推拿对坐骨神经损伤大鼠神经生长因子及其受体TrkA的影响

目的观察推拿对坐骨神经损伤大鼠行为学、神经生长因子(NGF)及其酪氨酸激酶受体(Tr-kA)的影响,探讨推拿治疗坐骨神经损伤的生物学机制。方法采用神经夹持损伤的方式建立大鼠坐骨神经损伤模型,通过斜板实验、热痛阈实验观察正常组、假手术组、模型组、对照组、推拿组大鼠的行为学变化;通过免疫组织化学染色观察各组大鼠脊髓内NGF及TrkA表达情况,进而统计分析各组间的差异。结果模型组和对照组大鼠行为学检测表明坐骨神经损伤后大鼠的运动及感觉功能明显降低(P<0.05),推拿治疗后斜板实验及热痛阈实验评分明显升高(P<0.05),并在治疗20 d后与正常组比无显著性差异(P>0.05);模型组、对照组及推拿组NGF及TrkA免疫组化表达与正常组相比均有显著性提高(P<0.05),推拿组NGF与TrkA表达与模型组相比也具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论推拿治疗可以通过提高机体神经生长因子NGF表达,提高NGF的高亲和力受体TrkA释放,从而抑制细胞抵抗凋亡,促进神经元存活,最终改善坐骨神经损伤大鼠的运动及感觉功能。     

基于马达蛋白探讨推拿对坐骨神经损伤大鼠轴浆运输功能的影响

目的 观察推拿对坐骨神经损伤大鼠轴浆运输马达蛋白表达改变的影响,探讨推拿治疗坐骨神经损伤的起效机制.方法 建立大鼠坐骨神经夹持损伤模型,通过腓肠肌温质量测量、热痛阈实验观察正常组、假手术组、模型组、模型对照组、推拿组大鼠的病理学、行为学变化;通过免疫组织化学染色观察各组大鼠脊髓内kinesin及dynein表达情况,并统计分析各组间的差异.结果 通过对模型组和模型对照组大鼠热痛阈、腓肠肌湿质量的检测,得出坐骨神经损伤后大鼠的感觉及运动功能明显降低的结果,在推拿治疗后,腓肠肌湿质量测量及热痛阈实验评分明显升高,并在治疗20 d后与正常组无显著性差异;模型组、对照组及推拿组kinesin及dynein免疫组化表达与正常组相比均有显著性提高,推拿组与模型组、对照组相比也具有显著性差异.结论 推拿治疗可以通过提高轴浆运输马达蛋白kinesin及dynein的表达,促进轴浆运输功能恢复,进而双向影响神经元细胞及神经支配靶组织,并最终改善坐骨神经损伤大鼠的运动及感觉功能.     

Expression of neurotrophin-3 and its receptors in lung tissues of rats with asthma

目的 研究神经营养素3 (NT-3)及其受体酪氨酸激酶C(TrkC)和p75神经营养素受体(p75 NTR)在哮喘大鼠肺组织中的表达情况.方法 将28只4～6周龄的SD大鼠随机分为分为哮喘组(n=16)(以卵蛋白致敏和激发建立大鼠哮喘模型)和正常对照组(n=12).取两组大鼠的肺组织制作病理切片,HE染色后光学显微镜下观察支气管和肺组织的病理学特征.采用Real-Time PCR技术检测两组大鼠肺组织中NT-3、TrkC和p75NTR mRNA的表达,并分析三者之间的相关性.结果 光学显微镜观察发现:哮喘组大鼠支气管壁周围有较多淋巴细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,可见支气管气道上皮脱落、杯状细胞增生及黏液栓增多等变化;正常对照组大鼠支气管及肺泡结构未见明显异常.哮喘组大鼠肺组织中NT-3、TrkC和p75NTR mRNA的相对表达量均显著高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).相关性分析结果显示:NT-3 mRNA与TrkC mRNA的表达、NT-3mRNA与p75NTR mRNA的表达以及TrkC mRNA与p75NTR mRNA的表达均呈正相关(r分别为0.89、0.90和0.82,均P＜0.01).结论 致敏哮喘大鼠肺组织内NT-3 mRNA表达水平升高.NT-3通过上调TrkC和p75NTR mRNA的表达,增强NT-3的功能效应,三者共同参与了哮喘气道神经源性炎症的发生.     

神经营养素3及其受体在哮喘大鼠肺组织中的表达

目的研究神经营养素3(NT-3)及其受体酪氨酸激酶C(TrkC)和p75神经营养素受体(p75NTR)在哮喘大鼠肺组织中的表达情况。方法将28只4～6周龄的SD大鼠随机分为分为哮喘组(n=16)(以卵蛋白致敏和激发建立大鼠哮喘模型)和正常对照组(n=12)。取两组大鼠的肺组织制作病理切片,HE染色后光学显微镜下观察支气管和肺组织的病理学特征。采用Real-Time PCR技术检测两组大鼠肺组织中NT-3、TrkC和p75NTR mRNA的表达,并分析三者之间的相关性。结果光学显微镜观察发现:哮喘组大鼠支气管壁周围有较多淋巴细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,可见支气管气道上皮脱落、杯状细胞增生及黏液栓增多等变化;正常对照组大鼠支气管及肺泡结构未见明显异常。哮喘组大鼠肺组织中NT-3、TrkC和p75NTR mRNA的相对表达量均显著高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。相关性分析结果显示:NT-3 mRNA与TrkC mRNA的表达、NT-3mRNA与p75NTR mRNA的表达以及TrkC mRNA与p75NTR mRNA的表达均呈正相关(r分别为0.89、0.90和0.82,均P0.01)。结论致敏哮喘大鼠肺组织内NT-3 mRNA表达水平升高。NT-3通过上调TrkC和p75NTR mRNA的表达,增强NT-3的功能效应,三者共同参与了哮喘气道神经源性炎症的发生。     

推拿治疗坐骨神经损伤大鼠行为学研究

目的:从实验研究角度探寻推拿对周围神经损伤后所出现的感觉功能障碍的改善效应,并进一步揭示推拿对周围神经损伤后的中枢修复机制。方法:采用SD大鼠坐骨神经夹持损伤为模型,以"按摩手法模拟仪"于大鼠手术侧殷门穴、承山穴、阳陵泉穴施以点法、揉法,通过对大鼠甩尾热痛阈的分析,从行为学角度探寻推拿对坐骨神经损伤后的肢体感觉功能恢复的良性促进作用,为揭示推拿促进神经修复的机制提供理论支持。结果:经推拿治疗的坐骨神经损伤大鼠的50℃热水甩尾时间高于假手术组、模型组及模型对照组,且与模型组比较,差异显著,结果有统计学意义,说明推拿可以延长机体对热痛刺激的反应时间,进一步提示,推拿在坐骨神经损伤后可以有效地保护脊髓背角感觉神经元,并抑制神经损伤后所出现的神经源性疼痛。结论:本次研究以热痛刺激作为行为学观察指标,检测损伤神经修复后支配情况,结果表明,经推拿治疗后,可延长机体痛敏反应时间,说明推拿对坐骨神经损伤大鼠产生的疼痛感觉具有一定的抑制作用,其机理可能为保护了脊髓背角感觉神经元。     

推拿对坐骨神经损伤大鼠背根神经节降钙素基因相关肽表达的影响

目的:观察推拿对坐骨神经损伤后背根神经节神经元降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin gene-related peptide,CGRP)表达的影响。方法:48只大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、模型对照组、推拿组,采用坐骨神经损伤(chronic constriction injury,SNI)模型,以按摩推拿手法模拟仪进行推拿手法干预,观察各组大鼠光热耐痛阈、痛敏分数变化及L3-5节段右侧背根神经节CGRP的表达情况。结果:造模7 d后,与同期正常组比较,模型组大鼠的耐痛阈值及痛敏分数均明显升高(P0.01);模型组CGRP在背根神经节的表达升高(P0.01)。在推拿治疗20次之后,与同期模型组比较,推拿组耐痛阈值及痛敏分数明显降低(P0.05);与同期模型组和模型对照组比较,推拿组CGRP在背根神经节的表达明显升高(P0.01)。结论:推拿可以提高周围神经损伤大鼠背根神经节内CGRP的表达,参与神经损伤修复过程,最终改善周围神经损伤大鼠的感觉功能。     

神经营养素3对坐骨神经损伤大鼠肌萎缩的修复作用

目的探讨神经营养素3(NT-3)对坐骨神经损伤大鼠肌萎缩的修复作用及其机制。方法 50只SD大鼠制成坐骨神经损伤模型,分为对照组和NT-3组,每组25只。显微镜下NT-3组右侧腓肠肌内注射NT-3质粒10μL(1 g.L-1),对照组注射生理盐水10μL。于注射后不同时间点观察2组大鼠caspase-3基因的表达情况、运动终板和肌细胞凋亡数目。结果坐骨神经损伤后大鼠caspase-3基因转录水平升高;NT-3组caspase-3基因转录水平和肌细胞凋亡率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);坐骨神经损伤后14、21 d NT-3组大鼠运动终板多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 NT-3抑制caspase-3基因的表达、肌细胞凋亡并提高运动终板数量,可能是促进神经纤维损伤后再生和减缓失神经肌萎缩的重要因素。     

远志对DPN大鼠坐骨神经Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨远志对糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)大鼠坐骨神经Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达的影响.方法:Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、DPN模型组和远志治疗组.DPN模型组和远志治疗组大鼠均建立DPN大鼠模型.DPN成模后,远志治疗组大鼠给予远志灌胃6周.采用HE染色法观察各组大鼠坐骨神经形态结构的变化,免疫组织化学染色法检测各组大鼠坐骨神经Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达情况.结果:与正常对照组大鼠比较,DPN模型组大鼠坐骨神经的形态结构发生明显病理变化;并且,Bcl-2蛋白的表达明显降低,Bax蛋白的表达明显升高(P＜0.05).与DPN模型组比较,远志治疗组大鼠坐骨神经的形态结构明显改善;并且,Bcl-2蛋白的表达明显升高,Bax蛋白的表达明显降低(P＜0.05).结论:远志可通过升高Bcl-2表达、降低Bax表达,抑制神经纤维变性,对DPN大鼠坐骨神经损伤具有保护作用.     

推拿对坐骨神经损伤模型大鼠神经超微结构的影响

目的 从超微病理学的角度探索推拿对坐骨神经损伤（Sciatic nerve injury,SNI）大鼠神经形态恢复的影响。方法 采用推拿手法模拟仪定性、定量模拟手法,对SNI模型大鼠进行干预,通过斜板试验和光热耐痛阈观察大鼠行为学改善情况,通过透射电镜观察并分析坐骨神经损伤局部轴索、髓鞘、雪旺细胞等超微结构的改变。结果 推拿治疗20次后,大鼠的斜板试验与光热耐痛阈结果与模型组相比均有显著差异（P<0.05）,且达到或接近正常组水平。正常组坐骨神经有髓神经纤维的髓鞘致密均匀,结构完整,形态规则,轴索无萎缩及肿胀,雪旺细胞丰富、正常;模型组髓鞘结构模糊、松散,出现空泡状变性,轴索萎缩或消失,偶见残存的线粒体,雪旺细胞线粒体空泡化,细胞趋于坏死;推拿治疗组髓鞘结构大多数趋完整态,空泡状缺损减少;轴索无明显肿胀,雪旺细胞部分空泡化或线粒体水肿。推拿治疗组有髓神经的髓鞘厚度和轴突直径与模型组比较,均有明显恢复,且逐渐接近正常组水平。结论 推拿可明显促进SNI大鼠坐骨神经纤维髓鞘的再生,轴索的恢复,减轻雪旺细胞胞质和线粒体的水肿,对周围神经损伤后超微结构的修复和再生有明显的促进作用。      

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.