T1期非小细胞肺癌肺叶切除和亚肺叶切除的临床疗效比较

目的探讨肺叶切除和亚肺叶切除在T1期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)(肿瘤直径≤3 cm)外科治疗中的应用价值。 方法收集2007年1月至2014年12月在北京中日友好医院胸外科接受手术治疗的278例T1期NSCLC患者的临床资料。患者平均年龄(60.7 ± 10.4)岁。其中亚肺叶切除61例(楔形切除35例,肺段切除26例),肺叶切除217例。腺癌占81.7%,鳞癌占12.9%,其他占5.4%;高分化癌占8.6%,中分化癌占27.0%,低分化癌占20.5%,不能确定占43.9%。在腺癌中,浸润前病变占4.0%,微浸润腺癌占7.5%,浸润性腺癌占88.5%。T1N0M0占86.7%,T1N1M0占1.1%,T1N2M0占12.2%。 结果与肺叶切除组比较,亚肺叶切除组患者年龄较大、手术时间较短、病变≤2 cm的比例较高,两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(t＝0.496,P＝0.009;t＝8.082,P＝0.029;χ²＝2.105,P＝0.002)。但两组间在1秒钟用力呼气容积(FEV₁)、FEV₁%,以及手术方式和术后并发症发生率方面,差异均无统计学意义(t＝0.065,P＝0.713;t＝2.12,P＝0.085;χ²＝0.399,P＝0.274;χ²＝0.438,P＝0.490)。对于T1N0M0的NSCLC患者,亚肺叶和肺叶切除组患者的5年生存率分别为73.9%和83.5%,差异无统计学意义(P＝0.883)。亚肺叶切除组内分析显示：楔形切除组和肺段切除组患者的5年生存率分别为79.4%和70.6%,差异无统计学意义(P＝0.979)。多因素分析显示：仅有年龄和纵隔淋巴结转移N2为预后不良的危险因素(HR＝1.07,P＝0.048;HR＝5.56,P＝0.011)。亚肺叶切除组患者的5年生存率与肺叶切除组比较差异无统计学意义(HR＝1.38,P＝0.552)。 结论对于T1N0M0的NSCLC患者,亚肺叶切除虽然不可能完全替代肺叶切除手术,但是对于肺功能储备较差的老年患者可能逐渐成为主流术式。     

电视辅助胸腔镜手术治疗临床Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌的疗效研究

目的评价电视辅助胸腔镜手术(VATS)治疗临床Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效和安全性。方法行肺叶切除术的Ⅰ期NSCLC病人185例,根据病人的手术方式不同将病人分为VATS肺叶切除术组(VATS组)与常规开胸肺叶切除术组(开胸组),比较两组病人的临床资料、无病生存率(DFS)与总生存率(OS),采用Cox回归分析评价影响病人DFS与OS的预测因素。结果非小细胞肺癌病人185例,行VATS肺叶切除术87例,行常规开胸肺叶切除术98例。开胸组、VATS组手术时间分别为(124.39±28.97)分钟和(116.47±30.63)分钟,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);住院时间分别为(10.28±3.61)天和(12.82±4.77)天,肺部并发症发生率分别为13.2%和26.5%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。淋巴结取样数分别为(7.09±1.81)个和(8.13±1.74)个,N2纵隔淋巴结取样数分别为(2.25±0.58)个和(2.56±0.66)个,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。VATS组病人5年DFS和OS分别为57.8%和74.7%,开胸组分别为46.9%、62.2%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Cox回归分析显示,肿瘤体积较大是DFS与OS较差的预测因子。结论 VATS肺叶切除术可安全有效地治疗临床Ⅰ期NSCLC,与开胸肺叶切除术比较,VATS组病人住院时间短,肺部并发症少。淋巴结切除术结果和预后与接受开胸手术病人相当。     

肺段切除术与肺叶切除术治疗≤2 cm的ⅠA期非小细胞肺癌：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

目的比较肺叶切除术和肺段切除术治疗早期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)对患者预后的影响。方法相关文献来自Pubmed、Web of science、EMBASE、The Cochrane Library、CNKI、CBM、VIP和万方等数据库。从纳入的研究中直接提取或间接计算肺段切除术组与肺叶切除术组的相关数据。结果 2001年至2022年间发表的30项研究, 共纳入12 227例患者。与肺叶切除术相比, 肺段切除术对术前CT影像确定为≤2 cm的NSCLC患者的3年总生存率(OS)有显著益处(OR=0.86, 95%CI:0.75～1.00, P=0.05), 患者的5年OS(OR=0.91, 95%CI:0.76～1.09, P=0.30)和10年OS(OR=1.22, 95%CI:0.67 ～2.21, P=0.51)差异无统计学意义。患者的3年无进展生存率(PFS)(OR=0.87, 95%CI:0.67～1.13, P=0.30)和5年PFS(OR=0.87, 95%CI:0.69～1.10, P=0.26)差异无统计学意义。亚组分析中, 患者的3年及5年肺癌特异性生存率(LCSS...     

脏层胸膜侵犯与直径3～5cm非小细胞肺癌预后的相关性分析

目的评估脏层胸膜侵犯(viceral pleural invasion,VPI)对直径3~5 cm的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)预后的意义。方法回顾性分析2006年1月至2010年12月我院直径3~5 cm的NSCLC患者112例的临床资料,其中男72例、女40,年龄61(28~72)岁。术后病理为腺癌(adenocarcinoma,AC)62例,鳞癌(squamous cell carcinoma,SCC)44例,其他类型的NSCLC6例112例患者中有63例术后病理证实发生VPI为VPI组,其余49例患者无VPI发生,为NVPI组。所有患者均完成根治性肺叶切除+纵隔淋巴结清扫术。结果112例患者术后30 d内无手术相关死亡。VPI组63例患者有吸烟史的患者比例要明显高于NVPI组(53.9%vs.28.6%,P=0.007),VPI组的鳞癌患者所占的比例较高(81.0%),而NVPI组腺癌所占的比例较高(73.5%),两组差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。全组平均随访时间52个月。随访终点共32例患者死亡,总生存率(overall survival,OS)为71.4%。VPI组和NVPI组平均随访时间分别为51个月和54个月,两组差异无统计学意义(P=0.441)。Kaplan-Meier曲线分析结果显示VPI与NVPI两组随访终点OS分别为61.9%和83.7%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.017)。Cox回归分析显示仅年龄65岁(P=0.007),TNM分期(P=0.013)及VPI(P=0.035)是NSCLC预后的独立影响因素。结论直径3~5 cm的NSCLC患者发生VPI的预后较差,需要更为积极的术后治疗。     

ⅠB期非小细胞肺癌不同亚组的预后研究

目的探讨ⅠB期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)不同亚组的预后因素。 方法回顾性分析2008年3月至2013年12月间在福建医科大学附属协和医院胸外科接受手术切除的138例ⅠB期NSCLC患者的临床和随访资料。基于国际抗癌联盟(UICC)第七版肺癌分期,再根据肿瘤大小和脏层胸膜受侵情况,将患者细分为3组。ⅠB-a组：肿瘤直径≤3cm且脏层胸膜受侵;ⅠB-b组：3cm<肿瘤直径≤5cm且无脏层胸膜受侵;ⅠB-c组：3cm<肿瘤最大径≤5cm且脏层胸膜受侵。运用Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox比例风险模型,对影响NSCLC预后的因素进行分析。 结果ⅠB期NSCLC患者3年总体生存率为88.1%,其中ⅠB-a组75例,ⅠB-b组32例,ⅠB-c组31例,3年生存率分别为92.0%、90.6%和74.1%,3组生存率比较差异有统计学意义(χ²＝6.784,P＝0.034)。单因素分析显示,无论患者的性别(χ²＝0.103,P＝0.567)、年龄(χ²＝2.463,P＝0.117)、手术切除方式(χ²＝0.809,P＝0.368)、是否接受术后辅助化疗(χ²＝0.077,P＝0.791),还是肿瘤的位置(χ²＝0.091,P＝0.674)、脏层胸膜是否受侵犯(χ²＝0.085,P＝0.771)均无统计学意义,而肿瘤大小(χ²＝13.937,P＝0.007)和分化程度(χ²＝21.198,P＝0.000)均有统计学意义。进一步多因素分析显示,只有肿瘤低分化(RR＝0.027,95%CI为0.065～0.666,P＝0.003)和中分化(RR＝1.627,95%CI为1.020～2.597,P＝0.008)有统计学意义。 结论ⅠB期NSCLC不同亚组的3年生存率存在统计学差异,TNM分期对ⅠB期的定义可能仍有待改进。肿瘤大小及分化程度是影响患者3年生存率的重要因素,肿瘤中低分化是影响患者3年生存率的独立因素,而术后辅助化疗无影响,该结论有待进一步证实。     

早期(T1N0M0)非小细胞肺癌外科治疗的探讨

目的：探讨肺叶切除术和楔形切除术对早期(T1N0M0)非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效。方法：分析109例早期(T1N0M0)NSCLC病例的手术效果，其中楔形切除术51例(开胸组21例，胸腔镜组30例)，肺叶切除术58例；包括各治疗组间对术后并发症发生率、病死率、术后复发率、生存率及肺功能的评估。结果：各治疗组间肿瘤的组织类型、术后并发症发生率和病死率及后期肺功能差异无显著性。楔形切除组年龄偏大，慢性阻塞性肺病((COPD)发病率高，肺功能较差，与肺叶切除组相比，平均住院日明显减少，局部复发率增高，差异有统计学意义。1年生存率各组相似(开胸楔形切除组95％，胸腔镜楔形切除组95％，肺叶切除组91％)，5年生存率开胸楔形切除组58％，胸腔镜楔形切除组65％，肺叶切除组70％，差异有统计学意义(P=0．02)。结论：对有心肺功能损害的早期NSCLC病人，楔形切除术是一种可行的外科治疗；但由于局部复发率较高，只要病人心肺功能耐受，仍应首选肺叶切除术。     

术前血小板与淋巴细胞比值、平均血小板体积和血小板分布宽度对胶质母细胞瘤患者预后价值的研究

目的研究术前外周血中血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、平均血小板体积(MPV)和血小板分布宽度(PDW)对胶质母细胞瘤患者预后的影响。方法收集187例经术后病理学证实的初发脑胶质母细胞瘤患者的临床资料及生存资料。采用KaplanMeier法计算生存率,不同分组患者生存率的比较采用Log rank检验。采用多因素Cox回归分析独立预后影响因素。结果高PLR组1 a和3 a总生存率分别为50.6%、8.0%,1 a和3 a无进展生存率分别为36.9%、7.8%;低PLR组1 a和3 a总生存率为52.6%、27.1%,1 a和3 a无进展生存率为47.4%、28.4%,差异具有统计学意义(OS,P=0.032;PFS,P=0.026)。MPV(OS,P=0.148;PFS,P=0.098)和PDW(OS,P=0.398;PFS,P=0.392)对胶质母细胞瘤患者的临床预后无统计学意义(P0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,肿瘤切除程度、术后放疗、术后化疗、PLR是胶质母细胞瘤患者预后的影响因素(P0.05)。多因素分析显示:PLR80.74(OS,P=0.004;PFS,P=0.005)、肿瘤未全切(OS,P0.05;PFS,P0.05)是影响胶质母细胞瘤患者预后的独立危险因素。结论术前高的PLR水平预示着胶质母细胞瘤患者差的预后,PLR可作为预测患者临床预后的潜在的新的标记物,但MPV和PDW目前尚不能预测患者的临床预后。     

老年多发磨玻璃结节的外科治疗策略及疗效分析

目的探讨老年多发磨玻璃结节(GGO)的外科治疗策略及疗效。 方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2013年1月于复旦大学附属华东医院胸外科收治的78例老年多发GGO患者,根据术前影像学中磨玻璃结节实质部分比例,分为磨玻璃结节(GGO)组34例(C/T<0.5)和实质结节(SN)组44例(C/T>0.5),比较不同手术方式对两组患者总生存率的影响,并分析影响预后的因素。 结果亚肺叶切除组(37例)3年总生存率为87.3%,肺叶切除组(33例)为85.6%,两组间差异无统计学意义(χ²＝1.285,P>0.05);GGO组术后3年总生存率为97.1%,SN组为79.5%,GGO总生存率显著高于SN组(χ²＝8.490,P<0.05);T1a组3年总生存率为95.3%,T1b为77.1%,T1a组总生存率显著高于T1b组(χ²＝8.490,P<0.05)。术后预后多因素分析提示,结节直径(T)和C/T比与预后密切相关(P<0.05)。 结论老年多发磨玻璃患者的亚肺叶切除具有与肺叶切除相似的治疗效果,结节直径和C/T比是影响预后的因素。     

局限Ⅱ期小细胞肺癌的外科疗效分析

目的 探讨不同治疗手段和手术方式对局限Ⅱ期小细胞肺癌患者预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析2001年1月至2009年12月局限Ⅱ期小细胞肺癌患者82例临床病理资料.结果 全组患者中位生存期27.0个月,第1,3,5年生存率分别为62.1％,35.9％,21.0％.外科治疗患者中位生存期及5年生存率优于非外科治疗患者(P=0.000).行肺叶或全肺切除术患者中位生存期及5年生存率优于楔形切除术患者(P=0.048).行楔形切除术患者中位生存期及5年生存率优于非外科治疗患者(P =0.024).手术、化疗和放疗是影响局限Ⅱ期小细胞肺癌患者预后的独立因素.肺叶或全肺切除组局部复发率低于楔形切除组(P =0.030).远处转移率在肺叶或全肺切除组、楔形切除组和非外科治疗组呈逐渐上升趋势,通过两两比较,肺叶或全肺切除组低于非外科治疗组(P=0.021),肺叶或全肺切除组与楔形切除组、楔形切除组与非外科治疗组之间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对于局限Ⅱ期小细胞肺癌患者,首选的初始治疗应推荐肺叶或全肺切除术,术后建议常规行辅助性化放疗.     

N2期非小细胞肺癌的预后因素分析

目的 探讨有纵隔淋巴结转移(N2期)的非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的外科治疗疗效及影响预后的因素.方法 回顾性分析1999年1月至2003年5月手术治疗的117例N2 NSCLC患者(男性88例,女性29例,年龄29～79岁)的生存率,分析手术方式(肺叶切除、全肺切除、姑息性切除),病理类型(腺癌、鳞状细胞癌、混合癌、大细胞癌和其他类型),T分期以及术后综合治疗对预后的影响.结果 中位生存期为22个月,3年和5年生存率分别为28.1%和19.0%.年龄、性别、病理类型、围手术期化疗、术后放疗均未见与5年生存率有相关性.肺叶切除者的5年生存率为22.2%,全肺切除者为25.0%,均高于姑息性切除者的9.1%(P=0.001).T4期患者5年生存率为11.1%,低于T1-2期患者的37.5%(P=0.01).COX多因素分析示,手术方式和T分期与5年生存率相关.结论 外科治疗对T1-2 N2期NSCLC是最佳选择.对于T4期患者,由于不完全切除比例大,术前新辅助治疗比率低,手术提高长期生存率的效果有限.     

局部进展期胃癌术后进行奥沙利铂联合替吉奥辅助化疗的安全性和有效性

目的探究奥沙利铂联合替吉奥(SOX)方案作为局部进展期胃癌D2根治术后辅助化疗方案的安全性和有效性。方法采用描述性病例系列研究方法。病例纳入标准:(1)经胃镜活检或手术标本病理证实为胃腺癌;(2)接受D2根治手术,且术后接受SOX方案辅助化疗。排除标准:(1)术后病理分期为TNM分期Ⅰ期或Ⅳ期;(2)有急性并发症且接受急诊手术;(3)接受过新辅助治疗;(4)合并其他恶性肿瘤及有严重的、影响患者治疗及生存的合并症。回顾性纳入2014年1月至2019年12月于北京大学人民医院胃肠外科行D2根治手术的Ⅱ-Ⅲ期胃癌患者94例,分析患者化疗相关不良反应、总体生存(OS)和无进展生存(PFS)情况,并应用Kaplan-Meier进行生存分析,Log-rank法检验组间差异进行单因素分析;将单因素分析中P<0.2或临床有意义的指标纳入Cox回归模型进行多因素生存分析。结果本研究共纳入94例接受D2手术和术后辅助SOX方案化疗的Ⅱ-Ⅲ期胃癌患者,其中男性65例,女性29例,年龄(58.2±12.1)岁。存在高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等合并症患者33例,消化道肿瘤家族史11例;肿瘤位于胃窦或幽门部59例,胃体16例,胃底或贲门19例;行全胃切除患者29例,近端胃大部切除患者5例,远端胃大部切除患者60例。73例(77.7%)患者术后完成至少5周期的SOX辅助化疗方案。3-4级不良反应主要为血小板降低(23.4%, 22/94)、恶心呕吐(18.1%, 17/94)和外周神经毒性(6.4%, 6/94)。本组中位随访时间32(3-78)个月,89例(94.7%)完成随访,3年和5年OS分别为89.8%和83.7%,3年和5年PFS分别为81.4%和78.1%。术后化疗<5周期的患者3年OS为72.2%,3年PFS为53.9%,≥5周期患者的3年OS为93.7%,3年PFS为87.1%,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.029,P=0.006)。单因素分析显示,术后化疗<5周期(P=0.029)与本组患者3年OS有关;多因素分析显示,术后化疗<5周期(HR=9.419,95% CI:2.330-38.007,P=0.002)为接受D2根治手术的局部进展期胃癌患者3年OS的独立危险因素。同样地,单因素分析显示,术后化疗<5周期(P=0.006)、术前癌胚抗原>4.70 μg/L(P=0.035)和进行联合脏器切除(P=0.024)与本组患者3年PFS有关;多因素分析显示,术后化疗<5周期(HR=10.493,95% CI:2.466-44.655,P=0.001)和联合脏器切除(HR=127.518,95% CI:8.885-1 830.136,P<0.001)为接受D₂根治手术的局部进展期胃癌患者3年PFS的独立危险因素。结论奥沙利铂联合替吉奥作为辅助化疗方案,对于局部进展期胃癌安全有效,完成至少5周期的SOX方案辅助化疗可以改善Ⅱ-Ⅲ期胃癌患者预后。     

晚期胃肠道间质瘤靶向治疗后的外科治疗

目的探讨手术对于伊马替尼治疗后晚期胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）患者的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析13例术前予以伊马替尼治疗,然后接受手术切除的晚期GIST患者的临床资料。结果13例伊马替尼治疗后手术切除的患者中,有3例为局部晚期原发肿瘤,10例为复发或转移患者。治疗有效（RD组）的5例中有4例、疾病进展（PD组）的8例中有1例共计5例（38．5％）患者肿瘤获得完全切除。RD组无疾病进展生存（PFS）为24．8个月,PD组的PFS为2．8个月,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。RD组和PD组患者的总生存率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论在对伊马替尼治疗有效的晚期GIST患者中,伊马替尼治疗后再行外科手术切除是可行的。     

Synovial sarcoma in children: surgical lessons from a single institution and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Synovial sarcomas are malignant high-grade, soft-tissue neoplasms that account for 7% to 8% of all malignant soft-tissue tumors and are the most common nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft-tissue sarcomas in pediatric patients. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of the records of children younger than 17 years with synovial sarcoma treated at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from 1966 until 1999 was undertaken. Primary site, tumor size, tumor margins, surgical treatment, adjuvant therapy, local and distant recurrence, and survival were recorded for 42 patients. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The PFS and OS comparisons were performed using the log-rank test. RESULTS: Forty-four patients were identified, but two patients were excluded because of incomplete records. The median followup duration for the 42 patients was 8.8 years (range 0.2 to 22.4 years). The 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 75.6% and 87.7%, respectively. Eleven patients were dead and four others had progressed but were alive without evidence of disease after further therapy. Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) grouping and tumor invasiveness were found to be significant prognostic indicators (p < 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively). Patients with initial gross total resection (IRS Groups I and II) and noninvasive tumors (T1) were most likely to have prolonged PFS and OS. Patients with small tumors (<5 cm) (p = 0.09) had better PFS and OS. Adjuvant radiation therapy appeared to be of benefit, and chemotherapy did not seem to impact PFS or OS. Tumors > or = 5 cm are associated with increased risk of local recurrence and distant metastases. CONCLUSIONS: Complete resection with clear, yet not necessarily large, margins remains the treatment of choice for synovial sarcoma in children. Adjuvant radiation therapy should possibly be considered in patients with clear margins (IRS Group I) and in patients with microscopic residual tumor (IRS Group II). Chemotherapy did not seem to impact PFS or OS. Lymph nodes should be evaluated for local regional disease.     

Malignant minor pleural effusion detected on thoracotomy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer: is tumor resection beneficial for prognosis?

BACKGROUND: This study attempts to clarify the benefit of surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with malignant minor pleural effusion that is detected at thoracotomy. METHODS: Records of surgical patients with NSCLC were reviewed, with a definition of minor pleural effusion as less than 300 mL. The patients were divided into three groups as follows: (1) group C consisted of patients who underwent grossly complete resection; group I, patients with incomplete tumor resection; and group E, patients who underwent exploratory thoracotomy only. RESULTS: There were 196 patients who had minor pleural effusion; of these, 96 (46%) underwent an examination to define the malignancy status of pleural effusion after surgery. In 43 patients (45%), the effusion was found to be malignant. The median survival time and 5-year survival rate, respectively, were 13 months and 9% for group C (n = 11); 34 months and 10% for group I (n = 14; p = 0.3); and 17 months and 0% for group E (n = 18; p = 0.8). CONCLUSIONS: Tumor resection is not beneficial for the survival of patients with NSCLC who have a minor malignant pleural effusion.     

Phyllodes tumors of the breast: Adjuvant radiation therapy revisited

BackgroundPhyllodes tumors (PT) are rare entity and surgical resection is the cornerstone of treatment. No standard of care exists regarding adjuvant treatment especially radiation therapy (RT).Patients and methodsWe analyzed all patients with non-metastatic, resected phyllodes tumors who presented to our institution from January 2005 through December 2019. Primary study endpoints included local recurrence free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsOne hundred and eight patients were analyzed (patients with incomplete treatment and follow up data were excluded). Fifty patients had benign phyllodes, 26 patients had borderline and 32 patients had malignant phyllodes. In the benign group, no significant difference in LRFS was observed between patients who received adjuvant RT (n = 3) and those who did not (5-year LRFS 100% vs. 85% respectively, p = 0.49). The 5 year OS for patients who received RT was 60% vs. 89% for those who did not (p 0.40). In the borderline/malignant group, adjuvant RT significantly improved five year LRFS (90% in the RT group vs. 42% in the no RT group, p = 0.005). The 5 year LRFS in patients treated with margin negative breast conserving surgery and RT was 100% vs. 34.3% in patients who did not receive RT (p 0.022). Patients treated with mastectomy and RT had a 5 year LRFS of 100% vs. 83% for patients who did not receive RT (p 0.24). On multivariate analysis, radiation therapy was independently associated with decreased hazard of local failure (HR 0.21, CI 0.05–0.89, p = 0.03). No difference in OS was found between the RT and no RT groups (5-year OS was 52% vs. 45% respectively, p 0.54).ConclusionThe results of the current study confirm the excellent prognosis of benign phyllodes tumors; warranting no further adjuvant treatment after margin-negative surgical resection. For patients with borderline/malignant phyllodes tumors, adjuvant radiation therapy significantly improved LRFS after margin negative wide local excision; however, patients treated with mastectomy did not attain the same benefit from adjuvant irradiation.     

Real world initial palliative treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive,HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: A study of the National Cancer Center,China

BackgroundTo observe whether guideline non-adherence in initial palliative treatment choices for premenopausal hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients result in worse clinical outcomes in the Chinese population.MethodsThe China National Cancer Center database was used to identify 2194 patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015. A total of 451 premenopausal patients with HR + HER2- MBC were included. Clinicopathological features and survival information were extracted. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using log-rank test.ResultsThe number of patients receiving initial chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and chemo-endocrine therapy were 222 (49.2%), 80 (17.7%), and 149 (33.0%), respectively. Patients receiving initial chemotherapy were more likely to be luminal B subtype, had more de novo stage IV disease and more liver metastasis, compared with patients receiving initial endocrine therapy. Both PFS and OS were significantly longer for chemo-endocrine therapy group (median PFS 18.9 months and OS 75.0 months), than for endocrine therapy group (median PFS 11.7 months and OS 53.5 months), and chemotherapy group (median PFS 7.1 months and OS 43.9 months). In multivariate analysis, none of the three treatment strategies were independently associated with PFS or OS.ConclusionIn real world, a high percentage of premenopausal patients with HR + HER2- disease received chemotherapy as initial palliative treatment in China, which was not associated with worsened survival. Further studies with larger sample size across China are needed to explore the relationship between this guideline non-adherence and clinical outcomes.     

程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1抑制剂治疗晚期胆道恶性肿瘤疗效和预后因素分析

目的 评估程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1（PD-1）抑制剂治疗晚期胆道恶性肿瘤（BTC）的有效性和安全性。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月92例海军军医大学东方肝胆外科医院胆道一科接受PD-1 抑制剂治疗的晚期BTC病人临床资料、治疗效果、疾病无进展生存期（PFS）、总生存期（OS）和药物不良反应等资料,探讨不同治疗方案的临床疗效及可能相关的预后因素。结果 92例病人中,胆囊癌（GBC）31例、肝内胆管癌（ICC）34例、肝外胆管癌（ECC）27例。PD-1抑制剂治疗后6个月的客观缓解率（ORR）和疾病控制率分别为（DCR）17.4％和40.2％,其中GBC（25.8%）和ICC（23.5%）病人的ORR高于ECC（0）病人。92例病人的中位PFS为4.0个月,中位OS为10.0个月。联合靶向治疗组中位PFS及OS大于单药组（分别为5.0 个月vs. 2.5个月,P=0.007;11.0 vs. 7.5个月,P=0.005）,差异有统计学意义;联合化疗组中位PFS 及OS大于单药组,但差异无统计学意义（分别为3.2 个月vs. 2.5个月,P=0.227;10.0个月 vs. 7.5个月,P=0.114）;联合靶向治疗组中位PFS 及OS与联合化疗组相比,差异无统计学意义（分别为5.0个月vs. 3.2个月,P=0.101;11.0 vs. 10.0个月,P=0.254）。6例病人出现3级及以上免疫相关的不良反应。结论 对于晚期BTC病人,PD-1抑制剂联合靶向治疗的效果优于单药治疗;与ECC相比,GBC和ICC病人更可能从PD-1抑制剂治疗中获益。     

结直肠癌同时性肝转移新辅助化疗后手术对比直接手术患者的生存疗效

目的对比结直肠癌同时性肝转移行新辅助化疗后手术与直接手术患者的生存疗效。方法本研究采用回顾性队列研究方法,纳入在2008年1月至2018年12月期间,北京大学肿瘤医院肝胆胰外一科收治的282例初始评估为技术上可切除的结直肠同时性肝转移患者。以肝转移术前是否接受过新辅助化疗,分为新辅助化疗组(244例)和直接手术组(38例),比较两组的总生存时间(OS)和无进展生存时间(PFS)。采用倾向性评分校正后进行Cox多因素生存分析,校正的因素包括:性别、年龄、原发肿瘤部位、原发肿瘤T分期、临床风险评分(CRS)、RAS状态、辅助化疗有无、切缘状态。结果244例新辅助化疗组患者术前完成4(1~15)个周期的化疗,其中207例患者一线选择奥沙利铂为主的化疗方案,37例患者一线选择伊利替康为主的化疗方案,90例患者一线联合了靶向治疗。全组患者中位随访时间为30(5~134)个月,失访率1%。未校正前,新辅助化疗组1、3年OS分别为95.1%和66.4%,直接手术组1、3年OS分别为94.7%和51.5%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.026);新辅助化疗组1、3年PFS分别为51.0%和23.4%,直接手术组1、3年PFS分别为39.5%和11.5%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.039)。经倾向性评分校正后,Cox多因素分析显示,新辅助化疗是PFS的独立保护因素(HR=0.664,95%CI:0.449~0.982,P=0.040),但不是OS的独立保护因素(HR=0.651,95%CI:0.393~1.079,P=0.096)。亚组分析显示:新辅助一线化疗有效组(194例,包括完全缓解、部分缓解及缩小但未达到部分缓解)的1、3年OS分别为96.9%和67.1%,优于直接手术组(94.7%和51.5%),经倾向性评分校正后差异有统计学意义(P=0.026);而新辅助一线化疗无效组(50例,包括肿瘤进展或增大)的1、3年OS分别为90.0%和63.3%,与直接手术组(94.7%和51.5%)相比,经倾向性评分校正后差异无统计学意义(P=0.310)。结论对于可切除的结直肠癌同时性肝转移患者,新辅助化疗后行肝切除手术相对于直接手术可使患者获得更长的疾病控制时间,虽然整体OS获益不明显,但新辅助一线化疗有效患者的OS优于直接手术者。     

初始可手术切除Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人生存预测模型建立与验证北大核心CSCD

目的探究影响初始可手术切除Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人预后的独立危险因素,构建并验证个体化生存预测模型。方法回顾性分析2014-01-01—2019-12-31西安交通大学第一附属医院行手术治疗的445例Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人的临床病例资料。通过R软件采用随机抽样的方法,选择356例(4/5)病人作为建模组,剩余89例(1/5)病人作为验证组。在建模组中采用Cox比例风险模型分析初始可手术切除Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人预后的独立危险因素。通过R软件构建初始可手术切除Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人总生存率(OS)、无进展生存率(PFS)列线图。在建模组和验证组中绘制受试者特征(ROC)曲线和校准图评价列线图预测效能。结果年龄、切除效果、CRS评分以及术后辅助治疗为初始可手术切除Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人OS和PFS的独立危险因素。基于筛选出的危险因素成功构建预测初始可手术切除Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人的OS、PFS列线图模型。建模组与验证组5年OS和PFS的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.736、0.784、0.794、0.756。在建模组与验证组的校准图评价中校正曲线均展现了较好的拟合度。结论高龄、姑息性切除、CRS评分3~5分、术后未行辅助治疗是初始可手术切除Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人预后的独立危险因素。据此建立的预测模型能较为准确预测初始可手术切除Ⅳ期结直肠癌病人的预后,为临床决策提供参考和帮助。     

Observation versus radiotherapy with or without temozolomide in postoperative WHO grade II high-risk low-grade glioma: a retrospective cohort study

The optimal adjuvant treatment of high-risk low-grade glioma (LGG) is controversial. We performed this retrospective cohort study to compare three treatments including observation, radiotherapy (RT) alone, and radiotherapy combined with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy (STUPP regimen) in patients with high-risk LGG. Patients with high-risk (age > 40 or undergoing subtotal resection or biopsy) LGG treated with observation or radiotherapy alone or STUPP regimen after operation were retrospectively analyzed. Survival rates were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method; the log-rank test was applied to compare differences between groups. A total of 250 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median follow-up for living people was 70 months. Overall, patients who received radiotherapy with or without temozolomide had better progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) when compared with observation (median PFS: observation, 59 months; RT, 82 months; STUPP, not reached; median OS: observation, 96 months; RT, not reached; STUPP, not reached), whereas STUPP regimen did not further prolong PFS or OS than RT alone (PFS, P = 0.203; OS, P = 0.146). In oligodendroglioma (IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted) subtype, only STUPP regimen brought longer PFS when compared with observation (P = 0.008). The incidence of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (P < 0.001) and nausea or vomiting (P = 0.004) was higher in the STUPP group than the figure for the RT alone group. PFS and OS were similarly improved in patients with high-risk LGG receiving RT alone or STUPP regimen. However, only STUPP regimen was able to bring better PFS for oligodendroglioma (IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted) subgroup. Longer follow-up time is needed to determine an association with treatment effect in different histological and molecular subgroups.