胰岛素抵抗与血脂在冠心病中的作用与关系

目的 :为探讨冠心病患者的胰岛素抵抗与血脂水平的关系 ,对 80例 (女性均为绝经 1年以上者 )经选择性冠状动脉造影证实的冠心病患者 (男 4 2例 ,女 38例 )和 70例正常对照组 (男 36例 ,女 34例 )进行对比研究。方法 :采用氧化酶法、放射免疫法同时观察空腹及餐后两小时血糖、胰岛素及胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)的变化。用酶法观测空腹总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL -C)的变化。结果 :男性冠心病组与女性冠心病组空腹血糖均无明显差异 ,空腹及糖负荷后的胰岛素较正常对照组升高 (P <0 .0 5及P <0 .0 1) ;胰岛素敏感指数明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;餐后 2h血糖高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。男性冠心病患者TC、TG、LDL -C亦均显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,HDL显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;女性冠心病患者TC、TG、LDL -C亦均高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,HDL低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :与正常对照组相比 ,无论男性或女性冠心病患者均存在高胰岛素血症、胰岛素抵抗、血脂代谢异常。它们相互影响 ,共同参与冠心病的发生与发展     

2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗与血脂水平相关性分析

目的　探讨 2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗 (IR)与脂代谢异常之间的关系。方法　测定 3 8例 2型糖尿病患者和 3 0例正常对照者空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素及脂代谢指标 ,并进行相关性分析。结果　 2型糖尿病组空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL -C)水平明显高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL -C)水平明显低于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　 2型糖尿病患者有高胰岛素血症、胰岛素抵抗和脂代谢异常     

2型糖尿病胆囊结石与游离脂肪酸及胰岛素抵抗的相关性分析

目的　探讨 2型糖尿病胆囊结石与游离脂肪酸 ,胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法　采用病例对照研究的方法 ,观察 2型糖尿病伴胆囊结石组 (DG)及不伴胆囊结石组 (NDG)各 40例。检测两组对象的体重指数、腰臀比、血脂、血糖、胰岛素 (空腹和餐后 2h)、空腹游离脂肪酸 ,计算出胰岛素抵抗指数、β细胞功能、胰岛素敏感指数等。 结果　DG与NDG组比较 ,年龄 (Age)、体重指数 (BMI)、腰臀比 (WHR)、甘油三酯 (TG)、低密度脂蛋白 (LDL c)、β细胞功能 (HOMA β)、空腹血糖(FBG)差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。DG组胆固醇 (TC)、胰岛素抵抗指数 (IR)、空腹胰岛素 (FIns)及餐后 2h血糖(2hBG)、餐后 2h胰岛素 (2hIns)、空腹游离脂肪酸 (FFA)明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,高密度脂蛋白 (HDL c)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)明显低于NDG组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,多元逐步回归分析显示 ,FBG、TG、胆囊结石、FFA是胰岛素抵抗的危险因素。结论　 2型糖尿病伴胆囊结石比不伴胆囊结石具有更明显的脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗 ,说明胆囊结石存在部分脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗。     

96例脑梗死胰岛素抵抗与血脂代谢临床分析

目的　探讨胰岛素抵抗 (IR)和高脂血症与脑梗死发病的相关性。方法　测定 96例脑梗死患者和 48例对照组空腹血胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)、血糖及胰岛素含量。以血糖和胰岛素乘积的负自然对数为胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)。结果　 96例脑梗死患者胰岛素敏感性相当于 48例对照组的 80 %(P <0 .0 1) ,证明在脑梗死患者中存在IR。无论脑梗死是何类型 ,也无论是否合并高血压或糖尿病 ,其TC、TG、LDL C均较对照组显著升高 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　IR及高脂血症与脑梗死发病有密切相关性。     

辛伐他汀对血脂异常2型糖尿病患者血糖控制的影响

目的:观察辛伐他汀对血脂异常2型糖尿病患者血糖控制的影响.方法:32例伴有血脂异常的2型糖尿病患者,给予辛伐他汀10～20mg/晚,治疗前及治疗1个月、3个月、12个月分别测量血总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)等指标.结果:血脂异常2型糖尿病患者加用辛伐他汀治疗3、12个月后空腹血糖较服用辛伐他汀治疗前有下降(P＜0.05),12个月后胰岛素敏感性有改善(P＜0.05)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)下降(P＜0.05),3、12个月后血胆固醇水平明显下降(P＜0.001).结论:辛伐他汀在降低血脂的同时具有改善胰岛素抵抗的作用.     

血脂综合指数与冠心病的关系

目的 :血清总胆固醇 (Tch)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL -C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL -C) ,这些指标目前均认为与冠心病 (CHD)危险性具有相关性。但单一因素对冠心病的诊断并不满意。因此人们提出用血脂的综合指标 (致动脉硬化指数 )对CHD诊断更有意义 ,认为它们对冠心病诊断更为敏感。本文通过对 6 4例冠心病患者和 5 4例正常对照者进行了Tch、TG、HDL -C、LDL -C、LDH -C/HDL -C、Tch/HDL -C和Tch -HDL -C/HDL -C的测定和计算 ,为CHD的诊断提供更有效的生化指标。方法 :Tch、TG、HDL -C、LDL -C测定在全自动生化分析仪进行。结果 :6 4例冠心病组血脂测定与 5 4例正常对照组比较 ,冠心病组HDL -C和LDL -C指标与对照组差别有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。血脂综合指数Tch/HDL -C、LDL -C/HDL -C和Tch -HDL/HDL -C冠心病组与正常对照者差别均有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :血脂综合指数比单一的血脂指标对冠心病的诊断更具有临床价值     

中老年2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝的临床分析

目的 :分析中老年 2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝的相关因素。方法 :检测中老年 2型糖尿病并发和不并发脂肪肝的患者空腹血糖 (FBG)、甘油三酯 (TG)、胆固醇 (TC)、高密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (HDL -C)、低高密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (LDL -C)、体重指数 (BMI)、腰 臀围比值 (WHR)等指标 ,同时检查是否合并其他糖尿病慢性并发症。结果 :脂肪肝组与非脂肪肝组比较 ,血TG增高、HDL -C降低 ,具有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,且脂肪肝组腹型肥胖者及冠心病发生率高。结论 :中老年 2型糖尿病患者中脂肪肝的发生与高TG血症、腹型肥胖密切相关 ,常与冠心病合并存在 ,肥胖、脂质异常、胰岛素抵抗可能为脂肪肝、冠心病的共同病因 ,因此减肥、降脂、改善胰岛素抵抗 ,对防治糖尿病性脂肪肝有重要意义     

Ⅱ型糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗及肥胖与脂肪肝关系的临床研究

目的　探讨Ⅱ型糖尿病 (T2DM)、胰岛素抵抗 (IR)、肥胖与脂肪肝 (FL)之间的关系。方法　将 173例T2DM患者分为FL组和无FL组 ,对体重指数 (BMI) ,甘油三脂 (TG) ,总胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白 (HDL)、高密度脂蛋白 (LDL)、空腹血糖 (FBG)、餐后 2小时血糖 ( 2hBG)、空腹胰岛素 (FINS)、餐后 2小时胰岛素 ( 2hINS)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)及胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)进行对照并分别与正常对照组比较。结果　T2DM并FL组与无FL组相比较 ,TG、LDL、FINS、2hINS、ISI有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而FL组及无FL组分别与正常组对照除HDL外均有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　T2DM并FL患者在明显脂代谢紊乱及IR ,提示IR在T2DM、肥胖及FL之间的发生和发展起着重要的作用。     

血脂康对2型糖尿病糖、脂代谢及血小板活化功能的影响

目的 :探讨血脂康对 2型糖尿病患者血小板活化功能及糖脂代谢的影响。方法 :将 6 5例 2型糖尿病患者分为高脂血症组 (31例 )和正常血脂组 (34例 ) ,测定患者的血小板表面α-颗粒膜蛋白 (GMP - 14 0 )、血小板血栓烷素B2 (TXB2 )及血糖、血清胰岛素水平 ,计算胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI) ,对伴有高脂血症者用血脂康治疗 8周后重复测定上述指标。结果 :伴高脂血症者的GMP - 14 0、TXB2 及血甘油三酯 (TG)、血总胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (LDL -C)较正常血脂者明显升高 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1) ,ISI及高密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (HDL -C)明显降低 (P <0 0 1) ;伴高脂血症者经过血脂康治疗 8周后TG、TC、LDL -C及GMP - 14 0、TXB2 较治疗前降低 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1) ,HDL -C及ISI较治疗前明显升高 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :血脂康对伴高脂血症的 2型糖尿病患者在调脂治疗的同时可降低血小板活性 ,改善胰岛素抵抗     

冠心病与血清胆红素关系的探讨

目的 :观察血清胆红素、血脂水平与老年冠心病发病的关系。方法 :选择冠心病患者 48例及年龄、性别相当的正常对照者 30例 ,晨起采集空腹血 ,检测血清总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素及总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL -C) ,低密度脂蛋白 (LDL -C)。结果 :冠心病组胆红素显著低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,结论 :血清胆红素水平降低时冠心病发病率会有较明显上升     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.