帕瑞昔布钠联合舒芬太尼在妇科腹腔镜手术术后镇痛中的应用

目的探讨帕瑞昔布钠联合舒芬太尼在妇科腹腔镜手术术后镇痛中的应用效果。方法选取我院2015年1月至2016年1月收治的90例妇科腹腔镜手术患者,随机分为两组各45例。诱导前,对照组静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠,观察组静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠联合舒芬太尼。对比两组患者术后不同时间点的镇痛效果和不良反应发生率。结果观察组术后各个时间点的VAS评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后各个时间点的BCS评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者的术后不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与单纯应用帕瑞昔布钠比较,采用帕瑞昔布钠联合舒芬太尼对妇科腹腔镜手术患者进行术后镇痛,其镇痛效果更好,且安全性更高,值得临床推广。     

帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛在骨科下肢手术中的应用

目的观察帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛对不同年龄骨科下肢手术患者的镇痛效果。方法选择在该院接受治疗的骨科下肢择期手术患者80例为研究对象,根据年龄分为A组与B组,再按帕瑞昔布钠使用时间进一步分为A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3组,A1、B1组：术前30 min给予40 mg帕瑞昔布钠静脉推注;A2、B2组：手术结束后给予40 mg帕瑞昔布钠静脉推注;A3、B3组：在术前、术后均不使用帕瑞昔布钠,观察两组的疼痛程度（VAS评分）、镇静深度（RSS评分）等。结果使用帕瑞昔布钠比未使用帕瑞昔布钠的术后VAS评分要低;帕瑞昔布钠使用总量比较A1组0.05）。结论在骨科下肢手术中利用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛,具有良好的临床效果,对于成年、老年患者,超前使用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛效果更佳。     

帕瑞昔布钠联合罗哌卡因局部麻醉对妇科腹腔镜手术后镇痛效果观察

目的观察帕瑞昔布钠联合罗哌卡因局部麻醉用于妇科腹腔镜手术后的镇痛效果。方法选择全身麻醉下行腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者42例,ASA分级I级,按随机数字表法分为帕瑞昔布钠组和对照组,每组21例,均在腹腔镜各操作孔周围用0．5％罗哌卡因10ml行局部浸润。帕瑞昔布钠组手术开始后静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40mg,对照组为相同容量的0．9％氯化钠,术毕拔除穿孔器前用0．5％罗哌卡因10ml盆腔内喷洒。分别于离开麻醉恢复室、术后4h、术后次日早晨进行疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）,并于术后次日早晨询问患者是否有镇痛需求及对术后镇痛质量的满意程度以及睡眠质量。结果帕瑞昔布钠组离开麻醉恢复室和术后4hVAS明显低于对照组[（1．6±0．5）分比（3．4±0．6）分和（1．7±0．5）分比（3．5±0．7）分],差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组术后次日早晨VAS比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。帕瑞昔布钠组术后次日早晨有镇痛需求患者明显少于对照组（2例比10例）,对术后镇痛质量满意患者明显多于对照组（16例比8例）,睡眠质量满意患者明显多于对照组（16例比11例）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论帕瑞昔布钠联合罗哌卡因局部麻醉在妇科腹腔镜手术后可以提供良好的镇痛效果。     

帕瑞昔布钠与氟比洛芬酯用于无痛人流术后镇痛的效果比较

目的:比较静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠(parecoxi-sodium)与氟比洛芬酯用于无痛人流术后镇痛的临床效果。方法:将ASAⅠ～Ⅱ、年龄19～47岁的拟行无痛人流手术者60例随机分为Ⅰ组30例术后静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg和Ⅱ组30例术后静脉注射氟比洛芬酯50 mg。观察术后疼痛强度(VAS评分)、不良反应和病人对镇痛的满意度。结果:与氟比洛芬酯组相比,帕瑞昔布钠组术后VAS评分降低(P<0.05),术后24 h满意度明显提高(P<0.05)。术后帕瑞昔布钠组不良反应发生率较氟比洛芬酯组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:无痛人流术后静脉给予帕瑞昔布钠40 mg镇痛效果优于静脉注射氟比洛芬酯50 mg,并可降低不良反应的发生率。     

鼻腔用舒芬太尼+利多卡因与帕瑞昔布钠在术后镇痛效果评分

目的探讨鼻腔用舒芬太尼+利多卡因与帕瑞昔布钠在术后镇痛效果情况。方法回顾性分析我院收治的行鼻腔手术患者临床资料,依据术后镇痛方法不同进行分组,对照组(舒芬太尼+利多卡因麻醉组)30例和观察组(帕瑞昔布钠静脉麻醉组)30例。结果观察组患者镇痛满意程度和术后6h、12h、24h疼痛评分情况均优于对照组,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论帕瑞昔布钠在鼻腔手术术后镇痛效果明显,值得临床借鉴。     

帕瑞昔布钠对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的镇痛作用及安全性研究

目的 探讨帕瑞昔布钠对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的镇痛效果和安全性.方法 将90例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者按随机数字表法分为帕瑞昔布钠组、氟比洛芬酯组和对照组,每组30例,均于术前30min给予不同药物.观察并比较三组视觉模拟评分(VAS)、镇痛满意度、凝血功能和血小板聚集试验的最大聚集率(MAR)及术后不良反应等.结果 帕瑞昔布钠组、氟比洛芬酯组术后不同时间点VAS和精神症状发生率均明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),术后24 h镇痛满意率分别为93.3%(28/30)和90.0%(27/30),均明显高于对照组[20.0%(6/30)](P＜0.05);三组给药前后凝血功能和MAR比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 帕瑞昔布钠对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的镇痛效果好,不良反应发生率低,值得临床推广应用.     

帕瑞昔布钠治疗术后疼痛的跟踪研究

目的跟踪研究帕瑞昔布钠对于腹腔镜下胃肠切除术后镇痛的效果和安全性。方法选择择期腹腔镜下胃肠切除手术患者80例,ASA评分为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,体重在50kg的青中老年患者。将其随机分为两组,每组40例。A组40例,静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40mg/5ml0.9%NS。B组为对照组40例,静脉注射0.9%NaCl溶液5ml。如果患者术后不能耐受疼痛,单次肌内注射盐酸哌替啶50mg。记录各组患者术毕清醒拔管后10、40、80、120、160min后VAS评分。手术后160min哌替啶的用量和所追加的次数,并观察其恶心、呕吐等不良反应的发生率及术后160min患者对镇痛的满意程度。结果术后160min内AB两组VAS评分差异有统计学意义(p<0.05),且A组患者满意度较B组高,镇痛效果好,用药副反应少。结论应用帕瑞昔布钠40mg对腹腔镜下胃肠切除手术后镇痛有很好效果,且不增加副作用。     

三种镇痛方案用于腰椎内固定术后镇痛的效果比较

目的比较帕瑞昔布钠和地佐辛三种不同配伍方案用于腰椎内固定术后镇痛的效果。方法将120例需行腰椎内固定术的患者随机分三组:地佐辛-地佐辛组(Ⅰ组)、帕瑞昔布钠-帕瑞昔布钠组(Ⅱ组)和帕瑞昔布钠-地佐辛组(Ⅲ组),各40例。分别于按预案实行术后镇痛。观察并记录每位患者复苏的情况及苏醒后、6、12、24、48 h各时间点的VAS镇痛评分和Ramsay镇静评分,术后镇痛期间的不良反应等。结果Ⅰ组于术后的镇痛镇静最强,拔管耗时最长,镇痛并发症较多;Ⅱ组的术后镇痛效果最差,术后发生躁动和需追加镇痛药的病例最多;Ⅲ组术后镇痛评分与Ⅰ组相当(p>0.05),但镇静评分明显低于Ⅰ组(p<0.05),不良反应相对较少。结论帕瑞昔布钠联合地佐辛于腰椎内固定术后镇痛效果显著,值得推介。     

帕瑞昔布钠联合PCEA对骨科下肢手术患者术后镇痛的观察

目的探讨帕瑞昔布钠联合硬脊膜外自控镇痛（PCEA）对骨科下肢手术患者术后的镇痛效果。方法选取60例18～64岁择期行下肢骨科手术患者,随机均分为两组,每组各30例。帕瑞昔布钠组（A组）于手术结束时静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40mg（生理盐水2ml稀释）＋PCEA;对照组（B组）单纯使用PCEA,均于手术结束离室时启用PCEA镇痛（罗哌卡因15mg＋吗啡0．5mg,用生理盐水稀释成100m1）。两组术后4、8、12、24h进行视觉模拟疼痛（VAS）评分,记录术后48h镇痛药用量、镇痛泵（PCEA）按压次数及不良反应。结果两组术后2、4、8、48hVAS评分A组低于B组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,48hPCA按压次数、镇痛药用量及不良反应A组均低于B组（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论帕瑞昔布钠联合PCEA对骨科下肢手术患者术后镇痛效果佳,不良反应发生率低。     

帕瑞昔布钠复合舒芬太尼用于妇科术后患者静脉自控镇痛的观察

目的:观察帕瑞昔布钠联合舒芬太尼在妇科开腹术后的镇痛效果。方法:72例择期妇科开腹手术患者随机分为镇痛组(实验组)和单纯PCIA组(对照组),两组术后舒芬太尼静脉自控镇痛,实验组关腹后静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,对照组静脉注射生理盐水5 ml。分别于术后各时间点观察患者的VAS评分、Ramsay评分、BCS评分,记录PCIA按压次数、舒芬太尼用量、药物的不良反应、患者对镇痛效果的满意度及生命体征。结果:与对照组比较实验组VAS评分、Ramsay评分、BCS评分、PCA按压次数、舒芬太尼用量明显下降,镇痛效果的满意度明显提高(P<0.05);两组患者药物的不良反应、术后生命体征变化无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:帕瑞昔布钠联合舒芬太尼镇痛效果优于传统PCIA术后镇痛方法。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后右美托咪定滴鼻镇痛的效果观察

目的观察右美托咪定滴鼻用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术后镇痛的有效性和安全性。 方法选择2021年10月至2022年1月于邛崃市医疗中心医院收治并择期行全身麻醉下腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者64例，其中男性17例，女性47例；年龄18~65岁，平均(44.03±10.97)岁；体重指数(BMI)<35kg/m²；美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组，试验组(D组，31例)于术毕清醒拔除喉罩后给予右美托咪定2 μg/kg滴鼻，对照组(C组，33例)于术毕清醒拔除喉罩后给予等容量0.9%等渗盐水滴鼻。记录两组患者一般情况及术中情况；记录术后2、8、12、24 h静息和运动时视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale，VAS)；记录术后24 h内补救镇痛的例数以及初次补救镇痛的间隔时间；记录术后24 h内恶心、呕吐的发生例数及严重程度；记录24 h内最满意镇痛且最轻呕吐(satisfactory analgesia with minimal emesis，SAME)的达标比例；记录术后24 h内严重心动过缓、呼吸抑制、循环不稳、镇静过度等不良反应的发生情况。 结果与C组比较，D组2、8 h静息和运动VAS评分及12 h运动VAS评分明显降低(P<0.05)，两组术后补救镇痛的次数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，但D组初次补救镇痛的间隔时间明显延长(P<0.05)。与C组比较，D组术后恶心呕吐的发生率及严重程度明显降低(P<0.05)。D组SAME达标率明显高于C组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后均未出现严重心动过缓、呼吸抑制(SPO₂低于95%)、循环不稳(需要药物干预)、镇静过度等不良反应。 结论腹腔镜胆囊切除术后右美托咪定2 μg/kg滴鼻能在不辅助其他术后镇痛药的情况下，改善患者术后疼痛及恶心呕吐，延长初次补救镇痛的间隔时间，且无明显不良反应。     

腹腔镜术后静脉自控镇痛的研究新进展

腹腔镜术后镇痛愈来愈受到人们的重视,患者静脉自控镇痛是治疗术后急性疼痛的最佳选择。本文就静脉自控镇痛用于腹腔镜手术术后镇痛的研究新进展作一综述。     

Patient controlled epidural analgesia: interest in thoracic surgery

AIM: To compare efficacy of pain control, the consumption of local anaesthetics and opioids as well as the side effects between continuous epidural analgesia, patient controlled analgesia and patient controlled epidural analgesia in thoracic surgery. METHODS: Prospective randomised study included 66 patients who had thoracotomy. Patients were divided into 3 groups, to receive different pain control methods. Group 1 (n=22) received patient control analgesia Group 2 (n=22) received continuous epidural analgesia (Bupivacaine 0,125% + 5 microg/ml of Fentanyl) between 6 and 10 ml/h in order to obtain a T2 level Group 3 (n=22) received patient controlled epidural analgesia (Bupivacaine 0,08% + 3 microg/ml of Fentanyl) 6 ml/h and bolus of 5 ml. RESULTS: There was no difference between the three groups in age, delay of surgical operation and per operative morphine consumption. VAS was less at rest and after cough in patient group with patient controlled epidural analgesia. The difference was less significant in local anaesthetics and opioids consumption in patient with controlled epidural analgesia. CONCLUSION: The benefit of patient controlled epidural analgesia in thoracic surgery is proven by the following analgesic efficiency which allows good respiratory rehabilitation, decreasing the risk of drug toxicity by decreases consumption, weak hemodynamic effects and absence of motor block.     

Anesthesia ambulatory one-day surgery]

The spreading of the cost-benefit attitude is a considerable help in the progress of the one day surgery. The patient selection, the preoperative patient preparations and the preoperative examination has done in the anaestesiologic ambulance. Aims of ambulatory anaesthesia are to achieve sedation, hypnosis, analgesia, amnesia and muscle relaxation during the operation, to preserve preoperative mental and physiologic state, analgesia and to make early postoperative nourishing possible. Besides personnel and equipment of anaesthesia and reanimation, monitoring of circulation, respiration and neuromuscular transmission is needed. Anaesthetic methods: local, regional and general anaesthesia or sedation. Ways of general anaesthesia are intravenous, inhalation or combined. Intravenous anaesthetic drugs (barbiturates, ketamine, etomidate, midazolam, propofol and eltanolon) can be used in monotherapy or in combination with each other or opioids (morphine, alfentanil, fentanyl, sufentanil, remifentanil). Among inhalatic agents N2O isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane are advisable. Recommended non depolarising muscle relaxants are the short-acting atracurium, mivacurium, vecuronium and rocuronium. Methods for loco-regional anaesthesia are infiltration, peripheral nerve blockade, epidural and intradural anaesthesia which can be used with additional vigil sedation. Blockades with local analgetics, intraoperative opioids, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, sedatives, pre-emptiv analgesia and patient controlled analgesia can be used for postoperative pain relief. Besides the patient and intervention type selection the adequate perioperative anaesthesiologic work and the prudent specifications of leaving conditions is the most important terms of the safety of one-day surgery and anaesthesia.     

Multimodal analgesia as an alternative to the risks of opioid monotherapy in surgical pain management

Clinicians have long been aware of the danger of overreliance on opioids to manage acute pain, such as the pain accompanying surgery. The risk of adverse drug events is higher with opioids than with any other common class of drugs. Overreliance on opioids increases length of stay and hospital costs, while decreasing patient satisfaction. Opioids can lead to problems that continue well after discharge, including chronic pain, abuse and addiction, and even death. Increasingly, prescribed opioids have proved to lead to heroin addiction. Studies show that the same professionals who prescribe, administer, and monitor opioids lack basic knowledge about their safe and effective use. The alternative to opioid monotherapy in controlling acute pain is multimodal analgesia, an approach that relies on a nonopioid foundation with addition of adjunctive opioids as needed. An increasing number of nonopioid analgesics have proved effective in this role, with fewer side effects and a higher degree of safety than opioids. Accordingly, multimodal analgesia is recommended as best practice by most recognized authorities. Increasingly, governmental authorities hold prescribing clinicians and institutions legally liable for the downstream negative effects of opioids, including abuse and addiction. Addressing this issue should be a top priority for hospital risk managers.     

多模式超前镇痛对卵巢囊肿腹腔镜术后疼痛及IL-6的影响

目的探讨多模式超前镇痛对卵巢囊肿腹腔镜术后疼痛及IL-6的影响。方法择期行卵巢囊肿腹腔镜手术的患者100例,随机分为2组(n=50),A组术前30min缓慢静注氯诺昔康8mg,手术开始前以0.238%甲磺酸罗哌卡因15mL+氯诺昔康8mg切口浸润及0.238%罗哌卡因行50mL行手术部位浸润和腹腔喷洒,B组同等容量和浓度甲磺酸罗哌卡因、氯诺昔康在病灶切除后行切口和手术部位浸润及腹腔喷洒,手术结束时静注鲁诺昔康8mg。分别于术前30min、术毕即刻(均未给氯诺昔康时)、术后3、12、24h抽取外周静脉血测白介素-6(IL-6),并于术后不同时点观察疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)。结果术后2组间VAS评分有显著差异(P<0.05),A组术后能有效抑制应激反应。结论多模式超前镇痛用于妇科腹腔镜手术,可减轻术后疼痛,减少镇痛药用量,有效抑制术后机体应激反应。     

腹腔镜保守性手术联合药物防治输卵管妊娠后持续性异位妊娠的临床研究

目的 探讨输卵管妊娠腹腔镜保守性手术术前应用米非司酮和术后应用甲氨蝶呤联合米非司酮预防持续性异位妊娠(PEP)的疗效.方法 将120例输卵管妊娠患者按住院号分为两组:研究组(60例)术前口服米非司酮后行腹腔镜保守性手术,术后应用米非司酮联合甲氨蝶呤;对照组(60例)行单纯腹腔镜保守性手术.观察两组术中出血量,均于术前及术后1、3、7、12 d检测血β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-hCG)水平,并进行比较.结果 两组术后3、7、12 d血β-hCG水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).研究组术中出血量[(21.8±2.2)ml]明显少于对照组[(38.1±3.1)ml](P<0.05).研究组无一例发生PEP,对照组有2例(3.33%,2/60)发生PEP.结论 术前应用米非司酮和术后应用米非司酮联合甲氨蝶呤用于防治输卵管妊娠腹腔镜保守性手术后PEP的疗效明显,与单纯行腹腔镜保守性手术相比有优势,临床上可以选择此种方法.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the efficacy of methotrexate combined with mifepristone prophylaxis for persistent ectopic pregnancy (PEP) after laparoscopic conservative surgery. Methods One hundred and twenty cases of tubal pregnancy were randomly divided into two groups by admission number, the study group (60 cases) were treated by mifepristone before laparoscopic conservative surgery and methotrexate combined with mifepristone after laparoscopic conservative surgery, but the control group (60 cases) were treated by laparoscopic conservative surgery, the bleeding was observated in the surgery,concentration of β-human chorionic gonadotrop ( β-hCG) was detected before operation and 1,3,7,12 d after operation. Results There were significant differences in β-hCG after operation 3,7,12 d between two groups(P<0.05). The bleeding was (21.8 ?.2) ml in study group,and (38.1 ?3.1) ml in control group, there was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). In study group, the incidence of PEP was 0, and 3.33%(2/60) in control group. Conclusion Preoperative mifepristone and postoperative mifepristone combined with methotrexate in preventing PEP after laparoscopic conservative surgery is efficacy, and it can be chosen in clinic.     

妇科腹腔镜术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素分析

目的 探讨妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的危险因素。方法 选择2017年1月—2019年5月在本院行妇科腹腔镜手术后发生DVT患者45例为观察组,术后未发生DVT患者45例为对照组。收集、统计入组患者临床资料,分析DVT形成危险因素。结果 观察组年龄≥50岁、体质量指数(BMI)>24 kg/m2、存在并发症、经腹手术、恶性疾病、术后卧床时间>5 d、手术时间>1 h、术前下肢超声异常、术中气腹压>15 mmHg、头高足低手术体位比例均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术中失血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);年龄≥50岁、并发症、恶性疾病、术后卧床时间>5 d、术中气腹压>15 mmHg、头高足低手术体位是妇科腹腔镜手术后DVT形成的独立危险因素(OR值≥1且P<0.05)。结论 年龄≥50岁、并发症、恶性疾病、术后卧床时间>5 d、术中气腹压>15 mmHg、头高足低手术体位是妇科腹腔镜手术后DVT形成的独立危险因素,临床应加以重视,及时实施防治措施,预防DVT形成。     

腹腔镜与腹式横切口子宫肌瘤切除术近期临床效果对比

目的:比较腹腔镜与腹部横切口子宫肌瘤切除术的临床效果,分析腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤切除术转开腹的原因。方法:选择同期以子宫肌瘤为手术指征的要求保留子宫的病例共232例,随机分为两组,研究组行腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤切除术,对照组行腹部横切口开腹子宫肌瘤切除术。观察两组病例的手术时间、出血量、术后肠道功能恢复时间、术后平均住院日、发热及镇痛以比较两组治疗方法的优缺点。结果:研究组的术后平均住院日,术后发热,肠道功能恢复时间明显少于对照组,术后镇痛的病人数明显少于对照组。研究组手术时间较对照组长,而术中出血量两组比较无明显差异。研究组中有4例中转开腹的病例。结论:腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤切除术是一种安全、可行,具有良好应用前景的微创外科手术。我院在开展腔镜手术早期有中转开腹的病例,都是因为创面渗血、瘤体大、位置不佳、操作者技术不熟练而造成,随着技术的提高,中转开腹的病例不再发生。