郑州市2012-2015年手足口病流行特征分析

目的分析郑州市2012-2015年手足口病流行特征,为今后制定手足口病防控规划和对策提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法对郑州市2012-2015年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2012-2015年郑州市报告手足口病病例65 364例,年均报告发病率为196.99/10万;男女性别比为1.50∶1;4~7月病例数占发病总数的70.51%;手足口病的人群特征为3岁及以下儿童高发,占发病总数的65.15%;散居儿童、幼托儿童病例数分别占发病总数的77.19%、20.85%。病原学监测结果肠道病毒EV 71型感染占20.74%,Cox A16型感染占46.28%。结论手足口病的高危人群为散居儿童和幼托儿童,应强化开展对社区和托幼机构的手足部防控工作,有效应对聚集性疫情。     

包头市昆区2009年1月至2009年8月手足口病疫情现状分析

目的:了解昆区手足口病病例发生现状,为采取有效防控措施提供科学依据.方法:对2009年1月至2009年8月医疗机构报告的辖区内1 263例(删除重卡后)手足口病病例情况进行统计学分析.结果:发病率为183.043/10万,6～7月份出现发病高峰,占总病例数的72.37 %,有明显的季节性;发病年龄集中在0～6岁,占88.44 %,男性发病率高于女性,发病以群居儿童为主.结论:手足口病防控重点应放在群居儿童和城乡结合部居住人群.     

广西岑溪市2012——2016年手足口病聚集性疫情流行病学和病原学特征分析

目的分析广西岑溪市2012—2016年手足口病聚集性疫情的流行特征,为开展科学有效的防控措施提供依据。方法通过岑溪市疾病控制信息管理系统和国家突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统获取疫情信息,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2012—2016年岑溪市共报告249起手足口病聚集性疫情,报告病例数604例,占同期全市手足口病总病例数的5.91%,平均罹患率19.86%;发病时间主要集中在5~9月份,占86.75%;以家庭聚集性疫情75.50%为主;男女之比为1.33∶1,以1~3岁组人群发病数最多,占57.78%;乡镇手足口病聚集性疫情(85.10%)大于市区(14.90%);以EV71和其他肠道病毒为主,其次是Cox A16。结论岑溪市手足口病聚集性疫情防控工作应聚集5~9月高发时期和3岁以下儿童,同时应做好托幼机构和家庭等重点场所防控监测。     

金昌市2012年手足口病流行病学特征分析

目的：了解金昌市2012年手足口病流行病学特征,为制定手足口病防控措施提供科学依据.方法：采用描述性流行病学方法对金昌市2012年手足口病报告病例进行分析.结果：2012年累积报告手足口病病例177例,报告发病率37.73/10万;以7月和10～12月为多;1～4岁儿童病例数占病例总数的76.84％;男女性别比为2.22∶1;发病职业以托幼儿童和散居儿童为主,占病例总数的91.53％;金川区和永昌县发病率差异有统计学意义（x2=-27.409,P=0.000）.结论：金昌市5岁以下儿童（特别男孩）是手足口病发病的高危人群,应加强此人群的防控工作.     

2008-2012年天祝藏族自治县手足口病流行病学特征分析

目的通过对天祝藏族自治县2008-2012年手足口病的流行病学分析,探讨其流行规律,为制定手足口病防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用描述性统计学方法,将传染病网络直报信息导入Excel2003软件进行统计分析。结果 2008-2012年报告手足口病399例,年平均报告发病率35.27/10万。发病年龄组2、3、4岁组发病最高,占发病总数的48.37%,6岁以下儿童占发病总数的70.93%以幼托和散居儿童为主,分别占34.84%和40.10%;发生聚集性病例22起;6~9月份是发病高峰,占总病例数的55.14%;男性高于女性,男女比为1.8∶1;城镇高于农村。结论天祝县手足口病病例主要集中在6岁以下儿童,属防控的重点;城区所在地的华藏镇发病率最高,托幼机构发生聚集性病例较多;6、9月份为2个发病高峰,有明显的季节性;应加强疾病的防控。     

2009-2013年梅州市平远县手足口病流行病学与病原学特征分析

目的了解平远县2009-2013年手足口病的流行病学和病原学特征,为手足口病的防控提供依据。方法利用《国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统》,对2009-2013年平远县手足口病疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析,实时荧光RTPCR进行病原学检测。结果 2009-2013年平远县共报告手足口病2 349例,年均发病率为180.16/10万,其中重症病例3例,无死亡病例;男性病例1 451例,女性病例898例,男、女病例数之比为1.62∶1;报告病例以6岁儿童为主(93.36%),散居儿童和托幼儿童居多,分别占病例数的81.74%和15.50%;发病季节集中在5-7月(60.46%);石正镇年均发病率最高,为267.08/10万,明显高于全县年均发病率;2010-2013年共检测病例55例,其中21例为肠道病毒阳性(38.18%),2010-2012年以EV71(9/21,42.86%)为主,2013以其他EV(11/21,52.38%)为主。结论平远县2009-2013年手足口病发病有明显的季节性、年龄和地区差异,5岁以下散居和托幼儿童是手足口病防控的重点对象,手足口病病原由EV71为主向多种其他肠道病毒共感染转变,需要继续加强手足口病病原学监测工作。     

2009-2013年重庆市开县手足口病流行病学特征分析

目的了解2009-2013年开县手足口病流行病学特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2009-2013年开县手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果开县2009-2013年共发生手足口病3 753例,年均发病率为61.05/10万,主要集中在4-7月,男女性别比为1.60∶1。5岁以下病例占总报告数的94.33%。实验室诊断病例265例,其中EV71型95例、CoxA16型63例,其他肠道病毒107例。结论开县手足口病发病率较高,应针对高危人群、重点地区以及疾病的发病高峰期进一步加强手足口病监测及防治工作。     

手足口病2030例流行病学特征分析

目的 了解手足口病流行特征,为制订防治策略提供依据.方法 应用描述流行病学方法 对2 030例手足口病患者的发病资料进行分析.结果 2008～2011年共收治2 030例手足口病,2010年有一个发病高峰,其余年度的发病例数均接近;手足口病患者男性多于女性,男∶女=1.54 ∶1;0～5岁儿童占94.9%;常年均有发病,以夏季为发病高峰;高发人群以托幼儿童、散居儿童和学生为主,占98.9%;餐饮、食品业和教师也有少量病例,占0.3%.结论 应加大手足口病防控措施的指导与监督力度,重点预防0～5岁儿童,夏季高峰期更应加强防范.     

2012年开阳县手足口病流行病学分析

目的分析开阳县手足口病流行特征,为制订手足口病预防控制措施提供依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法,对手足口病报告资料按不同地区、时间、人群等进行统计分析。结果开阳县2012年共报告手足口病1086例,其中重症35例,死亡1例。发病率为303．24／10万。发病高峰出现在4—7月,占全年发病数的77．90％,1—3岁年龄组发病较多（851例）,占78．36％;以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主。结论3岁及以下儿童是发病主要人群,加强散居儿童、托幼儿童及人口流动相对集中地区人群疫情防控是手足VI病防控的重点。     

东莞市横沥镇2010年手足口病流行病学分析

目的分析东莞市横沥镇2010年手足口病流行的原因、发病特点、流行规律,为手足口病的防控工作提供参考。方法对2010年我院住院部儿科和门诊部儿科报告的手足口病病例资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2010年我院住院部和门诊部儿科共报告手足口病病例225例,以〈4岁儿童发病最多,占总病例数的86.67%,流动人口儿童占总发病例数的89.36%;全年12个月均有发病,发病高峰在4-7月,发病例数占总发病例数的66.67%;发病以散居儿童为主,占总病例数的80.89%。结论 2010年东莞市横沥镇的手足口病发病强度显著上升,预防和控制工作已成为重要而紧迫的任务。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.