非小细胞肺癌原发灶代谢参数与区域淋巴结转移的关系研究

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)18F-FDG PET/CT显像中原发病灶的各项代谢参数SUVmax、SUVmean、MTV、TLG和病灶T分期与区域淋巴结有无转移及N分期的关系及其临床价值。方法回顾性分析93例18 F-FDG PET/CT检查后行肺癌切除+区域淋巴结清扫术患者的资料,与病理对照,统计分析有无淋巴结转移、N分期与肺癌原发灶SUVmax、SUVmean、MTV、TLG、T分期之间是否有差异及相关性;通过ROC曲线方法评价SUVmax、SUVmean、MTV、TLG、T分期对肺癌患者区域淋巴结有无转移判断的价值。结果93例患者中N0 48例,N1 15例,N2 30例。Mann-Whitney U非参检验分析显示:肺癌原发灶SUVmax、SUVmean、MTV、TLG、T分期在区域淋巴结有无转移两组间均有统计学差异(P均0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示:肺癌原发灶SUVmax、SUVmean、MTV、TLG、T分期与区域淋巴结转移均有相关性(P均0.05)。非参数假设检验独立样本Kruskal-Wallis检验分析显示:除MTV外,肺癌原发灶SUVmax、SUVmean、TLG、T分期与N分期均有统计学差异(P均0.05)。Spearman相关分析,肺癌原发灶SUVmax、SUVmean、TLG、T分期与N分期均有相关性(P均0.05),MTV与N分期无明显相关性(P0.05)。利用ROC曲线分析,SUVmax、SUVmean、MTV、TLG、T分期诊断是否有区域淋巴结转移的曲线下面积分别为0.699、0.695、0.640、0.728、0.626(P均0.05)。TLG在这些参数中曲线下面积最大,具有较高诊断效能,以TLG13.765(g)作为诊断界值,诊断的敏感性83.7%,特异性45.5%,阳性预测值65.1%,阴性预测值71.4%,准确性67.7%。结论 SUVmax、SUVmean、MTV、TLG和病灶T分期与非小细胞肺癌区域淋巴结转移及N分期有一定的相关性,TLG诊断区域淋巴结是否转移效能较高,可作为判断非小细胞肺癌区域淋巴结转移的辅助手段。     

治疗前胃癌患者18F-FDG PET/CT显像特征分析

目的探讨治疗前胃癌患者¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT显像特征,并分析影响胃癌原发灶最大标准摄取值(maximum standardized uptake value,SUVmax)的相关因素。方法选取并分析2017年1月~2019年12月经病理学证实的70例胃癌患者临床资料,所有患者均于治疗前在本院行PET/CT全身显像,显像结果采用半定量分析及视觉分析。不同病理分型、性别、年龄、是否淋巴结转移、是否脏器转移组间原发灶SUVmax值比较采用t检验;不同原发灶部位组间SUVmax值比较采用方差分析;原发灶最大厚度值与原发灶SUVmax值相关性采用Pearson相关分析。结果70例患者中66例原发灶18氟-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(¹⁸F-2-fluro-D-deoxy-glucose,¹⁸F-FDG)显像阳性,灵敏度94.3%,SUVmax9.6±4.9;PET显像灵敏度肠型胃癌高于非肠型胃癌〔33/33(100%)vs 27/31(87.1%)〕、非粘液腺癌高于粘液腺癌〔54/55(98.2%)vs 12/15(80.0%)〕。PET/CT对胃癌患者区域淋巴结转移诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为86.7%、50.0%、76.2%、81.3%、60.0%;PET/CT提示23例患者存在脏器转移,以肝转移最常见。对各组间原发灶SUVmax值比较:肠型胃癌高于非肠型胃癌(12.2±6.3 vs 7.9±4.1,P=0.008)、非粘液腺癌高于粘液腺癌(12.9±7.1 vs 5.7±2.0,P=0.001)、伴脏器转移高于无脏器转移(13.1±7.5 vs 7.4±2.0,P=0.016);不同性别、年龄、是否淋巴结转移、原发灶部位组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病灶最大厚度值2.3±1.4与原发灶SUVmax值无相关(r=0.075,P>0.05)。结论PET/CT检查在胃癌原发灶诊断及淋巴结、脏器转移探查中具有重要价值,病理分型、脏器转移是影响原发灶SUVmax值的相关因素。     

PET-CT在肺部疾病诊疗中的应用

目的探讨正电子发射断层/计算机断层扫描(PET-CT)在临床肺部疾病中的应用。方法 13例患者在行PET-CT检查的同时,通过经皮肺穿刺活检、经皮胸膜活检、纤支镜活检或手术取得了肺部组织进行病理检查或通过脱落细胞明确诊断,并同期采取血样检测癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19片段(Cy21-1)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE),分析PET-CT诊断、肿瘤标志物检测结果与最终病理诊断之间的相关性。结果 13例患者的PET-CT诊断结果与病理结果的相符率100%,没有假阳性或假阴性;肿瘤标记物与PET-CT诊断结果和病理结果之间相关性不强;肿瘤的SUVmax,与肿块大小和纵隔淋巴结转移之间无明确的相关性。结论 PET-CT对肺部疾病的诊疗有着重要的价值,严格掌握适应证可进一步降低假阳性或假阴性。     

T1期肺癌原发灶18F-FDG摄取与转移的关系

目的 探讨T1期肺癌原发灶18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)摄取与病灶大小、淋巴结转移、远处转移、病理类型的关系.方法 对61例治疗前行全身18F-FDG PET/CT扫描的T1期肺癌患者,确定其临床分期以及原发灶大小(最大径)和18F-FDG摄取值[以最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)表示],并分为无转移组、仅淋巴结转移组和有远处转移组.分析各组的18F-FDG摄取与原发灶大小、淋巴结转移、远处转移、病理类型的关系.结果 原发灶大小与SUVmax呈正相关(r=0.466,P＜0.05),各组间大小差异无统计学意义.SUVmax在无转移组(5.05±1.97)与仅淋巴结转移组(7.96±2.98)、远处转移组(8.25±2.93)之间差异均有统计学意义(P值分别为0.003,0.002).而仅淋巴结转移组与远处转移组之间SUVmax差异无统计学意义(P=0.718).肺腺癌、鳞癌的大小(t=1.566,P=0.111)和SUVmax(t:0.478,P=0.623)差异均无统计学意义.结论 T1期肺癌原发灶18F-FDG摄取可能对预测转移有一定的价值.     

非小细胞肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的胸部CT表现影像及临床分析

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)纵隔淋巴结转移的胸部CT影像体征及临床特征。方法对我院行CT检查和治疗的140例NSCLC患者CT检查结果进行分析对比。结果 140例NSCLC患者中,实际发生纵隔淋巴结转移67例、未发生转移者73例,CT检出实际检出转移46例、未转移54例,敏感度68.66%;CT在2L、4L、8区、10L等区敏感度均为100%,在2L、4L、8区等区特异度均为100%;另外,CT显示真阳性淋巴结直径显著大于假阴性直径(t=4.019,P0.05)。临床特征分析,纵隔淋巴结转移组与未转移组在性别、年龄、是否吸烟、病理分型、胸膜是否凹陷、是否毛刺等上均无显著差异(P0.05);而转移组肿瘤中低分化占比显著高于未转移组(χ~2=4.432,P0.05)。结论胸部CT可帮助临床判断纵隔淋巴结是否转移及转移部位。     

PET-CT在胸腹膜转移瘤诊断中的临床价值

目的 评价PET-CT在胸腹膜转移瘤诊断中的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析具有原发恶性肿瘤病史及不明原因胸腹腔积液,临床高度怀疑胸腹膜转移瘤的37例患者资料.全部患者均行18F-FDG PET-CT全身显像,经病历记录分析、肿瘤标志物检测、病理检查或临床随访最终判断是否存在胸腹膜转移瘤,并对已确诊胸腹膜转移瘤的患者记录病灶代谢分布形态及测量最大标准化摄取值(SUVmax).结果 37例行18F-FDG PET-CT全身显像的患者中,PET-CT诊断阳性的患者共29例,其中,假阳性3例;诊断为阴性的患者共8例,其中,假阴性2例.18F-FDG PET-CT全身显像诊断胸腹膜转移瘤的灵敏度为92.9％、特异度为66.7％、准确率为86.5％、阳性预测值为89.7％、阴性预测值为75％.在已确诊胸腹膜转移瘤的26例患者的全身显像中,病灶摄取形态呈条形或环形分布者11例、呈点灶状分布者15例,两组病灶SUVmax分别为5.97±3.39和2.89±0.92,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.93,P＜0.05).结论 PET-CT全身显像在胸腹膜转移瘤的诊断中具有简单、无创和灵敏度高等优点,是一种理想的判断胸腹膜转移瘤的方法,具有较高的临床应用价值.     

肺癌肾上腺转移的18F-FDGPET/CT的图像分析

目的分析肺癌肾上腺转移患者的18F-脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射计算机断层显像(18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography,18F-FDG PET/CT)特征,并评价其临床应用价值.资料与方法回顾性分析本院PET-CT中心检查发现并最终确诊的肺癌肾上腺转移患者31例,共35个肾上腺转移灶,分析其CT和PET图像特征,将同期转移患者原发灶和转移灶的最大SUV(SUVmax)进行相关性分析,并用t检验比较同期转移和异期转移病灶的SUVmax的差异。结果肺癌肾上腺转移瘤在CT表现为类圆形或不规则形的结节灶,35个病灶中密度均匀者23个,不均匀者12个,直径为0.8～10cm,平均为2.56±1.68cm;PET图像上最大SUV为1.9～22.1,平均为7.02±4.28。肺癌原发灶SUVmax为2.3～18.9,平均为8.07±4.59;肾上腺转移灶的SUVmax与原发灶的SUVmax无相关性(P=0.009,P=0.972)。初诊转移与随诊转移的肾上腺转移瘤的SUVmax的差异无统计学意义(t=-0.904,P=0.373)。显示3例病灶肾上腺转移瘤的变化随原发灶的好转而同步改善。结论 PET/CT检查对肺癌肾上腺转移的诊断有重要价值,可作为肾上腺转移癌的检查方法。     

320排CT双入口灌注参数预测肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的应用价值

目的:探讨肺癌原发灶的双入口技术灌注成像参数与纵隔淋巴结转移的关系及其诊断效能.方法:对61例经术后病理证实的肺癌患者行320排CT灌注成像(CTPI)检查,运用双入口(dual-input,DI)模式对图像进行后处理,采用两独立样本t检验分析纵隔淋巴结转移与肺癌原发灶的DI-CTPI参数的关系,并运用ROC曲线分析DI-CTP参数对肺癌合纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断效能.结果:有淋巴结转移组(27例)支气管动脉血流量(BAF)高于无淋巴结转移组(34例),差异有统计学意义(t=4.173,P＜0.001);有淋巴结转移组的灌注指数(PI)低于无淋巴结转移组,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.378,P=0.001);两组肺动脉血流量(PAF)间的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).三个参数中,BAF的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)最大(0.773),以BAF＞56.42mL/(min·100mL)作为预测肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的临界值时,敏感度为74.1％,特异度为76.5％;PI的AUC为0.739,以PI＜41.57％作为预测纵隔淋巴结转移的临界值时,敏感度为82.4％,特异度为66.7％.结论:肺癌DI-CTPI参数对术前预测肺癌是否发生纵隔淋巴结转移有重要参考价值,从而可为肺癌的术前分期及治疗方案的制定等提供参考.     

PET-CT及PET-CT结合Lung VCAR软件对非小细胞肺癌肺门区淋巴结的诊断分析

目的 探讨PET-CT以及PET-CT合肺部容积式计算机辅助诊断(Lung VCAR)软件对肺门区淋巴结的诊断效能.方法 49例术前行全身18F-FDG PET-CT检查高度怀疑非小细胞肺癌,并行病灶根治性手术及系统淋巴结清扫的患者资料纳入本研究,由两名PET-CT医师在不知病理结果的前提下,对肺门区淋巴结的PET-CT图像以及PET-CT结合Lung VCAR软件得到的图像进行分析,然后再与病理结果进行对照.结果 良、恶性淋巴结的CT值之间的差异无统计学意义(t=-1.40,P＞0.05),但良、恶性淋巴结的密度视觉分析、淋巴结短径和淋巴结最大标准化摄取值(SUVmax)对肺门区淋巴结良、恶性的判断之间的差异具有统计学意义(x2=30.37、27.40、20.06,P均＜0.05);以CT上淋巴结短径≥1 cm、淋巴结密度等于或略低于同层血管密度和PET上淋巴结SUVmax≥2.5为判断标准,PET-CT对肺门区淋巴结诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为76.5％、90.7％和88.3％,准确率明显高于单独的CT和单独的PET (x2=15.27,P＜0.05);结合Lung VCAR软件发现,PET-CT诊断出的103个肺门区淋巴结中,有4个不是肺门区淋巴结(3个为肺门区血管浓聚,1个为支气管软骨).结论 采用淋巴结视觉密度分析结合淋巴结直径和SUVmax的PET-CT分析方法,诊断非小细胞肺癌肺门区淋巴结的准确率较高;肺门区血管的浓聚是影响肺门区淋巴结辨别的主要原因,而Lung VCAR软件有助于诊断.     

双能CT对肺癌淋巴结分期的可行性研究:碘浓度与纵隔淋巴结转移的相关性分析

目的:探讨双能CT测量纵隔淋巴结碘浓度(IC)与淋巴结转移的相关性。方法:回顾性分析22例行肺癌切除及纵隔淋巴结清扫术患者的病例资料,经病理证实的纵隔淋巴结83枚(肺癌转移淋巴结20枚,阴性淋巴结63枚).所有患者术前于对比剂注射后30s行双能CT扫描,测量各患者纵隔淋巴结及主动脉的碘浓度,同时测量纵隔淋巴结短径。淋巴结碘浓度测量结果由主动脉相应数值进行标准化,计算纵隔淋巴结碘浓度的ROC曲线,得到鉴别纵隔淋巴结转移的最佳NIC,对纵隔淋巴结短径及碘浓度与纵隔淋巴结病理结果进行相关性分析。结果:纵隔淋巴结短径及标准化后的碘浓度淋巴结转移组与阴性组差异均有显著性意义(P值均<0.05)。鉴别纵隔淋巴结转移的最佳NIC浓度为0.13352mg/dL,诊断敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及符合率分别为75.0%、73.0%、46.9%、90.2%和73.5%。而以纵隔淋巴结短径大于1cm为标准诊断纵隔淋巴结转移的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及符合率分别为50.0%、85.9%、83.3%、85.9%和85.5%。结合两种诊断标准,通过平行试验可将敏感度提高到87.5%;而通过序列试验则使诊断的特异度达96.2%。结论:双能CT检测有助于非小细胞性肺癌淋巴结的分期及鉴别诊断;通过淋巴结短径与淋巴结碘浓度两种方法的结合,可极大提高对纵隔淋巴结诊断的准确性。     

11C-胆碱PET/CT显像在肺癌中的应用价值及其机理的研究

目的探讨11 C-胆碱PET/CT显像在肺癌中的应用价值及胆碱代谢机理。方法目测法和半定量法分析38例可疑肺癌患者PET/CT显像结果;RT-PCR和Western blot方法进行分子生物学检测。结果手术病理证实29例为肺癌,3例为良性病变。6例因发生远处转移未行手术。肺癌原发病灶、纵隔及肺门淋巴结转移及远处转移灶均显示放射性摄取明显增高。目测法及半定量分析法均显示良、恶性病变无显著性差异。鳞癌、腺癌、不典型类癌的11 C-胆碱摄取值相比也不具有显著性差异。12例肺癌组织细胞中,9例Chok mRNA及蛋白质的表达比正常肺组织升高,5例ChATmRNA及蛋白质表达升高,其中5例Chok及ChAT表达均升高。结论 11 C-胆碱PET/CT显像能够发现肺癌原发病灶、纵隔及肺门淋巴结转移及远处转移灶,有助于准确临床分期;但不能有效鉴别肺部病灶的良恶性。肺癌组织细胞中不仅有磷酸化途径的增强,而且存在乙酰化途径。     

Usefulness of PET with 11C-methionine for the detection of hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastasis in lung cancer.

We retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of PET with 11C-methionine (methionine PET) for the diagnosis of lymph node metastases in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: Methionine PET and CT were performed before surgical intervention in 41 patients with primary lung cancer. We evaluated individual lymph nodes by methionine PET along with corresponding CT images. The 11C-methionine accumulation of lymph nodes was assessed semiquantitatively by analysis of the tumor-to-muscle ratio (TMR) and was compared with CT and histological diagnoses. RESULTS: A total of 126 lymph nodes, 36 of which were histologically diagnosed as metastatic, were assessed by CT and methionine PET. The TMR in metastatic lymph nodes (n = 36) was 5.15+/-1.69, whereas that of nonmetastatic lymph nodes (n = 90) was 2.91+/-0.76; this difference was significant (P < 0.0001). The most adequate TMR cutoff value for diagnosis of metastasis based on the results of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was 4.1. The positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of methionine PET were 79.5%, 94.3%, 86.1%, 91.1%, and 89.7%, respectively, and were superior to those of CT (57.6%, P = 0.04; 81.7%, P = 0.008; 52.8%, P = 0.002; 84.4%, NS; and 75.4%, P = 0.002, respectively). All positive nodes that were shown to be true-positive by CT, and 12 of 17 false-negatives on CT were correctly diagnosed by PET. Ten of 14 lymph nodes that were false-positive on CT were also correctly diagnosed by PET. CONCLUSION: Methionine PET appears to be superior to CT for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in lung cancer patients. The high negative predictive value of methionine PET suggests that cases in which lymph nodes are enlarged on CT with negative PET analysis may be diagnosed as negative for metastasis.     

Characteristics of Metastatic Mediastinal Lymph Nodes of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer on Preoperative F-18 FDG PET/CT

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of PET and CT features of mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes on F-18 FDG PET/CT and to determine the diagnostic criteria in nodal staging of non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods

One hundred four non-small cell lung cancer patients who had preoperative F-18 FDG PET/CT were included. For quantitative analysis, the maximum SUV of the primary tumor, maximum SUV of the lymph nodes (SUVmax), size of the lymph nodes, and average Hounsfield units (aHUs) and maximum Hounsfield units (mHUs) of the lymph nodes were measured. The SUVmax, SUV ratio of the lymph node to blood pool (LN SUV/blood pool SUV), SUV ratio of the lymph node to primary tumor (LN SUV/primary tumor SUV), size, aHU, and mHU were compared between the benign and malignant lymph nodes.

Results

Among 372 dissected lymph node stations that were pathologically diagnosed after surgery, 49 node stations were malignant and 323 node stations benign. SUVmax, LN SUV/blood pool SUV, and size were significantly different between the malignant and benign lymph node stations (P < 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference in LN SUV/primary tumor SUV (P = 0.18), mHU (P = 0.42), and aHU (P = 0.98). Using receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses, there was no significant difference among these three variables (SUVmax, LN SUV/blood pool SUV, and size). The optimal cutoff values were 2.9 for SUVmax, 1.4 for LN SUV/blood pool SUV, and 5 mm for size. When the cutoff value of SUVmax ≥2.9 and size ≥5 mm were used in combination, the positive predictive value was 44.2 %, and the negative predictive value was 90.9 %. When we evaluated the results based on the histology of the primary tumor, the negative predictive value was 92.3 % in adenocarcinoma (cutoff values of SUVmax ≥2.3 and size ≥5 mm) and 97.2 % in squamous cell carcinoma (cutoff values of SUVmax ≥3.6 and size ≥8 mm), separately.

Conclusions

In the lymph node staging of non-small cell lung cancer, SUVmax, LN SUV/blood pool SUV, and size show statistically significant differences between malignant and benign lymph nodes. These variables can be used to differentiate malignant from benign lymph nodes. The combination of the SUVmax and size of lymph node might have a good negative predictive value.     

Usefulness of 201Tl SPECT in the predication of mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis in patients with non small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)

Predictivity of mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis of 201Tl SPECT were examined before operation in 113 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (69 adenocarcinoma, 31 squamous cell carcinoma, 10 large cell carcinoma, 2 bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, 1 neuroendocrine cell carcinoma). Patients were classified into two groups, with or without lymph nodes metastasis according to the pathological diagnosis. We calculated parameters of 201Tl SPECT early ratio, delayed ratio, retention index (RI) and maximal diameters. In addition, we calculated optimal cut-off value of RI to estimate the mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis. Mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis was confirmed pathologically in 62 patients. ER and DR did not show any statistical significance between two groups. Maximal diameters of primary tumor were also comparable between two groups. RI was significantly higher in mediastinal lymph node metastasis positive group compared to that in mediastinal lymph node metastasis negative group. The sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy (Acc) of 201Tl SPECT were 82.2%, 82.3%, 85.0%, 79.2% and 82.3%. These parameters were similar of higher than 72.6%, 82.4%, 83.3%, 71.2% and 77.0% of chest CT. The RI of 201Tl SPECT was useful tool for predicting lymph nodes metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. The optimum cut-off value of RI in the prediction of mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis was 35%. We should take into account of upstaging in cases with higher RI (>35%).     

The usefulness of FDG positron emission tomography for the detection of mediastinal lymph node metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a comparative study with X-ray computed tomography

We evaluated the usefulness of fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) in the detection of mediastinal lymph node metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and then compared the findings with the results of X-ray CT by region based on the histological diagnoses. We examined 29 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. One hundred and thirty-two mediastinal lymph nodes were surgically removed and the histological diagnoses were confirmed. FDG PET images, including 146 mediastinal regions, were visually analysed and the mediastinal lymph nodes were scored as positive when the FDG uptake was higher than that in the other mediastinal structures. On the X-ray CT scans, any mediastinal lymph nodes with a diameter of 10 mm or larger were scored as positive. All three examinations were successfully performed on 71 regions. For FDG PET, we found a sensitivity of 76%, a specificity of 98% and an accuracy of 93%. On the other hand, for X-ray CT a sensitivity of 65%, a specificity of 87% and an accuracy of 82% were observed. A significant difference was observed in respect of both specificity and accuracy (P<0.05). Based on the above findings, FDG PET is suggested to be superior to X-ray CT when used for the detection of mediastinal lymph node metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.     

Value of FDG PET in papillary thyroid carcinoma with negative 131I whole-body scan.

The management of metastatic thyroid carcinoma patients with a negative 131I scan presents considerable problems. Fifty-four athyrotic papillary thyroid carcinoma patients whose 1311 whole-body scans were negative underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET; the purpose was to determine whether this procedure could localize metastatic sites. We also assessed its usefulness in the management of these patients. METHODS: Whole-body emission scan was performed 60 min after the injection of 370-555 MBq 18F-FDG, and additional regional attenuation-corrected scans were obtained. Metastasis was pathologically confirmed in 12 patients and was confirmed in other patients by overall clinical evaluation of the findings of other imaging studies and of the subsequent clinical course. RESULTS: In 33 patients, tumor had metastasized, whereas 21 patients were in remission. FDG PET revealed metastases in 31 patients (sensitivity 93.9%), whereas thyroglobulin levels were elevated in 18 patients (sensitivity 54.5%). FDG PET was positive in 14 of 15 metastatic cancer patients with normal thyroglobulin levels. In 20 of 21 patients in remission, FDG PET was negative (specificity 95.2%), whereas thyroglobulin levels were normal in 16 patients (specificity 76.1%). The sensitivity and specificity of FDG PET were significantly higher than those of serum thyroglobulin. In patients with negative 1311 scans, FDG PET detected cervical lymph node metastasis in 87.9%, lung metastasis in 27.3%, mediastinal metastasis in 33.3% and bone metastasis in 9.1%. In contrast, among 117 patients with 131I scan-positive functional metastases, 131I scan detected cervical lymph node metastasis in 61.5%, lung metastasis in 56.4%, mediastinal metastasis in 22.2% and bone metastasis in 16.2%. In all 5 patients in whom thyroglobulin was false-negative with negative antithyroglobulin antibody, PET showed increased 18F-FDG uptake in cervical lymph nodes, mediastinal lymph nodes, or both. Among patients with increased 18F-FDG uptake only in the cervical lymph nodes, the nodes were dissected in 11. Metastasis was confirmed in all, even in normal-sized lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: FDG PET scan localized metastatic sites in 131I scan-negative thyroid carcinoma patients with high accuracy. In particular, it was superior to 131I whole-body scan and serum thyroglobulin measurement for detecting metastases to cervical lymph nodes. FDG PET was helpful for determining the surgical management of these patients.     

术前^18F-FDG PET/CT显像对非小细胞肺癌患者中远期预后的预测价值

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)根治性切除术术前^18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG) PET/CT显像对患者中远期预后的预测价值.方法 回顾性分析2010年4月至2016年8月间北京医院收治的70例行根治性手术且术前1个月内行^18F-FDG PET/CT显像的初诊NSCLC患者资料,其中男35例,女35例,中位年龄64岁.分析患者肺癌原发灶及纵隔或肺门淋巴结的PET/CT影像学征象[原发灶大小及最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)、纵隔或肺门高代谢淋巴结(HML) SUVmax及分布类型]并随访.研究终点为总生存(OS)期和无进展生存(PFS)期.采用Kaplan-Meier法、log-rank检验和Cox比例风险回归模型分析探讨患者生存的预后因素.结果 随访0.9~8.2年.70例患者中,31.4% (22/70)进展,24.3%(17/70)死亡.对于OS期,术前NSCLC原发灶SUVmax≥10与<10者(4.6和7.6年)、原发灶大小>3 cm与≤3 cm者(4.8和7.4年)、纵隔或肺门HML分布于肺癌同侧与位于双侧或无HML者(4.4和7.4年)、纵隔或肺门HML SUVmax≥5.0与<5.0者(3.8和7.3年)的差异均有统计学意义(x^2值:10.135~ 15.238,均P<0.01);上述组别患者PFS期(3.9和6.7年、3.8和6.6年、3.8和6.4年、3.3和6.3年)的差异亦有统计学意义(x^2值:8.410~ 14.600,均P<0.01).Cox多因素分析显示,原发灶大小和SUVmax是预测NSCLC术后OS期及PFS期的独立危险因素(均P<0.01),纵隔或肺门HML分布类型对预测NSCLC的OS期有边际意义(P=0.051).结论 NSCLC根治术术前^18F-FDG PET/CT显像中的原发灶大小和SUVmax对NSCLC术后生存期有重要的预测价值;纵隔或肺门HML分布类型对术后NSCLC的预后可能有预测价值.     

低剂量CT灌注联合影像组学评估非小细胞肺癌的纵隔淋巴转移

目的:探究基于低放射剂量CT灌注影像提取CT灌注参数以及影像组学参数联合评估非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)纵隔淋巴转移的效能.方法:纳入2017年3月-2020年5月经病理证实为纵隔淋巴转移的NSCLC患者以及非纵隔淋巴转移的NSCLC患者,所有患者于术前行低剂量CT灌注扫描.术中系统性清扫患者N1及N2站淋巴结,并取肿瘤...     

Staging of lymph nodes with FDG dual-headed PET in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer

Accurate assessment of mediastinal lymph node involvement in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is necessary to select patients for direct surgical treatment. The aims of the present study were to assess the feasibility of staging NSCLC with FDG using a dual-headed positron emission tomographic (PET) camera and to compare this non-invasive technique with computed tomography (CT) and lymph node sampling, since both modalities are currently used for staging NSCLC. Thirty-three patients (29 men and 4 women, mean age 60 years) with newly diagnosed NSCLC were studied. In all patients, CT, FDG dual-headed PET and mediastinoscopy were performed within 4 weeks. The results of mediastinoscopy were used to select patients for thoracotomy. For both the assessment of individual lymph node involvement and the patient-based classification, the results of FDG dual-headed PET and CT were compared using the McNemar test. Thirty-one of 187 lymph nodes studied contained tumour metastases. FDG dual-headed PET showed a significantly higher sensitivity (P < 0.001) and specificity (P < 0.001) than CT. FDG dual-headed PET and CT correctly staged 27 and 20 patients, respectively. Due to the significantly higher negative predictive value of FDG dual-headed PET versus CT (P = 0.012), it was a better non-invasive diagnostic tool for selecting patients for surgery. In seven of eight patients, additional intrapulmonary sites of increased uptake were found, which revealed malignancy on histological examination. CT was false-negative in three of these patients. In one patients, increased FDG uptake was caused by an infection. In conclusion, it is possible to stage mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with NSCLC using a dual-headed PET camera. The high negative predictive value of FDG dual-headed PET suggests that mediastinoscopy may be omitted in patients with NSCLC.