抗心律失常药研究Ⅱ——1-对甲苯基-2-取代四氢异喹啉衍生物的合成

报道了7个2-烷胺乙酰和2-烷胺乙基-1-对甲苯基四氢异喹啉衍生物的合成。在制备1-对甲苯基-3,4-二氢异喹啉中,改进反应条件,P_2O_5用量由原来1∶5mol减少到1∶1.1mol,收率不受影响,简化后处理操作。化合物经乌头碱致大鼠心律失常模型初步试验结果,均具有抗心律失常活性,其中化合物Ⅱa-2的抗室性心律失常作用和对心脏毒性优于安搏律定。     

取代异喹啉与喹啉衍生物的合成及其生物活性

为寻找高效抗血小板药物,本文依据某些天然和合成的抗血小板药物的构效关系,设计合成了7-取代异喹啉、8-取代喹啉和烯胺及肟醚的衍生物共16个。初步药理试验表明,大部分化合物对胶原诱导的兔血小板聚集有不同程度的抑制作用。体内试验显示,化合物I_(10),I_4,I_7等对花生四烯酸引起的小白鼠突然死亡有一定的保护作用,其中I_(10)作用最强,在10mg/kg剂量下保护率为72.5%。     

1-对-丁氧苯基-2-烷氨乙酰基四氢异喹啉衍生物的合成及其钙拮抗作用

以甲苯喹哌为先导化合物,设计并合成了4个1-对-丁氧苯基-2-烷氨乙酰基四氢异喹啉衍生物,经豚鼠结肠带标本测定均具钙拮抗作用,其中化合物I-1和I-4的IC_(50)分别为33.25±11.6μmol/L和28.3±5μmoi/L,比Bu-MDI为强。4个化合物均有抗CaCl_2致大鼠心律失常作用,其中以I-4作用最强。     

异喹啉类生物碱的生物活性和构效关系研究进展

异喹啉类生物碱在自然界中分布广泛。由于其结构多样因此具有广泛的生理活性,包括抗菌、抗肿瘤、镇痛、抗心律失常、抗血小板聚集、降压、调节免疫等功能。此类生物碱的药理活性以及构效关系研究一直广为科研人员所关注。主要综述了近10年来异喹啉类生物碱在抗菌、抗氧化、抗疟、抗肿瘤、抗HIV方面的生理活性以及构效关系等研究的新进展,旨在发掘新的特征性基团或结构,为寻找活性先导化合物、合理设计药物分子提供依据。     

HMEDV描述法对氨基喹啉类抗疟药活性预测

目的:研究氨基喹啉类化合物抗疟原虫活性的定量构效关系.方法:应用按氢分类的分子电距矢量描述40个氨基喹啉类化合物的分子结构,运用多元线性回归方法,对其抗疟原虫活性进行定量构效关系研究.结果:对于两组抗疟原虫活性数据所得结果相关系数分别为0.920和0.910.结论:说明所建立的多参数模型稳定并具有良好的估计和预测能力.     

三种抗心律失常药对心房及房室传导系统不应期的影响

研究目的探讨胺碘酮、安搏律定、心律平对心房及房室传导系统不应期的影响。研究背景目前抗心律失常药物种类繁多,为提高临床用药的准确性,我们对三种抗心律失常药进行临床电生理研究,为临床正确选用抗心律失常药物提供理论依据。处理方法对90例患者以随机法分为三组,每组30例,分别服用胺碘酮、安搏律定、心律平。用食道调搏法测定服药前后心房及房室传导系统有效不应期。对结果采用方差分析处理。结果胺碘酮、安搏律定、心律平均可不同程度地延长心房有效不应期。其组间对照无统计学意义。胺碘酮使房室传导系统有效不应期显著延长(P<0.05),安搏律定使之缩短,心律平使之轻度延长。但后二者服药前后自身对照无显著差异。结论对房性主动性心律失常,三种药物均可选用,心律平的副作用小,应首选。交界性主动性心律失常胺碘酮作用明显。     

异紫堇定对实验性心律失常的作用

昆明植物研究所从紫金龙根中分离得3种生物碱.其中之一为异紫堇定.得量较多。关于异紫堇定(Isocorydine)对离体血管条的解痉作用,我室曾有研究报告。其化学结构与罂粟碱相以。罂粟碱其及衍生物——戊脉安(Verapamil),都具有抗心律失常作用。因此研究异紫堇定对实验性心律失常的作用,具有重要意义。     

1-(对羟苄基)-N-甲基-6-甲氧基-7-羟基异喹啉对α肾上腺素受体的作用

1-(对羟苄基)-N-甲基-6-甲氧基-7-羟基异喹啉(BMIQ),该室曾发现具有抗心律失常作用,为研究它对α肾上腺素受体的作用,本文作者采用大鼠离体和整体标本进行了此项研究。离体实验采用大鼠输精管和肛尾肌,在大鼠输精管上,BMIQ10μmol/L和盐酸育亨宾(YHB)1μmol/L都能使盐酸可乐定(CLN)的量效曲线平行右移,最大反应不变,表明二者均能竞争性地阻断突触前α_2受体,其pA_2值分     

具有抗肿瘤活性的茚并异喹啉类化合物研究进展

茚并异喹啉是一类具有抗肿瘤活性的化合物,这类化合物可以克服喜树碱类拓扑异构酶Ⅰ(topoisomerase I,Top1)抑制剂的缺陷,获得活性更加稳定、毒性更小的抗肿瘤化合物。近来发现茚并异喹啉类化合物还具有Top1和酪氨酸-DNA磷酸二酯酶(tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I,Tdp1)双重抑制作用和潜在的肿瘤预防作用。本文简要介绍了Top1抑制剂的作用机制和茚并异喹啉类的作用优势,重点综述了近年来出现的一些茚并异喹啉酮类化合物的构效关系及研究成果。     

新型四氢异喹啉类化合物的合成及其抗真菌和抗生育活性研究?

目的:设计合成新型四氢异喹啉类化合物,寻找具有抗真菌和抗生育双重作用的化合物,为研究具有抗真菌作用的避孕药物提供先导结构.方法:以3,4-二甲氧基苯乙胺为原料,经Pictet-Spengler 反应、碱中和、取代反应、HBr裂解反应制得目标化合物并进行体外抑菌实验和杀精实验. 结果:共合成14个目标化合物,它们是2-正辛烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐(1)、2-正壬烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐(2)、2-正癸烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐(3)、2-正十二烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐(4)、2-正十二烷基-6,7-二乙酰氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐(5)、2-正戊烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(6)、2-正己烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(7)、2-正庚烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(8)、2-正辛烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(9)、2-正壬烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(10)、2-正癸烷基-6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(11)、2-正十二烷基-6,7-二羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(12)、2-正十四烷基-6,7-二羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(13)、2-十六烷基-6,7-二羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉氢溴酸盐(14),其中化合物5～14均未见文献报道.实验结果显示,所有目标化合物均有抗真菌活性, 6个目标化合物具有抗真菌和抗生育双重作用,其中化合物11、12的活性最强.结论:发现一类具有抗真菌和抗生育双重作用的新型四氢异喹啉类化合物,为研究开发具有抗真菌活性的避孕药提供了先导结构.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.