内镜单鼻腔蝶窦入路切除垂体腺瘤

目的总结内镜单鼻腔蝶窦入路切除垂体腺瘤临床应用体会。方法对经CT或MRI诊断为垂体腺瘤的12例患者采用经单鼻腔蝶窦入路手术。术中应用观察内镜进入单侧鼻腔,于鼻中隔后1/3处剥离鼻粘膜,将骨性鼻中隔根部离断,推向对侧,暴露蝶窦开口,咬开蝶窦前壁进入蝶窦腔。打开鞍底,分块切除肿瘤。结果12例患者中微腺瘤4例,大腺瘤8例,均达肿瘤全切除,无严重并发症。结论内镜单鼻腔蝶窦入路是一种微创、暴露好、并发症少的切除垂体腺瘤的手术方式。部分患者可局麻下手术。     

症状性Rathke囊肿的诊断和显微手术治疗

目的：探讨症状性Rathke囊肿的诊断和治疗方法。方法：18例症状性Rathke囊肿病例均采用经单鼻孔蝶窦入路显微外科手术治疗，切除部分囊壁，敞开囊腔，清除囊肿内容物。结果：术后随诊3个月至10年，18例患者的症状均有缓解，4例患者术后复发。结论：鞍区症状性Rathke囊肿术前较难明确诊断，CT／MRI检查呈多样性，无特异性。经单鼻孔蝶窦入路显微外科手术可明确诊断，缓解症状，患者预后良好，是治疗垂体Rathke囊肿的有效方法。病例复发与鳞状上皮化生有关。     

鞍区Rathke's囊肿临床分析

目的:探讨鞍区Rathke囊肿的诊断和手术治疗.方法:对6例Rathke囊肿病例采用单鼻孔蝶窦入路、翼点入路和眉弓锁孔入路显微神经外科手术治疗,切除部分囊壁,敞开囊腔,清除囊肿内容物.结果:术后随诊6mo～3a,本组症状均有缓解,3a均未复发.结论:鞍区Rathke囊肿CT、MRI检查无特异性,术前较难明确诊断.经单鼻孔蝶窦入路显微外科手术是其有效治疗方法,可以明确诊断,缓解症状,病人预后良好,是治疗垂体Rathke囊肿的有效办法.     

垂体Rathke's囊肿的MRI诊断

目的 探讨垂体Rathke's囊肿MRI的影像特征和诊断价值.方法 鞍区垂体囊肿性病变18例,行鞍区薄层T1WI和T2WI矢状位和冠状位扫描以及T1WI冠状位动态增强扫描,在半年内追踪复查1次,结合临床资料由2名以上高年资医师分析其影像表现.结果 15例鞍区囊肿性病变表现为矢状位垂体中后1/3的圆形、椭圆形肿块,冠状位居垂体中央或偏居一侧.2例鞍区囊肿性病变表现为矢状位垂体腺体部底部的扁丘状小肿块.1例鞍区囊肿性病变表现为冠状位两分叶状改变,上部相对小居垂体上缘,下部相对较大居垂体右侧缘.多数囊肿性病变主要位于鞍内,少数可向鞍上发展,大小0.3～1.2 cm,信号多变,增强后有2例病灶边缘环形轻度强化信号,18例半年内追踪复查一次,垂体囊肿性病变的位置、大小、信号和增强均无明显变化.18例鞍区垂体囊肿性病变均诊断为垂体Rathke's囊肿.结论 垂体Rathke's囊肿在MRI影像上有特征性表现,复查MRI对少数特殊Rathkes囊肿的诊断有帮助.     

内窥镜辅助经鼻中隔中后段垂体肿瘤切除术18例报告

目的探讨直接经单侧鼻腔-蝶窦入路显微手术切除垂体瘤的疗效。方法对18例垂体肿瘤患者CT扫描或MRI明确手术适应症后，均采取经单侧鼻腔-蝶窦入路显微手术切除肿瘤。结果全切17例，次全切除1例。视力视野改善11例，头痛均减轻或消失，月经恢复5例；发生-过性尿崩2例，脑脊液漏1例，无鼻梁塌陷、上门齿麻木及鼻中隔穿孔等并发症，无手术死亡病例。结论只要病例选择得当，单则鼻腔经蝶入路垂体瘤切除术具有鼻腔结构损伤小，切除肿瘤彻底，术后并发症少等优点。     

垂体瘤的手术入路选择

目的探讨垂体肿瘤切除的手术入路。方法对68例垂体肿瘤患者根据患者具体病情,选择锁孔入路,经翼点入路,经鼻蝶入路,经鼻蝶联合翼点入路等手术入路方法,将垂体肿瘤在显微镜下彻底切除。结果术后出现并发症患者18例,占比26.47%,尿崩症是经颅手术入路方法术后主要并发症,脑脊液鼻漏是经单侧鼻腔-蝶窦手术入路方法术后主要并发症。结论垂体肿瘤的手术入路选择应该根据患者具体病情和手术入路特点合理选择,才能够取得良好的治疗效果。     

经单侧鼻孔-蝶窦入路切除垂体腺瘤

目的：介绍经单鼻孔蝶窦入路行垂体腺瘤的显微手术方法，常见并发症及处理方法。方法：手术显微镜下采用经单鼻孔蝶窦入路切除垂体腺瘤32例。沿一侧鼻腔置牵开器至蝶窦前壁中下部，将鼻中隔完整推向对侧，根据解剖定位进入蝶窦，打开鞍底切除肿瘤。结果：本组手术经过顺利，无严重并发症。结论：经解剖定位单鼻孔-蝶窦入路切除垂体腺瘤准确、并发症少、省时，是切除垂体腺瘤理想的手术入路。     

脑垂体脓肿15例CT和MRI表现及临床病理研究

目的:探讨脑垂体脓肿的影像学特点。方法 :15例经手术和病理证实的垂体脓肿患者,术前均行CT扫描和鞍区MRI平扫及增强扫描。结果 :CT示7例鞍区呈等密度,5例呈低密度,1例呈略高密度病灶,2例呈混杂密度病灶,边界均清楚;MRI示11例长T1,长T2信号,2例呈等T1,长T2信号,13例显示增强后可见囊壁环形强化,且冠状位上均可见垂体柄增粗及强化,为中枢性尿崩提供了形态学上的线索。结论:垂体脓肿的影像学有特征性,术前CT提示鞍区边界清楚的等密度或略高密度病灶,鞍区磁共振及增强示类圆形囊状占位性病变,等或长T1,长T2,囊壁呈环形强化,伴蝶窦内粘膜增厚等,尤其是术前合并尿崩者应考虑垂体脓肿的诊断。     

翼点入路显微手术切除鞍区颅咽管瘤15例

目的:探讨显微手术切除鞍区颅咽管瘤的有效方法及术后并发症的预防.方法:回顾性分析15例鞍区颅咽管瘤病人,均行翼点入路显微手术切除肿瘤.结果:8例达到肿瘤全切除,4例近全切,3例部分切除.术中垂体柄保留5例,术中断裂1例,术中未见垂体柄9例.结论:经翼点入路是切除鞍区颅咽管瘤的有效方法,利用显微外科技术,保护下丘脑结构和功能,对降低术后并发症起重要作用.     

经单鼻孔蝶窦入路显微镜下切除鞍区占位性病变60例

目的：探讨并总结经单鼻孔蝶窦入路手术的适应证、技巧及术后处理。方法：60例鞍区占位患者充分术前准备,采取经单鼻孔蝶窦手术入路治疗,术中严格中线操作,有序切除病变组织,部分重建鞍底。术后监测实验室指标、积极纠正内环境失衡等。结果：术后病理证实垂体腺瘤47例,拉克氏囊肿6例,垂体脓肿4例,颅咽管瘤3例;手术全切52例,大部切除8例;术后尿崩39例,电解质紊乱35例,1个月后激素异常7例,抽搐发作6例,垂体危象4例,无脑脊液鼻漏、颅内感染及死亡病例。结论：经单鼻孔蝶窦入路手术适用于切除鞍区占位性病变;术中确定中线结构并严格中线操作、有序切除病变、不漏水性封闭、并适时鞍底重建是手术成功的关键;积极纠正内环境紊乱是术后安全的有力保障。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.