不剥离骨膜法肋骨钉内固定治疗多发肋骨骨折的随机对照研究

目的 分别运用Achillon吻合器和改良Kessler缝合法治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂,随访比较患者的临床效果和功能恢复情况.方法从2009年3月至2012年2月,随机采用 Achillon吻合器微创修复与改良Kessler缝合法治疗49例急性闭合性跟腱断裂.其中Achillon 微创修复28例,改良Kessler法缝合21例.两组均无需行拇长屈肌或腓肠肌延长术.本研究平均随访21个月,分别在术后1周、第6个月、第12个月、随访结束期4个时间段,对两组患者的手术时间、住院时间、切口长度、踝关节运动范围、美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）踝-后足疗效评分进行评价.结果在术后1周内,Achillon组发生1例神经损伤,改良Kessler组发生2例创口浅表感染,1例延迟愈合.两组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P=0.41）.在第6月,Achillon组AOFAS评分要优于改良Kessler组,第12月时两组无明显差异.术后两组踝关节运动范围,差异无统计学意义.截止随访结束时,所有患者均恢复到受伤前运动水平.结论两种缝合方法均能取得良好的疗效,相比改良Kessler缝合法,采用Achillon吻合器具有切口小、住院时间短、功能恢复快、术后美观等优点.     

Achillon微创跟腱吻合器治疗急性跟腱断裂的疗效观察

背景:急性跟腱断裂是一种常见的运动损伤,微创治疗由于其创伤小、并发症少等而日渐被关注。目的:观察应用Achillon微创跟腱吻合器治疗急性跟腱断裂的临床效果。方法:对2010年7月至2011年7月在我院采用Achillon跟腱吻合器治疗的21例急性跟腱断裂患者进行随访。男19例,女2例,年龄19～54岁,平均31.7岁。根据美国骨科协会足踝外科分会(AOFAS)标准评价踝关节功能;观察有无手术并发症,同时调查患者满意度。结果:21例患者均获得随访,时间12～24个月,平均18个月。所有伤口愈合良好,无感染、腓肠肌神经损伤、跟腱再断裂等发生。AOFAS标准评分为88～98分,平均为93.2分,患者满意度高。结论:Achillon微创跟腱吻合器能够有效治疗急性跟腱断裂,具有对合良好、对跟腱局部血供影响小、创伤小、功能恢复快等优点。     

微创手术与传统手术治疗急性跟腱断裂的比较研究

背景：急性跟腱断裂的临床治疗方案目前尚存争议,微创治疗因为切口相关并发症较少而逐渐被应用于临床,而微创手术与传统手术治疗急性跟腱断裂的比较性研究较少。目的：比较应用跟腱龙（Achillon）跟腱吻合器与Krachow法跟腱端端吻合术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法：回顾性研究2009年3月至2011年12月收治的急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者146例,其中37例应用Achillon跟腱吻合器治疗,为微创手术组,男26例,女11例,年龄19~64岁,平均41.6岁;53例应用Krachow法跟腱端端吻合术治疗,为传统手术组,男36例,女17例,年龄21~67岁,平均43.5岁。比较两组患者的切口愈合时间、并发症发生率、踝关节活动度、单足提踵试验结果及整体满意率,并通过美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）踝与后足评分进行疗效评估。结果：微创手术组37例和传统手术组53例全部获得随访,随访时间为14~57个月,平均32.9个月。微创手术组的再断裂率与传统手术组比较无统计学差异（5.4%vs.1.9%,P=0.38）;传统手术组的伤口延迟愈合率显著高于微创手术组（17.6%vs.0%,P〈0.01）。两组患者的单足提踵试验阳性率（16.2%vs.11.3%）、踝关节活动度减小率（18.9%vs.17.0%）、整体满意率（83.8%vs.71.7%）均无统计学差异。两组患者的AOFAS踝与后足评分的各项指标和总分比较均无统计学差异。结论：Achillon跟腱吻合器治疗跟腱断裂可有效降低切口相关并发症发生率,且未增加跟腱再断裂率,跟腱功能与Krachow法跟腱端端吻合术无统计学差异。     

急性闭合性跟腱断裂的微创手术治疗

目的 探讨采用Achillon行微创缝合治疗急性跟腱断裂的临床疗效. 方法 2010年12月至2011年5月收治7例7足急性跟腱断裂患者,男5例,女2例;年龄21～53岁,平均34 2岁.均为闭合性损伤,受伤至手术时间为1～11 d,平均3.8d.手术切口在跟腱断裂处内侧行2.0～3.5 cm长切口,以Achillon插入行微创手术缝合跟腱断端.术后康复锻炼.结果 所有患者伤口均获Ⅰ期愈合,所有患者获5～11个月(平均7.2个月)随访.术后3个月时患者均正常下地负重,无再发跟腱断裂,美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分93.2分,患处疼痛的视觉模拟评分为1.2分.结论 对急性跟腱断裂采用Achillon行微创手术缝合具有损伤小,并发症少,恢复快等优点,是跟腱修复方法的较好选择.     

缝合锚钉Krackow缝合法治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂

目的探讨缝合锚钉Krackow缝合法治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法自2007-11—2012-09采用缝合锚钉Krackow缝合法治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂29例,术后6个月依据Arner-Lindholm评分和AOFAS评分标准评定疗效。结果本组手术时间25~52 min,平均52 min。切口均一期愈合。所有患者均获得平均11.3(7~19)个月随访,无跟腱再次断裂、跟腱粘连等并发症发生。随访至术后6个月时,按照Arner-Lindholm评分标准评定临床疗效:优20例,良9例;采用美国足踝外科学会(AOFAS)踝-足评分标准进行功能评价:优19例,良10例,平均92.3分。结论缝合锚钉Krackow缝合法治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂具有操作简单、肌腱修复可靠、踝关节功能恢复好的优点。     

三种手术方法治疗新鲜跟腱断裂比较研究

目的比较传统切开跟腱吻合术、经皮微创跟腱吻合术以及应用跟腱吻合器有限切开术治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的疗效,为临床治疗方式的选择提供参考依据。方法 2007年12月-2010年3月将69例符合纳入标准的新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂患者随机分为3组,其中采用传统切开跟腱吻合术23例(传统切开组),经皮微创跟腱吻合术23例(经皮微创组),应用跟腱吻合器有限切开治疗23例(有限切开组)。3组患者性别、年龄、损伤机制、美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝-后足评分等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。结果经皮微创组及有限切开组住院时间及失血量明显优于传统切开组(P<0.01)。术后传统切开组发生2例(8.7%)切口感染坏死,其余两组患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合;传统切开组术后腱旁组织并发症发生率高于其余两组(P<0.05)。经皮微创组及有限切开组各1例(4.3%)发生跟腱再断裂,传统切开组跟腱再断裂发生率(0)低于其余两组(P<0.05)。69例均获随访,随访时间12～18个月,平均14.9个月。术后12个月3组踝关节AOFAS评分均>90分,较同组术前显著改善(P<0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 3种手术方式均能有效治疗新鲜跟腱断裂,有限切开或经皮微创手术方法创伤小,伤口愈合好,住院时间少,术后腱旁组织并发症少,但跟腱再断裂风险增加。     

小切口Kessler缝合法治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂

目的 探讨应用小切口Kessler缝合法治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效.方法2005年1月至2007年12月共收治37例新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂患者,男22例,女15例;年龄21～59岁,平均41.3岁.跟腱断裂部位:止点断裂8例,断端距止点<1.5 cm 5例,体部断裂20例,断端距止点3～6 cm 4例.37例患者均于伤后7 d内(平均4.6 d)采用小切口Kessler缝合法治疗,术后早期进行功能锻炼.根据Arner-Lindholm评分标准评定疗效.结果 37例患者术后获18～36个月(平均27个月)随访.术后无切口表浅或深部感染、皮缘坏死等并发症发生,无跟腱再断裂.术后疗效根据Arner-Lindholm评分标准评定:优30例,良7例,优良率为100%.结论应用小切口暴露方法修复新鲜跟腱断裂并结合早期功能锻炼可获得满意的临床疗效.     

新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的手术治疗

目的探讨新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的手术治疗方法及临床疗效。方法对45例新鲜跟腱断裂采用经跟腱正中旁内侧入路,Krackow法缝合修复跟腱治疗,术后在医生指导下进行循序渐进的康复锻炼。结果 45例随访10个月～3年,平均随访时间15个月,依据Amer-Lindholm评定标准,其中优35例,良10例。随访期内无跟腱再断裂及深部感染等并发症。结论新鲜跟腱断裂需早期诊断,早期治疗。绝大多数新鲜跟腱断裂为完全断裂,需要手术治疗,采用Krackow缝合法修复是跟腱断裂缝合的首选方法,经跟腱正中旁内侧入路为治疗跟腱断裂的最理想的手术入路,术后在专业医生指导下进行循序渐进的康复锻炼是获得小腿及足踝部良好功能的保证。     

改良跟腱内侧弧形切口联合改良垂直间断褥式缝合法治疗新鲜跟腱断裂

目的总结采用改良跟腱内侧弧形切口联合改良间断垂直褥式缝合法(以下简称为改良联合法)治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的治疗经验。方法 2016年5月至2017年10月我科收治闭合性新鲜跟腱断裂患者16例,其中男性16例,女性0例;年龄34～45岁,平均40岁;左侧10例,右侧6例,术中切口采取改良跟腱内侧弧形切口的方式,关闭切口则采用改良间断垂直褥式缝合法缝合切口弧形部分,术后观察切口皮肤愈合情况,出院后则根据Arner-Lindholm评分标准进行随访,评价术后恢复情况。结果术后随访12～16个月,平均14个月。术后切口均为Ⅰ期甲级愈合,无切口裂开、不愈合及皮肤坏死等情况,均未发生软组织感染及腓肠神经损伤症状。术后12个月根据ArnerLindholm评分标准评定踝关节功能,优14例,良2例。结论采取改良联合法治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂,可最大限度保护腱周及皮缘血运,避免术后切口并发症的发生,临床疗效确切。     

“骨康一体”理念下微创手术治疗跟腱断裂疗效观察

目的观察采用微创技术联合术后早期功能康复治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效,并探讨"骨康一体"新理念的应用模式。方法回顾性分析自2018-01—2019-04在"骨康一体"理念下采用微创手术治疗28例新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂,术中采用通道微创技术与改良Bunnell缝合法完成跟腱断端缝合,术后开展早期功能康复锻炼。结果 28例均获得随访,随访时间平均13.5(12～16)个月。切口均一期愈合,无排异反应、腓肠神经损伤、下肢深静脉血栓形成、跟腱再断裂等并发症发生。术后12个月踝关节功能Arner-Lindholm评分:优21例,良7例。末次随访时所有患者患侧踝关节主动背伸21°～27°,跖屈41°～48°。结论 "骨康一体"理念下采用微创技术联合术后早期功能康复治疗新鲜闭合性跟腱断裂具有手术时间短、切口小、术后并发症少、康复进程快、跟腱愈合快、踝关节功能恢复好等优点。     

小切口微创技术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂

目的:探讨采用小切口行微创缝合治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的临床效果。方法:2012年4月至2013年10月,对14例14足急性闭合性跟腱断裂的患者采用小切口微创技术修复跟腱,其中男9例,女5例;年龄25～49岁,平均30.5岁;受伤至手术时间1～13 d,平均8 d.在跟腱断裂处正中偏内侧行1.5～2.0 cm小切口,用卵圆钳导入缝针,微创缝合修复跟腱断裂。术后常规康复锻炼。结果:14例中2例创口局部持续渗出,经换药好转,其余均Ⅰ期愈合。所有患者获随访,时间6～24个月,平均11个月。美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分92.71±6.58(82～100分).结论:小切口微创修复急性闭合性跟腱断裂损伤小,并发症少,恢复快,操作简单,适合在基层医院开展。     

The improved oval forceps suture-guiding method for minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair

ObjectiveTo discuss the effect and advantage of the improved oval forceps suture-guiding method combined with anchor nail in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture.MethodsA retrospective research was performed on 35 cases of acute Achilles tendon rupture treated with the improved oval forceps suture-guiding method from January 2013 to October 2016. Instead of the Achillon device, we perform the Achillon technique with the use of simple oval forceps, combined with absorbable anchor nail, percutaneously to repair the acute Achilles tendon rupture.ResultsAll patients were followed up for at least 12 months (range, 12–19 months), and all the patients underwent successful repair of their acute Achilles tendon rupture using the improved oval forceps suture-guiding method without any major intra- or postoperative complications. All the patients returned to work with pre-injury levels of activity at a mean of 12.51 ± 0.76 weeks. Mean AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores improved from 63.95 (range, 51–78) preoperatively to 98.59 (range, 91–100) at last follow-up. This was statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Mean Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) at final follow-up was 94.87 (range, 90–100).ConclusionThe improved oval forceps suture-guiding method could make the advantage of minimally invasive repair with less complications, reduced surgical time and similar functional outcomes compared with the traditional open surgery. In addition, our new technique could save the cost of surgery with the compare of the Achillon device. At the same time for the cases which the remote broken tendon ends were within 2 cm from the calcaneal nodules, because of the less tendon tissue was left in the remote side, traditional percutaneous methods are incapable to ensure the reconstruction strength. By using the anchor nail, the improved technique has better repair capacity and expands the operation indication of oval forceps method.     

锚钉联合腓骨短肌腱加强跖肌腱覆盖治疗激素性跟腱断裂

目的：探讨锚钉联合腓骨短肌腱加强跖肌腱覆盖治疗激素性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法：自2005年3月至2010年4月,采用锚钉联合腓骨短肌腱加强跖肌腱覆盖治疗激素性跟腱断裂患者10例,其中男8例,女2例;年龄21—68岁,平均（46．80±2．83）岁。术后观察并发症的情况,踝关节活动范围和末次随访患足连续的足跟抬起和单腿跳的个数。跟腱功能恢复情况根据美国足踝外科协会踝一后足评分（aoFAS）评分系统进行评估。结果：10例患者获得随访,平均随访时间为13．5个月（12—18个月）。伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,无伤口感染、跟腱再断裂及排斥反应等并发症发生。末次随访时患足踝关节活动范围（54．5±6．3）°,与健足（56．8±3．8）°比较差异无统计学意义（t=0．989,P=0．336）;患足可进行10个连续的足跟抬起和单腿跳。术前AOFAS评分（67．3±7．6）,与术后（95．5±7．6）比较差异有统计学意义（t=8．297,P-0．000）,患足功能评分95．5±7．6,与健足98．5±6．3比较差异无统计学意义（t=0．961,P=0．349）。跟腱功能恢复情况：优9例,良1例。结论：锚钉联合腓骨短肌腱加强跖肌腱覆盖治疗激素性跟腱断裂手术操作简单、固定牢固、并发症少,是一种较可靠而有效的治疗方法。     

An anatomical and cadaveric study examining the risk of sural nerve injury in percutaneous Achilles tendon repair using the Achillon device

BackgroundPercutaneous Achilles tendon repairs are gaining in popularity. This study aims to quantify the risk of sural nerve injury when using the Achillon device.MethodsThe Achillon device was instrumented into 15 cadaveric specimens and through dissection the rate of sural nerve puncture and the position of the sural nerve in relation to the Achilles tendon was documented.ResultsThe sural nerve was found lateral to the Achilles tendon insertion point over a range of 14.3 mm and crossed the lateral border of the Achilles tendon over a range of 57.7 mm.The sural nerve was punctured a total of 6 times and in 4 out of 15 cadaveric specimens (27%). Four out of the 6 punctures occurred when the Achillon device was instrumented distally.ConclusionsThe sural nerve displays a highly variable anatomical course and there is a risk of puncture during percutaneous Achilles tendon repair using the Achillon device.     

跟健龙治疗急性跟腱断裂的近期临床疗效

目的:探讨应用跟健龙吻合器治疗急性跟腱断裂的临床效果。方法:自2009年4月至2010年4月,应用跟健龙治疗19例急性跟腱断裂,男17例,女2例;年龄30～58岁,平均40.2岁;运动伤17例,摔伤2例;受伤至手术时间0～8d,平均2.2d。所有患者术前Thompson试验、单足提锺试验为阳性。术后采用患者满意度和美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分对跟腱恢复情况进行评估。结果:所有患者获随访,时间12～28个月,平均19.9个月。平均手术时间41min,所有切口Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、局部不良反应、跟腱再断裂、腓肠神经损伤等并发症发生。18例对手术结果满意,1例感觉一般(跑步时感觉轻度疼痛),至最终随访时所有患者对工作及生活满意。小腿中段周径萎缩平均(0.82±0.85)cm(0～3.0cm)。最终随访AOFAS评分平均(98.42±3.29)分(89～100分)。结论:跟健龙装置治疗急性跟腱断裂安全有效,并发症发生率低,术后可早期功能锻炼,是治疗闭合性跟腱断裂的较好方法。     

A novel minimally invasive surgery combined with early exercise therapy promoting tendon regeneration in the treatment of spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture

ObjectiveAcute closed spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture often occurs in elderly individuals and is usually accompanied with many complications. Conventional surgical approaches to remove the tendon lesions and enthesophytes are highly traumatic and cause complications. In this study, a previously established minimally invasive surgical approach was modified and combined with a Kazakh exercise therapy to reduce trauma, improve wound healing, and promote tendon regeneration in the management of acute closed spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture.MethodsFifty-two patients with acute closed spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture were randomly classified into 2 groups. Group A included 23 patients that were treated with the novel approach. Group B included 29 patients that were treated with a continuous medial oblique surgical approach. Follow-up examinations were performed at post-operative weeks 12 and 24, and year 2. Outcomes were assessed by Achilles tendon rupture score (ATRS), a heel-rise endurance test, and ultrasonographic and multislice spiral computerized tomography.ResultsMean ATRS in Group A was 68.6 and 86.0 at post-operative week 12 and 24, respectively, significantly higher than that in Group B (55.9 and 72.0, respectively). Recovery of patients in Group A was significantly better compared to Group B (p < 0.01), allowing them to participate in early rehabilitating kinesiotherapy. Patients in Group A rarely experienced complications after surgery, such as infection and Achilles tendon exposure, while in Group B, the wound healing was slower, the inside flaps were prone to necrosis and infection, and Achilles tendon exposure occurred in 10% of patients.ConclusionsThe novel minimally invasive surgery is more advantageous in the treatment of acute closed spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture over previous approaches by promoting wound healing and tendon regeneration.     

套索锁扣结立体缝合法修复急性撕裂型跟腱断裂

目的总结自行设计的套索锁扣结立体缝合法修复急性撕裂型跟腱断裂的临床应用及体会。方法 2006年1月-2010年6月,收治41例运动损伤致急性撕裂型跟腱断裂患者。男33例,女8例;年龄18～56岁,平均41岁。均为单侧闭合性损伤;左足27例,右足14例。其中33例可触及明显断裂缺损区,7例行B超检查辅助明确诊断,1例行MRI检查确诊。损伤至手术时间为36h～7d。患者均采用套索锁扣结立体缝合法修复。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。31例获随访,随访时间1年～3年10个月,平均17个月。术后1年随访,患者肌力5级,行走正常,提踵有力。患侧与健侧小腿周径差均<3cm,踝关节背伸20～30°,跖屈40～50°。随访期间无跟腱再断裂及深部感染等并发症发生。末次随访时按Arner-Lindholm疗效评定标准,获优21例,良10例,优良率为100%。结论采用套索锁扣结立体缝合法修复急性撕裂型跟腱断裂具有把持力强、抗张强度大、对跟腱血运影响小等优点,是一种安全、有效的方法。     

两种方法治疗新鲜闭合跟腱断裂

目的 比较跟腱断裂通道微创修复和传统开放切口直视下修复治疗新鲜闭合跟腱断裂的疗效.方法 将43例新鲜闭合跟腱断裂患者根据治疗方法 不同分为微创组(采用跟腱断裂通道微创修复术治疗,25例)和传统组(采用传统开放切口直视下修复术治疗,18例).比较两组切口长度、手术时间、切口愈合时间、术后并发症、疼痛评分及踝关节功能评分....     

Comparison between tenocutaneous suture and Kessler suture techniques in treating acute closed Achilles tendon rupture

BackgroundTo compare the effectiveness of tenocutaneous suture and conventional Kessler suture techniques in treating acute closed Achilles tendon rupture.MethodsA total of 33 patients with acute closed Achilles tendon rupture who were admitted to our hospital from February 1998 to December 2008 underwent repair with either a tenocutaneous suture or Kessler suture technique. All patients were followed up for 1–5 years (mean, 3 years).ResultsAccording to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle–hindfoot scale, the excellence rate was 91% in the Kessler suture group and 98% in the tenocutaneous suture group, with a significant difference between groups.ConclusionOur tenocutaneous suture technique is an effective method for treating Achilles tendon rupture. It has certain advantages compared with the conventional incision method and is worthy of wide clinical application.