的初步研究

目的 探讨低温等离子射频消融术治疗早期声门癌的可行性及疗效.方法 14例无淋巴转移的早期声门型喉鳞癌(Tis～T2)接受了经内镜支撑喉镜下的等离子射频切除,未采用放化疗.术后随访2年1个月至3年1个月.结果 术后患者疼痛轻微,当天即可进食、发音.无出血、呼吸困难等并发症.13例患者肿瘤切除彻底,随访至今无瘤生存.1例前连合低分化鳞癌病变侵犯声门下,术后3个月复发,再次等离子射频手术后半年复发,行部分喉切除术后随访至今21个月未见复发.结论 等离子射频可以用于早期声门型喉癌的治疗.

Abstract：

Objective To establish whether Coblation is a suitable modality for removal of early glottic carcinoma. Methods Fourteen patients with early glottic carcinoma (Tis-T2) without lymph node metastasis underwent resection of laryngeal cancer lesions using transoral endoscopic coblation (TEC),without pre- or post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Results No severe complication such as bleeding and dyspnea ocuurred in the cases. Only mild postoperative pain happened to the patients. All patients could eat and pronunce on the surgery day. With following-up of 25-37 months, no recurrence was observed in 13 cases. One case, with poorly differentiated squamous cell lesion in the anterior commissure invading subglottic, recurred 3 months postoperatively. The patient received the re-resection of laryngeal lesion by coblation, but another recurrence happened to the patient 6 months postoperatively, and then was cured by partial laryngectomy, with recurrence-free survival 21 months postoperatively. Conclusion The observation suggests that transoral endoscopic coblation is a reliable and safe modality for the resection of early glottic carcinoma.     

呼吸道硬结病致瘢痕性喉狭窄的手术治疗

目的：探讨呼吸道硬结病致瘢痕性喉狭窄的临床特点和治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析7例导致瘢痕性喉狭窄的呼吸道硬结病的临床资料和治疗方法。结果：对4例单纯喉瘢痕性喉狭窄者,行喉裂开成形术,术后随访7-14年,无复发;喉及颈段气管瘢痕性狭窄2例,行喉气管成形腔内扩张术和舌骨肌瓣成形术各1例,术后分别随访6年和8年,均无复发;1例声门下狭窄患者术后声门下腔宽敞,但术后3个月复查时,肉芽肿病变增生致声门下闭锁,手术失败。结论：瘢痕性喉狭窄应根据不同的病变部位采取相应的手术方式,术中须避免过多的粘膜损伤,以防再度狭窄;对严重的喉气管狭窄者应用粘膜瓣、骨肌瓣等组织充分增加狭窄部的管壁以解除狭窄。     

Epiglottic reconstruction of laryngeal stenosis secondary to cricothyroidostomy

Two cases of laryngeal stenosis secondary to cricothyroidostomy are presented with their management. Both laryngeal injuries involved the glottis and subglottis regions with the second case sustaining total closure of the larynx by scar tissue. Although different surgical procedures were employed, management was successful in each case with one surgical attempt. Total glottic and subglottic reconstruction was necessary in the second case and was successfully handled with a modification of the epiglottic laryngoplasty. The surgical technique is described in detail. Caution is raised concerning the routine use of cricothyroidostomy. Epiglottic laryngoplasty is presented as a simple and encouraging procedure for laryngeal reconstruction of laryngeal stenosis.     

喉返神经减压术

目的探讨喉返神经减压治疗因甲状腺手术和甲状腺肿物压迫所致喉返神经功能障碍的疗效.方法2002年10月-2005年6月间,行喉返神经减压术治疗单侧喉返神经麻痹9例,声门闭合不全4例.包括甲状腺良性肿物切除术后喉返神经麻痹7例,均为普通外科术后.其中6例神经缝扎,1例神经瘢痕粘连,同时对其中2例行Ⅰ型甲状软骨成形术;甲状腺腺瘤1例和结节性甲状腺肿并喉返神经麻痹1例,均行甲状腺肿物切除喉返神经减压.声门闭合不全的4例中,结节性甲状腺肿3例、桥本甲状腺炎1例分别行甲状腺肿物切除或腺叶部分切除,电子喉镜观察手术前、后声带动度变化,评价手术效果.结果5例神经被结扎和1例神经粘连者于3个月内行减压术,术后1周～3个月声带动度恢复,发声满意;1例神经被结扎于术后4个月行减压术者,随访1年声带动度未见恢复.甲状腺腺瘤和结节性甲状腺肿并喉返神经麻痹患者减压术后3个月内声带动度完全恢复,声门闭合不全并结节性甲状腺肿和桥本甲状腺炎者,术后1周内声门缝隙消失、声嘶消失.结论对于因甲状腺手术所致的喉返神经麻痹,应尽快行喉返神经探查和减压术;声音嘶哑较严重者,可考虑同时行Ⅰ型甲状软骨成形术,以短时间内改善患者发声状况,提高患者生活质量;对于甲状腺肿物合并喉返神经麻痹或声门闭合不良者,应积极行手术探查,行喉返神经减压.     

Management of severe congenital laryngeal webs – a 12 year review

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate respiratory and voice outcomes after open surgery for severe congenital laryngeal web.MethodsIncluded were all patients treated for severe congenital glottic web (Cohen type 3 and 4) between 2002 and 2014. Demographic data, symptoms, endoscopic findings, type of operation, outcome and complications were analyzed. Open surgery was performed with division of the web and enlargement of the subglottis by a laryngotracheal reconstruction or an extended partial cricotracheal resection.ResultsFourteen patients were included. Information on the pre-operative voice was available in 11 patients. Aphonia was present in 6 patients (55%), dysphonia was severe in 1 (9%), moderate in 2 (18%) and mild in 2 (18%). Median age at operation was 19.3 months. As a first line treatment, laryngotracheal reconstruction was performed in 12 patients, and an extended partial cricotracheal resection in 2. Median follow-up was 9.5 months. All patients were successfully decannulated in a median time of 4 months after first surgery. Voice was improved in 10/11 (91%). Post-operatively, 3 patients (27%) had good voice. Dysphonia was severe in 2 (18%), moderate in 3 (27%) and mild in 3 patients (27%).ConclusionOpen surgery for Cohen type 3 and 4 glottic web allowed establishing a patent airway with successful decannulation in all cases. Quality of voice was improved in 91%, however, voice results were variable. In our opinion a delicate operative technique described in the paper is important for optimal voice results.     

Acquired glottic web formation in a 3-year-old girl: Case report and literature review

Pediatric glottic webs are most commonly congenital in origin. Acquired webs in children are typically traumatic in nature, primarily from external trauma or intubation. We report a unique variation of this post-traumatic etiology: a web centered at the junction of the anterior one-third and posterior two-thirds of the vocal folds, possibly formed after phonotraumatic stress from severe coughing. Our case suggests that careful attention should be paid to persistent voice changes after acute illness, as this may be a sign of laryngeal web in the setting of phonotraumatic stress.     

Congenital anterior glottic webs with subglottic stenosis: Surgery using perichondrial keels

Four children with severe congenital anterior glottic webs required surgical reconstruction of their laryngeal airway to either avoid a tracheotomy or allow tracheotomy decannulation. The technique of re-establishing a glottic inlet allows both normal respiration, good cough and a satisfactory voice outcome. It utilizes an autogenous graft with perichondrium acting as an overlay keel to minimize glottic web reformation. All children were found to have Shprintzen syndrome.

Objective

The objective of this case series was to document the method of surgically using this perichondrial keel for airway reconstruction. It also examined the subsequent outcome and associated complications that were encountered.

Methods

A prospective analysis of four cases from 2001 to 2008 created a database of information. All cases were classified using the Cohen staging system. They were treated with the same surgical technique using auricular or costal cartilage graft with attached perichondrium, but the postoperative course was tailored to each individual case.

Results

All four children were successfully treated with removal or avoidance of a tracheostomy. All had an associated subglottic stenosis treated, and had no major complication requiring revision tracheotomy. They did not have any respiratory complications, and they produce a satisfactory voice albeit still slightly husky.

Conclusion

All four cases had Shprintzen syndrome, and confirms the need to screen for VCFS in children with an anterior glottic web. Tracheotomy is still the gold standard of treatment in severe congenital anterior glottic webs. The described technique offers another good option to the paediatric airway surgeon in managing this condition.     

Application of mitomycin C after endoscopic lysis of congenital laryngeal web combined with epiglottic hypoplasia in a middle-aged man

Laryngeal webs and epiglottic hypoplasias are uncommon congenital anomalies. Anterior glottic web combined with epiglottic hypoplasia was found in a middle-aged man presenting with hoarseness and dyspnea on exertion. This can be considered as a unique isolated defect of the larynx during early fetal development. The laryngeal web can be successfully treated in a single stage with endoscopic lysis and topical application of mitomycin C for prevention of anterior glottic restenosis. This case and prior reports suggest that the novel approach may be effective in the treatment of laryngeal webs.