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1.
目的探讨社区老年人自我感知老化、抑郁情绪与成功老化的关系,为促进社区老年人实现成功老化提供依据。方法便利抽取沈阳市3个社区685名老年人,采用简版自我感知老化量表(B-APQ)、精简版流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D-R)和成功老化量表进行调查。结果社区老年人的成功老化、抑郁和自我感知老化得分分别为(41.35±10.66)、(5.87±3.31)和(47.43±13.88)分。抑郁情绪可直接影响社区老年人的成功老化,还可通过自我感知老化的中介作用间接影响成功老化,中介效应占总效应的36.4%。结论自我感知老化是抑郁情绪和成功老化的中介变量,树立积极的自我感知老化有利于社区老年人实现成功老化。  相似文献   

2.
王港  魏敏  傅宏 《护理学杂志》2021,36(3):14-16
目的探讨社会支持和自我老化态度在日常生活活动能力与抑郁关系中的链式中介效应,为老年人抑郁研究和干预提供参考。方法从中国老年社会追踪调查(CLASS)数据集中采集6843名老年人填写的日常生活活动能力量表、社会网络量表、老化态度问卷和流调中心抑郁量表的数据,构建结构方程模型分析老年人日常生活活动能力、社会支持、自我老化态度与抑郁之间的关系。结果老年人日常生活活动能力得分与抑郁得分、自我老化态度得分呈正相关,与社会支持得分呈负相关;社会支持得分与自我老化态度得分呈负相关;自我老化态度得分与抑郁得分呈正相关(均P<0.01)。构建链式中介模型,老年人日常生活活动能力可以直接正向预测抑郁,也可以通过自我老化态度正向预测抑郁,还可以通过社会支持和自我老化态度的多重中介正向预测抑郁,总效应值0.369,间接效应值0.231,占总效应的62.60%。结论社会支持和自我老化态度在日常生活活动能力与抑郁关系中发挥链式中介作用。  相似文献   

3.
目的 了解社区老年人老化期望水平及其影响因素,为后续干预措施的制订提供参考.方法 采用一般资料调查表、老化期望量表21、感知年龄歧视调查表和家庭支持量袁对唐山市滦南县城社区217名老年人进行横断面调查.结果 社区老年人老化期望总分为45.86±12.28,4个维度中精神健康均分最高(2.68±0.66),认知功能均分最低(1.87±0.55);多元线性回归分析结果显示,感知年龄歧视、年龄、家庭支持、自评健康状况、家庭人均月收入、爱好、慢性病数量是社区老年人老化期望的影响因素(调整R2=0.762,P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 社区老年人老化期望表现呈中等偏下水平,其中精神健康期望最高、认知功能期望最低;护理人员应重点关注影响因素,制订精准干预措施,平衡和满足其老化期望.  相似文献   

4.
目的了解社区老年人认知功能与抑郁水平的关系,为制定针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法采用简易智能状态检查表(MMSE)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)对武汉市13个社区的628名老年人进行调查。结果社区老年人MMSE总均分为(26.41±3.89),9.24%有认知功能下降,不同年龄、婚姻状态、文化程度、兴趣爱好者认知功能下降发生率不同,有无抑郁症状的老年人定向力维度及MMSE总分差异有统计学意义(均P0.05);HAMD总均分为3.00(1.00,6.00),17.52%有抑郁症状,不同性别、文化程度、记忆力状态、兴趣爱好者抑郁症状发生率不同,MMSE是否下降的老年人认知障碍及迟缓维度得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。相关性分析显示,MMSE总分与HAMD总分及认知障碍、睡眠障碍、迟缓、绝望感维度呈负相关(P0.05,P0.01)。结论武汉社区认知功能下降和有抑郁症状的老年人占一定比例,且认知功能下降者更容易出现抑郁症状。需积极采取措施预防老年人认知功能下降,改善抑郁情绪,促进健康老龄化。  相似文献   

5.
目的 调查社区老年人老化期望现状,分析其影响因素.方法 采用便张抽样法,选取泸州市380名社区老年人,应用一般资料调查表、老化期望量表、一般自我效能量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷、孤独感量袁简化版进行问卷调查.结果 社区老年人老化期望得分为44.4(36.1,55.6)分,广义线性回归分析结果显示,性别、文化程度、是否独居、自我效能感、家庭功能、孤独感是社区老年人老化期望的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 社区老年人老化期望处于中等偏下水平,影响因素较多,社区卫生服务人员应掌握其影响因素,采取有针对性的措施提升老年人的老化期望.  相似文献   

6.
目的探讨社区老年人社会隔离、抑郁孤独负性情绪与生活质量的关系,并分析抑郁孤独负性情绪在社会隔离与生活质量间的中介作用。方法采用Lubben社会网络量表-6、老年抑郁量表、孤独感量表及简明健康状况量表对592名社区老年人进行调查。结果社区老年人社会隔离、抑郁、孤独及生活质量得分依次为(14.95±4.58)、(5.19±3.13)、(42.06±8.53)和(113.02±10.56)分。社会隔离得分与抑郁和孤独呈负相关,与生活质量呈正相关;抑郁和孤独与生活质量呈负相关(均P0.01)。社会隔离可直接影响生活质量(β=0.558),还可通过抑郁、孤独的部分中介作用间接影响生活质量(β=0.367);抑郁和孤独的中介效应分别占总效应的24.86%和14.81%。结论社区老年人社会隔离风险较高。社会隔离可直接影响或通过抑郁、孤独负性情绪间接影响老年人生活质量,应促进老年人积极融入社会,从而改善其负性情绪,提高生活质量。  相似文献   

7.
都匀市社区老年人抑郁症状影响因素分析   总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2  
目的了解都匀市社区老年人抑郁症状发生率及其影响因素。方法采用老年抑郁量表、社会支持评定量表及自行设计的一般资料调查表对都匀市社区210名老年人进行调查。结果老年人抑郁症状发生率为50.47%。不同性别、年龄、民族、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、社会活动、居住类型、生活费来源、经济收入、医疗费支付方式、健康自评、自理能力及社会支持状况的老年人抑郁评分比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);多元逐步回归分析显示抑郁症状受社会支持、健康自评、文化程度及社会活动的综合影响。结论抑郁症状是社区老年人常见的心理健康问题,受生理、心理、经济、家庭、社会等诸多因素的综合影响,应加强社区精神卫生服务。  相似文献   

8.
目的了解社区老年人衰弱状况与抑郁症状关系,为社区老年人心理健康管理提供参考。方法采用方便抽样对683名60岁及以上北京市社区老年人进行横断面调查,调查工具包括一般资料调查表、简明老年抑郁量表、日常生活活动能力量表及衰弱状况通过Fried的衰弱表型法进行划分。结果调查对象中抑郁症状发生率为19.9%,衰弱前期和衰弱的发生率分别为45.7%和11.1%;衰弱状况与抑郁症状呈正相关(P0.01);排除混杂因素后,衰弱前期和衰弱的社区老年人发生抑郁症状的风险高于其他老年人(均P0.01)。结论衰弱前期和衰弱的老年人是抑郁症状发生的高危人群,可通过多方面的衰弱管理进行抑郁症状的预防与干预,促进社区老年人身心健康。  相似文献   

9.
社区老年人抑郁症状及其影响因素的研究   总被引:68,自引:5,他引:63  
为了解社区老年人抑郁症状的发生率及其影响因素,采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)对上海市社区内778名≥65岁的老年人进行问卷调查。结果老年抑郁症状发生率为20.8%,女性生于男性。多元逐步回归分析显示抑郁症状与自尊评价、日常生活自理水平、社会支持、健康状态、经济状况、认知功能和主要照顾给予者等7个因素有关。据此提出心理应成为社区老年护理的重要内容;对老年人进行有的放矢的心理护理,必须立足于评估和控制那些与抑郁症症状的有关的影响因素。  相似文献   

10.
目的 对老年人老化期望量表进行汉化和信效度检验。方法 采用Beaton法对英文版老年人老化期望量表进行正译、综合、回译、专家委员会讨论及预试验形成中文版老化期望量表初始版本;采用便利抽样法选取378名社区老年人进行横断面调查,评价量表的信效度。结果 项目分析删除11个条目;探索性因子分析删除6个条目,提取4个公因子(身体健康、精神健康、认知功能、功能独立性),累积方差贡献率为68.635%,形成的中文版老化期望量表包含4个维度、21个条目;量表的内容效度指数为0.97;量表总的Cronbach′s α系数、折半信度、重测信度分别为0.944、0.952、0.936。结论 中文版老化期望量表具有良好的信效度,可作为老年人老化期望的测评工具。  相似文献   

11.

Background

Locomotive disorders are one of the main causative pathologies for the condition requiring assistance on activities of daily living (ADL). Although psychological concerns such as feeling of depression and anxiety are prevalent in elderly people, the causal relation among motor function, ADL disability, and psychological concerns is controversial.

Purpose

Purpose of this study was to investigate causal relationship among motor function, ADL disability, and psychological concerns in elderly people with locomotive disorders.

Methods

The data for this study were from a community-dwelling sample of 314 elderly persons with locomotive disorders aged 65 and older who visited orthopedic clinics and/or affiliated institutions. Motor function was assessed by one-leg standing time with eyes open, leg extension power and grip power. We assessed ADL disability using the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25), and psychological concerns by three self-reported questions. We constructed two models and tested fitness of the models to the data using a structural equation modeling (SEM). Model 1: motor function affects ADL disability and ADL disability affects psychological concerns, Model 2: motor function affects psychological concerns and psychological concerns affects ADL disability.

Results

The fit indices were chi-square = 23.152 (p = 0.081), RMSEA = 0.042, GFI = 0.981, AGFI = 0.955, CFI = 0.987 for Model 1, and chi-square = 84.583 (p < 0.001), RMSEA = 0.119, GFI = 0.935, AGFI = 0.854, CFI = 0.892 for Model 2. These fit indices indicated a good fit of the model 1 and inadequate fit of model 2 to the data.

Conclusion

Decline of motor function contributed toward psychological concerns via ADL disability in elderly people with locomotive disorders.  相似文献   

12.
目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间我国孕产妇心理健康状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法2020年2月22日至3月5日,采用患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表、广泛性焦虑量表、一般健康问卷对全国12省市的1261例孕产妇进行调查。结果孕产妇抑郁发生率为27.7%,焦虑发生率14.3%,焦虑、抑郁与心理健康呈正相关(均P<0.01)。因疫情延误产检、疫情对围生期的影响是孕产妇抑郁、焦虑的的共同危险因素。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,我国孕产妇焦虑、抑郁的发生率较高,影响因素较多。应重视孕产妇心理状态,进行个体化干预措施。  相似文献   

13.
Poor physical fitness and low serum vitamin D are known to be modifiable risk factors for cognitive declines with normal aging. We investigated the association of physical fitness and serum vitamin D levels with global cognitive function in older adults. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 412 older Korean adults (108 men aged 74.4 ± 6.0 years and 304 women aged 73.1 ± 5.4 years) completed the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess global cognitive performance and the senior fitness test to assess strength, flexibility, agility, and endurance domains of physical fitness. Body mass index, percent body fat, serum vitamin D, geriatric depression scale (GDS), level of education, smoking, and history of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease were also assessed as covariates. Age, sex, GDS, and body fatness were negatively associated with MMSE-based cognitive performance. Serum vitamin D and physical fitness were positively associated with MMSE-based cognitive performance. Multivariate linear regression showed that agility (partial R2 = -0.184, p = 0.029) and endurance (partial R2 = 0.191, p = 0.022) domains of physical fitness along with serum vitamin D (partial R2 = 0.210, p = 0.012) were significant predictors for global cognitive performance after controlling for covariates (i.e., age, sex, education, GDS, body fatness, and comorbidity index). The current findings of the study suggest that promotion of physical fitness and vitamin D supplementation should be key components of interventions to prevent cognitive decline with normal aging.

Key points

  • Cognitive declines are associated with normal aging as well as modifiable lifestyle risk factors, and there is an increasing need to identify the modifiable risk factors for the onset of cognitive declines and to provide evidence-based strategies for healthy and successful aging.
  • In Korea, little is known about the relationships of physical fitness and serum vitamin D with cognitive function in older adults, and we determined the associations between a) serum vitamin D levels and cognitive function and b) physical fitness and cognitive function among community-dwelling elderly Koreans.
  • The current findings of the study suggest that agility and endurance domains of physical fitness along with serum vitamin D were significant predictors for global cognitive performance after controlling for covariates.
Key words: Cognitive function, geriatrics, physical fitness, vitamin D  相似文献   

14.
目的探讨回忆疗法改善养老机构老年人抑郁情绪的效果。方法用老年抑郁量表(GDS)筛选出符合研究要求的老年人74人,随机分成对照组(38人)和干预组(36人)。对照组正常生活,干预组在此基础上进行为期6周的回忆性心理干预,分别在干预前及干预6周后测评老年人抑郁状态,并进行对比分析。结果干预后干预组GDS评分显著低于本组干预前及对照组干预后(均P〈0.01)。结论回忆疗法有助于缓解养老机构老年人的抑郁情绪,提高老年人对环境的适应能力。  相似文献   

15.
We have evaluated the association between trunk deformities of the sagittal plane and functional impairment of daily living in community-dwelling elderly subjects. The analysis involved a detailed assessment of indoor and outdoor activities of daily living, satisfaction with life, and mental status. The participants in this study were 236 community-dwelling older adults, aged 65 years and older, living in Kahoku district of Kochi in Japan. The participants were classified based on their posture, which was assessed using photographs of the subjects, and interviewed to assess their basic activities of daily living (BADL), instrumental ADL (IADL), and cognitive well-being in the cross-sectional study. The statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The lumbar kyphosis group received significantly lower BADL and IADL scores than the normal group. The trunk deformity group which were defined as kyphosis, flat back, and lumbar lordosis groups exhibited decreases in activities that included going out, shopping, depositing and withdrawing money, and visiting friends in the hospital. These activities require going outdoors; thus, this study showed that the trunk deformity group had limitations in outdoor activities. There was no significant difference between the geriatric depression score (GDS) and the pattern of posture. The abnormal trunk deformity groups tended to score lower than the normal group with regard to subjective healthiness and life satisfaction measures, including subjective health condition, everyday feeling, satisfaction with human relationships, satisfaction with economic condition, and satisfaction with present life.  相似文献   

16.
目的汉化痴呆恐惧量表,并在社区老年人中检验其信效度。方法根据Brislin翻译原则翻译痴呆恐惧量表,通过专家咨询和预试验进行文化调适,采用便利抽样法选取230名社区老年人进行问卷调查,检验中文版量表的信度和效度。结果中文版痴呆恐惧量表包含认知、社会和躯体3个维度,涉及痴呆症的体验与认识(7个条目)、担心家庭负担(4个条目)、羞耻感(3个条目)和躯体反应(4个条目)4个因子共18个条目。量表内容效度指数为0.934,各条目内容效度指数为0.857~1.000;探索性因子分析共提取4个公因子,累积方差贡献率为77.464%;总量表Cronbach′sα系数为0.893,重测信度为0.854。结论中文版痴呆恐惧量表在社区老年人中应用信效度较好,可用于老年人痴呆恐惧的识别和评估。  相似文献   

17.
This study examined the influence of lifetime accumulated trauma on late‐life mental health in a sample of 1,216 older adults, 65–94 years old, residing in New Zealand. Multiple regression analyses indicated that accumulated trauma predicted both depression and anxiety in this sample. The hypothesis that avoidance of memories and situations surrounding prior trauma mediates relationships between cumulative trauma and depression and anxiety was supported. Avoidance of prior traumatic memories and situations explained 49% of the variance between accumulated trauma and depression and 46% of the variance between accumulated trauma and anxiety. Results also suggest that traumatic experiences during young adulthood and middle age are stronger predictors of anxiety and depression among older adults than trauma experienced in childhood and adolescence.  相似文献   

18.
目的探讨老年人智力活动与认知功能的关系。方法采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表、一般人口学资料调查问卷和智力活动调查表对杭州市528位社区老年人进行认知功能和智力活动调查。结果 528名老年人认知功能得分25.65±2.59;智力活动参与得分2.00(1.00,2.00);是否参与玩棋牌纸牌麻将游戏和是否演奏乐器对老年人认知功能有显著影响(均P0.01);各认知域受损程度最高的是延迟回忆与视空间与执行功能。结论护理人员要重视老年人的认知功能下降并给予合理帮助,让老年人认识智力活动的重要性,提高积极性,科学参与,丰富晚年生活质量,改善认知功能。  相似文献   

19.
目的探讨心理一致感在老年患者睡眠障碍与心理健康的中介效应,为改善老年患者睡眠障碍、促进其心理健康提供参考。方法抽取锦州、大连、沈阳市6所三级甲等医院的住院老年患者650例,采用心理一致感量表(SOC-13)、心理健康指数量表(WHO-10)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)进行调查。结果老年患者睡眠障碍得分为7.25±3.74,心理一致感得分为67.17±7.30,心理健康得分为13.28±3.09,老年患者睡眠障碍与心理一致感、心理健康呈显著负相关(均P0.01),心理一致感与心理健康呈显著正相关(P0.01),心理一致感在住院老年患者睡眠障碍与心理健康间起部分中介作用。结论心理一致感是睡眠障碍和心理健康的中介变量,可降低睡眠障碍对心理健康的不良影响。提高住院老年患者的心理一致感有助于促进患者的心理健康,从而促进患者疾病的康复。  相似文献   

20.
目的了解南京市养老机构失能老人日常生活活动需求的未满足状况,分析影响需求未满足率的因素。方法便利抽取南京市11所养老机构,采用Barthel指数评定表和功能活动调查表筛查出258名失能老人,依据2个量表编制未满足需求评估表调查失能老人日常生活活动需求的未满足状况。结果养老机构失能老人ADL需求未满足率较高的是:平地行走(71.70%)、上下楼梯(59.41%)、坐车出行(69.05%)、娱乐爱好(76.47%)和社会交往(62.64%)。11所机构未满足率为32.28%~65.52%,中位数为41.25%。影响养老机构日常生活活动需求未满足的因素有失能老人的失能程度、文化水平、每月医疗照护支出、失能时长以及机构照顾者的年龄和每月收入(P0.05,P0.01)。结论养老机构失能老人在远距离离床活动和精神需求方面的需求未满足率较高。养老机构服务成效参差不齐。聘用年龄较低的照顾者及提高照顾者的收入水平有助于降低机构失能老人ADL需求的未满足率。  相似文献   

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