异体真皮在大面积烧伤后期功能整形的应用

目的观察异体真皮在烧伤后瘢痕整形手术中的临床应用效果。方法8例烧伤后瘢痕整形手术中,异体真皮组创面应用异体真皮＋自体刃厚皮片复合移植覆盖,对照组创面应用自体刃厚皮片移植覆盖,随访1年,比较术后两组功能和收缩情况。结果烧伤瘢痕切除术后半年及1年随访观察,发现采用异体真皮组创面应用异体真皮＋自体刃厚皮片复合移植术较对照组愈合后皮肤收缩少,表面更光滑柔软。结论异体真皮＋自体刃厚皮片复合移植较单纯自体刃厚皮片移植后期功能和外观佳,是烧伤后瘢痕整形良好的覆盖材料。     

新型国产双层人工真皮移植修复手足部肌腱及骨外露创面效果分析

目的探讨新型国产双层人工真皮移植修复手足部肌腱及骨外露创面的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至12月周口淮海医院收治的符合纳入标准的82例手足部肌腱及骨外露患者的临床资料,按照治疗方法不同将采用新型国产双层人工真皮+自体刃厚皮片移植治疗的42例患者设为观察组,将采用皮能快愈敷料+自体刃厚皮片移植治疗的40例患者设为对照组,对比两组患者的植皮次数、移植间隔时间、温哥华瘢痕量表(Vancouver scar scale, VSS)评分、皮片成活率及皮片破溃率等。结果观察组患者的植皮次数为(1.34±0.31)次、移植间隔时间为(18. 50±4.39) d、VSS评分为(4. 76±1.98)分、皮片成活率为92. 86%、皮片破溃率为2.38%,对照组患者的植皮次数为(1.25±0.34)次、移植间隔时间为(13.14±3.52) d、VSS评分为(5. 04±2. 14)分、皮片成活率为100%、皮片破溃率为5. 00%。两组患者移植间隔时间对比,P 0.01,差异具有统计学意义;植皮次数、VSS评分、皮片成活率及皮片破溃率对比,P均0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论在手足部肌腱及骨外露创面的治疗中,新型国产双层人工真皮可取得与皮能快愈敷料同等的疗效,但却存在移植间隔时间较长的弊端。     

异种无细胞真皮动物移植实验研究

目的研究巴马香猪无细胞真皮（acellular dermal matrix,ADM）结合自体刃厚皮移植于皮肤全层缺损大鼠后的免疫排斥反应、移植皮片存活率及创面收缩率。方法将巴马香猪ADM、人ADM及异体大鼠ADM结合自体刃厚皮移植于皮肤全层缺损大鼠背部,与大鼠自体全厚皮片移植组、单纯自体刃厚皮移植组比较,观察移植第1、2、4、8w时免疫排斥反应发生及炎症细胞浸润情况,计算不同时间点移植皮片存活率及创面收缩率。结果巴马香猪ADM和人ADM结合自体皮片移植到大鼠创面后,未引起明显免疫排斥反应,移植皮片存活率及创面收缩率无明显差异;与异体大鼠ADM组移植皮片存活率及创面收缩率之间差异不显著;移植皮片存活率明显低于自体全厚皮片移植组,但显著高于单纯自体刃厚皮移植组,创面收缩率显著低于自体刃厚皮移植组。结论巴马香猪ADM与人ADM具有相似的安全性和有效性,可提高自体皮片存活率,降低创面收缩率,完全可能替代人ADM应用于创伤修复领域。     

脱细胞异体真皮与自体刃厚皮移植矫正瘢痕畸形

目的 评估脱细胞异体真皮在烧伤后期瘢痕畸形矫正中的应用价值。方法 对60例烧伤后期瘢痕畸形病人矫形后继发创面行脱细胞异体真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植。结果 所有病人皮片全部成活，复合皮片外观平整，颜色与邻近正常皮肤近似，无明显收缩，柔软耐磨，富有弹性。结论 脱细胞异体真皮是烧伤后期瘢痕畸形矫形中较理想的材料。     

真皮"生物模板"对创面愈合中肌成纤维细胞形成和凋亡的影响

目的　探讨真皮“生物模板”对创面愈合中成纤维细胞分化为肌成纤维细胞的干预作用和对细胞凋亡的影响。　方法　深度烧伤患者切痂后 ,创面分为两部分 ,即模板干预组和对照组。模板干预组创面应用真皮“生物模板”(异体J- 1型无细胞真皮基质 )并同时移植自体刃厚皮片 ,对照组创面则单纯移植自体刃厚皮片。分别于术后 2 ,4 ,6周取组织标本 ,每组每时相点分别取 6例次 ,共 36例次。应用脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记 (TUNEL)法和透射电镜观察的方法检测创面组织细胞凋亡 ;同时 ,以α -辅肌动蛋白 (SMA)免疫组化染色并结合透射电镜观察的方法检测肌成纤维细胞。　结果　真皮“生物模板”移植术后 2～ 6周 ,组织标本中表达α-SMA的成纤维细胞逐渐增多 ,但对照组表达量显著高于模板干预组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;细胞凋亡计数随着创面愈合逐渐增加 ,模板干预组明显多于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　真皮“生物模板”与自体刃厚皮片复合移植后 ,可减少成纤维细胞向肌成纤维细胞分化 ,诱导创面局部细胞凋亡 ,从而减少创面收缩和减轻瘢痕增生。     

激光打孔制备微孔猪脱细胞真皮基质

目的 探讨激光打孔制备微孔猪脱细胞真皮基质（PADM）的可行性。 方法 采用胰蛋白酶/TritonX-100的方法制备PADM，使用CO2激光加工机进行打孔。对比激光微孔PADM与传统网状PADM的外观。将48只SD大鼠背部制作全层皮肤缺损创面，随机分为3组，每组16只。微孔组：移植激光微孔PADM＋自体刃厚皮；网状组：移植网状PADM＋自体刃厚皮；对照组：仅移植自体刃厚皮。术后定期观察各组大鼠创面愈合情况，计算移植物成活率和创面收缩率。结果激光微孑LPADM微孔呈矩阵样整齐排列，与网状PADM比较真皮基质分布更均匀。术后6周，微孔组移植物成活率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义，但明显高于网状组（P〈0．05）；微孔组创面收缩率明显低于网状组和对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 激光打孔可制备激光微孔PADM，其真皮基质与自体刃厚皮复合移植可提高创面修复质量。     

瘢痕畸形应用脱细胞异体真皮复合移植的疗效观察

目的评价脱细胞异体真皮在烧伤后期瘢痕畸形整形中的应用价值。方法对24例烧伤后期瘢痕畸形病人整形后继发创面进行脱细胞异体真皮与自体刃厚皮片复合移植。结果24例病人复合移植皮片成活率为95％。成活的复合移植皮片具有外观平整,颜色与邻近正常皮肤相近似,无明显收缩,触之柔软,耐磨,弹性好等特点。结论脱细胞异体真皮是烧伤后期瘢痕畸形整形中比较理想的材料。     

刃厚皮移植治疗烧伤后皮肤色素脱失的体会

目的:探讨采用去除脱色区表皮加自体表皮移植术治疗烧伤后皮肤色素脱失的体会.方法:局麻下应用电动取皮刀或磨削法将脱色区表皮去除,用电动取皮刀切取大张自体刃厚皮,厚度为0.1mm～0.2mm,仅含表皮.将皮片依据创面大小,平整贴附,适当固定,术后1周余打开.结果:本组18例患者术后7天～10天打开敷料,移植皮片完全成活,外观平整.经2个月～3年随访,部分色素较周围皮肤略有加深,无挛缩、瘢痕增生及色素减退出现,效果满意.结论:刃厚皮移植是治疗烧伤后皮肤色素脱失的较理想方法.     

异种(猪)去细胞真皮基质与自体微粒皮及自体刃厚皮复合移植的比较研究

目的　比较异种 (猪 )去细胞真皮基质 (PADM)与自体刃厚皮、PADM与自体微粒和同种异体皮以及自体微粒皮加同种异体皮覆盖烧伤创面后愈合质量的差异。方法　72只SD大鼠背部全层皮肤缺损创面分别用PADM +自体刃厚皮 (实验组I)、PADM +自体微粒皮 +同种异体皮 (实验组II)和微粒皮 +同种异体皮 (对照组 )覆盖 ,术后定期观察创面愈合情况并计算植皮成活率和收缩率 ,同时行组织学观察。结果　实验组I、II复合皮外观较平整 ,植皮成活率高 ,收缩程度轻 ,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ,且实验组I创面愈合情况优于实验组II。组织学观察实验组I、II上皮化良好 ,胶原纤维排列有序 ,基底膜结构完整。结论　异种 (猪 )去细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮覆盖烧伤创面后愈合质量最佳 ,异种 (猪 )去细胞真皮基质与自体微粒和同种异体皮覆盖烧伤创面后愈合质量次之 ,但明显优于微粒皮加同种异体皮组。     

负压创面治疗技术促进皮肤移植成活的回顾性研究

目的 观察负压创面治疗技术(negative pressure wound therapy,NPWT)对刃厚游离皮片移植术后皮片成活率的影响. 方法 对65例皮肤缺损的患者,根据皮肤移植术后皮片固定方法的不同分为两组:其中Ⅰ组为NPWT治疗组(35例),刃厚游离皮片移植术后行创面负压吸引治疗；Ⅱ组为常规治疗组(30例),刃厚游离皮片移植术后用打包或加压包扎的方式固定. 结果 术后第5天皮片成活率比较:Ⅰ组为(80.59±10.30)％,明显高于Ⅱ组的(71.46±10.68)％(P＜0.05)；术后皮片成活时间比较:Ⅰ组为(5.34±0.87)d,明显少于Ⅱ组的(11.20±1.65)d(P＜0.01)；术后住院治疗时间比较:Ⅰ组为(10.83±0.82)d,明显少于Ⅱ组的(15.50±1.11)d(P＜0.01)；术后抗生素费用比较:Ⅰ组为(1 765.71±164.39)元,明显少于Ⅱ组的(2 700.00±221.28)元(P＜0.01)；术后换药次数及换药费用比较:Ⅰ组为(3.11±0.32)次、(249.14±25.82)元,明显少于Ⅱ组的(4.53±0.68)次、(362.67±54.52)元(P＜0.01). 结论 刃厚游离皮片移植术后应用NPWT可以缩短皮片成活时间,缩短患者住院治疗时间,减少抗生素使用及换药次数.     

Dealing with cancer--conversations with radiotherapy patients

Thirty in-patients treated by radiotherapy were questioned in qualitative interviews about the information they had received from the physicians and their way to deal with the disease and the physicians. Furthermore 18 persons out of this group were accompanied continuously. The confidential relationships between the patients and the author of the study brought about spontaneous conversations showing some new aspects of the way to experience disease and therapy. Despite a poor prognosis and an initially insufficient information, the patients formulated their questions openly. Generally they desired a clearer communication. They criticized above all the lack of information and attention from the physicians. A need for confidence, frankness, and the conveyance of a justified hope was expressed. The physician's stress and resulting lack of time was complained of. During the time of accompanying which lasted several weeks, it became evident that information means a way to deal with the disease to which the patient can make his individual contribution. The majority of questions as well as emotional reactions as fear or depression came from those patients who seemed to be quiet persons.     

Radiochemotherapy with temozolomide for patients with glioblastoma

Background

The objective of this retrospective analysis was to assess long-term outcome and prognostic factors of unselected patients treated for glioblastoma (GB) at a single center with surgery, standard radiotherapy (RT), and concomitant temozolomide (TMZ). From 1999?C2005, the institutional protocol included surgery and RT with TMZ. From 2005 on, adjuvant TMZ was routinely added.

Patients and Methods

Between April 1999 and September 2009, 181 patients with GB were treated with RT (60 Gy in 30 fractions) and concomitant TMZ (75 mg/m²/day throughout RT). Biopsy only had been performed in 53 patients (29.3%), 128 patients (70.7%) had undergone resection, which was complete based on postoperative MRI in 51 patients (28.2%). Adjuvant TMZ was applied in 67 of 181 patients (37%).

Results

Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 15.0 (95% CI, 13.1?C16.8) and 7.2 months (95% CI, 5.9?C8.5), respectively. After complete resection, partial/subtotal resection and biopsy, median OS was 23.20, 14.75, and 7.89 months (p < 0.001), respectively. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, extent of resection (p < 0.0001), Karnofsky??s performance score (p < 0.0001) and adjuvant TMZ (p = 0.001) were significant independent prognostic factors for OS. RT with concomitant TMZ was well tolerated in the majority of patients and could be completed as scheduled in 146 patients (80.7%), while 11 patients (6.1%) discontinued RT. Another 35 patients (19.3%) interrupted concomitant chemotherapy.

Conclusion

RT with concomitant TMZ is a feasible regimen with acceptable toxicity in routine practice. Our data are compatible with a beneficial effect of adjuvant TMZ on OS and PFS.     

湿润烧伤膏与手术联合治疗褥疮的护理

目的 :减少溃疡期褥疮的术前准备时间 ,缩短褥疮的总病程。方法 :将 1996年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 5月收住院的 4 2例溃疡期褥疮病人按随机原则分为 2组 ,2 1例术前用湿润烧伤膏纱换药处理 ,为A组 (试验组 ) ;2 1例用庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药处理 ,为B组 (对照组 )。 2组病例的年龄、性别、发病原因、病灶部位、病灶范围等经统计学处理 ,无显著性差别 ,有可比性。两组病人均换药至创面新鲜行皮瓣转移手术 ;比较两组平均术前换药时间 ,及换药 +手术的总住院日。术前术后两组患者均运用护理程序施行整体护理。结果 :A组术前平均换药时间为 8 4 9± 2 2 3天 ,B组为 15 6 0± 6 70天 ;A组平均治愈时间为 2 0 5 0± 4 81天 ,B组为 35 31± 7 70天。结论 :湿润烧伤膏换药与庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药比较 ,前者可明显缩短褥疮手术的术前准备时间及病人的总住院天数。     

Bronchogenic carcinoma: staging with MR compared with staging with CT and surgery

Thirty-three patients suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma were studied prospectively using magnetic resonance (MR). In this group, 30 underwent examination with computed tomography (CT), 15 underwent thoracotomy, six had mediastinal biopsy procedures performed, and eight underwent bronchoscopy. MR studies, which included transaxial spin-echo imaging (TR, 0.5 and 2.0 sec; TE, 28 and 56 msec) of all patients and sagittal or coronal imaging of 18, were performed without knowledge of CT findings, using only plain radiographs as a guide. CT and MR studies were interpreted separately. CT and MR provided comparable information regarding the presence and size of mediastinal lymph nodes. MR better discriminated mediastinal nodes from vascular structures. However, in two of 11 patients who had multiple mediastinal lymph nodes that were normal in size at CT examination and surgery, MR suggested a confluent abnormal mass, probably because of its poorer spatial resolution. MR was superior to CT in showing enlarged hilar lymph nodes, but CT was better for demonstrating bronchial abnormalities. In three of four patients who had a proved hilar mass with distal obstructive pneumonia, MR (TR, 2.0 sec) helped distinguish between the mass and collapsed lung.     

臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例

2006年10月至2007年4月,我科采用引进的德国赫尔曼Medozon型臭氧发生装置系统产生的臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例,疗效满意.现报告如下.     

多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡81例临床观察

1995年 1月～ 1 998年 2月 ,我们采用多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡 (ＰＵ) ,并与雷尼替丁为对照组进行治疗观察 ,疗效满意 ,现总结报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组 81例ＰＵ均因上腹痛、返酸、腹胀及食欲不振等症状 ,经胃镜诊断为溃疡活动期患者。病程 2个月～ 5ａ,平均 1 7ａ。伴有焦虑、抑郁及夜眠欠佳等症者59例。随机分为 2组 :治疗组 4 1例 ,男 3 8例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 8～ 3 6岁 ,平均 2 4岁。其中胃溃疡 1 1例 ,十二指肠球部溃疡 3 0例。对照组 4 0例 ,男 3 7例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 9～ 3 5岁 ,平均 2 4 5岁 ;胃溃疡 1 2…     

Tumor Burden Assessment with Positron Emission Tomography with

Objective: In patients with advanced cancer, total tumor burden affects the likelihood of tumor response and has important implications for prognosis. The aim of this study was to select the optimum 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG PET) tumor uptake parameter to accurately measure tumor burden in advanced metastatic renal cell cancer, in comparison with volumes measured with computed tomography (CT), as a reference test.Materials and Methods: Six patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma measurable on CT were studied. CT and FDG PET scans were carried out on all patients within 4 weeks prior to their entry into a phase I-II radioimmunotherapy trial. CT-based evaluation of disease extent (tumor volume) and 4 PET-based measurements (standardized uptake value[SUVmax], SUVav, volume, and total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) were performed independently by a radiologist (VN) and a nuclear medicine physician (TA). The degree of correlation between conventional (CT) extent of disease and parameters describing tumor concentration of FDG was then determined.Results: Fifty-seven CT-measurable metastatic lesions in lung, abdomen, and scalp were evaluated in 6 patients. There was a high correlation between CT and FDG PET volume estimates for lesions greater than 5 cm(3) in size. However, a PET-derived parameter that embodies both FDG uptake and lesion size, the TLG, correlated better with CT-derived tumor volume than did FDG PET volume alone.Conclusion: Using CT volume as a gold standard, the optimal PET-based estimate of total tumor burden in patients with metastatic renal cancer is the sum over all lesions of the total lesion glycolysis.     

MEBO药纱门诊治疗烧(烫)伤71例的体会

作者报道用MEBO药纱敷盖门诊治疗烧（烫）伤71例，均获治愈。经随访1年，深Ⅱ度创面疤痕发生率为15％（3／20），浅Ⅲ度创面疤痕发生率为38．9％（7／18）。