软肝饮对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠胶原代谢水平的影响

目的：建立大鼠免疫损伤性肝纤维化的实验模型，研究中药复方软肝饮对血清层粘；连蛋白(Laminin，LN)、透明质酸(Hyaluronic acid，HA)、血清Ⅲ型前胶原(Precollagen typeⅢ，PCⅢ)、肝脏羟脯氨酸(Hydroxyproline，Hyp)含量的影响，探讨其抗肝纤维化的作用机制。方法：在以人血白蛋白(HSA)诱导的免疫损伤性肝纤维化大鼠模型基础上，软肝饮小剂量(1g／kg)，大剂量(2g／kg)灌胃给药，连续8周，以鳖甲软肝片和秋水仙碱为阳性对照药；放射性免疫方法测定大鼠血清中HA、LN、PCⅢ含量；化学法测定肝脏羟脯氨酸含量。结果：软肝饮两个剂量组可明显降低HSA诱导免疫性肝纤维化大鼠模型血清中HA、LN、PCⅢ的含量，同时可降低大鼠肝脏中羟脯氨酸的含量。结论：软肝饮通过对肝脏胶原物质代谢的影响而产生抗肝纤维化的治疗作用。     

扶正健肝方对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠胶原代谢的影响

目的观察扶正健肝方对白蛋白诱导的肝纤维化大鼠胶原代谢的影响。方法采用人血白蛋白(HSA)诱导大鼠肝纤维化,并随机分为扶正健肝方大、小剂量组(生药39.4、9.85g/kg)、秋水仙碱组(0.0001g/kg)、模型组、对照组等5组。放射免疫分析法测定层粘连蛋白(laminin,LN)、透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)和Ⅳ型胶原(collagen type Ⅳ,Ⅳ-C)的含量,化学法测定肝脏羟脯氨酸(hydroxyproline,Hyp)的含量。采用HE染色及VonGieson胶原纤维特殊染色观察肝组织结构改变及肝纤维化程度。图像分析系统定量分析肝内胶原纤维含量。结果扶正健肝方能明显降低人血白蛋白诱导肝纤维化大鼠血清层粘连蛋白、透明质酸和Ⅳ型胶原的含量(P<0.05,P<0.01),同时可降低大鼠肝脏中羟脯氨酸的含量。病理学观察,扶正健肝方能使大鼠胶原纤维沉积明显减轻,假小叶结构明显减少。图像定量分析显示扶正健肝方能明显降低肝脏胶原纤维的含量。结论扶正健肝方能通过对肝脏胶原物质代谢的影响而抑制人血白蛋白诱导的大鼠肝纤维化形成和发展。     

抗肝纤方对大鼠肝纤维化防治作用的实验研究

目的：通过大鼠肝纤维化动物模型，研究抗肝纤方预防肝纤维化的作用，并探讨其作用机制。方法：采用二甲基亚硝胺(DMN)诱导大鼠制备肝纤维化模型，以秋水仙碱为阳性对照，采用光镜观察组织学改变并测定血清谷丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、谷草氨酸转移酶(AST)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、和Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ—C)，以反映肝细胞损伤及肝纤维化的程度。结果：抗肝纤方能显著降低大鼠血清中ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ、Ⅳ—C的水平，升高ALB。病理组织学检查亦表明，抗肝纤方能明显减轻实验大鼠肝脏纤维化程度。结论：抗肝纤方对实验性肝纤维化有预防作用。     

肝纤愈对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝功能及组织病理学改变的影响

目的:建立大鼠免疫损伤性肝纤维化的实验模型,研究中药复方肝纤愈(GXY)对肝纤维化模型动物肝功能指标及肝组织病理学的影响。方法:在以人血白蛋白(HSA)诱导的免疫损伤性肝纤维化大鼠模型基础上,GXY小剂量(6.1g/kg)、大剂量(12.2g/kg)灌胃给药,连续8周,以鳖甲软肝片和秋水仙碱为阳性对照药。测定大鼠血清中ALT、AST、TP、Alb含量;光镜、电镜观察肝组织病理学改变。结果:GXY(大)组可明显降低HSA诱导免疫性肝纤维化大鼠模型血清中ALT、AST的含量,升高Alb的含量,同时可改善实验大鼠生存质量,且可显著改善肝组织病理学。结论:GXY具有明显的抗肝纤维化作用。     

肝纤颗粒抗实验性肝纤维化药效学研究

目的观察肝纤颗粒对肝纤维化动物血清相关指标（ALT、AST、ALP、TBiLi、LN、HA、Ⅳ-C）、肝脏羟脯氨酸（Hyp）和肝脏病理组织的影响。方法以四氯化碳皮下注射复制大鼠化学性肝纤维化模型,与秋水仙碱作比较。结果肝纤颗粒能显著降低肝纤维化大鼠血清ALT、AST和ALP活性,降低血清HA、LN及肝组织Hyp含量,病理组织观察亦显示给药组肝纤维化程度较模型组轻。结论肝纤颗粒具有较好的抗肝纤维化作用。     

参赤提取物对BSA致大鼠实验性肝纤维化的作用研究

目的：观察参赤提取物对牛血清白蛋白（BSA）致大鼠肝纤维化的治疗作用，为临床应用参赤提取物提供理论依据。方法：采用静脉注射BSA免疫性诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型。造模后，给予大鼠胃饲参赤提取物。检测大鼠血清肝功能及与肝纤维化相关的部分指标、肝组织羟脯氨酸含量（HYP），并对肝组织进行病理学观察。结果：参赤提取物可使BSA免疫性诱导的肝组织纤维增生、变性和坏死明显减轻。参赤提取物各组大鼠血清ALT、AST、HA、LN、PC—Ⅲ Ⅳ-C及肝组织羟脯氨酸含量与模型组比较均显著降低：除低剂量组外．其余各给药组大鼠血清ALB较模型组显著升高。结论：参赤提取物具有保护肝细胞，维护肝功能．抗肝纤维化的作用．其作用机理与胶原代谢有直接的关系。     

外源性硫化氢对大鼠慢性肝纤维化的保护作用

目的观察外源性硫化氢(H2S)对四氯化碳(CCl4)致大鼠肝纤维化的保护作用。方法 CCl4复制大鼠肝纤维化模型后分为模型组和预防组,模型组给予生理盐水腹腔注射,预防组给予NaHS腹腔注射,观察各组大鼠血清中透明质酸(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)及白蛋白(Alb)的变化,以及肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)活性变化及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化,并应用HE和Masson染色观察各组肝组织病理学改变。结果与模型组比较,预防组大鼠血清ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ及肝组织MDA含量均降低,而血清中Alb及肝组织中SOD及GSH-Px活性升高;病理学检测肝纤维化程度显著减轻。结论外源性H2S对CCl4诱导的大鼠慢性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与抑制肝内胶原合成、减少自由基生成、减轻脂质过氧化及抑制肝星状细胞增殖活化有关。     

归味消纤丸抗大鼠实验性肝纤维化的药效研究

目的：：从动物整体水平评价归味消纤丸抗四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的大鼠肝纤维化药效,进一步验证归味消纤丸抗肝纤维化作用。方法：将72只健康 SD 大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、HGP 组、GWXX低、中、高剂量组(1.5、3、6 g/kg)。除正常组外每组均采用 CCl4灌胃方法造成大鼠慢性实验性肝纤维化模型,各药物组在造模同时每天给予相应药物。给药12周末,以大鼠肝脏指数、肝纤维四项(HA、LN、PCⅢ、C-Ⅳ)为指标,观察归味消纤丸抗大鼠实验性肝纤维化作用。结果：与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝脏指数升高不明显(P >0.05)。与模型组比较,HGP 组、GWXX 中剂量组和 GWXX 高剂量组肝脏指数升高不明显(P >0.05),GWXX 低剂量组肝脏指数明显升高(P <0.05);与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清 HA、PCⅢ、C-Ⅳ显著增高(P <0.01)。与模型组比较,HGP 组血清 HA 明显降低(P <0.05),血清 PCⅢ(P <0.01)显著降低,而血清 LN、C Ⅳ差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。与模型组比较,GWXX 低剂量组和GWXX 高剂量组的血清 HA、PC Ⅲ显著降低(P <0.01),GWXX 中剂量组血清 HA、PC Ⅲ、C-Ⅳ(P <0.01)显著降低。结论：归味消纤丸能有效抑制 CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化,尤其以 GWXX 中剂量组效果最为明显。     

施普瑞对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的防治作用

为观察施普瑞对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的防治作用。采用40%CCl_4诱导大鼠肝纤维化。实验分为正常对照组、CCl_4组及施普瑞组。施普瑞组每公斤饲料加入螺施藻精粉50.4g。共12周。观察肝脏组织学,肝脏羟脯氨酸含量和血清Ⅲ型前胶原肽(PC—Ⅲ)及透明质酸(HA)水平。结果施普瑞组大鼠肝纤维化程度、PC—Ⅲ、HA水平及肝羟脯氨酸含量明显低于CCl_4组(P<0.05或<0.01)。结果提示施普瑞对实验性肝纤维化有防治作用。     

小柴胡汤通过TGF-β1/Smad通路改善大鼠肝纤维化

目的研究小柴胡汤通过转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad通路改善大鼠肝纤维化的作用及机制。方法雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、中药组、中药+SRI组,采用四氯化碳皮下注射的方式建立大鼠肝纤维化模型,给与小柴胡汤灌胃及Smad2/3激活剂SRI-011381腹腔注射干预。比较各组大鼠肝脏病理改变、血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、白蛋白(ALB)、透明质酸(HA)、层粘蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)含量,以及肝脏中TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3表达的差异。结果与对照组比较,模型组大鼠出现了典型的肝纤维化病理改变,血清中ALB的含量降低,血清中ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ的含量及肝脏中TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3的表达水平增加;与模型组比较,中药组大鼠肝纤维化的病理改变减轻,血清中ALB的含量增加,血清中ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ的含量及肝脏中TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3的表达水平降低;与中药组比较,中药+SRI组大鼠肝纤维化的病理改变加重,血清中ALB的含量降低,血清中ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ的含量及肝脏中TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3的表达水平增加。结论小柴胡汤能够改善大鼠的肝纤维化,抑制TGF-β1/Smad通路是介导这一改善作用可能的分子机制。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.