HPLC测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊的含量

目的建立测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊含量的方法.方法采用高效液相色谱法,以辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为固定相,1.0%三乙胺(用磷酸调pH6.0)-四氢呋喃-甲醇(40:40:20)为流动相,检测波长227 nm,测定盐酸氟西汀的含量.结果盐酸氟西汀在70～130μg/ml浓度范围内有良好的线性关系(r=0.9997),回收率为98.85%(RSD＝0.64%).结论本法测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊的含量,结果准确,可行.     

HPLC测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊的含量

目的建立测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊含量的方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,以辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为固定相,1.0%三乙胺(用磷酸调pH6.0)-四氢呋喃-甲醇(40∶40∶20)为流动相,检测波长227nm,测定盐酸氟西汀的含量。结果盐酸氟西汀在70～130μg/ml浓度范围内有良好的线性关系(r=0.9997),回收率为98.85%(RSD=0.64%)。结论本法测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊的含量,结果准确,可行。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊含量

目的:建立反相高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊的含量.方法:采用kromasil C18色谱柱(5μm,4.5mm×15mm)为分离柱;流动相为甲醇:0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(55:45);流速:1mL/min;检测波长:230nm;柱温:室温.结果:盐酸氟西汀在52.5mg/L～315mg/L浓度范围内线性良好(r=0.9994);方法平均回收率为99.66%(RSD=0.98%,n=5);5次测定的精密度0.16%～0.35%.结论:本方法操作简便、快速、准确、灵敏,适用于盐酸氟西汀胶囊的含量测定.     

RP-HPLC法测定盐酸乌拉地尔注射液含量和有关物质

目的:建立高效液相色谱方法测定盐酸乌拉地尔注射液的含量和有关物质。方法:采用C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-0.1 mol/L磷酸二氢铵缓冲液-三乙胺(15∶85∶0.2,磷酸调pH值6.0);柱温:35℃;检测波长:270 nm;流速:1.0 ml/min;进样量:20μl。结果:盐酸乌拉地尔注射液在10~30μg/ml范围内线性关系良好;回归方程为:A=162 412 182 121C,r=1.000(n=5);最低检测限为0.02 ng;平均加样回收率为99.84%(n=9),RSD为0.35%。结论:该方法简便灵敏、结果准确可靠,可用于该制剂的含量测定及有关物质检查。     

HPLC法测定盐酸西那卡塞片含量

目的:建立测定盐酸西那卡塞片含量的方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为Phenomenex C18,流动相为三乙胺水溶液(pH 8.0)-甲醇(15∶85),流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为272 nm,柱温为25℃,进样量为20μl。结果:盐酸西那卡塞检测质量浓度线性范围为39.82³58.3μg/ml(r=0.999 9);平均回收率为99.54%(RSD=0.49%,n=3)。结论:建立的方法操作简便、快捷,结果准确、可靠,可用于盐酸西那卡塞片的质量控制。     

HPLC测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊的含量

目的建立测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊含量的方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法，以辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为固定相．1．0％三乙胺(用磷酸调pH6．0)-四氢呋喃-甲醇(40：40：20)为流动相，检测波长227nm，测定盐酸氟西汀的含量。结果盐酸氟西汀在70～130μg／ml浓度范围内有良好的线性关系(r=0．9997)，回收率为98.85％(RSD=0．64％)。结论本法测定盐酸氟西汀胶囊的含量，结果准确，可行。     

盐酸氟西汀胶囊含量的高效液相色谱法测定

目的建立测定氟西汀含量的高效液相色谱法.方法选用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C8柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm); Lab Alliance C8保护柱(4.6 mm×10 mm,5μm);流动相甲醇-水=6238;流速1.0 mL*min-1;检测波长226 nm;进量样20μL;柱温室温.结果本法简便、准确、快速.线性范围1.0 ～ 400μg*mL-1(r = 0.9997).回收率在98.4～105.8%之间,RSD 在0.68～2.52%(n = 3).结论方法利于氟西汀胶囊的质量控制.     

HPLC法测定盐酸克仑特罗片的含量

目的:建立 HPLC 法测定盐酸克仑特罗片的含量。方法:采用 YWG-C_(18)色谱柱(150mm×6.0mm,粒度:10μm)。以甲醇-水-磷酸-三乙胺(50:50:0.2:0.4)为流动相,流速为0.4ml/min,检测波长为243nm,柱温为室温。结果:盐酸克伦特罗的线性范围为5～25μg/ml(r=0.9997),样品溶液在6h 内稳定,平均回收率为96.65%,RSD=0.56%。结论:本法简便快捷,精密度好,结果准确。     

高效液相色谱法测定克拉维丁搽剂中醋酸地塞米松含量

目的测定克拉维丁搽剂中醋酸地塞米松的含量。方法用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为C18柱(150 mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-水-冰醋酸(80200.5);检测波长为240nm;进样量20μl;柱温30℃;流速1ml/min。结果醋酸地塞米松在2.00~64.00μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,Y=0.405 2 X+0.804 2(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为99.3%,RSD=0.93%(n=9)。结论该法便捷,重现性好,适用于克拉维丁搽剂中醋酸地塞米松的含量测定。     

中国药典2000年版一部复方黄连素片含量测定方法的改进

目的:测定复方黄连素片中盐酸小檗碱的含量.方法:采用高效液相色谱法.色谱柱为Nova-pak C18柱(5μm,250mm×4.6mm);流动相为:乙腈-磷酸盐缓冲液(0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾和0.05mol/L庚烷磺酸钠(1:1),(40:60),含0.2%三乙胺),用磷酸调节pH值至3.0;流速:1.0ml/min;检测波长263nm柱温:室温.结果:盐酸小檗碱在0.48μg～1.12μg范围内具有良好线性关系,平均回收率为100.4%,RSD=1.8%.结论:该法可用于含有盐酸小檗碱复方制剂的含量测定方法.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.