上海市奉贤区德国小蠊自然种群对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查

目的及时掌握上海市奉贤区德国小蠊自然种群对常用杀虫剂的抗药性动态,为采取有效防控措施提供科学依据。方法捕获、饲养德国小蠊自然种群,开展抗药性检测。结果德国小蠊自然种群对高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯的抗性系数最高,分别为5.38、6.17,抗性水平为中度;对溴氰菊酯抗性系数为3.31,属于低抗水平;对残杀威、乙酰甲胺磷的抗性系数分别为1.25、1.04,基本无抗药性产生。结论奉贤区德国小蠊自然种群对部分常用杀虫剂已产生抗药性,应交替使用溴氰菊酯、残杀威、乙酰甲胺磷等杀虫剂,减少氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯的使用剂量。     

北京市海淀区德国小蠊抗药性监测结果分析

目的了解北京市海淀区德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性情况,为科学、合理选择和使用杀虫剂提供依据。方法采用药膜法测定德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗性水平。结果现场品系德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、残杀威、乙酰甲胺磷和毒死蜱的抗性系数分别为7.80、3.00、1.39、8.31和6.66。结论北京市海淀区现场品系德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷和毒死蜱的抗药性处于中度抗性水平,对溴氰菊酯和残杀威处于低度抗性水平。     

德国小蠊对杀虫剂的抗药性分析

目的对德国小蠊使用各类型杀虫剂后的抗药性进行分析。方法对德国小蠊试虫使用药膜测定法,观察对不同杀虫剂的抗药性。结果使用高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷、毒死蜱、残杀威和溴氰菊酯等5类杀虫剂对德国小蠊的抗药性分析,抗药倍数数值分别为8.32、9.23、7.73、2.87、3.87。所有参与实验的德国小蠊全部出现被击倒情况,其中高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷、毒死蜱3类属于中度抗性,残杀威和溴氰菊酯2类属于轻度抗性。结论德国小蠊对残杀威和溴氰菊酯抗性较低,对高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷、毒死蜱抗性较高,应结合实际情况使用杀虫剂,降低德国小蠊对杀虫剂的抗药性。     

连云港市德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查

目的研究并掌握连云港市德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗性情况,为合理使用杀虫剂提供科学依据。方法采用常用的药膜接触法,测定德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷和残杀威抗药性。结果连云港市德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷和残杀威的抗性系数分别为38.2、6.0和1.8,其抗性水平分别为高度抗性、中度抗性和低度抗性。结论连云港市德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷抗和残杀威均产生不同程度的抗性,在防制蟑螂中,应根据抗性情况合理选择杀虫剂,以提高蟑螂的防制效果。     

2013年安康市中心城区德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性测定

目的测定安康市中心城区德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏、残杀威5种杀虫剂的抗药性,以便通过抗药性检出水平在全市开展有效、科学的灭蟑工作。方法采用500 ml广口瓶药膜接触法,测定德国小蠊半数击倒时间。结果现场德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏、残杀威5种杀虫剂的抗性系数分别为3.43、1.93、1.30、4.10、1.40,均为低度抗性。结论安康市中心城区德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏、残杀威5种杀虫剂尚未产生高度抗性,可以合理轮流使用药物。     

2011年张家港市蟑螂抗性调查及防制对策

目的测定张家港市区蟑螂(德国小蠊)对高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威、乙酰甲胺磷、敌敌畏4种常用杀虫剂的抗药性,根据不同杀虫剂的抗药性水平在全市开展有效、科学的灭蟑工作。方法采用全国蟑螂防治学组制定的《蟑螂抗药性监测方案(试行)》规定的药膜法测定蟑螂(德国小蠊)半数击倒时间。结果现场蟑螂(德国小蠊)对上述4种杀虫剂的抗性系数分别为1.36、0.69、0.77、4.00。结果显示,张家港市区蟑螂(德国小蠊)对高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威、乙酰甲胺磷均表现为敏感,对敌敌畏已产生低度抗药。结论应根据抗药性合理选择杀虫剂,以提高蟑螂的防治效果。     

上海市杨浦区德国小蠊对5种杀虫剂的抗药性调查

目的了解和掌握上海市杨浦区德国小蠊对5种杀虫剂的抗药性水平。方法采用药膜法检测德国小蠊对5种杀虫剂的抗药性。结果德国小蠊对氟虫腈、高效氯氰菊酯,溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯和残杀威的抗性系数分别是33.96、16.76、12.37、10.41和2.78。结果显示,德国小蠊对氟虫腈产生高度抗药性,对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯产生中度抗药性,对残杀威产生低度抗药性。结论上海市杨浦区德国小蠊对5种杀虫剂均产生不同程度的抗药性,建议科学合理用药,同时辅以环境治理,控制和延缓抗药性产生。     

北京市海淀区家蝇对5种杀虫剂的抗性测定和分析

目的了解北京市海淀区现场品系家蝇对5种常用杀虫剂的抗性水平,为合理选择用药提供依据。方法采用点滴法测定抗性水平。结果现场品系家蝇对溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱、乙酰甲胺磷和残杀威的抗性系数分别为40.10,46.48,10.36,15.33和5.43。结论北京市海淀区现场品系家蝇对5种杀虫剂均产生了明显的抗性,但抗性的程度不同,从高到低依次为:氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷、毒死蜱和残杀威。     

泉州市德国小蠊对5种杀虫剂的敏感性调查

目的了解泉州市德国小蠊对氯菊酯，高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、残杀威和毒死蜱5种杀虫剂的敏感性现状，为科学防制德国小蠊提供理论依据。方法采用药膜接触法，测定德国小蠊的半数击倒时间（Kk）。结果德国小蠊对毒死蜱、氯菊酯，高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、残杀威的KT5。值分别为59．796min、48．888min、25．947min、20．176min、13．8655min。结论德国小蠊对残杀威敏感性最高，其它依次为溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、毒死蜱。     

汕头市德国小蠊抗药性测试

目的了解汕头市德国小蠊对3种杀虫剂的抗药性状况,为科学使用杀虫剂提供依据。方法在汕头市区采集德国小蠊,实验室培养一代后采用点滴法进行测定。结果德国小蠊对敌敌畏、残杀威、溴氰菊酯的抗性系数分别为0.92、1.20、38.72。结论德国小蠊对敌敌畏、残杀威无明显抗药性,对溴氰菊酯产生了高度抗性,应加强对菊酯类杀虫剂的抗药性监测工作及其科学合理的使用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.