12导动态心电图监测与冠状动脉造影价值的对比分析

为评价24h12导联动态心电图(Holter)对冠心病的诊断价值,选择198例可疑冠心病患者进行24hHolter监测记录心肌缺血及室性心律失常心电图改变,并与选择性冠状动脉造影结果进行对比分析。结果:12导Holter诊断冠心病的灵敏度、特异度分别为62.4%、79.0%;12导联Holter诊断冠状动脉单、双及三支血管病变的灵敏度分别为56.9%、60.0%、91.7%。有无冠状动脉病变者室性早搏检出率和冠状动脉造影单、双及三支病变室性早搏检出率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:12导联Holter监测心肌缺血的敏感性及准确性较高,有一定的临床应用价值。     

12导联动态心电图对老年冠心病患者的诊断价值

目的　评价 12导联动态心电图对老年冠心病的诊断价值。方法　选择 10 0例临床疑为冠心病的老年患者 ,将12导联动态心电图检测心肌缺血的结果与冠状动脉造影结果进行对比分析。结果　 12导联动态心电图诊断冠心病的敏感性为 6 3.8% ,特异性为 79.2 % ,阳性预测值为 73.2 % ,阴性预测值为 71.2 % ,准确性为 72 %。 12导联动态心电图对于 3支及左主干病变敏感性高达 10 0 % ,而对于前降支、回旋支或右冠状动脉病变敏感性没有区别。结论　 12导联动态心电图在诊断老年冠心病方面敏感性及特异性不高 ,但对左主干及 3支病变的敏感性很高 ,有一定的临床应用价值     

12导联动态心电图对冠心病的诊断价值

目的　评价 12导联动态心电图 (12导联Holter)对冠心病 (CHD)的诊断价值。方法　选择 74例行冠状动脉造影 (CAG)检查的患者 ,同期内 (间隔 <1周 )接受 12导联Holter检查 ,将 12导联Holter检查的结果与CAG检查的结果进行对比分析。结果　 74例患者中经CAG证实的CHD为 4 7例 ,在 4 7例CHD患者中 ,12导联Holter检出CHD4 0例 ,12导联Holter诊断冠心病的敏感性 85 1% ,特异性 81 5 % ,精确度 83 8% ;且随着冠状动脉病变支数增多 ,12导联Holter检出CHD的阳性率增高。结论　 12导联动态心电图是目前较理想的诊断冠心病的非创伤性检查方法。     

急性前壁心肌梗死时下壁导联ST段压低的临床意义

目的 :探讨急性前壁心肌梗死合并下壁导联 ST段压低的临床意义。方法 :回顾性分析2 2例首发急性前壁心肌梗死患者的心电图、冠状动脉及左室造影资料。结果 :急性前壁心肌梗死时下壁导联 ( 、 、a VF) ST段下移≥ 0 .0 5 m V组与 <0 .0 5 m V组的 、a VL导联 ST80 值有显著性差异 ( P <0 .0 5 ) ;两组的左前降支 6段 ( LAD6 )或 LAD始部病变的发生率也有显著性差异 ( P <0 .0 5 ) ;下壁导联 ST段压低≥ 0 .0 5 m V对 L AD6 或 LAD始部病变预测价值的敏感性及特异性分别是 : 导联 5 9%、5 0 % ; 导联 83%、70 % ;a VF导联 83%、70 %。结论 :急性前壁心肌梗死时下壁导联ST段压低预示 LAD6 或 L AD始部病变是高前侧壁发生透壁性心肌缺血的“镜像”反应 ,表现为 、a VL导联 ST段抬高 ;它与右冠状动脉、左旋支、多支病变以及胸前导联 ST段抬高程度无关     

12导联同步动态心电图诊断冠心病心肌缺血的临床研究

目的 评价12导联同步动态心电图诊断冠心病心肌缺血的临床价值. 方法 根据ST段改变情况将170例冠状动脉造影结果可疑患者分为缺血性ST段改变组(观察组,105例)和无缺血性ST段改变组(对照组,65例),分析ST段改变与冠状动脉造影结果的关系. 结果 (1)观察组患者冠状动脉造影阳性率81.91%,对照组24.62%,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);(2)12导联同步动态心电图诊断心肌缺血的敏感性和特异性分别为84.31%和72.06%,精确度79.41%;(3)12导联同步动态心电图诊断多支病变的敏感性高于单支病变,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 同步12导联动态心电图对诊断冠心病心肌缺血的敏感性、特异性与精确度较高.可作为诊断心肌缺血的无创性检查方法.     

12导联动态心电图诊断冠心病下壁心肌缺血的临床价值

目的探讨12导联动态心电图(Holter)对冠心病患者下壁心肌缺血的诊断价值.     

12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验检查诊断心肌缺血性冠心病的对比研究

目的对比分析12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验检查诊断心肌缺血性冠心病的临床价值。方法选取2014年6月—2016年6月盐城市第三人民医院收治的疑似冠心病病人112例,对所有病人进行平板运动试验、12导联动态心电图检查和冠状动脉造影,将冠状动脉造影结果作为金标准,对比采用单独平板运动试验检查、单独12导联动态心动图检查及平板运动试验联合12导联动态心动图检查3种方法对冠心病诊断的特异性、敏感性。再按照冠状动脉造影检查结果,将冠心病病人分为单支病变组和多支病变组,比较两种单独诊断方法对单支病变冠状动脉和多支病变冠状动脉的检出率。结果平板运动试验联合12导联动态心动图检查诊断心肌缺血性冠心病的敏感性与单独平板运动试验检查、单独12导联动态心动图检查相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);平板运动试验联合12导联动态心动图检查诊断心肌缺血性冠心病的特异性高于单独平板运动试验检查、单独12导联动态心动图检查,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05);平板运动试验诊断冠心病,多支病变检出率高于单支病变,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05);12导联动态心动图诊断冠心病,多支病变检出率高于单支病变,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论平板运动试验联合12导联动态心动图检查诊断心肌缺血性冠心病的特异性显著优于单独诊断方法,而平板运动试验和12导联动态心动图诊断心肌缺血性冠心病的检出率伴随冠状动脉病变支数的增多而提高。     

动态心电图对冠心病的诊断价值

目的比较Holter和普通心电图对于冠心病的诊断价值。方法随机选择300例冠心病病人,分别做12导联Holter(动态心电图)和普通12导联心电图,统计两组发生各种心律失常类型的人数,以及心肌缺血阳性的人数(包括有症状缺血与无症状缺血的人数),并统计分析Holter组和ECG组间的差异。结果 1心律失常特征:普通心电图组阳性187例,阴性113例,阳性率62.3%,Holter组阳性256例,阴性44例,阳性率85.3%,尤其二联律、三联律、成对的房性早搏和室性早搏、短阵室上速阳性率明显增加,差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。Holter组整体上心律失常的阳性率明显高于心电图组,差异有统计学意义(p0.05);2心肌缺血:ECG组心肌缺血阳性166例,阴性134例,阳性率52.3%,无症状缺血20例,阳性率6.7%。Holter组心肌缺血阳性248例,阴性52例,阳性率80.2%,无症状缺血215例,阳性率71.7%。Holter组对心肌缺血,尤其无症状缺血的阳性率,要显著高于普通心电图组,差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。结论 Holter对冠心病心律失常和心肌缺血的诊断阳性率明显高于普通心电图,故Holter对冠心病有较高的诊断价值。     

运动试验及动态心电图诊断冠心病的价值

目的通过与冠状动脉造影结果的对比,评估平板运动试验,24h动态心电图(12导联)对冠心病的诊断价值。方法对81例临床拟诊为冠心病患者同时行运动心电图和24h动态心电图,以冠状动脉造影为标准进行分析对比。结果①平板运动试验对冠心病诊断的敏感性72.1%,特异性80.0%,12导联动态心电图对冠心病诊断的敏感性63.9%,特异性75.0%。平板运动试验与12导联动态心电图对冠心病诊断的敏感性和特异性略有差异,差异无统计学意义(p>0.05);②平板运动试验和12导联动态心电图对冠脉不同支数病变阳性检出率的对比,差异无统计学意义(p>0.05);③平板运动试验和12导联动态心电图对冠脉双支及多支病变的阳性检出率明显高于单支病变,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论平板运动试验和动态心电图是目前最简便实用和安全可靠的无创性诊断冠心病的方法,尤其对冠脉双支及多支病变的阳性检出率高,两者结合起来可提高冠心病诊断的准确性。     

碎裂QRS波在冠心病患者中的临床意义

目的 探讨心电图碎裂QRS波(fQRS)在冠心病诊断中的临床意义.方法 选择性冠状动脉造影(CAG)诊断为冠心病的患者118例(冠心病组),同期CAG阴性患者118例(对照组),比较两组心电图fQRS波的发生率及fQRS波在心电图相对应心肌前壁、侧壁和下壁的分布情况.冠心病组患者根据冠状动脉病变情况,分为单支病变、双支病变、三支病变,比较fQRS波在不同病变中分布情况.结果 冠心病组fQRS波发生率为65.25%(77/118),显著高于对照组34.75%(31/118)(P<0.01).冠心病组下壁导联fQRS波发生率为42.37%(50/118),显著高于前壁9.32%(11/118)和侧壁13.56%(16/118),而前壁与侧壁导联fQRS波发生率无差异;fQRS与无fQRS在冠脉病变范围分布是有差异的,fQRS在多支病变比率高于无fQRS.结论 心电图fQRS波对冠心病诊断有预测价值,尤其是Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联fQRS波提示冠心病可能性大.心电图上fQRS的出现与冠脉病变范围及程度有一定的关系,可作为预测冠脉病变程度的指标,对于多支病变有一定的预测价值.     

12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验诊断冠心病心肌缺血的比较

目的探讨12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验诊断冠心病心肌缺血的诊断价值。方法对66例临床疑诊冠心病的患者行12导联动态心电图和平板运动试验检查,比较二者对心肌缺血阳性检出率。另外选择12导联动态心电图后行冠状动脉造影者53例,平板运动试验后行冠造者43例作为对照,应用诊断试验的评价方法分别计算二者诊断冠心病心肌缺血的敏感度、特异度、阳性预告值等,并对二者进行比较。结果12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验心肌缺血阳性检出率无显著性差异(p>0.05)。12导联动态心电图诊断冠心病心肌缺血的敏感度72%,特异度57%,假阳性率43%,假阴性率28%,诊断符合率66%,阳性预告值72%;平板运动试验诊断冠心病心肌缺血的敏感度68%,特异度62%,假阳性率38%,假阴性率32%,诊断符合率65%,阳性预测值59%,两种方法相比无统计学意义(p>0.05)。结论12导联动态心电图与平板运动试验均可做为非侵入性诊断冠心病的方法。     

Holter recording during treadmill testing in assessing myocardial ischemic changes

One hundred forty-four patients underwent a Bruce protocol treadmill exercise test during which an electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded simultaneously with a 2-channel Holter recorder with bipolar V3- and V5-like leads and by a conventional 12-lead system. Sixty-eight patients had no ST depression on either the Holter or on the 12-lead ECG during the exercise test, whereas in 70 patients ischemic changes were recorded by both methods; thus, in 138 of the 144 patients (96%), the results of the 2 tests were concordant. The severity of ST depression, as judged by the heart rate at which ischemic changes were first noted and the maximal ST depression observed, were similar on both recording systems. The Holter system identified 6 of the 7 patients whose ischemic changes were confined to the inferior wall on the 12-lead ECG. The addition of the V3 lead as a second ischemic lead increased the ischemia detection by 10%. Ninety-five patients also underwent coronary arteriography. In these patients the sensitivity of the Holter system during exercise in detecting significant coronary artery disease was 81% and that of 12-lead ECG was 84%, the specificity was 85% and 85%, respectively, and the positive predictive value 91% and 91%, respectively. Thus, the 2-channel Holter recording system with bipolar V3- and V5-like leads was as accurate as the 12-lead system in detecting ischemic changes during exercise and proved that ambulatory monitoring system can reliably reproduce ST segment.     

12导联同步动态心电图在冠心病心肌缺血诊断中的应用

目的探讨12导联同步动态心电图（DCG）在冠心病心肌缺血诊断中的价值,进一步推广在基层医院中的应用。方法选取本院就诊中疑诊为冠心病的250例作为研究对象,同时行12导联和3导联同步DCG24h监测,收集相关信息,进行统计学分析。结果 12导联同步DCG对心肌缺血诊断的阳性率明显高于3导联者,两者之间有显著差异（P〈0.05）;12导联同步DCG对下壁、侧壁心肌缺血的诊断优于3导联同步记录。结论 12导联描记在冠心病心肌缺血诊断上明显优于3导联记录,可以减少冠心病的漏诊率。     

Holter monitor recording for the detection of myocardial ischemia: validation of a new recorder and chest lead positions.

OBJECTIVE: To validate the Reynolds Tracker II Holter system using newly described lead positions during both upright treadmill exercise and in the recumbent position following exercise. The specific lead positions HL1 and HL2 were chosen to detect anterior and postero-inferior myocardial ischemia, respectively, without interfering with the surgical field in the hypothetical situation of open-heart surgery. Similar lead positions have previously been used to monitor myocardial ischemia during induction of anesthesia, but have never been validated by comparison with 12-lead modified electrocardiogram (ECG) recording. METHODS: To validate the authors' 'chosen' Holter lead positions (HL1 and HL2), both at the fifth intercostal space just lateral to the midclavicular line and on the back, 1.5 cm to the left of the vertebral column, respectively) 49 candidates for routine treadmill exercise testing underwent a simultaneous Holter monitor recording using the described lead positions. DATA ANALYSIS: The Holter ECG recordings were separately analyzed by two physicians unaware of patients' identity. RESULTS: Using the modified 12-lead ECG as the 'gold standard', the sensitivity of Holter for detecting ischemia (defined as 0.1 mV or ST depression lasting at least 60 s) was 77 and 83%, and its specificity was 100 and 92%, respectively, for observers 1 and 2. Most episodes of myocardial ischemia were detected by the modified lead V5 for the 12-lead ECG and by HL1 for the Holter recording. Using the Holter Tracker II system and the chosen lead positions, it was possible to detect successfully most episodes of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. CONCLUSION: Holter monitoring might be useful in detecting perioperative myocardial ischemia.     

Continuous electrocardiographic monitoring in patients with unstable angina pectoris: evaluation of medical treatment

Sixteen patients under treatment for unstable angina (UA) were subjected to 24-hour Holter monitoring after having been asymptomatic for at least 12 hours. 12-lead ECGs were obtained every 4 hours and when anginal pain supervened. Six patients (37.50%) had no evidence of ischemia in the Holter recordings and in the 12.lead ECGs and reported no anginal pain; five (31.25%) reported no pain but had evidence of ischemia in the Holter recordings and five (31.25%) reported anginal pain and had evidence of ischemia both in the Holter recordings and in the 12-lead ECGs. The probability for a 12-lead ECG to record an episode of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) was only 1.54 x 10(-5). Medical treatment using conventional criteria was successful in 11 patients (68.75%). If the results of Holter monitoring are considered, the success rate was 37.50% (6 out of 16 patients free from ischemia). We conclude that as Holter monitoring reveals the episodes of SMI, it is a better means for assessing the results of medical treatment.     

Correlation of coronary artery stenosis site with anterior or inferior projection of ST changes induced by treadmill exercise using a newly devised 9-lead Holter method.

A 9-lead Holter monitor using the lead-switching technique (9-lead DCG) and conventional 12-lead electrocardiograph (12-lead ECG) were simultaneously used for recording during treadmill exercise testing (Td-test) in 140 patients with coronary artery disease. Coronary arteriography was performed in 118 of the 140 patients, and the correlation between coronary stenosis and anterior or inferior projection of ST depressions occurring during the Td-test was investigated. Additionally, 10 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were studied to test ST elevation detection by the 9-lead DCG. The CM5 lead demonstrated ST depressions in 92 of the 109 patients showing ST depressions in one or more leads. High lateral (HL) and/or low lateral leads detected all ST depressions occurring in the I and aVL leads of the 12-lead ECG. Leads CM1, CM2 and CM3 exhibited low sensitivity (0-32%) and high specificity (56-100%), while leads CM4, CM5, and CM6 provided greater sensitivity (66-95%), but less specificity (3-32%) in detecting diseases of the left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery and/or right coronary artery (RCA). In contrast, the low back (LB) lead demonstrated high sensitivity (88%) and high specificity (86%) in detecting RCA disease. Lead CM3 detected ST elevations in all 6 patients with anterior AMI, while the LB lead did so in all 4 patients with inferior AMI. With a Holter monitor, 4 leads are needed: CM5 like, CM3 like, lateral (such as HL) and inferior (such as LB). The LB lead is useful in detecting inferior ischemia.     

动态心电图监测老年冠心病无症状心肌缺血的意义

目的:探讨24小时动态心电图(Holter)对老年冠心病患者无症状心肌缺血(SMI)的检出情况。方法:回顾分析我院门诊及住院336例老年冠心病患者的临床情况和Holter资料。结果:(1)常规心电图检出心肌缺血106例(31.55％),Holter检出心肌缺血220例(65.48％);SMI发生率为69.09％,有症状心肌缺血发生率为30.91％;(2)SMI发作有明显生物节律,以清晨6-12时发作频率最高;(3)SMI发作时心率减慢的比例明显低于有症状心肌缺血的(P<0.005);(4)SMI的心律失常检出率为93.4％。结论:Holter可早期发现老年人的无症状心肌缺血,有重要价值。     

Preoperative silent myocardial ischemia. Has it prognostic significance?

We studied the prognostic significance of preoperative silent myocardial ischemia in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Nonfatal and fatal perioperative myocardial infarction were regarded as prognostically important endpoints. Ninety-five patients (9 women) with stable-effort angina pectoris were studied during their hospital stay in the surgery ward before CABG. Silent ischemia was detected using Holter monitoring; all patients had Holter monitoring 76 +/- 9 h before surgery using Marguette Laser Holter and Cardiodata Prodigy systems. Two-channel electrocardiographic recordings were used which included CM5 and a modified inferior lead. Effort was taken to avoid leads with pathological Q waves and resting ST segment abnormalities. The mean duration of the monitoring was 27.9 +/- 11.3 h. Three patients (3.2%) had angina pectoris during these observations, 1 of them with significant ST depression. Silent ST depression was found in 12 patients (12.6%). Twelve patients (12.6%) had perioperative myocardial infarction. Perioperative myocardial infarction was more common in patients with silent ischemia: 4/12 vs. 8/83; chi 2 = 4.48955, p = 0.0341. Our results suggest that Holter monitoring identifies a group of patients with a higher probability of perioperative myocardial infarction. In the future, it may be possible to study different methods to prevent this surgical complication.     

Comparison of ST depression recorded by Holter monitors and 12-lead ECGs during coronary angiography and exercise testing

Data from previous studies are debatable regarding whether Holter monitors are a reliable electrocardiographic indicator of ischemia, for which the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is the standard. Simultaneous 12-lead and Holter ECGs were performed on 30 patients with typical angina pectoris during coronary angiography or exercise testing. ST depression recorded by both methods was directly compared, using the 12-lead ECG as the reference. The Holter tapes were also scanned by two automated ST analysis programs and the results were compared to 12-lead ECGs. Only 66 of the 178 12-lead ECG ST depression events were also present on the Holter recordings (37.1% Holter sensitivity). ST depression was underestimated by the Holter recordings compared to the 12-lead ECGs (p < 0.0001). The majority (67.0%) of ST depression events identified by one computer program were false positive events. The degree of ST depression was overestimated compared to 12-lead ECGs by the second program (p = 0.0033). Holter-detected ST depression may not be a reliable ECG indicator of myocardial ischemia.     

12导联动态心电图ST段压低诊断冠心病的价值

目的探讨24h12导联动态心电图ST段压低诊断冠心病的临床意义。方法将163例12导联动态心电图检查有缺血性ST段压低伴或不伴典型胸痛患者分为两组（A组ST段压低伴典型胸痛者88例，B组ST段压低不伴典型胸痛或无症状者75例），并与冠状动脉造影进行对比分析。结果A组88例冠状动脉造影明显狭窄79例，其中单支病变44例，双支病变25例，3支病变10例，而B组75例冠状动脉造影明显狭窄15例。以冠状动脉造影阳性为标准，A组对冠心病的诊断阳性率为89．77％，特异性为80．00％，准确度为85．28％。而B组阳性率仅为20．00％，两组阳性率差异有非常显著性意义（χ^2=80．75，P〈0．01）。结论12导联动态心电图检查缺血性ST段压低伴有典型胸痛，诊断冠心病的价值要优于仅有ST段改变者，前者阳性率和准确度较高，具有重要的临床应用价值。