同步钻孔引流治疗双侧慢性硬膜下血肿

目的总结双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的治疗经验。方法回顾性分析53例双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的临床资料,病例均经头颅CT和(或)MRI扫描确诊,采用双侧同步钻孔、各置双管引流的治疗方法。结果 53例术后症状明显改善或消失。门诊随访,1~2个月后复发3例,再次行钻孔引流后治愈。结论双侧同步钻孔、各置双管引流是治疗双侧慢性硬膜下血肿简单安全有效的方法。     

慢性硬膜下血肿96例诊治体会

目的探讨慢性硬膜下血肿的诊断、治疗及提高疗效的注意事项。方法选择我科96例慢性硬膜下血肿患者，全部病例均经头颅CT扫描证实诊断、判断出血量；采用单侧或双侧钻孔、冲洗、引流的治疗方法。结果术后血肿腔引流量最少50M，最多450ml；头颅CT复查，90例（93．8％）仅见少量残存血肿（〈10ml）；创腔积气2例；4例症状加重，CT示血肿量较大，行开颅手术清除血肿；双侧血肿病例单侧钻孔的3例对侧血肿增多，行对侧钻孔引流。结论钻孔引流术是治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的首选最佳治疗方法，它创伤小、疗效显著、恢复快，对老年患者大大降低了手术风险；正确的操作是提高疗效的保证。     

慢性硬膜下血肿96例诊治体会

目的探讨慢性硬膜下血肿的诊断、治疗及提高疗效的注意事项。方法选择我科96例慢性硬膜下血肿患者,全部病例均经头颅CT扫描证实诊断、判断出血量;采用单侧或双侧钻孔、冲洗、引流的治疗方法。结果术后血肿腔引流量最少50ml,最多450ml;头颅CT复查,90例(93.8%)仅见少量残存血肿(<10ml);创腔积气2例;4例症状加重,CT示血肿量较大,行开颅手术清除血肿;双侧血肿病例单侧钻孔的3例对侧血肿增多,行对侧钻孔引流。结论钻孔引流术是治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的首选最佳治疗方法,它创伤小、疗效显著、恢复快,对老年患者大大降低了手术风险;正确的操作是提高疗效的保证。     

慢性硬膜下血肿手术治疗36例临床分析

目的探讨慢性硬膜下血肿的临床特征及手术治疗。方法总结2009年1月-2014年2月收治36例慢性硬膜下血肿的手术治疗经验。36例中行单孔钻孔引流手术者34例（单侧29例,双侧5例）,开颅血肿清除术2例。结果钻单孔引流手术34例,临床症状明显改善33例,无明显变化者1例。2例开颅行血肿及包膜清除术者恢复良好。结论慢性硬膜下血肿应及时行颅脑CT明确诊断,及时手术治疗,预后较好,钻孔引流手术首选;对于身体条件较好,CT提示血肿呈混杂密度影、血肿内有分隔及壁厚者适合开颅行血肿清除及包膜清除术。     

双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的微创治疗

目的 探讨双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的诊治方法及效果.方法 回顾性分析2001-04～2006-05收治的28例双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的临床资料,首诊即行颅脑CT检查22例（79%）,MRI检查16例（57%）.首诊误诊3例,漏诊1例.28例术前诊断均正确.治疗方法均采取局麻下行双侧钻单孔冲洗引流术.结果 27例术后均痊愈,1例出现硬膜下积液,全组无死亡病例.结论 双侧慢性硬膜下血肿确诊的首选方法是颅脑CT,必要时辅以MRI检查;双侧钻单孔微创术为首选治疗方法,效果良好.     

慢性硬膜下血肿手术治疗68例分析

目的对慢性硬膜下血肿的临床特征及手术治疗进行探讨。方法总结2007-01—2012-05收治68例慢性硬膜下血肿的手术治疗经验。68例中行钻孔引流手术者60例(单侧52例,双侧8例),单孔引流57例,行双孔引流术3例,开颅血肿清除术8例。结果钻孔引流手术60例,临床症状明显改善56例,无明显变化者2例,引流管插入脑内致轻度偏瘫1例,并发对侧急性硬膜下血肿1例。开颅行血肿及包膜清除术者仅1例因继发脑梗死家属放弃进一步治疗,余7例均恢复良好。结论慢性硬膜下血肿应及时行颅脑CT或MRI检查明确诊断,及时手术治疗,预后较好。对于身体条件较好,血肿内有分隔及壁厚,CT提示血肿呈混杂密度影伴有钙化者适合开颅行血肿清除及包膜清除术。     

神经内镜手术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿

慢性硬膜下血肿好发于老年人,传统的钻孔冲洗引流术是比较可靠的治疗方法。近年来,由于神经内镜的广泛应用,治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的手术方式有了新的进展,我们采用神经内镜治疗12例慢性硬膜下血肿,现就相关手术技术进行初步探讨。1对象与方法1.1一般资料本组男10例,女2例;年龄55～80岁,平均62岁。11例为单侧硬膜下血肿,1例为双侧硬膜下血肿。病程1～3个月。有明确外伤史者9例。1.2临床表现术前清醒10例,以头痛、恶心、呕吐为主要表现,一侧肢体偏瘫6例;失语1例;意识障碍2例,均经头部CT及强化扫描证实。1.3手术方法采用全身麻醉,根据CT片定位,…     

慢性硬脑膜下血肿的诊断与治疗体会

目的探探讨慢性硬膜下血肿的临床特点及诊治要点。方法回顾性分析经钻孔引流术治疗的97例慢性硬膜下血肿患者的临床资料。结果 97例患者均治愈出院。术后并发症包括硬膜下积液3例,颅内血肿4例,张力性气颅3例,精神障碍6例,癫痫发作4例。血肿复发5例。结论头颅CT平扫是诊断慢性硬膜下血肿的首选检查。对于有症状的慢性硬膜下血肿患者,应采取手术治疗,并积极防治手术并发症。     

双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的治疗简

目的探讨双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的治疗特点。方法回顾性分析56例双侧慢性硬膜下血肿（双侧组）和59例单侧慢性硬膜下血肿（单侧组）的治疗情况。双侧组采取双侧钻孔引流或开颅术,单侧组采取单侧钻孔引流或开颅术。结果双侧组：恢复良好39例,随访l,2年未见复发;半年内复发8例;出现并发症7例;死亡2例。单侧组：恢复良好56例,随访1～2年未见复发：半年内复发2例;出现并发症l例;无死亡病例。两组病人在年龄、头外伤史、影像学中线移位、术前合并症、口服抗凝药、术后复发和并发症例数上差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论双侧慢性硬膜下血肿病人年龄多较大,术后并发症多。手术以改善临床症状为目的,力求微创、简单、快捷、有效。     

慢性硬膜下血肿术后并发低颅压综合征1例

我科收治1例慢性硬膜下血肿术后并低颅压综合征，现报告如下。1病历报告患者，女，万岁，右侧肢体活动不灵十余天。查体：神清、表情淡漠，反应迟钝、右侧肢体肌力IV”，双侧膝反射（m），余（－）。头颅CT示：左额、颈、顶混杂密度影，中线右移约Icm，脑受压明显，顶叶压迫至原来的1／3。诊断为左侧慢性硬膜下血肿。局麻下行左额项钻孔冲洗引流术，左额顶各作一小切口钻孔，切开硬膜，发现黑褐色血液喷出，用尿管插入血肿胜，生理盐水反复冲洗直至冲洗液清亮，顶部钻孔内留置尿管、缝合切口，手术顺利。术后未见引流物，复查附、血肿腔较…     

双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的手术治疗体会

目的探讨微创穿刺外引流术治疗双侧慢性硬膜下血肿的疗效及手术技巧。方法回顾分析自2011年9月至2013年7月共采用微创穿刺外引流术治疗双侧慢性硬膜下血肿12例,并对出院患者进行随访,总结治疗效果。结果 12例患者出院前7例血肿腔消失,5例存在少量硬膜下积液。结论双侧同时微创穿刺交替冲洗外引流术治疗双侧慢性硬膜下血肿,可以有效减轻术中、术后并发症,安全有效,值得推广。     

Prospective analysis of bedside percutaneous subdural tapping for the treatment of chronic subdural haematoma in adults

OBJECTIVES: Although there is general agreement that surgery is the best treatment for chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH), the extent of the surgical intervention is not well defined. METHODS: The less invasive surgical technique of bedside percutaneous subdural tapping and spontaneous haematoma efflux after twist drill craniostomy under local anaesthesia was prospectively analysed in 118 adult patients, 99 with unilateral and 19 with bilateral CSDH. RESULTS: The mean number of subdural tappings was 3.2. Ninety two of the patients with unilateral CSDH were successfully treated by up to five subdural tappings, 95% of the patients with bilateral CSDH were successfully treated by up to 10 subdural tappings. The mean duration of inpatient treatment was 12 days. In 11 patients (9%) the treatment protocol had to be abandoned because of two acute subdural bleedings, two subdural empyemas, and seven cases of insufficient haematoma efflux and no neurological improvement. The only significant predictor for failure of the described treatment protocol was septation visible on preoperative CT. CONCLUSIONS: The described therapy protocol is-apart from a purely conservative treatment-the least invasive presently available surgical technique for treating chronic subdural haematoma. Its results are comparable with other modern treatment protocols. Thus, it can be recommended in all patients as a first and minimally invasive therapy, especially in patients in a poor general condition. Patients with septation visible on preoperative CT should be excluded from this form of treatment.     

蛛网膜囊肿合并慢性硬膜下血肿的治疗及临床分析

目的探讨蛛网膜囊肿合并慢性硬膜下血肿的临床特点及治疗方法。方法采用回顾性病例研究方法,对安徽省立医院神经外科2009年1月至2014年1月所收治的9例确诊为蛛网膜囊肿合并慢性硬膜下血肿患者进行分析,其中男6例,女3例,年龄1.5~60岁,平均23.9岁。临床表现为头痛患者8例;其中6例伴恶心、呕吐,1例伴有肢体无力,1例仅有肢体抽搐;有明确外伤史6例,无明确外伤史3例。结果9例患者中5例行颅骨钻孔硬膜下血肿引流术,5例患者术后均恢复良好,后出院;另2例行开颅硬膜下血肿清除并蛛网膜囊肿切除术,术后痊愈。2例患者行保守治疗,一月后复查头颅CT提示血肿较前缩小,患者无症状,未手术。9例患者分别随访10个月至4年,未再复发硬膜下血肿,生活质量可。结论蛛网膜囊肿合并慢性硬膜下血肿,常见于有头部外伤史的年轻患者。有明显临床症状者需手术治疗,并根据血肿量及是否合并囊内出血等,选择单纯做硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术还是同时开颅清除血肿并处理囊肿。     

Chronic subdural hematoma presenting visual disturbance: a case report]

The authors reported a rare case of chronic subdural hematoma presenting bilateral visual impairment caused by papilledema. A 49-year-old man was admitted to our department due to left blurred vision. On admission, ophthalmological examination revealed visual acuity disturbance on the left eye, bilateral nasal visual field defect and papilledema. CT scan and MRI demonstrated bilateral subdural hematoma. No remarkable findings were detected on cerebral angiography. After evacuation of bilateral subdural hematomas, his visual symptoms recovered. In this report, we discuss the mechanism of visual impairment caused by chronic subdural hematoma.     

微创穿刺联合口服阿托伐他汀治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的疗效分析

目的探讨微创穿刺联合口服阿托伐他汀治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的效果、预后及复发。 方法回顾性分析65例慢性硬膜下血肿患者,均进行微创穿刺,联合口服阿托伐他汀。 结果65例患者均一次性治愈,并发不同程度气颅12例。术后癫痫l例。 结论微创穿刺治疗慢性硬膜下血肿,具有手术时间短、操作简单、创伤小、恢复快等优点;联合口服阿托伐他汀,可有效降低复发率,改善预后,是适合临床推广的有效方法。     

右美托咪定复合地佐辛用于慢性硬膜下血肿手术患者麻醉的效果

目的观察右美托咪定复合地佐辛用于慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术的麻醉效果及安全性。方法选择行慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术患者60例,随机分为2组：右美托咪定复合地佐辛组（D组）和局部麻醉组（L组）。记录患者入室后（T0）、切皮时（T1）、钻孔时（T2）、缝皮时（T3）、手术结束时（T4）的平均动脉压（Mean arterial pressure,MAP）、心率（Hart rate,HR）、呼吸频率（Rspiratory rate,RR）、呼气末二氧化碳（End-tidal carbon dioxide,ETCO2）和改良警觉/镇静评分（Modified observer＇s assessment of alertness/sedation,MOAA/S）评分;观察术中呼吸抑制和体动反应等不良反应;评价麻醉效果和患者满意度。结果与L组比较,D组T1-4时MAP,HR降低（P〈0.05）,RR和ETCO2两组无差异;D组体动反应例数减少、MOAA/S评分低,心动过缓、低血压的例数多;麻醉效果、患者满意度高（P〈0.05）。结论右美托咪定复合地佐辛应用于慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术,可较好地维持血流动力学平稳,麻醉效果满意,患者能更好的配合手术。     

Two cases of spontaneous intracranial hypotension associated with chronic subdural hematoma only treated with burr hole irrigation of the hematomas]

We reported two cases of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) associated with bilateral chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). The patients presented with severe positional headache, aggravated by sitting or standing. Neither spinal surgery nor lumbar-tap had been performed in these patients. They were diagnosed as SIH with bilateral CSDH. Headache was aggravated and CSDHs volume increased despite conservative therapy. However, after a burr hole irrigation of hematoma, not only CSDHs but also the symptoms with SIH were completely resolved and there was no recurrence. We demonstrated that burr hole irrigation for CSDH associated with SIH might completely resolve the SIH symptom in some cases, as in the present report. The mechanism of this phenomenon was discussed.     

Subdural tension pneumocephalus after trephination for chronic subdural hematoma

Symptomatic tension pneumocephalus developed after an evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma is reported. In this 71 year-old man, a rapid deterioration of consciousness was noted 5 days after a trephination for bilateral chronic subdural hematomas. An evacuation of hematoma was performed under a local anesthesia, and the preoperative and immediate postoperative course was uneventful. Subdural tension pneumocephalus was confirmed by typical CT findings and treated by re-trephination and drainage. The literature on the tension subdural pneumocephalus was reviewed, and the mechanism of its development was briefly discussed.     

18例老年慢性分隔型硬膜下血肿微创治疗

目的 探讨慢性分隔型硬膜下血肿的影像学特征和有效的治疗方法。方法 收集我院18例慢性分隔型硬膜下血肿的临床资料，全部病例均在局麻下施行微创钻孔隔膜疏通加置管引流术。结果：血肿位于左额顶区10例，右额顶区8例。其中单分隔型6例，多分隔型12例，经上述治疗，均获满意效果，无并发症发生。结论：CT是诊断慢性分隔型硬膜下血肿的较好方法，微创钻孔隔膜疏通加置管引流治疗此型血肿，操作简单、安全、疗效可靠。