首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
目的 研究甲磺酸多沙唑嗪(Dox)缓释片在Beagle犬体内的药动学,评价其生物等效性。方法 8条健康Beagle犬,采用双周期、双交叉、单剂量分别ig Dox缓释片受试制剂或参比制剂4 mg;建立血浆中Dox液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS/MS)检测方法,进行方法精密度、准确度、回收率、基质效应、稳定性方法学验证;测定给药前(0 h)及给药后2、3、4、5、6、8、10、12、14、16、24、36、48、72 h血浆中Dox经时血药浓度,运用DAS3.2.8计算其药动学参数,并评价其生物等效性。结果 LC-MS/MS方法学经验证符合检测要求。主要药动学参数如下:受试制剂与参比制剂的Cmax分别为(29.998 ±3.725)、(31.207 ±5.586) ng/mL,Tmax分别为(11.5 ±2.33)、(11.25 ±1.035) h,AUC0-t分别为(528.549 ±84.526)、(539.852±94.232) ng· h/mL;受试制剂AUC0-t、AUC0-∞Cmax的90%置信区间分别为参比制剂相应参数的84.6%~113.9%、88.6%~107.5%和90.2%~104%,均在80%~125%范围内。结论 Dox缓释片受试制剂与参比制剂生物等效。  相似文献   

2.
目的 评价中国健康受试者空腹和餐后状态下单次口服盐酸二甲双胍缓释片的生物等效性。方法 采用单剂量、随机、开放、两制剂、两周期、交叉对照的试验设计,健康受试者每周期在空腹或餐后状态下口服盐酸二甲双胍缓释片受试制剂和参比制剂500 mg。采用经验证的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法测定二甲双胍的血浆浓度,使用Phoenix WinNonlin 8.0计算药动学参数并用SAS9.4软件进行生物等效性评价。结果 空腹状态下,受试制剂和参比制剂中二甲双胍Cmax分别为(733.00±178.25)、(665.80±146.58) ng·mL-1,AUC0~t分别为(4 848.60±1 204.80)、(4 743.00±1 104.34) h·ng·mL-1,AUC0 ~ ∞分别为(4 940.70±1 219.48)、(4 832.58±1 093.55) h·ng·mL-1。餐后状态下,受试制剂和参比制剂中二甲双胍Cmax分别为(519.10±92.55)、(475.50±65.88) ng·mL-1,AUC0~t分别为(5 989.20±1 112.01)、(5 946.50±1 094.81) h·ng·mL-1,AUC0 ~ ∞分别为(6 052.20±1 118.35)、(6 049.80±1 062.28) h·ng·mL-1。受试制剂和参比制剂二甲双胍Cmax、AUC0~t和AUC0~∞几何均值比的90%置信区间均在80.00%~125.00%的生物等效性范围内。结论 盐酸二甲双胍缓释片受试制剂和参比制剂在空腹和餐后状态下均具有生物等效性。  相似文献   

3.
目的 建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)荧光法测定血浆中左氧氟沙星的浓度,研究盐酸左氧氟沙星片在健康人体中的生物等效性。方法 采用随机交叉自身对照试验设计,24名健康男性受试者单次口服0.2 g盐酸左氧氟沙星片受试制剂或参比制剂,分别于不同时间点采集肘静脉血,采用HPLC荧光法测定血浆中左氧氟沙星的药物浓度。利用DAS 2.0软件计算药动学参数,评价两制剂的生物等效性。结果 受试制剂与参比制剂的主要药动学参数t 1/2tmaxρmax、AUC0-36和 AUC0-inf分别为(6.71±0.95)h和(6.60±1.00)h;(0.85±0.30)h 和(0.79±0.28)h ;(2 815.48±513.04)ng/ml和(3 185.59±674.29)ng/ml;(17 157.61±1 949.07)ng·h/ml和(17 425.06±2 447.80)ng·h/ml;(18 324.52±2 019.41)ng·h/ml和(18 540.41±2 523.08)ng·h/ml。两制剂主要药动学参数统计学分析无显著性差异。受试制剂与参比制剂 AUC0-36、AUC0-infρmax对数比值的 90%置信区间分别为95.2%~102.5%、96.1%~102.2%和82.8%~94.9%。结论 受试制剂与参比制剂具有生物等效性,为生物等效制剂。  相似文献   

4.
目的 研究非诺贝特双层渗透泵片在犬体内的药动学特征,并评价受试制剂和参比制剂的生物等效性。方法 采用LC-MS测定比格犬体内的血药浓度,采用DAS 2.1.1软件计算药动学参数。结果 受试制剂和参比制剂血浆中非诺贝特酸的Cmax分别为(1 100.0±771.2)、(924.3±564.0)ng/mL,tmax分别为(6.7±8.5)、(2.5±0.5)h,AUC0-t分别为(17 841.1±12 220.7)、(17 615.5±12 870.2)ng·h/mL;t1/2分别为(17.7±8.2)、(16.4±3.3)h,MRT0-t分别为(24.7±4.0)、(24.5±5.2)h,受试制剂中非诺贝特酸的平均相对生物利用度为(104.7±12.4)%。结论 受试制剂非诺贝特渗透泵片和参比制剂非诺贝特缓释胶囊具有生物等效性。  相似文献   

5.
目的 制备左乙拉西坦缓释片,进行体外释放特性以及Beagle犬体内药动学研究。方法 按照筛选处方制备左乙拉西坦缓释片,以市售左乙拉西坦缓释片(Keppra-XR)为参比制剂,采用相似因子(f2)法进行体外释放行为相似度评价;并将自制左乙拉西坦缓释片与市售普通片进行Beagle犬体内药动学参数比较。结果 自制左乙拉西坦缓释片与市售左乙拉西坦缓释片体外释放行为相似。市售左乙拉西坦普通片和自制左乙拉西坦缓释片的药动学参数Tmax分别为(1.75±0.50)和(5.50±1.00)h,Cmax分别为(30.33±2.00)和(17.29±3.56)mg·L-1,AUC0-t分别为(186.88±8.83)和(202.50±34.20)mg·L-1·h。结论 自制的左乙拉西坦缓释片具有缓释效果。  相似文献   

6.
目的 考察在空腹、餐后状态下健康受试者口服瑞戈非尼片受试制剂或参比制剂体内瑞戈非尼的血药浓度和药动学参数,评价瑞戈非尼片的生物等效性和安全性。方法 采用单中心、单剂量、双制剂、随机、开放、双序列、双周期、自身交叉的试验设计,112例受试者分别在空腹(n=64)或餐后(n=48)口服40 mg的瑞戈非尼受试制剂或参比制剂,并在规定的时间点采集血样。以LC-MS/MS法测定血浆中瑞戈非尼的浓度,Phoenix WinNonlin 8.3软件的非房室模型计算各受试者的药动学参数,SAS 9.4软件进行临床安全性统计分析。结果 受试者空腹、餐后单次口服瑞戈非尼受试制剂及参比制剂后,药动学参数Cmax分别是(599±245)、(569±209),(507±152)、(572±161)ng·mL-1;AUC0~t分别是(8 688±2 459)、(8 600±2 584),(12 203±3 973)、(13 495±3 910) h·ng·mL-1; AUC0~∞分别是(9 107±2 692)、(9 078±2 832),(12 834±4 422)、(14 121±4 391)h·ng·mL-1。两制剂主要药动学参数的几何均值比均在等效范围内。空腹、餐后试验组的不良事件发生率分别是39.06%、41.67%,均未发生严重不良事件。结论 瑞戈非尼药时曲线出现二次达峰现象,认为与肝肠循环有关。高脂饮食可提高瑞戈非尼暴露量。受试制剂和参比制剂生物等效,单次服用安全且耐受性良好。  相似文献   

7.
目的 研究中国健康受试者空腹、餐后单次口服依托考昔片的药动学及安全性。方法 将68例健康受试者随机分为空腹组和餐后组,采用双周期交叉试验设计进行给药,LC-MS/MS测定人血浆中依托考昔浓度,用WinNonLin软件计算药动学参数,比较国产依托考昔片和原研参比制剂药动学差异以及不同性别和进食对托考昔片药动学的影响。以受试者生命体征及体格检查、实验室检查值以及心电图变化为指标进行依托考昔片安全性评价。结果 空腹组受试制剂和参比制剂的药动学参数Tmax为1.25,1.25 h,Cmax为(2 767.50±421.89),(2 707.81±674.90) ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞为(52 967.87±13 843.25),(53 479.56±16 066.32) h·ng·mL-1;餐后组受试制剂和参比制剂的药动学参数Tmax为2.50,1.75 h,Cmax为(2 000.61±314.89),(2 209.06±429.05) ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞为(51 450.80±17 241.02),(49 287.23±16 192.87) h·ng·mL-1;餐后组受试制剂和参比制剂Tmax差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但不具有临床意义。受试者空腹、餐后口服依托考昔片后,TmaxCmax差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),但AUC0-∞差异无统计学意义;不同性别受试者空腹口服依托考昔片后,主要药动学参数TmaxCmax、AUC0-∞均无统计学意义,但女性受试者餐后口服依托考昔片后t1/2、AUC0-较男性受试者高(P<0.05)。空腹和餐后给药后不良事件涉及多系统,均为轻度,无严重不良反应。结论 国产依托考昔片和原研参比制剂具有生物等效性;进食影响依托考昔片的吸收速度,但不影响其吸收程度;空腹给药后依托考昔片的药动学参数无性别差异,但餐后给药后t1/2、AUC0-∞存在性别差异。依托考昔片在中国健康受试者中具有良好的安全性和耐受性。  相似文献   

8.
目的 建立测定人血浆中头孢地尼的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)方法,并用于评价头孢地尼颗粒在人体的生物等效性。方法 24名健康男性受试者随机交叉单剂量口服头孢地尼颗粒受试制剂和参比制剂100 mg,采用LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆样本中头孢地尼,WinNonlin 6.3软件计算其药动学参数,并评价两种制剂的生物等效性。结果 血浆中头孢地尼的线性范围为10.0~2000 ng/mL(r=0.9997),定量下限为10.0 ng/mL;批内、批间精密度(RSD)均小于6.0%,准确度(RE)在±4.0%以内;随着放置时间的延长,血浆中头孢地尼在室温条件下降解程度增加。受试制剂和参比制剂的AUC0-t分别为(6238.22±1993.74)、(6331.35±1850.42)ng·h/mL,AUC0-∞分别为(6343.68±2070.73)、(6429.76±1901.33)ng·h/mL,Cmax分别为(1290±391)、(1330±384)ng/mL,tmax分别为2.50(2.00~4.50)、2.50(2.00~3.50)h,t1/2分别为(1.61±0.17)、(1.61±0.17)h。AUC0-t、AUC0-∞Cmax的几何平均数比值(GMR)分别为97.88%、97.95%、96.75%,其90%置信区间分别为91.75%~104.42%、91.76%~104.56%、90.43%~103.52%。结论 该方法快速、灵敏、准确、专属性强、重现性好,适用于人血浆头孢地尼的测定。头孢地尼颗粒受试制剂和参比制剂具有生物等效性。  相似文献   

9.
氟伐他汀钠缓释片的制备及其Beagle犬体内药动学研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的 制备氟伐他汀钠缓释片,进行体外释放特性以及Beagle犬体内药动学研究。方法 以羟丙甲纤维素为缓释材料制备氟伐他汀钠缓释片,测定其体外释放度和Beagle犬口服单剂量及多剂量后的血药浓度,推算药动学参数。结果 制备的氟伐他汀钠缓释片体外释放行为相似,口服单剂量和多剂量药动学参数Cmax分别为(3 304.23±1 043.30)μg·L-1和(3 760.86±754.77)μg·L-1,T1/2分别为(7.37±4.09)h和(6.04±2.63)h,AUC(0-t)分别为(15 052.91±3 878.01)μg·L-1和(15 374.91±2 712.20)μg·h·L-1结论 制备的氟伐他汀钠缓释片具有较明显的缓释效果,多次给药未出现明显的蓄积现象,表现出良好的安全性。  相似文献   

10.
目的:评价盐酸曲美他嗪缓释片在中国健康受试者空腹和餐后条件下单剂量给药时的人体生物等效性。方法:采用随机、开放、单剂量、两序列、两周期交叉的试验设计。空腹组和餐后组分别纳入24 例健康受试者,并随机分为两组,每组12例,口服盐酸曲美他嗪缓释片受试制剂(T)或参比制剂(R) 35 mg,第一组按照TR的给药序列,第二组按照RT的给药序列给药。采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱对血浆中曲美他嗪浓度进行测定。利用Win Nonlin 6.4及以上版本和SAS 9.3版本软件进行药代动力学参数的计算和统计分析,并进行生物等效性评价。结果:空腹口服参比制剂和受试制剂后的主要药代动力学参数如下:Cmax分别为(69.73±12.86)和(74.43±13.45)ng·mL-1;Tmax均为4.5 h;t1/2分别为(6.47±0.51) 和(6.38±0.42)h;AUC0-t分别为(825.74±140.29)和(867.88±126.28)ng·mL-1·h;AUC0-∞分别为(832.57±142.73)和(874.50±127.86)ng·mL-1·h。餐后口服参比制剂和受试制剂后的主要药代动力学参数如下:Cmax分别为(80.05±16.67)和(90.40±17.95)ng·mL-1;Tmax均为4.5 h;t1/2分别为 (6.32±1.02)和(6.17±1.00)h;AUC0-t分别为(824.61±147.04)和(825.27±154.35)ng·mL-1·h; AUC0-∞分别为(831.34±149.00)和(831.43±156.99)ng·mL-1·h。在空腹和餐后状态下,受试制剂和参比制剂主要药代动力学参数几何均值对应的90%置信区间符合等效范围要求(80.00%~125.00%)。结论:受试制剂和参比制剂在空腹和餐后组口服时均具有生物等效性。  相似文献   

11.
12.
13.
We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.  相似文献   

14.
Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.
  相似文献   

15.
16.
17.
This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.  相似文献   

18.
19.
Lung disease and PKCs   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.  相似文献   

20.
In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号