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1.
目的 了解芦山地震后6年雅安市城市老年人抑郁症状检出率及特点,为灾难性事件后老年人群心理干预提供参考。方法 采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,于2019年3月-4月选取雅安市城市老年人(年龄≥60岁)885名为研究对象,采用自制一般信息调查表收集老年人一般人口学资料、健康状况以及受灾情况,采用老年抑郁量表(GDS-30)评估其抑郁症状。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析城市老年人抑郁症状的影响因素。结果 共回收有效问卷783份,有效问卷回收率为88.47%,检出存在抑郁症状者161例(20.56%);不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、家庭关系、家庭人均月收入、身体锻炼情况、健康状况、生活自理情况、睡眠状况、受灾程度的城市老年人抑郁症状检出率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=1.552,P=0.040)、家庭人均月收入2000~3000元(OR=6.982,P<0.01)、家庭人均月收入≤2000元(OR=6.857,P<0.01)、无身体锻炼情况(OR=1.693,P<0.01)、生活部分自理(OR=3.838,P<0.01)、生活不能自理(OR=8.547,P<0.01)、多病可治愈(OR=4.892,P<0.01)、久病难治(OR=5.657,P=0.031)的老年人出现抑郁症状的风险较高;相比于离异和丧偶者,已婚老年人出现抑郁症状的风险更低(OR=0.063,P<0.01)。结论 芦山地震后6年雅安市城市老年人抑郁症状检出率较高,其中女性、家庭人均月收入低、无身体锻炼情况、生活不能完全自理、健康状况差为出现抑郁症状的危险因素,已婚为保护因素。  相似文献   

2.
背景 伴抑郁症状的老年白内障患者自我感受负担较重,术后视觉相关生活质量较无抑郁症状的患者更差,家庭负担更重。既往研究多认为家庭关系、视力等是导致老年白内障患者出现抑郁症状的主要因素,自我感受、合并疾病等对老年白内障患者心理状态的影响研究有限。目的 探讨老年白内障患者抑郁症状与自我感受负担和术后视觉相关生活质量的关系,分析患者抑郁症状的危险因素,对其进行针对性的心理干预提供参考。方法 连续纳入2020年7月1日—2022年12月31日在江苏省人民医院(南京医科大学第一附属医院)住院治疗的老年白内障患者104例,采用自编调查问卷收集患者基本资料,采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、自我感受负担量表(SPBS)、25项美国国家眼科研究所视功能问卷(NEI-VFQ-25)评定患者抑郁症状、自我感受负担以及术后视觉相关生活质量水平。采用Pearson相关分析考查伴抑郁症状的老年白内障患者PHQ-9、SPBS、NEI-VFQ-25评分的相关性,采用Logistic回归分析老年白内障患者抑郁症状的影响因素。结果 共100例老年白内障患者完成有效问卷调查,检出31例(31.00%)患者存在抑郁症状。抑郁组SPBS评分高于无抑郁组(t=11.062,P<0.01),NEI-VFQ-25评分低于无抑郁组(t=-5.235,P<0.01)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,伴抑郁症状的老年白内障患者PHQ-9评分与SPBS评分呈正相关(r=0.485,P<0.01),与NEI-VFQ-25评分呈负相关(r=-0.440,P<0.01)。合并糖尿病(OR=1.441,P<0.01)、合并骨关节炎(OR=1.324,P<0.05)和高SPBS评分(OR=1.340,P<0.05)是老年白内障患者出现抑郁症状的危险因素。结论 老年白内障患者抑郁症状检出率较高;伴抑郁症状的老年白内障患者术后视觉相关生活质量更低;合并糖尿病、骨关节炎以及自我感受负担较重是老年白内障患者出现抑郁症状的危险因素。  相似文献   

3.
目的 调查医学生偏头痛患者睡眠时间不足的发生率及影响因素,为改善睡眠质量提供参考。方法 采用整群抽样方法,于2018年7月-2019年7月选取川北医学院在校医学生中符合《国际头痛疾病分类(第3版)》(ICHD-3)偏头痛诊断标准的546名患者为研究对象,并根据每夜睡眠时间是否>6 h分为睡眠时间充足组(n=367)与睡眠时间不足组(n=179)。收集医学生一般人口学资料及临床资料,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评定睡眠情况,采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表24项版(HAMD-24)评定焦虑抑郁情况,采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)和头痛影响测试量表(HIT-6)评定头痛严重程度及其对日常生活的影响。采用Logistic回归分析探索偏头痛患者睡眠时间不足的影响因素。结果 在546名医学生偏头痛患者中,有179人(32.78%)存在睡眠时间不足。睡眠时间不足组和睡眠时间充足组的年龄(t=2.107)、头痛频率(Z=-2.972)、焦虑状态(χ2=14.053)、抑郁状态(χ2=10.773)、PSQI评分(t=-13.247)及睡眠质量(χ2=94.754)差异均有统计学意义(P?0.05或0.01)。相关分析显示,偏头痛患者睡眠时间与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.100,P<0.01),与头痛频率、焦虑状态、抑郁状态呈正相关(r=0.135、0.169、0.139,P均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=0.860,95% CI:0.743~0.996,P=0.045)、头痛频率(OR=1.051,95% CI:1.006~1.098,P=0.026)、抑郁状态(OR=1.712,95% CI:1.024~2.861,P=0.040)是医学生偏头痛患者睡眠时间不足的影响因素。结论 医学生偏头痛患者睡眠时间不足的发生率较高,头痛频率高和抑郁状态是其危险因素,年龄是保护因素。  相似文献   

4.
目的 调查在新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控下社区居民的心理健康状况并分析其相关因素。方法 本研究为横断面调查,采用滚雪球抽样法,于2020年8月28日-9月7日通过问卷星网络平台向居民发放调查问卷。采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、失眠严重程度指数量表(ISI)及中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS)评估居民的心理健康状况。结果 476名居民抑郁、焦虑、失眠及高水平压力症状检出率分别为32.35%、21.22%、24.58%及48.74%。男性高水平压力症状检出率高于女性(χ2=5.269),未婚、离异或丧偶居民的抑郁及焦虑症状检出率均高于已婚居民(χ2=5.251、8.851),有心理服务需求的居民抑郁、焦虑、失眠及高水平压力症状检出率均高于无此需求的居民(χ2=46.316、66.934、20.153、21.576),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。相关分析显示,社区居民年龄与CPSS评分呈负相关(r=-0.171,P<0.01),睡眠时间与PHQ-9、GAD-7及ISI评分均呈负相关(r=-0.210、-0.247、-0.297,P均<0.01),关注疫情信息时长与ISI评分呈负相关(r=-0.097,P<0.05)。结论 在疫情常态化防控下,居民的抑郁、焦虑、失眠及高水平压力症状仍较常见。男性和年轻居民更有可能出现高水平压力症状,睡眠时间短和有心理服务需求的居民更有可能出现抑郁、焦虑及失眠症状,关注疫情信息时长越短越有可能出现失眠症状。  相似文献   

5.
目的 比较青少年抑郁障碍患者和双相情感障碍患者睡眠结构特征的差异,探讨睡眠指标等因素对患者自杀风险的影响。方法 回顾性查阅广州医科大学附属脑科医院2019年1月1日-2021年6月30日符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)诊断标准的抑郁障碍(n=97)和双相情感障碍(n=52)住院青少年患者病历资料,收集患者的年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、精神科诊断、自杀风险评估量表(NGASR)评分及多导睡眠监测(PSG)结果。根据NGASR评分结果,将患者分为两组:0~5分为自杀低风险组(n=32),>5分为自杀高风险组(n=117)。以既往文献中80例正常青少年的PSG数据作为对照组资料。建立多元线性回归模型探讨青少年情感障碍患者自杀风险的影响因素。结果 自杀高风险组睡眠效率和N2期睡眠占比均低于自杀低风险组(Z=-2.138、-2.520,P均<0.05)。抑郁组总睡眠时间、N2期睡眠时间以及REM期睡眠时间均少于双相组(t=-2.822、-3.087、-2.277,P<0.05或0.01);抑郁组和双相组REM期睡眠占比均低于对照组(t=-2.369、-2.069,P均<0.05)。线性回归分析显示,青少年情感障碍患者自杀风险的影响因素包括N1期睡眠时间(β=0.019,P<0.05)、性别(男性vs.女性,β=-4.051,P<0.01)以及诊断(双相情感障碍vs.抑郁障碍,β=-1.429,P<0.05)。结论 与青少年双相情感障碍患者相比,青少年抑郁障碍患者存在睡眠连续性差、浅睡眠更少的特点。N1期睡眠时间、女性以及诊断为抑郁障碍是青少年情感障碍患者自杀的影响因素。  相似文献   

6.
目的 分析抗抑郁药临床试验受试者脱落情况,讨论受试者脱落的影响因素。方法 对广州医科大学附属脑科医院2013年-2020年完成的9项抗抑郁药临床试验受试者资料进行回顾性分析,采用自编调查表采集受试者人口学资料、疾病特点及试验完成情况,分析受试者的脱落情况及影响因素。结果 共入组157例,完成120例,脱落37例。脱落原因分别为:疗效差13例(35.14%),发生不良反应12例(32.43%),撤回知情同意书8例(21.62%),失访4例(10.81%)。相关分析结果显示,受试者脱落与焦虑程度(r=0.224,P<0.01)和不良事件(r=0.158,P<0.05)呈正相关,与受教育程度(r=-0.209,P<0.01)和总体疗效(r=-0.545,P<0.01)呈负相关。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,受教育程度(β=-0.611,OR=0.543,P<0.05)、就诊次数(β=-1.831,OR=0.160,P<0.01)和总体疗效(β=-2.286,OR=0.102,P<0.01)是受试者脱落的影响因素。结论 受教育程度低、首次就诊、疗效不佳、焦虑程度重以及发生不良事件是抗抑郁药临床试验受试者脱落的影响因素。  相似文献   

7.
目的 了解综合医院非精神科住院患者心理健康状况并分析其影响因素,为非精神科住院患者心理健康问题的筛查识别及构建干预模式提供参考。方法 采用横断面调查法,选取广州市某三级甲等综合医院916例非精神科住院患者为研究对象,采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)及哥伦比亚自杀严重程度评定量表(C-SSRS)评定住院患者的抑郁、焦虑、失眠状况和自杀风险,通过单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析筛选可能影响患者心理健康状况的因素。结果 共检出339例心理健康问题阳性的住院患者,阳性检出率为37.0%。心理健康各维度阳性检出情况:抑郁218例(23.8%),焦虑141例(15.4%),失眠257例(28.1%),自杀意念42例(4.6%),自杀行为7例(0.8%)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示:女性(OR=1.379,P<0.05)是心理健康筛查阳性的危险因素。有序Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄≥60岁(OR=1.542,P<0.05)和未婚(OR=2.055,P<0.05)是抑郁严重程度的危险因素,受教育程度为高中至大专(OR=0.524,P<0.05)是抑郁严重程度的保护因素;女性(OR=1.472,P<0.05)是失眠严重程度的危险因素。结论 综合医院非精神科住院患者的心理问题较常见,主要受性别、年龄、婚姻状况和受教育程度的影响。  相似文献   

8.
目的 探究焦虑、抑郁情绪对医学生网络游戏障碍的影响以及性别在其中的调节效应,为预防和干预医学生网络游戏障碍提供参考。方法 于2021年11月,选取四川省某医学院校11 771名医学生作为研究对象,通过问卷星网络平台,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和简式网络游戏障碍量表(IGDS9-SF)进行评定,采用多元分层回归分析性别在焦虑、抑郁情绪和网络游戏障碍关系中的调节作用。结果 ①男生SDS评分低于女生(t=-8.302,P<0.01),IGDS9-SF评分高于女生(t=33.384,P<0.01)。②医学生SAS评分与SDS评分呈正相关(r=0.735,P<0.01),SAS和SDS评分与IGDS9-SF评分均呈正相关(r=0.288、0.238,P均<0.01)。③焦虑、抑郁情绪可以正向预测网络游戏障碍(β=0.245、0.058,t=18.864、4.444,P均<0.01)。④性别在焦虑情绪与网络游戏障碍之间具有调节作用(β=-0.194,t=-4.518,P<0.01)。结论 焦虑、抑郁情绪对医学生网络游戏障碍有正向预测作用。焦虑情绪对医学生网络游戏障碍的影响受到性别的调节,相比于女生,焦虑情绪对男生网络游戏障碍的影响更大。  相似文献   

9.
背景 精神科危重症患者谵妄发生率较高,且影响谵妄发生的因素较多。目前针对精神专科医院危重症患者谵妄的流行病学研究有限。目的 探索精神专科医院危重症患者谵妄发生的影响因素,以指导临床对谵妄的管理。方法 回顾性收集2019年1月1日-2021年5月31日在深圳市康宁医院住院的427例危重症患者的谵妄发生情况、性别、年龄、入院前病程(指患者始发急性精神状态变化至登记入住精神专科医院的时间)、精神疾病史、认知功能障碍病史、精神活性物质使用史、镇静催眠药使用史、合并慢性病数、合并用药数以及病种类型等信息。采用单因素Logistic回归分析谵妄发生的可能危险因素,将可能的危险因素纳入多因素Logistic回归分析模型,逐步筛选出精神专科医院危重症患者谵妄发生的危险因素。结果 在427例危重症患者中,143例(33.49%)存在谵妄。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,使用精神活性物质所致的精神和行为障碍(OR=8.949,P<0.01)、无精神病病史(OR=4.202,P<0.01)、合并慢性病数(OR=1.249,P<0.01)、年龄(OR=1.031,P<0.01)以及入院前病程(OR=0.942,P<0.01)与谵妄发生相关。结论 在精神专科医院中,约1/3的危重症患者存在谵妄,入院前病程较短、年龄较大、合并慢性疾病数多、无精神疾病史、使用精神活性物质所致的精神和行为障碍是谵妄发生的危险因素。  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨2019年新冠肺炎(COVID-19)流行期间安徽省青少年的焦虑现状及其影响因素,以期为后期进行针对性干预提供参考,保护青少年心理健康。方法 于2020年2月13日-19日,以网上问卷的形式采用自编的一般情况调查表、新冠肺炎相关认知调查表以及儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查量表(SCARED)对安徽省青少年进行调查,共收回有效问卷973份。结果 焦虑症状检出率为27.13%,其中男性SCARED中的广泛性焦虑评分较全国常模低[(3.31±3.53)分vs.(3.84±3.24)分],男性社交恐怖评分较全国常模高[(4.35±3.43)分vs.(3.72±2.94)分],女性躯体化评分[(4.25±4.59)分vs.(3.52±2.74)分]、社交恐怖评分[(5.52±3.55)分vs.(4.17±3.13)分]、学校恐怖评分[(1.18±1.58)分vs.(0.85±1.11)分]以及总评分[(18.99±13.83)分vs.(16.23±9.53)分]均较全国常模高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01);单因素分析显示,性别、身体健康状况、第一次了解疫情的途径、负面消息占比以及不实信息占比会对焦虑症状检出率造成影响(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=2.04,P<0.01)、身体状况不佳(OR=2.12,P<0.01)、负面消息占比高(OR=4.28,P<0.01)是青少年焦虑的危险因素。结论 新冠肺炎流行期间,安徽省青少年社交恐怖程度普遍较高,其中女性、目前身体状况不佳以及负面信息占比高是其焦虑症状的危险因素。  相似文献   

11.
本文目的是对沙盘游戏疗法在地中海贫血患儿心理干预中的应用进行综述,以期为地中海贫血患儿的心理康复提供参考。地中海贫血是以珠蛋白生成障碍为主要特征的遗传性疾病,由于长期输血治疗,患儿存在较多的心理和行为问题。沙盘游戏疗法作为一种有效、实用的儿童心理治疗方法,对提高地中海贫血患儿的康复效果、改善生存质量有重要的临床意义。  相似文献   

12.
本文目的是探讨癫痫共病抑郁的可能机制及临床诊疗。癫痫是一种常见的、慢性的、致残性的神经疾病,癫痫患者生活质量下降,存在明显的负性情绪,常伴发各种精神疾病。癫痫与抑郁具有共同的神经生物学基础,可能存在共同的发病机制。本文从癫痫共病抑郁的发病机制、临床诊断及治疗方面予以总结归纳。  相似文献   

13.
Decades of intervention research have produced a rich body of evidence on the effects of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies with children and adolescents. Here we summarize and critique that evidence. We review findings bearing on the efficacy of psychosocial treatments and medications under controlled experimental conditions. We also report evidence, where available, on the effectiveness of both classes of treatment with clinically referred youth treated in real-world clinical contexts. In general, the large body of evidence on efficacy contrasts sharply with the small base of evidence on effectiveness. Addressing this gap through an enriched research agenda could contribute importantly to linking scientific inquiry and clinical practice—to the benefit of both ventures. This is one element of a multifaceted agenda for future research and for synthesis of research, which will require the interplay of multiple disciplines related to child and adolescent mental health.  相似文献   

14.
In culturally diverse and immigrant receiving societies, immigrant youth can be subject to prejudice and discrimination. Such experiences can impact on immigrant youth’s cultural identity and influence their psychosocial outcomes. This paper presents findings of a study that examined cultural identity and experiences of prejudice and discrimination among Afghan (N = 9) and Iranian (N = 17) immigrant youth in Canada. The study had a prospective, comparative, longitudinal qualitative design. Data was gathered through focus groups, interviews, journals and field logs. Four main themes emerged on participants’ experiences of prejudice and discrimination: (a) societal factors influencing prejudice; (b) personal experiences of discrimination; (c) fear of disclosure and silenced cultural identity; and (d) resiliency and strength of cultural identity. Drawing from Rosenberg’s (Conceiving the self, Basic Books, New York, 1979) self-concept framework and Romero and Roberts (J. Adolesc., 21:641–656, 1998) distinction between prejudice and discrimination, results indicated that youth’s extant and presenting cultural identity were affected. Inclusive policies and practices are needed to promote youth integration in multicultural and immigrant receiving settings.
Nazilla KhanlouEmail:
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15.
本文目的是探讨发作性睡病与异态睡眠的诊断与治疗.发作性睡病被漏诊和误诊的几率较高,危害较大,共患异态睡眠比例高.文章从发作性睡病临床特征、REM睡眠的作用、发作性睡病与异态睡眠(睡眠瘫痪、睡眠幻觉、快眼动睡眠期行为障碍)共病特征及治疗这四个方面进行了讨论.  相似文献   

16.
小胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞前体的培养和鉴定   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的 探讨新生大鼠脑组织小胶质细胞(MG)和少突胶质细胞(OL)前体的分离和体外培养方法 . 方法 取新生2 d SD大鼠脑组织,体外原代培养混合胶质细胞7 d后,分别采用"改良振荡伴差速贴壁"法和"营养缺失伴振荡"法纯化培养MG和OL前体,并分别应用免疫荧光染色异凝集素-B4(IB4)和OL前体标记物(O4)进行鉴定.结果 混合胶质细胞培养7 d后呈明显三层增长,其中MG位于上层,星型胶质细胞位于底层,两者之间为2型少突星型(O2A)祖细胞.纯化培养后OL前体胞体呈小圆形,有双极或三极突起,MG则以阿米巴形、圆形居多,或边缘呈毛刺状.免疫荧光染色IB4显示绿色荧光,MG纯度达到90%以上.免疫荧光染色O4显示棕黄色荧光,OL前体纯度达到95%以上. 结论 采用"改良振荡伴差速贴壁"法以及"营养缺失伴振荡"法分别成功获取大量纯度高、活力好的MG和OL前体.  相似文献   

17.
OBJECTIVE: Using predetermined criteria for study quality and methods, a literature review and meta-analysis of seven reports about pediatric bipolar disorder (BPD) was conducted to determine if there is a consistent picture of the phenomenology and clinical characteristics of BPD in children and adolescents. METHODS: Searches were conducted in MedLine and PsycINFO using the terms mania, BPD, children and adolescents, and was limited to published articles in peer-reviewed journals. Seven reports were selected that met the following criteria: a systematic method for the elicitation and reporting of symptoms and clinical characteristics of subjects; subjects were interviewed by a trained researcher or clinician; ages 5-18 years; use of a diagnostic system, either DSM or RDC for categorization; a consensus method for the establishment of the diagnosis of BPD. RESULTS: Most DSM-IV symptoms of mania were common in the children and adolescents with BPD with the most common symptoms being increased energy, distractibility, and pressured speech. On average, four of five bipolar cases also showed threshold levels of irritable mood and grandiosity, and more than 70% of all cases showed elated/euphoric mood, decreased need for sleep, or racing thoughts. Roughly 69% of cases also showed poor judgment, whereas only half of bipolar cases demonstrated flight of ideas, and slightly more than one-third showed hypersexuality or psychotic features. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical picture that emerges is that of children or adolescents with periods of increased energy (mania or hypomania), accompanied by distractibility, pressured speech, irritability, grandiosity, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep and euphoria/elation.  相似文献   

18.
This study evaluates the effects of agonists and antagonists of cholecystokinin (CCK) on contractile and myoelectrical activity in isolated longitudinal muscle strips from colon or ileum of guinea pigs or beagle dogs. Caerulein and CCK-8 caused a dose-dependent increase of contractile and myoelectrical spike activity in both species with maximal effects seen between 10−8 and 3 × 10−8 M. The dose responses were identical for both CCK agonists and species. The dose-related effects of CCK compounds on colonic muscle were slightly shifted to the right when compared to ileum in both species. All antagonists, the proglumide-derivatives CR1409, CR1392, and CR1505, as well as the nonpeptide substances asperlicin and L-364,718, caused a parallel rightward shift of CCK's dose-dependent motor activity response, indicating the competitive nature of inhibition. The antagonists displayed a rank order of potency in antagonizing CCK's action on intestinal motility similar to their ability to antagonize CCK's action on pancreas and gallbladder. L-364,718 was the most potent antagonist, followed by CR1409, CR1505, CR1392, asperlicin, and proglumide. The antagonists did not affect contractile or myoelectrical responses to acetylcholine, histamine, motilin, or substance P. Thus compounds that have been described as CCK antagonists for pancreas and gallbladder also act as specific and competitive antagonists of CCK's action on contractile and myoelectrical activity of Heal and colonie muscle.  相似文献   

19.
Ströhle A 《Der Nervenarzt》2003,74(3):279-91; quiz 292
Clinical and preclinical studies have gathered substantial evidence that stress response alterations play a major role in the development of major depression, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The stress response, the hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) system and its modulation by corticotropin-releasing hormones (CRH),corticosteroids,and their receptors, and the roles of natriuretic peptides and neuroactive steroids are described. We review the role of the HPA system in major depression, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder and its possible relevance for treatment. Impaired glucocorticoid receptor function in major depression is associated with an excessive release of neurohormones such as CRH, to which a number of signs and symptoms characteristic of depression can be ascribed. In panic disorder, a role of central CRH in panic attacks has been suggested. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is causally involved in sodium lactate-induced panic attacks. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical data on its anxiolytic activity suggest that nonpeptidergic ANP receptor ligands may be potentially useful in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Post-traumatic stress disorder is characterized by a peripheral hyporesponsive HPA system and elevated CRH concentrations in the CSF. This dissociation is probably related to an increased risk of this disorder. We further review recent data that describe an important role of GABA(A)-receptor modulatory,3 alpha-reduced neuroactive steroids in major depression, anxiety, and its treatment. Antidepressants are effective in both depression and anxiety disorders and have major effects on the HPA system,especially on glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Normalization of HPA system abnormalities is a strong predictor of the clinical course, at least in major depression and panic disorder. Currently,CRH-R1 or glucocorticoid receptor antagonists and ANP receptor agonists are being studied and may provide future treatment options more closely related to the pathophysiology of these disorders.  相似文献   

20.
Injuries from lightning and electrical injuries involve multiple systems of the body, however neurological symptoms are very widely reported. A disabling neuropsychological syndrome is also noted.This paper presents a comprehensive review of neurological and neuropsychological symptoms. Partial theories of causation for these injuries have been advanced, however, there is no convincing explanation for both delay in onset of symptoms and also the genesis of the neuropsychological syndrome. A theory of causation is proposed which satisfies both these constraints.This theory suggests circulating hormones such as cortisol, together with nitric oxide and oxidant free radicals from glutamatergic hyper-stimulation, act on tissues remote from the injury path including the hippocampus.This theory opens a research path to explore treat-ment options.  相似文献   

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