Fas/FasL在大肠癌及癌旁组织的表达

目的研究Fas/FasL在大肠癌及癌旁组织中的表达及其生物学意义。方法利用免疫组织化学方法对 5 0例大肠癌组织、癌旁交界组织、距肿瘤边缘 5cm处、正常组织的Fas/FasL表达进行检测 ,分析上述组织中Fas/FasL表达的差异。结果大肠癌组织、癌旁交界组织与正常组织Fas/FasL的阳性表达率均有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;距肿瘤边缘 5cm处与正常组织的Fas/FasL的阳性表达率无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。不同分化的肿瘤组织中Fas/FasL表达均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论大肠癌中存在Fas表达的下调和FasL表达的上调 ,Fas/FasL系统可能参与了大肠癌细胞的免疫逃避机制     

肺癌组织Fas和FasL表达及临床意义

目的：研究肺癌组织中Fas和FasL表达及临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化SP法对46例肺癌组织和30例癌旁肺组织进行Fas和FasL表达检测。结果：在肺癌组织中，Fas表达下调，FasL表达明显上调。Fas在鳞癌、腺癌和小细胞肺癌中表达水平显低于癌旁肺组织(P＜0．01)，且与肺癌的病理分级、临床分期及转移呈负相关(P＜0．05)。分化程度低、已发生转移的肺癌Fas表达水平显下调(P＜0．05)。而FasL在鳞癌、腺癌和小细胞肺癌中表达水平显高于癌旁肺组织(P＜0．05)，且与肺癌的病理分级、临床分期及转移呈正相关(P＜0．05)。分化程度低、临床分期晚及已发生转移的肺癌FasL表达水平明显上调(P＜0．05)。Fas和FasL表达水平间呈负相关(P＜0．05)。结论：肿瘤通过下调Fas、上调FasL这种表达异常在肺癌发生、发展及转移过程中可能起协同作用。Fas和FasL可能成为早期诊断肺癌的标志物之一，联合检测对判断肺癌恶性程度及预测预后有较大参考价值。     

Fas、Fas配体和IFN-γ在胃癌中的表达

目的：研究Fas、Fas配体(FasL)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)在胃癌中的表达规律及可能的意义。方法：在石蜡包埋的58例胃癌组织和其中相对应的53例癌旁正常组织中，采用免疫组化方法检测Fas、FasL蛋白的表达，采用原位杂交方法检测IFN-γ mRNA的表达。结果：胃癌组织中胃癌细胞和癌旁组织中胃上皮细胞Fas阳性率分别为19．0％和64．2％，胃癌组阳性率明显低于癌旁组(χ^2=23．46；P=0．00)。胃癌组织中胃癌细胞和癌旁组织中胃上皮细胞FasL阳性率分别为63．8％和45．3％，胃癌组阳性率明显高于癌旁组(χ^2=3．83；P=0．05)。癌旁组织中胃上皮细胞，IFN-γ阳性率为49．1％，而胃癌组织中未发现一例阳性。结论：胃癌细胞Fas—FasL系统平衡失调，本研究中胃癌细胞不表达IFN-γ，可能与胃上皮细胞癌变及免疫逃逸有关。     

凋亡相关蛋白Fas、FasL在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及临床价值的探讨

目的：研究卵巢上皮性肿瘤中凋亡相关蛋白Fas、FasL 表达的研究分析其对肿瘤发生的意义及临床价值的探讨。方法：应用免疫组织化学技术检测59例卵巢肿瘤标本中Fas、FasL蛋白表达。 其中卵巢上皮性癌39例（66．10％），卵巢囊腺瘤10例（16．95％），交界性肿瘤10例（16．95％）。结果：Fas、FasL配体在所有的肿瘤中均高表达，Fas蛋白 的表达与分类无关（P＞0．05），FasL卵巢上皮性癌、卵巢囊腺瘤、 交界性肿瘤中的表达有统计学意义（P＜0．05），Fasl蛋白在晚期癌中（FIG0Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期）的表达超过早期癌（FIGOI期及Ⅱ期）(值分别为0．05和0．01）。结论：卵巢上皮性肿瘤的内在发展与凋亡相关蛋白Fas、FasL的表达相关，FasL表达在晚期癌中高于早期癌，临床显示预后效果差。     

胃癌前组织和胃癌中Fas基因表达及其与细胞凋亡的关系

目的 探讨胃癌组织及胃癌中Fas基因表达状况及其与细胞凋亡的关系。方法 应用原位杂交和免疫组织化学技术检测10例正常胃粘膜、72例慢性胃炎和53例胃癌中Fas基因的表达,并采用凋亡细胞原位检测方法对组织切片中的凋亡细胞进行观察和比较。结果 正常胃粘膜无Fas基因表达。Fas mRNA在肠化生组织中的表达率为75．00％,显著高于萎缩性胃炎（37．50％,P＜0．01）和胃癌（52．83％,P＜0．05）。Fas蛋白在肠化生组织中的表达率为80．56％,显著高于萎缩性胃炎（37．50％,P＜0．01）、异型增生（55．00％,P＜0．05）和胃癌（45．28％,P＜0．01）。X^2检验表明两种方法检测阳性率差异无显著性。凋亡细胞原位检测结果显示,Fas蛋白表达阳性萎缩性胃炎、肠化生和胃癌组织中的凋亡细胞指数显著高于Fas蛋白阴性组（P＜0．05及P＜0．01）,Fas蛋白表达状态与细胞凋亡指数呈正相关（r=0．393,P＜0．01）。结论 Fas基因对胃癌前组织及胃癌细胞凋亡具有促进性调控作用,细胞凋亡调控异常在胃癌发病中可能起重要作用。     

镜检大肠癌黏膜Fas,FasL的表达与肿瘤浸润转移

目的 探讨Fas和FasL在镜检大肠癌黏膜的表达与肿瘤浸润转移的关系。方法 免疫组化（SP)法分别对51例大肠癌和42例正常大肠黏膜的镜检组织进行了Fas,FasL表达的检测。结果 42例正常大肠黏膜为Fas,FasL阳性,阳性率100％。大肠癌黏膜Fas,FasL阳性率分别为35％（18／51）和39％（20／51）。大肠癌黏膜Fas,FasL表达阳性率明显低于正常大肠黏膜（P＜0．01）。大肠癌黏膜Fas,FasL表达与局部浸润深度、淋巴结转移无关（P＞0．05）。6例肝转移者,其镜检原发灶黏膜Fas均为阴性。镜检癌黏膜同时表达Fas,FasL阳性率为12％（6／51）,Fas(-)FasL( )癌黏膜比Fas( )FasL(-)更易侵及浆膜或浆膜外（P＜0．05）。结论 Fas,FasL的表达异常与大肠癌的发生有关。Fas抗原缺失可能与大肠癌肝转移有关。     

大肠癌中Fas／FasL、p27及PCAN的表达及意义

目的研究Fas/FasL在大肠癌及癌周不同部位细胞中的表达以及p27、PCNA在大肠癌组织中的表达,并探讨其生物学意义.方法利用免疫组化法对50例大肠癌组织、癌旁交界组织、距肿瘤边缘5cm处、正常组织的Fas/FasL表达进行检测,检验上述组织中Fas/FasL表达的差异.并对其中正常组织和肿瘤组织的p27、PCNA在表达进行检测.结果比较肿瘤组织、癌旁交界组织与正常组织Fas的阳性表达率(62%vs84%vs100%)和FasL的阳性表达率(86%vs66%vs2%),差异均有显著性(P<0.05).距肿瘤边缘5cm处与正常组织的Fas阳性表达率(98%vs100%)和FasL的阳性表达率(8%vs2%),差异无显著性(P>0.05).而不同分化的肿瘤组织中Fas/FasL表达差异无显著性(P>0.05).p27在肿瘤组织与正常组织中的高表达率分别为54%和100%;PCNA的阳性细胞数分别为(22.37±6.05)和(50.91±16.06),PCNA和p27在二组织中的表达差异均有显著性(P<0.05),且p27、PCNA表达与大肠癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移和Dukes分期显著有关.结论大肠癌中存在Fas表达的下调和FasL表达的上调,Fas/FasL系统可能参与了大肠癌细胞的免疫逃避机制;p27蛋白的表达与大肠癌的临床病理学特征密切相关,可能是一个预测大肠癌预后的重要指标;PCNA是反映细胞增殖活性的重要指标.     

Fas及FasL在胃癌组织非典型增生组织和正常胃粘膜中表达研究

目的:探讨细胞凋亡相关蛋白Fas、FasL在胃癌发生、发展中的作用。方法:应用免疫组化(S-P法)检测Fas、FasL蛋白在胃癌组织、癌旁非典型增生组织中的表达,并应用缺口原位末端标记(TUNEL染色)检测上述组织中的细胞凋亡指数(AI)。结果:Fas、FasL在胃癌及非典型增生组织中的表达显著高于正常胃粘膜(P<0.01),正常胃粘膜组织的凋亡指数显著低于非典型增生组织(P<0.01)和胃癌组织(P<0.05)。结论:Fas、FasL的异常表达可能是胃粘膜癌变过程中细胞凋亡抑制的重要机制之一,并与胃癌的免疫逃逸有关。     

Ki67、Fas系统在卵巢肿瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：通过检测卵巢肿瘤组织Ki67,Fas系统的表达，探讨其与卵巢细胞增殖与凋亡的关系。方法：用流式细胞术检测Ki67,Fas,FasL抗原在52例卵巢肿瘤组织中的表达。结果：（1）卵巢癌组织中Ki67表达显著高于卵巢良性肿瘤（P＜0．01），Fas表达下调（P＜0．01），FasL表达增高（P＜0．01），（2）Ki67随组织学分级（P＜0．01），临床分期（P＜0．05）的升高而增加，与卵巢癌组织大小呈正相关（r=0.499,P=0.006)，与淋巴结转移无关，Fas与组织学分级，临床分期，淋巴结转移及组织大小无关（P＞0．05），FasL的表达与临床分期无关，但随组织学分级的升高而增加（P＜0．05），有淋巴结转移者FasL的表达高于无淋巴结转移者（P＜0．05），结论：Ki67与卵巢癌的组织学分级，临床分期及肿瘤大小有关，卵巢癌组织中存在Fas表达的下调及FasL表达增加，这与肿瘤的免疫逃逸有关。     

HSP27和P53蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：分析热休克蛋白27（ HSP27）及P53蛋白在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数之间的关系,探讨其作为预后指标的意义。方法建立组织芯片,通过免疫组化SP法检测75例无术前放化疗史的胃癌手术标本和52例癌旁组织中HSP27及P53蛋白的表达情况,并对随访患者进行生存分析。结果 HSP27阳性表达率在胃癌组织中为64．0％,在癌旁组织中为30．8％,2组差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．01）;HSP27表达与肿瘤TNM分期、分化程度、肿瘤大小和淋巴结转移有关（ P＜0．05）。 P53蛋白阳性表达率在胃癌组织中为68．0％,在癌旁组织中为7．7％,2组差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）;P53蛋白表达与肿瘤TNM分期和分化程度有关（P＜0．05）。 Pearson相关分析显示,在胃癌中,HSP27与P53表达呈正相关（r＝0．319,P＜0．01）。 Kaplan -Meier生存分析结果显示,HSP27高表达与胃癌预后不良有关（χ2＝13．109,P＝0．000）。经Cox比例风险回归模型分析显示,肿瘤的分期、大小、有无淋巴结转移以及HSP27的表达与患者预后有关（ P＜0．05）。结论 HSP27高表达与胃癌有关,提示HSP27可能在胃癌的发生、发展中起重要作用。 HSP27与P53表达呈正相关,提示两者在肿瘤的发生、发展中可能具有协同作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.