Chiari骨盆截骨术治疗包容不良性股骨头骺坏死症

目的 通过临床总结，寻找一种治疗股骨头骺坏死症可靠有效的方法。方法 对我院1980－1997年间采用Chiari骨盆截骨术治疗该疾患32例的长期随访，对临床及影像学与相关术式作一对比。结果 Chiari骨盆截骨术损伤小、成功率高、并发症少，优良率达93.75%。结论 Chiari骨盆截骨术是治疗髋臼包容不良性股骨头骺坏死症疗效可靠的术式。     

旋股外动脉全支植入联合改良Chiari骨盆内移截骨治疗中青年中晚期股骨头坏死

[目的]探讨旋股外动脉全支植入联合改良Chiari骨盆内移截骨治疗中青年中晚期股骨头坏死的临床效果.[方法]1996～2008年采用旋股外动脉全支植入联合改良Chiari骨盆内移截骨治疗中青年中晚期股骨头坏死128例136髋,手术先将旋股外动脉全支在手术显微镜下游离后植入股骨头坏死区内,然后采用改良Chiari骨盆内移截骨,以改变负重力线,增加股骨头包容,减轻股骨头坏死区应力,促进其修复.术后定期随访,采用百分法进行疗效评价.[结果]手术时间平均210 min,手术出血量平均560 ml,无严重并发症发生.所有患者术后平均随访42个月(24～96个月),大多数患者髋关节疼痛和关节功能明显改善,术后24个月随访显示优良率达84.6%,X线片示大部分患者塌陷没有加重,死骨吸收并出现修复.[结论]旋股外动脉全支植入联合改良Chiari骨盆内移截骨是中青年中晚期股骨头坏死患者一种安全、有效的保头治疗方法,大部分患者可保留一个无痛且功能良好的髋关节.     

发育性髋关节发育不良的手术治疗进展

发育性髋关节发育不良(DDH)为常见的先天畸形之一,临床在严格掌握适应证的情况下,应尽早给予相应手术治疗,可获得较好的预后.目前治疗DDH的常用手术方法为全髋关节置换、Salter骨盆截骨术、Ganz髋臼周围截骨术、Dega髋臼成形术、Pemberton截骨术、Chiari骨盆截骨术、股骨截骨术以及微创术式等,但对于手...     

Chiari骨盆内移截骨术治疗髋臼发育不良

髋臼发育不良指髋臼对股骨头的覆盖不全，关节有半脱位或脱位的趋势。Chiari骨盆内移截骨术由Chiari于1955年提出，该手术足将截骨远端内移，以增加股骨头外侧的包容，使身体的负重力线移向内侧，增强了髋外展肌群的力量，改善跛行步态。此术式主要用于治疗大龄儿童及成人髋臼发育不良。本文就其运用于髋臼发育不良治疗方面的进展进行综述。     

大龄先天性髋关节脱位的关节功能重建

自1991年1月～1992年12月,采用Chiari骨盆内移截骨术治疗大龄先天性髋关节脱位、重建髋关节功能12例共13个髋。全部病例均获得随访,根据临床及X线片评价,疗效优良率达85％。对应用Chiari骨盆内移截骨术重建髋关节功能的适应证、术式应用价值及临床效果等有关问题进行了讨论。     

经髋臼缘截骨术治疗成人髋臼发育不良(附56例报告)

目的：探讨手术治疗成人髋臼发育不良的一种新方法。方法：在Chiari骨盆内移截骨的基础上，于髋臼缘上3～mm处进行骨盆截骨；截骨远端内移后，可使畸形半脱位的股骨头，通过关节囊与髂骨近端对股骨头产生良好的覆盖和承重，股骨头覆盖面积明显加大。结果：平均随访25个月，疼痛缓解、髋关节功能优良率达87．5％，X线摄片示股骨头的覆盖率术前为70％，术后上升到95％。结论：经髋臼缘截骨术是治疗成人髋臼发育不良的有效方法。     

综合保髋手术治疗髋关节发育不良晚期病变远期疗效评价

目的:探讨Chiari截骨、血管束植入为基础的综合手术治疗髋关节发育不良晚期病变的远期疗效。方法:42例(61髋)髋关节发育不良晚期病变患者接受以Chiari截骨、血管束植入为基础术式的综合手术治疗。本组年龄27~42岁,平均36.1岁。61髋中行单纯Chiari骨盆截骨、股骨头内血管束植入术39髋,配合髋臼加盖术16髋,配合股骨近端旋转截骨术2髋,配合髋臼加盖术及股骨近端旋转截骨术4髋。结果:本组平均随访时间8.4年,最后随访时,5例5髋已行人工髋关节置换,其他37例56髋Harris评分术前平均58分,术后平均83分,疗效优良43髋(76.8%)。CE角:术前平均8.7°,术后平均28.5°。股骨头覆盖指数:术前平均61.4%,术后平均83.2%。结论:该综合手术方法对髋关节发育不良晚期病变可以显著缓解临床症状,改善髋关节功能,提高患者生活质量,大大延缓人工全髋关节置换术的时间。     

Chiari骨盆内移截骨术治疗髋臼发育不良

髋臼发育不良指髋臼对股骨头的覆盖不全,关节有半脱位或脱位的趋势。Chiari骨盆内移截骨术由Chiari于1955年提出,该手术是将截骨远端内移,以增加股骨头外侧的包容,使身体的负重力线移向内侧,增强了髋外展肌群的力量,     

Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位术后并发症分析

目的：对Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术,部分合并股骨近端旋转截骨治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位术后出现的并发症进行分析,并对其产生的原因进行分析,以期能找出降低术后并发症的方法和措施。方法：本组患儿42例,男t0例,女32例,年龄6岁～16岁,平均9．2岁。采用髋关节前方切口,切开关节囊,找见真臼,清理真臼内软组织,复位股骨头于真臼内;真髋臼缘上方0．5cm处行骨盆完全截骨,髂骨块植入截骨处,行加盖,进一步增加股骨头的包容。部分患儿行股骨近端旋转截骨,纠正前倾角。结果：42例患儿经1～6年的随访（平均3．5年）,出现再脱位3例,股骨头缺血性坏死2例,坐骨神经损伤1例,髋关节功能障碍4例。结论：Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术虽然是治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位的一种较为有效的方法,但术后并发症的发生率较高。提示我们在术前一定要选择合适的病例,术中仔细操作,尽量避免并发症的发生。     

Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位术后并发症分析

目的：对Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术,部分合并股骨近端旋转戗骨治疗大龄儿童发育性髋天节脱位术后出现的并发症进行分析,并对其产生的原因进行分析,以期能找出降低术后开发症的办法和措施。方法：本组患儿42例,男10例,女32例,年龄6岁～16岁,平均9．2岁。采用髋关节前方切口,切开关节囊,找见真口,清理真门内软组织,复位股骨头于真臼内;真髋臼缘上方0．5cm处行骨盆完全截骨,髂骨块植入截骨处,行加盖,进一步增加股骨头的包容。部分患儿仃股骨近端旋转戡骨,纠正前倾角。结果：42例患儿经1-6年的随访（平均3．5年）,出现再脱位3例,股骨头缺血性坏死2例,坐骨神经损伤1例,髋关节功能障碍4例。结论：Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术虽然是治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位的一种较为有效的方法,但术后并发症的发生率较高。提示我们在术前一定要选择合适的病例,术中仔细操作,尽量避免并发症的发生。     

Behavior of the proximal femur during the treatment of congenital dysplasia of the hip: a clinical long-term study

The influence of the acetabular cover on the development of the proximal femur during the treatment of congenital dysplasia of the hip was studied in 47 children (58 hips) with a follow-up of 22 years. Varus osteotomy failed to correct hip dysplasia in 33 hips of 27 children. Chiari osteotomy was followed by a positive anti-Chiari effect (oval shaped acetabulum with proximal migration of the femoral head) in 15 children (20 hips). In five children (five hips) with coxa vara due to avascular necrosis, the anti-Chiari effect was negative. The combination of Chiari and varus osteotomy before the age of 8 years was followed by a positive anti-Chiari effect and recurrence of valgus deformity in seven of eight hips. The long-term failure of the varus and Chiari osteotomy, together with a review of clinical and experimental surveys, led us to prefer the acetabular redirectional osteotomy.     

改良Chiari髂骨截骨组合术治疗儿童Perthes病的手术时机及疗效评定标准

目的 探讨改良Chiari髂骨截骨治疗儿童Perthes病的手术时机与疗效评定标准.方法 1986年6月至2004年12月,采用改良Chiari髂骨截骨、髋关节滑膜切除、股骨颈钻孔减压、髂腰肌延长和股内收肌松解的组合式手术治疗Perthes病患儿234例,其中得到3年以上随访者108例,男61例,女47例;年龄3岁2个月～13岁6个月,平均7岁3个月.根据术前骨盆X线片按Catterall法分期,Ⅰ期10例,Ⅱ期3l例,Ⅲ期32例,Ⅳ期35例.采用邸建德等、Green等和Mose的Perthes病疗效评定标准为基础,自行制定五项十分法进行疗效评定,即临床症状、患肢长度、头骺覆盖率、头骺形状和关节转子间距等,满分为10分,总分≥9分为优,7～8分为良,5～6分为可,≤4分为差.结果 108例患儿随访时间3～12年,平均5年8个月.术后无一例发生血管及神经损伤、切口感染、骨不连等并发症.患儿术前存在的轻度髋内旋和外展活动障碍及关节疼痛均消失.根据五项十分法进行疗效评定,Ⅰ期优良率90.00%,Ⅱ期优良率90.32%,二者平均为90.24%;Ⅲ期优良率68.75%,Ⅳ期优良率68.57%,二者平均为68.66%.早期(Ⅰ、Ⅱ期)优良率明显好于晚期(Ⅲ、Ⅳ期).结论 早期采用改良Chiari髂骨截骨治疗儿童Perthes病的效果明显好于晚期.五项十分法的疗效评定标准可较好地对患儿术后的远期效果作出前瞻性评估.     

Dynamics of hip joint remodeling after Chiari osteotomy: 10 patients with neuromuscular disease followed for 8 years

We analyzed the development of 10 hips in 10 consecutive patients with neuromuscular disease (9 with spasticity, 1 with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) who had undergone Chiari osteotomy for painful hip subluxation or dislocation. The patients were 11 (5-19) years old at surgery and follow-up time was 8 (6-11) years.

The Chiari osteotomy particularly improved and maintained femoral head coverage. These parameters did not show the postoperative deterioration noted in some other studies. The osteotomy did not improve femoral head lateral displacement. Throughout the postoperative period, the configuration of the proximal femur and the height of the joint cartilage were unchanged and undisturbed, indicating that osteotomy did not place excessive or uneven pressure on the femoral head.

The ambulatory status of the patients was dependent on the severity of the underlying disease, and was not improved by osteotomy. However, pain associated with subluxation or dislocation was reduced in 9 of the patients.     

The results of surgical treatment for Perthes' disease

We report the clinical and radiological results following intertrochanteric varus osteotomy and Chiari pelvic osteotomy for Perthes' disease in 70 hips with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. The indication depended on lateralization of the epiphysis of the femoral head with or without full containment in the abduction radiograph, thickening of the acetabular floor, coxa magna, and osteoarthritis. Epiphyseal quotient and sphericity showed that head deformity is mostly permanent; the acetabulum-head quotient provided good coverage. Operation in the condensation stage achieved far better results than later operations. From these and other results, the late and mild occurrence of osteoarthritis can be assumed despite deformed femoral head or acetabulum, with full coverage provided.     

Cuneiform osteotomy of the femoral neck in the treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis

I reviewed the cases of eighty-two patients (106 hips) with slipped capital femoral epiphysis who were treated during a twenty-four-year period. Of these, forty-two hips had a sufficiently severe displacement to require surgical correction by means of a cuneiform osteotomy of the neck of the femur just distal to the physis. The purpose was to restore the normal anatomical relationship of the proximal capital femoral epiphysis to the neck of the femur. Follow-up of these patients ranged from two to twenty-two years, with an average of nine years and nine months. Aseptic necrosis developed in one femoral head and osteoarthritis developed in one hip. The remaining forty hips were graded as having an excellent result.     

Sugioka's Modified Hungria-Kramer intertrochanteric osteotomy in the treatment of severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis

From May 1990 to November 1997, 24 cases of severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis were treated by an osteotomy that is a modification of the Hungria-Kramer intertrochanteric osteotomy proposed by Sugioka (Hungria-Kramer-Sugioka osteotomy or HKS osteotomy). The degree of displacement as seen on the frog-leg lateral radiograph of the proximal femur was measured according to the deviation of the longitudinal axis of the epiphysis from the center line of the neck (Fish classification). All hips were considered as grade III and underwent HKS osteotomy. Sugioka's radiographic study (true AP view with the limb internally rotated until the patella is perpendicular to the x-ray beam, and lateral view with the hip in 90 degrees flexion and 45 degrees abduction) was performed before surgery to show that the real direction of the slip was posterior in relation to the neck. Clinical results were assessed according to Merle-D'Aubigné and Postel system modified by Charnley (hip score system that takes into consideration pain, gait, and joint motion). Roentgenographic results were considered good if none of the following was present: joint space decreased by more than 2 mm (chondrolysis), avascular necrosis of the femoral head, neck-shaft angle of less than 120 degrees, nonunion at the osteotomy site, and a epiphyseal plate still open. Follow-up varied from 31 to 120 months (average 65.1 months).     

Treatment of coxa magna in Perthes disease by pelvic osteotomy (author's transl)

In M. Perthes a progressive deformation and flattening of the epiphysis is caused by the stress in the hip. In the beginning stages a varisation osteotomie gives a sufficient reduction of the joint pressure and a modelling of the enlarged head by the acetabulum is possible. In later stages a detoriation of the head deformity with fixed adduction contracture can be caused by varisation osteotomie. Enlarging the acetabulum laterally and ventrally and medializing the hip-joint by means of a Chiari pelvic-osteotomy reduces the joint pressure so far, that a restitution of the hip joint with round and congruent joint surfaces can be expected. A lateralisation of the deformed femoral head with a secondary insufficiency of the acetabulum should also be treated by an additional pelvic osteotomy, if in the arthrography the lateral part of the head does not enter the acetabulum in abduction position. In secondary osteochondritis in hip luxation the treatment should be equal. Even an advanced secondary osteoarthritis after M. Perthes could be stopped by pelvic osteotomy over years.     

Reduction of neglected congenital dislocation of the hip in children over the age of six years.

Thirty-two neglected congenital dislocations of the hip in twenty-two children over the age of six years were treated by traction, open reduction and Chiari osteotomy. In five hips, where prolonged traction failed to bring the femoral heads into the vicinity of the acetabulum, a shortening subtrochanteric osteotomy of the femur was performed. The overall results were good and this regime of treatment is recommended.