STUDY ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELL(PBMC) PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT HCV ANTIGENS IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS C

为探讨丙型肝炎(HC)病人细胞免疫功能和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的致病机制及机体对其免疫保护作用,收集24例HC病人(急性3例,慢性21例),用3H-TdR掺入法研究病人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)对不同HCV抗原增殖反应,并用流式细胞仪(FACS)检测了PBMC中CD4+、CD8+淋巴细胞亚群在HCV抗原刺激后的变化.结果:HC病人PBMC对HCV合成肽CP9,NS和基因重组抗原C,E1,E2,NS3刺激后出现不同程度增殖反应,刺激指数(SI)分别为1.69±0.51,1.61±0.54,1.68±0.58,1.49士0.44,1.44±0.44和1.33±0.33.3例急性HC中2例病人的PBMC对HCV抗原呈有效增殖反应(SI≥2.1),且血清HCVRNA阴转伴ALT正常.细胞表型分析显示:增殖的细胞表型是CD4+淋巴细胞,而CD8+淋巴细胞增殖反应较弱.结论:HC病人PBMC确实存在对HCV抗原的增殖反应;CD4+淋巴细胞比CD8+淋巴细胞增殖反应要强,急性HC病人PBMC对HCV抗原有效的增殖反应预示可能有良好的临床愈合.     

消化道肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的提取、培养及表型分析

用机械分离、酶解聚和非连续密度梯度离心方法从28例消化道肿瘤制取肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)单细胞悬液。每克湿重瘤组织细胞得率为20.78±9.82×10~6(6.09～78.40×10~6),淋巴细胞占67.29±11.78％。相同方法自17例肿瘤区域淋巴结中得到的细胞为38.08±17.42×10~6/每克淋巴结,淋巴细胞占82.08±8.48％。在含高浓度rIL-2中培养时、区域淋巴结淋巴细胞(RNL)增殖力最强,PBL的增殖反应发生最早,但扩增时间短。免疫荧光标记流式细胞仪分析,患者淋巴细胞CD4比例减少,CD8增加,CD4/CD8显著降低,CD25~+细胞增加。经rIL-2培养后,T细胞(CD2~+,CD3~+)增加,多数样本以CD8生长为主,对照组以CD4生长为主。CD25~+细胞逐渐增加。TIL、RNL、PBL中Tac抗原最高表达率分别达36.8％、44.2％、20.6％。     

慢性肾炎患者外周血T细胞亚群和共刺激分子的表达及其意义

为研究慢性肾炎患者外周血T细胞亚群和共刺激分子的表达特点及其在慢性肾炎免疫病理机制中的作用 ,本文采用免疫荧光标记和流式细胞仪分析 ,对 35例慢性肾炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和共刺激分子CD2 8、 4 1BB等的表达进行研究。结果表明 :(1)慢性肾炎患者T细胞亚群明显失衡 ,表现为CD4减少 ,CD8增加 ,CD4/CD8比值显著降低 ;(2 )共刺激分子CD2 8表达显著低于正常对照组 (CD2 8表达百分率分别为 45 95± 5 6 7和 6 6 42± 4 5 8,P <0 0 0 1) ,且CD4+ CD2 8+ T细胞和CD8+ CD2 8+ T细胞均显著减少。治疗后缓解期患者T细胞亚群失衡明显纠正 ,CD2 8+ T细胞 ,尤其是CD4+ CD2 8+ T细胞显著增多 ,而且CD4+ CD2 8+ T细胞数与患者的 2 4h尿蛋白定量呈负相关 (r= 0 47,P <0 0 1) ;(3)慢性肾炎患者共刺激分子 4 1BB在T细胞中的表达显著高于正常对照组 (表达百分率分别为 30 5 7± 8 12和 0 74± 0 2 8,P <0 0 0 1) ,治疗后的 4 1BB表达水平显著降低 ,而且 4 1BB异常高表达与CD8+ T细胞数呈正相关 (r=0 6 3,P <0 0 5 )。从而表明慢性肾炎外周血T细胞亚群失衡和T细胞活化所必需的共刺激分子CD2 8、 4 1BB异常表达 ,可能在慢性肾炎发生和病变进展中起着重要作用。     

SARS病人外周血T淋巴细胞的动态变化及其在发病进程和发病机理中的意义

目的 :通过研究严重急性呼吸综合征 (SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome,SARS)患者外周血免疫细胞的动态变化 ,探讨外周血免疫细胞在SARS发病进程中的意义 ,初步探讨SARS的发病机理 ,并为SARS的诊断和治疗提供有力的实验室依据。方法 :回顾性动态观察我院收治的已治愈SARS病例和SARS死亡病例外周血CD4 + 和CD8+ T淋巴细胞 ,评估外周血免疫细胞在SARS发病进程及预后中的作用。实验方法为流式细胞术检测和分析免疫细胞表面特异性荧光抗体标记 ,T细胞表面标志组合为CD3 CD8 CD4 5 CD4。结果 :所有治愈的SARS病人的CD4 + 和CD8+ T淋巴细胞都有不同程度的可逆性下降 ,而所有的死亡病例有不可逆性显著下降 ,直至死亡。T细胞下降程度和维持的时间与病情密切相关。普通型SARS病例最低CD4 + T淋巴细胞数为 30 5± 15 0cells μl(P <0 .0 0 1)、重型为 139± 6 9cells μl(P <0 .0 0 1) ,普通型SARS病例最低CD8+ T淋巴细胞数为 2 2 3± 89cells μl(P <0 .0 0 1)、重型为 171± 92cells μl(P <0 .0 0 1)。所有普通型病例和大部分重型病例T淋巴细胞恢复正常 ,个别重型病例低于正常或接近正常 ,恢复后普通型平均为 991± 2 86cells μl,重型平均为 5 4 5± 2 2 5cells μl。恢复时间有所不同 ,普通型平均为 17± 5天     

激发型CD28单抗直接激发的T细胞及其表型

1.用羊抗鼠IgG(20μg/ml)包被96孔细胞培养板,再加入游离的激发型CD28单抗(终浓度为5 μg/ml);2.用激发型CD28单抗(10 μg/ml)直接包被96孔细胞培养板,然后分别加入10~5个/孔经E-花结实验获取的人外周血T细胞(PBTC),其中CD3+T>95％。逐日观察细胞的生长状态并绘制生长曲线,用3H-TdR掺入法分析PBTC的增殖效应,用FITC标记的单抗经流式细胞仪(FCM)分析细胞CD3、CD4、CD8、CTLA-4、4-1BB及OX40的表达。逐日细胞计数的结果表明,经羊抗鼠IgG包被后加入游离激发型CD28单抗或直接用激发型CD28单抗包被,均能引发PBTC的活化与增殖效应,激发3 d时的刺激指数(SI)大于9,细胞CD3、CD4、CD8、CTLA-4、4-1BB及OX40的阳性表达率(x±s,％)分别为98.6±0.2、74.4±3.1、22.5±2.0、2.1±0.4、18.4±2.2、35.2±3.5。与XGB7(作为APC)刺激的T细胞相比,经CD28单抗直接激发的T细胞,CD4+/CD8+T细胞的比值及OX40+T细胞的百分率升高(P<0.01),但不表达负性调节分子CTLA-4。     

流式细胞术检测淋巴细胞增殖方法的建立

目的 :建立一种用流式细胞仪同时测定T淋巴细胞增殖与细胞因子分泌的方法。方法 :用非特异性刺激剂PMA、PHA刺激 1 0例正常人外周血单个核细胞 ,体外培养 2、4、6、8、1 0h ,流式细胞术在单细胞水平检测T淋巴细胞的功能性激活、表面活化标志性抗原 (CD69)的表达、DNA合成 (BrdU掺入法 )及胞内细胞因子 (IL 4、IFN γ)分泌。选择合适的刺激剂、调整细胞浓度、优化实验方法 ,确定最佳实验条件。结果 :BrdU掺入法测定T淋巴细胞增殖 ,最佳的反应细胞浓度为 1× 1 0 6ml-1 ,比较不同刺激剂和体外培养时间 :PMA(2 0ng ml)刺激后 8hT细胞中CD69+、BrdU+双阳性细胞比例最高 (82 3 %± 7 2 % ) ,IFN γ+、IL 4+细胞百分率分别为 2 5 2 %± 3 7%和 3 4%± 1 6 % ,均显著高于未刺激组 (P <0 0 1 )。结论 :应用流式细胞术进行单个核细胞的增殖分析可以同时检测细胞表面活化抗原的表达、DNA合成及胞内细胞因子的分泌。此方法能够分析不同亚群细胞对于不同刺激原的反应和激活表型。敏感性高、重复性好 ,可在单细胞水平检测单个核细胞的增殖和功能性激活     

年龄对人细胞毒性T淋巴细胞和自然杀伤细胞中穿孔素表达的影响

目的　通过研究健康儿童、成人和老年人外周血淋巴细胞 (PBL)中细胞毒效应分子穿孔素 (PFP)的表达水平的变化 ,了解细胞毒性T细胞 (CTL )的杀伤活性随年龄增长而下降的分子机制。方法　利用抗人PFP、抗人CD3和抗人CD5 6单克隆抗体 (mAb) ,采用单标记免疫组化染色法 ,检测外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)中PFP的表达。采用双标记免疫组化染色法 ,检测上述细胞表面标志CD3或CD5 6的表达和细胞内PFP的表达。结果　儿童组、成人组及老年组PBL中表达PFP阳性细胞的百分率 (% ) ,分别为 (2 6 .4± 2 .7) % ,(2 1.6± 3.2 ) %和 (13.4± 2 .0 ) % ,老年组明显下降 ,与其他两组相比较P <0 .0 0 1。 3个年龄组CD3+ T细胞表达PFP的阳性率 (% ) ,分别为 (30 .1± 4 .8) %、(2 1.4± 7.3) %和 (18.8± 4 .2 ) % ,随年龄的增长而显著下降。3个年龄组CD5 6 +NK细胞PFP的表达差别不显著。结论　健康人PBL中PFP的表达随年龄增长而递减 ,CD3+ T细胞亚群PFP表达水平的下降尤其显著。这可能是老年人CTL杀伤活性下降的重要原因之一     

尸肾移植急性排斥反应与患者淋巴细胞CD62L、CD11a、CD4、CD8表达的关系

为探讨同种异体尸肾移植排斥反应病人淋巴细胞CD62L、CD11a表达与T细胞亚群及CD4/CD8的关系和意义。利用单克隆抗体 流式细胞仪荧光免疫技术 ,测定 10例肾移植排斥反应病人术后不同时间外周血淋巴细胞CD62L、CD11a、CD4、CD8表达并计算CD4/CD8。结果 ,肾移植病人排斥反应时其CD62L (4 6 1± 18 7vs 31 3± 10 5 ,P <0 0 1)、CD11a (4 9 5±2 0 2vs 31 9± 12 4,P <0 0 1)、CD4(2 4 4± 7 7vs 17 9± 7 4,P <0 0 1)、CD8(14 7± 2 9vs 10 4± 3 2 ,P <0 0 5 )表达均较排斥前明显增加 ,抗排斥治疗后CD11a (14 8± 6 2vs 49 5± 2 0 2 ,P <0 0 1)、CD4(15 8± 6 4vs 2 4 4± 7 7,P <0 0 5 )和CD4/CD8(1 2 8± 0 6vs 1 73± 0 79,P <0 0 5 )均明显下降。CD62L变化和CD8呈明显正相关 (r=0 9779,P <0 0 5 )。认为淋巴细胞CD62L、CD11a、CD4、CD8表达及CD4/CD8与肾移植排斥反应密切相关。免疫抑制剂 ,尤其甲基强的松尤能明显抑制淋巴细胞CD11a、CD4表达和CD4/CD8比值可能是其发挥抗排斥作用的重要机制。     

多发性骨髓瘤细胞XG-7诱导CD8和TCRαβ阳性的T细胞增殖分化成为细胞毒效应细胞

采用经密度梯度离心获得的正常健康人外周血淋巴细胞 (PBL )与多发性骨髓瘤细胞XG 7进行混合肿瘤淋巴细胞培养。3 H TdR掺入实验证实XG 7细胞可刺激PBL增殖 ;间接免疫荧光检测显示增殖的PBL中 ,CD4+ /CD8+ 细胞比例偏移 ,CD8+ T细胞增加。激活的CD8+ T细胞在含IL 2的培养体系中得到迅速扩增 ,占细胞总数的 96 %以上。流式细胞仪检测显示 ,扩增的T细胞表达CD3,CD8和TCRαβ ,而不表达CD4,CD16和CD5 6。细胞毒实验结果表明 ,扩增的CD8+ T细胞不仅杀伤原刺激细胞XG 7,也可杀伤其它肿瘤细胞如RPMI82 2 6 ,U2 6 6和Daudi。上述结果说明了经XG 7细胞所刺激PBL中的CD8+ T细胞可增殖分化成为抗肿瘤细胞的细胞毒效应细胞 ,这使得它们有可能在临床上用于肿瘤病人的治疗。     

多抗甲素对食道癌患者淋巴细胞的促增殖作用

本文应用淋巴细胞增殖反应(LP)试验来研究多抗甲素(PAA)对25例正常人和22例食道癌患者外周血LP反应的影响。结果表明:食道癌患者LP反应显著低于正常人(低于正常者高达63.64％,P<0.001)、PAA 1000μg/ml体外单独应用对正常人和食道癌患者的外周血淋巴细胞(PBL)有刺激作用。在亚适浓度PHA(5μg/ml)刺激下,PAA对正常人和食道癌患者PBL促增殖作用的浓度分别为100—1000μg/ml和10—100g/ml。判定LP反应的三项参数(NCPm,SI,RPI)灵敏度差异比较的结果说明;增殖指数(RPI)是判定食道癌患者LP反应降低的最灵敏的参数。转化值(NCPm)次之,刺激指数(SI)最不灵敏。因此,PAA对食道癌患者外周血淋巴细胞促增殖起免疫调节作用。     

CD4+CD25+Foxp3+IFN-γ+ human induced T regulatory cells are induced by interferon-γ and suppress alloresponses nonspecifically

Interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing CD3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) are more frequently detectable in patients with good than in patients with impaired long-term kidney graft function, suggesting an immunoregulatory role of this induced T regulatory (iTreg) subtype. Herein, the in vitro function of separated CD3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL that were induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin or alloantigenic stimulation was investigated using cell coculture techniques and flow cytometry. CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) PBL with intracellular IFN-γ production increased to 26% in cell cultures stimulated with PMA/ionomycin for 6 hours. Recombinant IFN-γ augmented and anti-IFN-γ monoclonal antibody blocked induction of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL, suggesting their IFN-γ-dependent induction. In addition, CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL produced immunosuppressive interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor-β, and IL-4 intracellularly and expressed both IFN-γ and IFN-γ receptors (CD119) on the cell surface, allowing separation of CD4(+)CD25(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL with 98% purity. Addition of enriched CD4(+)CD25(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL to autologous PMA/ionomycin stimulated PBL decreased blast formation (p < 0.05), indicating suppression of cell proliferation by CD4(+)CD25(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL. CD4(+)CD25(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL separated from primary mixed leukocyte cultures (MLC) and added to autologous or third-party secondary MLC suppressed allogeneic T-cell activation nonspecifically (p < 0.05). We conclude that CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL are induced by IFN-γ, making them sensors for IFN-γ and initial immune responses. Circulating CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)IFN-γ(+) PBL could suppress allogeneic T-cell responses in patients and may be involved in inhibition of the posttransplant alloresponse.     

Study of the NKT cell subsets with superantigen SEB-activated tolerance

AIM: To study the NKT cell subsets and their differentiation. METHODS: Splenic lymphocytes from C57BL/J mice that had received SEB treatment were collected as effector cells on the 10(th) day. The cells were cultured in medium containing ConA, LPS and IL-2 for 3 days and measured their response to mitogens and cytokine. The inhibitory action of the effector cells was examined. The effector cells were cultured with normal lymphocytes and above mitogens or cytokine for 3 day. The cells proliferation was assessed with MTT method.The NKT cell subsets among these effector cells with the tolerance function were analyzed and their differentiation sources and correlation of functions were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The response of SEB-activated effector cells to ConA, LPS and IL-2 was significantly decreased compared with that of normal lymphocytes. The A values of cell proliferation were decreased from 0.80+/-0.04, 0.60+/-0.03 and 0.55+/-0.07 in control groups to 0.60+/-0.05, 0.30+/-0.05 and 0.27+/-0.04 in effector groups, respectively (P<0.01, n=3).The inhibitory ability of effectors cells against the response of normal lymphocytes to ConA, LPS and IL-2 were clearly observed. They inhibited the response of normal lymphocytes to several mitogens and cytokine. And the A values of cell proliferation were decreased to 0.26+/-0.02, 0.48+/-0.04 and 0.34+/-0.02, respectively (P<0.01, n=3). The CD4(+)NK1.1(+), CD8(+)NK1.1(+), TcRV8(+)NK1.1(+) NKT cell subsets among SEB-activated effector cells with tolerance function were significantly increased and shown that they come from T cell population. And the CD4(-)CD8(-)/NK1.1(+)CD3(+)NKT cells by ConA or SEB-activated were shown coming from NK cell population. CONCLUSION: The effector cells with tolerance function activated by superantigen SEB relate to CD4(+)NK1.1(+), CD8(+)NK1.1(+), TcRVbeta8(+)NK1.1(+) NKT cell subsets. The NKT cell subsets come from T cells. The CD4(-)CD8(-)/NK1.1(+)CD3(+)NKT cells differentiating from NK cells are not involved in the regulation of tolerance.     

原发乳腺淋巴瘤的临床病理、免疫表型及预后分析

目的 探讨原发乳腺淋巴瘤(PBL)的病理诊断和预后.方法 复习21例PBL的临床资料并进行随访.病理诊断依据WHO关于淋巴造血组织肿瘤的分类(2008版)进行.采用免疫组织化学SP法行免疫表型检测,选用的抗体有CD20、CD3ε、CD10、bcl-6、MUM-1、CD5、bcl-2、CD23、CD10、细胞周期蛋白D1、CD43和Ki-67等.结果 (1)21例均为女性,中位年龄48岁,右乳11例(52.4%),左乳10例(47.6%).最常见的临床表现是受累乳腺单发、无痛性肿块.Ann Arbor分期:20例为Ⅰ～Ⅱ期(95.2%),1例为Ⅳ期(4.8%).国际预后指数:19例为0～1分,2例为2～3分.东方肿瘤协作组织(ECOG)体力状态评分:19例为0分,2例为1分.(2)21例(100%)均为弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤.免疫表型检测:21例均表达CD20抗原,14例(66.7%)表达MUM-1,5例(23.8%)表达bol-6,CD10均为阴性表达,1例(4.8%)表达CD5,13例(61.9%)表达bcl-2.Ki-67阳性指数:10例(47.6%)≤59%,7例(33.3%)为60%～89%,4例(19.1%)≥90%,其中位数为60%.21例均符合非生发中心B细胞样型肿瘤.(3)13例(64%)获得随访资料,其1年、3年和5年生存情况分别为11例、7例和3例.结论 该组21例PBL均为DLBCL,且均符合非生发中心B细胞来源的肿瘤.其诊断应充分排除系统性淋巴瘤累及乳腺.     

Preferential apoptosis of CD56dim natural killer cell subset in patients with cancer

Natural killer (NK) cells (CD56(+)/CD3(-)) in the circulation of cancer patients were reported to have low NK activity and undergo spontaneous apoptosis. A possible relationship between apoptosis and impaired NK activity was studied by Annexin V-binding and NK-cell assays performed with peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), breast cancer (BC) and normal controls (NC). Cells stained with Annexin V (Anx) and antibodies to CD56, CD3, CD95, CD25, CD122 or CD132 were examined by flow cytometry. NK activity was tested against K562 targets in 4-h (51)Cr-release assays. The ratio of CD56(dim)/CD56(bright) NK cells was significantly different in patients vs. controls (10 vs. 16; p<0.01). A significantly greater percentage of CD56(dim) NK cells bound Anx in HNC patients (27+/-17%, median +/- SD) or BC (46+/-18%) than in NC (15+/-18%, p<0.04 and p<0.0002, respectively). CD56(dim) NK cells were preferentially targeted for apoptosis. NK activity was significantly lower in patients with HNC and BC than in NC (p<0.009). An inverse correlation between NK activity and the percent of Anx(+)CD56(dim) NK cells was observed in cancer patients (p =0.002) but not in NC. In patients, circulating CD56(dim) NK cells were targeted for apoptosis, leading to low levels of NK activity.     

Phenotyping of lymphocytes expressing regulatory and effector markers in infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast

Dysfunction of the host immune system in cancer patients can be due to a number of reasons including suppression of tumour associated antigen reactive lymphocytes by regulatory T (Treg) cells. In this study, we used flow cytometry to determine the phenotype and relative abundance of the tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from 47 enzymatically dissociated tumour specimens from patients with infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. The expression of both effector and regulatory markers on the TILs were determined by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Analysis revealed CD8(+) T cells (23.4+/-2.1%) were predominant in TILs, followed by CD4(+) T cells (12.6+/-1.7%) and CD56(+) natural killer cells (6.4+/-0.7%). The CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio was 0.8+/-0.9%. Of the CD8(+) cells, there was a higher number (68.4+/-3.5%) that expressed the effector phenotype, namely, CD8(+)CD28(+) and about 46% of this subset expressed the activation marker, CD25. Thus, a lower number of infiltrating CD8(+) T cells (31.6+/-2.8%) expressed the marker for the suppressor phenotype, CD8(+)CD28(-). Of the CD4(+) T cells, 59.6+/-3.9% expressed the marker for the regulatory phenotype, CD4(+)CD25(+). About 43.6+/-3.8% CD4(+)CD25(+) subset co-expressed both the CD152 and FOXP3, the Treg-associated molecules. A positive correlation was found between the presence of CD4(+)CD25(+) subset and age (> or =50 years old) (r=0.51; p=0.045). However, no significant correlation between tumour stage and CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells was found. In addition, we also found that the CD4(+)CD25(-) subset correlated with the expression of the nuclear oestrogen receptor (ER)-alpha in the tumour cells (r=0.45; p=0.040). In conclusion, we detected the presence of cells expressing the markers for Tregs (CD4(+)CD25(+)) and suppressor (CD8(+)CD28(-)) in the tumour microenvironment. This is the first report of the relative abundance of Treg co-expressing CD152 and FOXP3 in breast carcinoma.     

协同刺激分子4-1BB和CD28对人外周血不同T细胞亚群的激活作用

目的 :探讨 4 1BB/ 4 1BBL协同刺激信号在CD4 和CD8 T细胞活化、增殖中的作用 ,并与CD2 8/B7信号作比较。方法 :用抗CD3单抗 (mAb)刺激人外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)。用阻断型抗 4 1BBLmAb和抗CD80mAb ,分别阻断 4 1BB/ 4 1BBL和CD2 8/B7 1协同刺激信号。利用流式细胞术 (FCM)检测CD4 T细胞、CD8 T细胞的增殖率、CD8/CD4T细胞的比值变化和细胞分泌IFN γ的情况。结果 :用抗 4 1BBLmAb和抗CD80mAb阻断相应的协同刺激途径后 ,CD4 和CD8 T细胞的增殖和细胞分泌IFN γ的水平均明显下降。培养 8d,抗CD3mAb单独刺激组CD8/CD4T细胞的比值为 1.98± 0 .0 6 ;抗 4 1BBLmAb阻断组CD8/CD4T细胞的比值下降为 0 .96±0 .0 3;而在抗CD80mAb阻断组 ,其比值上升为 2 .6 9± 0 .16。结论 :4 1BB分子可在CD4 T细胞和CD8 T细胞的活化、增殖中提供协同刺激信号。 4 1BB分子所介导的协同刺激信号 ,在CD8 T细胞活化及增殖中发挥了更为重要的作用 ;而CD2 8分子所介导的协同刺激信号则更有利于CD4 T细胞的活化     

IL-15对骨髓增生异常综合征患者CD34+细胞增殖、分化的影响

目的 探讨IL-15对体外培养的骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者CD34+细胞增殖和分化的影响.方法 应用单克隆抗体(mAb)免疫磁珠系统分离CD34+细胞, 将实验分为加IL-15的实验组和不加IL-15的对照组, 分别用液体培养基和甲基纤维素半固体培养基培养.计数培养后的细胞数和CFU-E、BFU-E、CFU-GM和CFU-GEMM的集落形成数,并用MTT比色法检测IL-15对MDS 患者CD34+细胞增殖的抑制作用.用流式细胞术检测上述培养的细胞上各种表型分子CD33、 CD13、 CD71、 CD19和CD3表达的变化和细胞周期的改变.结果 11例MDS患者CD34+细胞的平均回收率为(75.4±5.2)%, CD34+细胞的纯度为(90.3±6.3)%.富集倍数为(83.1±12.5)倍.用MTT比色法检测表明, IL-15抑制CD34+细胞增殖的最佳剂量为20 μg/L, 最佳时间为8 d.将对照组及20 μg/L 的IL-15(实验组)分别与MDS患者的CD34+细胞共培养8 d, 进行细胞计数显示, 增殖倍数对照组为4.6倍, 实验组为6.3倍(P＜0.05, n＝5); 各祖细胞的集落形成率, 实验组均明显多于对照组.CD34+细胞上各种表型分子的表达率(除CD3外), 实验组均明显高于对照组.IL-15作用后, CD34+细胞的细胞周期中G1、S、G2期的比率均有明显变化, 与对照组相比较, 差异显著(P＜0.05, n＝7).结论 IL-15对MDS患者的CD34+细胞具有明显地促增殖和诱导分化的效应, 对MDS患者的治疗可能开阔了广大的前景.     

Characterization of the interstitial lung and peripheral blood T cell receptor repertoire in cigarette smokers

T lymphocytes modulate the pulmonary inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clonality within the interstitial lung and peripheral blood T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in smokers. Interstitial T lymphocytes were isolated from surplus tissue of 16 patients (63 +/- 9 [+/- SD] yr old, 11 male) undergoing surgery due to lung cancer (n = 15) or emphysema. TCR clonality was assessed by PCR amplification followed by spectratyping. Nearly all TCR of interstitial lung lymphocytes showed oligoclonal bands (CD4(+) subset 13/16 patients, 81%; CD8(+) 100%) indicating a specific differentiation. Peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBL) TCR (especially CD4(+)) had less oligoclonal bands (CD4(+) 31%, CD8(+) 88%). Likewise, more oligoclonal bands were seen in lung TCR (total of 168 bands; 37 CD4(+); 131 CD8(+)), compared with 59 bands in PBL TCR (13 CD4(+); 46 CD8(+)). Intraindividual comparison revealed a more prominent difference in TCR oligoclonality between lung and blood in CD8(+) T cells (median of difference lung minus blood 5; interquartile range 1-10; P = 0.002) compared with CD4(+) T cells (median 2, 0-3, P = 0.039). Thus, TCR oligoclonality is preferentially found in the CD8(+) T cell subset, most distinctive in the lung. These findings indicate a specific interstitial T cell differentiation in response to local stimuli.     

乳腺癌患者腋下淋巴结来源的DC诱导自体特异性CTL的实验研究

目的:研究乳腺癌患者腋下淋巴结单个核细胞来源的树突状细胞(DC)诱导抗原特异性细胞毒T淋巴细胞(CTL)的能力。方法:以多种细胞因子联合诱导腋下淋巴结单个核细胞中的贴壁细胞为DC,非贴壁细胞与IL-2共培养后诱导成为肿瘤区域引流淋巴结细胞(TDLNC),用自体乳腺癌细胞冻融抗原刺激DC,并和TDLNC共培养,以诱导肿瘤抗原特异性CTL。结果:淋巴结细胞经体外培养后,贴壁细胞在DC诱导前,其特异性表面标志物CD1a、CD83、CD86的百分比(%)分别为11.0±2.4、26.6±5.2和33.0±6.1,经与rhGM-CSF、rhIL-4共同培养,并经自体肿瘤冻融抗原加TNF-α诱导后3种标志物的水平升高,其百分比(%)分别为50.2±5.7、60.5±16.5和56.2±16.4(P<0.01)。TDLNC中CD3 和CD8 细胞含量(%)分别为73.9±2.2和32.8±3.2;经DC和肿瘤抗原诱导后,DC-Ag-TDLNC中的CD3 和CD8 细胞含量升高,其百分比(%)分别为82.7±2.8和62.5±2.5(P<0.01)。结论:乳腺癌患者腋下引流淋巴结中的单个核细胞在rhGM-CSF和rhIL-4刺激活化和自体肿瘤抗原及TNF-α的诱导下,可以分化为典型的DC。成熟的DC具有较强的抗原提呈功能,可以促进TDLNC增殖、分化为抗原特异性CTL。     

Distinct patterns of promoter CpG island methylation of breast cancer subtypes are associated with stem cell phenotypes

Although DNA methylation profiles in breast cancer have been connected to breast cancer molecular subtype, there have been no studies of the association of DNA methylation with stem cell phenotype. This study was designed to evaluate the promoter CpG island methylation of 15 genes in relation to breast cancer subtype, and to investigate whether the patterns of CpG island methylation in each subtype are associated with their cancer stem cell phenotype represented by CD44+/CD24- and ALDH1 expression. We performed MethyLight analysis of the methylation status of 15 promoter CpG island loci involved in breast cancer progression (APC, DLEC1, GRIN2B, GSTP1, HOXA1, HOXA10, IGF2, MT1G, RARB, RASSF1A, RUNX3, SCGB3A1, SFRP1, SFRP4, and TMEFF2) and determined cancer stem cell phenotype by CD44/CD24 and ALDH1 immunohistochemistry in 36 luminal A, 33 luminal B, 30 luminal-HER2, 40 HER2 enriched, and 40 basal-like subtypes of breast cancer. The number of CpG island loci methylated differed significantly between subtypes, and was highest in the luminal-HER2 subtype and lowest in the basal-like subtype. Methylation frequencies and levels in 12 of the 15 genes differed significantly between subtypes, and the basal-like subtype had significantly lower methylation frequencies and levels in nine of the genes than the other subtypes. CD44+/CD24- and ALDH1+ putative stem cell populations were most enriched in the basal-like subtype. Methylation of promoter CpG islands was significantly lower in CD44+/CD24-cell (+) tumors than in CD44+/CD24-cell (-) tumors, even within the basal-like subtype. ALDH1 (+) tumors were also less methylated than ALDH1 (-) tumors. Our findings showed that promoter CpG island methylation was different in relation to breast cancer subtype and stem cell phenotype of tumor, suggesting that breast cancers have distinct patterns of CpG island methylation according to molecular subtypes and these are associated with different stem cell phenotypes of the tumor.