多层螺旋CT胃癌术前TNM分期

目的 评价多层螺旋CT（MSCT）三期动态增强扫描在胃癌术前TNM分期中的作用，资料与方法 32例胃癌患者均在术前6天内行MSCT扫描，检查前20min饮水1000-1200ml，扫描前10min肌注盐酸山莨菪碱20mg。平扫后行三期动态增强扫描，动脉期开始于注射对比剂后30s,60s后为实质期，2min后为平衡期。32例中16例在同期行腔内超声检查，术前CT检查结果由2名资深放射科医师双盲法进行评定TNM分期，评定时根据需要行MPR重建；腔内超声检查由1位内科和1位外科医师分别完成；MSCT及超声分期结果均与手术后病理结果进行比较。结果 对于T分期，MSCT分期T1-T2者敏感性为75%，准确性为68%，T3-T4者敏感性为98%，准确性为88%；特异性淋巴结N分期N1检出敏感性为60%，准确性为50%，N2-N3敏感性为82%，准确性为78%；远处转移本研究中出现较少，敏感性为75%，准确性为75%；综合评价TNM分期提示准确性为75%，腔内超声检查T分期敏感性为95%，准确性为90%；N分期敏感性为30%，准确性为21%；远处转移几乎无法显示，综合TNM分期准确性仅50%。结论 三期动态增强MSCT薄层扫描可在很大程度上提高微小病变的检出率，可较准确地显示正常胃壁结构及胃癌侵犯胃壁的深度，同时可反映淋巴结转移情况及远处脏器的转移和播散，作出准确的TNM分期。MSCT和超声内镜检查两者相结合可有效地为临床手术方案的选择提供指导。     

多层螺旋CT对胃癌的诊断及T分期价值探讨

目的:评价多层螺旋CT平扫及三期增强扫描在胃癌诊断和T分期中的价值,探讨胃癌的CT征象与其手术病理结果的关系。方法:搜集90例经胃镜证实为胃癌的患者资料,均于术前1周内行多层螺旋CT检查,并将检查结果与术后病理结果对照分析。结果:MSCT能够显示粘膜和粘膜下层、肌层、浆膜层的侵犯程度,判断浆膜层受侵的准确率为73%。对胃癌T1期、T2期、T3期、T4期的准确率分别为33.3%、42.9%、66.7%、85.2%,T分期总体准确率为62.2%。结论:MSCT常规平扫加三期增强扫描及多种图像处理技术,能够准确地对胃癌作出诊断,并提高T分期的准确性,是胃癌术前分期的可靠方法,有利于临床制订合理的手术方式和治疗方案。     

16层螺旋CT胃癌术前TNM分期

目的 :评价 16层螺旋CT双期增强扫描在胃癌TNM分期中的诊断价值。方法 :2 9例胃癌患者 ,术前采用 16层螺旋CT平扫和动脉期、静脉期双期增强扫描 ,随后薄层重建 ,采用容积再现法 (VR)、多平面容积重建法 (MPVR)、表面遮盖显示 (SSD)和仿真内镜 (CTVG)技术重建 ,结合原始图像TNM分期 ,与术后病理对照 ,评价CT在胃癌TNM分期中的诊断价值。结果 :2 9例胃癌患者T分期 :T1期敏感度为 5 0 % ,特异度 5 0 % ;T2 期敏感度 87.5 % ,特异度 70 % ;T3 期敏感度 85 .7% ,特异度 80 % ;T4期敏感度 10 0 % ,特异度 83 .3 %。N分期 :N0 期敏感度为 71.4% ,特异度 71.4% ;N1期敏感度 80 % ,特异度 66.7% ;N2 ～N3 期敏感度为 83 .3 % ,特异度 66.7%。M1期敏感度和特异度均为 10 0 %。结论 :16层螺旋CT双期增强扫描结合重建技术能够较好地进行TNM分期 ,有效地指导手术方案的选择。     

多层螺旋CT 增强扫描在进展期胃癌诊断的应用分析

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT增强扫描对进展期胃癌 TNM 分期的诊断价值。方法35例经胃镜及病理证实为进展期胃癌患者,进行多层螺旋CT平扫及三期增强扫描,扫描方法采用大螺距,根据胃镜提示的病变部位采用不同的扫描体位。对扫描图像行胃癌的TNM 分期（淋巴细胞短径、长径、CT值、胃癌侵及范围）并与术后病理分期对照,分析多层螺旋CT在诊断进展期胃癌TNM分期的诊断敏感性和特异性。结果35例患者按照上述体位扫描,进展期胃癌的检出率为100％,胃底贲门癌13例,胃体部癌9例,胃窦部胃癌11例,全胃癌2例;T分期与病理分期符合率为73．44％,N分期与病理分期符合率为53．73％,M分期与病理分期符合率为91．32％。结论多层螺旋C T增强扫描在进展期胃癌诊断中及对临床手术指导具有重要价值。     

直肠低张充气16层螺旋CT扫描对直肠癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨直肠低张充气后16层螺旋CT扫描对直肠癌的诊断价值。方法:对临床内镜诊断或临床怀疑直肠癌的147例患者进行低张充气灌肠后用16层螺旋CT进行容积平扫和增强扫描;观察内容包括:①肿瘤部位、大小;②平扫和增强的情况;③生长方式;④侵犯层次;⑤管周筋膜情况;⑥管周淋巴结有无肿大;⑦盆腔淋巴结肿大情况;⑧远处有无转移。结果:147例患者顺利完成低张直肠充气16层螺旋CT平扫和增强扫描,肠道准备满意;直肠低张充气后16层螺旋CT扫描检查出所有直肠肿瘤样病变,敏感性是100%,准确性95.77%;147例病例的影像学分期分别是:A期26例,占17.68%(26/147);B期18例,占12%(18/147);C期64例,占43.5%(64/147);D期39例占26.5%(39/147)。影像与病理Dukes分期的对比结果显示影像分期的准确性分别是:A期92%,B期94.12%,C期96.97%,D期100%。结论:低张直肠充气16层螺旋CT检查是直肠癌术前检查的较好的方法,能对直肠癌提供准确的诊断及术前分期。     

16层螺旋CT在胃癌诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨16层螺旋CT（MSCT）在胃癌诊断中的应用价值。方法对46例经胃镜组织活检证实的胃癌患者行16层螺旋CT平扫及三期（动脉期、静脉期和平衡期）动态增强扫描,分析其检查结果,并与手术病理结果相比较。结果胃癌的螺旋CT表现主要为胃壁增厚,胃壁多层结构破坏,胃腔内或外软组织肿块,伴有溃疡、胃周浸润、淋巴结转移。增强后病变胃壁异常强化,术前CT正确分期43例（93%）。结论16层螺旋CT三期动态增强扫描对胃癌患者的术前分期诊断有较高价值,对指导胃癌手术及判断预后具有重要意义。     

螺旋CT诊断胃癌及其在TNM分期中的应用价值

目的 :探讨螺旋CT对胃癌及TNM分期的诊断价值。方法 :利用螺旋CT采用统一服水量、低张剂、同样扫描方式 ,一次屏气完成兴趣区扫描 ,对 30例正常组成人进行胃壁测量 ,得出正常值作为对照组。对 30例胃癌患者进行螺旋CT征象、手术、胃镜病理结果进行回顾性分析 ,并进行TNM分期 ,17例手术患者术前评估已被证实。结果 :螺旋CT能清楚显示粘膜变化、胃癌发生部位、形态及胃壁增厚情况 ,增厚胃壁有明显强化 ,且有分层现象 ,能清晰显示 >8.0mm肿大淋巴结 ,对胃癌向周围脏器的侵犯及转移均能明确显示。对胃癌的显示率达 10 0 % ,对邻近器官的侵犯与转移显示率10 0 %。结论 :螺旋CT对胃癌的显示率及TNM分期有无可比拟的优点 ,成为胃癌很有价值的检查方法     

喉及下咽癌螺旋CT三期增强扫描的临床应用价值

目的:探讨螺旋CT三期增强扫描在喉及下咽癌术前分期及术后评价中的临床应用价值。方法:64例喉及下咽癌患者(原发肿瘤49例、术后评价15例)进行螺旋CT平扫及三期增强扫描。将结果并与纤维喉镜、手术所见对照分析。结果:螺旋CT平扫结合三期增强扫描图像对术前肿瘤分期和诊断颈部淋巴结转移的准确性分别是93.8%及95.9%;增强后肿瘤边界较增强前清晰,有助于肿瘤侵犯范围的判断,对颈部淋巴结转移的检测和判定增强扫描也明显优于平扫图像,静脉期图像对肿瘤的分期帮助最大;螺旋CT三期增强扫描有利于评价喉及下咽癌的术后状况。结论:螺旋CT平扫结合静脉期增强扫描可以更完整地提供喉及下咽癌术前分期及术后评价的全面资料。     

多层螺旋CT增强扫描及三维重组技术在肾癌TNM分期中的应用

目的 探讨螺旋CT多期增强扫描及三维重组技术在肾癌TNM分期上的应用价值.资料与方法 、对术前行CT检查并经病理证实的46例肾癌患者的三期增强扫描影像特点进行分析,对CT分期与术后病理TNM分期进行对照.结果 在T分期方面,两者具有较高的一致性(K=0.919);在M分期方面,CT分期与手术病理分期有良好的一致性(K=0.657);N分期两者一致性较差(K=0.282).结论 螺旋CT多期增强扫描及三维重组技术对T期、M期的评价准确性高,但对N期评价准确性较差.     

低张服水螺旋CT扫描对胃癌的TNM分期诊断价值

目的 探讨胃癌螺旋CT的TNM分期诊断价值。资料与方法 50例经胃镜证实的胃癌患者进行低张服水螺旋CT扫描。根据胃癌的部位，大小，范围，浸润程度，周围淋巴结及脏器转移情况进行TNM分期，并与术后病理分期对照。结果 低张服水螺旋CT对胃癌TNM分期准确性为76%，其中T分期准确性为78%，N分期准确性为62%，M分期准确性为96%。结论 低张服水螺旋CT检查的TNM分期对评估胃癌的手术方案及临床治疗有较大的价值。     

MSCT增强扫描在胃癌术前TNM分期中的临床价值

目的探讨MSCT增强扫描在进展期胃癌的诊断与分期方面的价值。方法对45临床诊断为胃癌的患者进行术前MSCT动态增强扫描,根据结果作出分期诊断,并与手术及病理TNM分期相对照。结果CT表现为胃壁多层结构破坏,淋巴结及邻近脏器的转移。MSCT的T、N、M分期准确率分别为77．8％、71．2％和68．6％。结论MSCT增强扫描术前评估进展期胃癌TNM分期准确性高,对胃癌患者术前评估有较高的临床参考价值。     

Hydro-dynamic CT preoperative staging of gastric cancer: correlation with pathological findings. A prospective study of 107 cases

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of dynamic CT in the preoperative staging of gastric cancer. One hundred seven patients affected by gastric cancer diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy were prospectively staged by dynamic CT prior to tumor resection. After an oral intake of 400–600 ml of tap water and an intravenous infusion of a hypotonic agent, 200 ml of non-ionic contrast agent were administered by power injector using a biphasic technique. The CT findings were prospectively analyzed and correlated with the pathological findings at surgery. The accuracy of dynamic CT for tumor detection was 80 and 99 % in early and advanced gastric cancer, respectively, with overall detection rate of 96 % (103 of 107). Three early (pT1) and one advanced (pT2) cancers were undetected. Tumor stage as determined by dynamic CT agreed with pathological findings in 83 of 107 patients with an overall accuracy of 78 %. The accuracy of CT in detecting increasing degrees of depth of tumor invasion when compared with pathological TNM staging was 20 % (3 of 15) and 87 % (80 of 92) in early and advanced cancer, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT in the preoperative staging (pT3–pT4 vs pT1–pT2) was 93, 90, and 91.6 %, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT in assessing metastasis to regional lymph nodes was 97.2, 65.7, and 87 %, respectively. Computed tomography correctly staged liver metastases in 105 of 107 patients with an overall sensitivity of 87.5 % and specificity of 99 %. The sensitivity of peritoneal involvement was 30 % when ascites or peritoneal nodules were absent. Our findings show that dynamic CT can play a role in the preoperative definition of gastric cancer stage. The results can be used to optimize the therapeutic strategy for each individual patient prior to surgery, thus avoiding unnecessary intervention and allowing careful planning of extended surgery in eligible patients. Received: 29 June 1999, Revised: 20 October 1999, Accepted: 22 May 2000     

16层螺旋CT在结肠癌性肠梗阻中的应用价值研究

目的:评价16层螺旋CT在结肠癌性肠梗阻中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的34例结肠癌性肠梗阻的CT表现,并与临床手术及病理结果对照。结果:MSCT对引起梗阻的肿瘤定位、定性准确率分别为100%、97%,对其TNM分期的准确率为69.7%、78.8%、100%,对其浆膜外侵犯的敏感性和特异性分别为77.8%、33.3%,对淋巴结转移的敏感性和特异性分别为80.9%、75%。结论:MSCT对引起肠梗阻的结肠癌的定位、定性准确性高,对结肠癌TNM分期判断准确性高,对评估肿瘤的可切除性及制定治疗方案具有重要意义。     

胃癌TNM分期螺旋CT与病理学的对照研究

目的:探讨胃癌螺旋CT各种征象与手术病理之间的关系。方法:对57例胃癌行低张水充盈螺旋CT三期增强扫描,并与手术病理对照。结果:螺旋CT对胃癌浸润深度、淋巴结转移和TNM分期评估的准确率分别为82.5%、78.9%和80.7%,均与手术病理一致(Kappa值分别为0.708,0.685和0.763)。结论:胃癌螺旋CT征象与手术病理之间具有相关性,可依据其影像表现特点推测出胃癌的病理学特性,从而指导手术及判断预后。     

Determining gastric cancer resectability by dynamic MDCT

Purpose

Multi-detector row CT (MDCT) has been widely used to detect primary lesions and to evaluate TNM staging. In this study we evaluated the accuracy of dynamic MDCT in the preoperative determination of the resectability of gastric cancer.

Methods

MDCT was used to image 350 cases of gastric cancer diagnosed by biopsy before surgery. MDCT findings regarding TNM staging and resectability were correlated with surgical and pathological findings.

Results

The accuracy of MDCT for staging gastric cancer was high, especially for tumour stage T1 (94.3%), lymph node stage N2 (87.3%), and for predicting distant metastases (>96.6%). When resectability was considered to be the outcome, the total accuracy of MDCT was 87.4%, sensitivity was 89.7% and specificity was 76.7%. Results showed high sensitivity for identifying peritoneal seeding (90.0%) and for predicting liver metastasis (80.0%).

Conclusion

Dynamic enhanced MDCT is useful for TNM staging of gastric cancers and for predicting tumour respectability preoperatively.     

螺旋CT扫描对胃癌淋巴结转移的术前评估

目的:评估螺旋CT扫描对显示胃癌淋巴结转移的应用价值.材料和方法:76例经上消化道造影或胃镜诊断的胃癌患者,术前行水充盈法螺旋CT三期扫描;CT所见与手术病理结果对照.结果:螺旋CT扫描对胃癌淋巴结转移显示的敏感性为70%,特异性达79.2%;淋巴结的大小、形态及强化特征有助于阳性淋巴结的诊断.结论:螺旋CT扫描术前评估胃癌淋巴结转移有较大的临床应用价值.     

64 multidetector-row computed tomography for preoperative evaluation of gastric cancer: histological correlation

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of 64 multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) in the diagnosis and staging of gastric cancer. METHODS: This study was approved by the institutional review board, and the patients involved gave informed consent. Forty-four patients (34 men and 10 women; mean age, 57 years) with gastric carcinoma underwent preoperative 64 MDCT (SOMATOM Sensation 64; Siemens Medical System, Forchheim, Germany; slice collimation, 0.6 mm; slice width, 5 mm; feed/rotation, 23 mm; pitch factor, 1.2; kernel, B30f; and gantry speed, 0.5 second per rotation). Gastric distension was achieved by ingestion of 8 g of effervescent granules. Scanning was performed during arterial and portal phases, as determined with bolus tracking and automated triggering technique after intravenous administration of 100 mL of contrast materials (4 mL/s). All computed tomography scans were retrospectively reviewed by 2 radiologists. Each tumor was staged according to the TNM classification system. All patients underwent surgery. Computed tomography results were compared with histological staging of tumor invasion depth and regional lymph node metastasis. RESULTS: The accuracy of 64 MDCT for detection of gastric cancer was 90% (18/20) and 100% (24/24) in early and advanced gastric cancer, respectively, with an overall detection rate of 95% (42/44). Its accuracy for determination of tumor penetration depth was 89% (16/18) and 88% (21/24) in early and advanced gastric cancer, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 88% (37/42). Its accuracy for determination of lymph node metastasis was 90% (18/20) and 71% (17/24) in early and advanced gastric cancer, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 80% (35/44). CONCLUSIONS: The 64 MDCT is a promising technique for the detection and preoperative staging of gastric cancer.     

MSCT三期增强扫描和后处理技术对胃癌术前分期的评价

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)对胃癌的影像学诊断及其对术前分期的价值。方法:对49例胃癌患者行16层螺旋CT三期增强扫描后,用多平面重建(MPR)和CT仿真内镜(CTVE)等后处理技术对胃癌CT图像进行术前分期评价,并与术后病理分期对照,以术后病理分期为金标准。结果:MSCT T分期:T1期诊断准确率75.00%(6/8),T2、T3、T4期准确率分别为70.59%(12/17)、68.42%(13/19)、80.00%(4/5);N分期:N0期68.75%(11/16),N1期准确率为59.10%(13/22),N2期63.64%(7/11)。M分期中除1例左锁骨上淋巴结转移未行该部位的CT扫描不计入统计之列外,其余48例M分期的准确率为M0为90.91%(40/44),M1为50.00%(2/4)。结论:16层螺旋CT三期增强扫描结合多平面重建和CT仿真内镜等后处理技术对胃癌分期的准确率较高,值得临床推广。