PVC的热失重和热解动力学

热重法对PVC树脂的热解研究表明，热解过程可分为3个阶段，250～350℃为第一失重阶段、350～400℃为稳定阶段、400～550℃为第二失重阶段；升温速率对热解有较显著的影响，随升温速率的增加，Tb、Tf和Tm随之提高，但各阶段的失重率并不改变；气氛对热解有重要的影响，在含氧气氛中总失重约为100%，而氢气中的总失重最低。热解动力学研究表明，PVC的热解为一级反应过程，3个阶段的热解活化能受气氛影响稍有差异，分别为170～200kJ／mol、10～20kJ／mol和50～80kJ／mol，各阶段活化能的较大幅度变化说明各阶段热解反应机理是不同的。     

高温煤气中氯化氢和碱金属蒸气的脱除

对高温煤气中的氯化氢和碱金属蒸气进行了单独和同时脱除的研究,单独脱除的研究得出,脱氯剂的氯容量随反应温度的增在而提高,试验所选的5种吸附剂对碱金属都具有脱除性能,其中以高铝土和活性Al2O3吸附剂的吸附效率最高,在840度条件下活性Al2O3吸附剂对碱金属化合物的脱除主要以物理吸附的方式进行,在HCl气体和碱金属蒸气同时存在条件下,高铝土脱除碱金属的效率高达79．5％。TCl1脱氯剂脱除HCl气体的效率为100％。     

温和条件下水-异丙醇溶液中多氯联苯的催化脱氯(英文)

目的研究温和条件下,多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls,PCBs)的催化脱氯减毒方法。方法在40℃常压条件下,水-异丙醇混合溶剂中,用钯/碳催化剂对多氯联苯进行催化脱氯研究。结果催化脱氯反应4 h后,多氯联苯同类物总浓度从47 991 pg.ml-1减小到55 pg.ml-1,氯脱除率达到99.89%;有毒多氯联苯同类物的总毒性当量从979 pg TEQ/ml减小到0.40 pg TEQ/ml,毒性削减率达到99.96%。结论尽管存在种类繁多的其他持久性组分的干扰,钯/碳催化剂对从垃圾焚烧飞灰中提取的多氯联苯的脱氯表现出很高的活性。     

煤的热解研究：Ⅰ.气氛和温度对热解的影响

常压、温度为６００￣１２００℃条件下，东胜烟煤分别在氢和氮气氛中热解的实验研究表明：煤在氢气氛中热解与在氮气氛相比产气率更高，焦油质量较好，同时获得了较高的煤转化率，热解温度强烈地影响热解产物的组成和煤转化率，随温度的升高煤化率提高，热解气产率增加，ＣＨ４，ＣＯ和ＣＯ２的产率上升，焦油产率降低，但温度对Ｃ２＾＋和Ｈ２Ｏ的产率影响不大。     

过磷酸钙中水溶性氟的脱除研究

本文介绍了延长过磷酸钙熟化时间脱除其水溶性氟，还介绍了添加电由Nas,Na2O.MSiO2、絮凝剂等物质组成的复合剂，脱除过磷酸钙水萃取液中氟的研究。结果显示，氟脱净率远远优于传统一钙法中用KCl或NaCl脱氟[1]，提高饲料磷酸氢钙收率约40%。     

"低温微波-硝酸快速脱钙"技术研究及应用

目的 探讨低温微波-硝酸快速脱钙技术对骨及软组织抗原活性的影响。方法 根据实验条件分为4组：①低温(10℃)微波硝酸；②室温(20℃)微波硝酸；③室温(20℃)硝酸，硝酸脱钙液的浓度分别是5％、8％、10％和13％；④10％乙烯二胺四乙酸钠(EDTA)脱钙液。应用免疫组织化学LSAB染色，光镜观察免疫组化染色结果。结果 以硝酸作为脱钙剂时，①组和④组的阳性细胞相近，均显著高于②、③组，经8％和10％硝酸脱钙的免疫组化染色阳性细胞明显多于5％和13％的硝酸。低温微波硝酸快速脱钙技术能显著缩短脱钙时间。结论 低温微波．硝酸快速脱钙能在短时间内获得满意的染色效果。     

Ⅱ期原位植皮法治疗肢体大面积皮肤挤压撕脱伤的临床研究

目的探讨Ⅱ期原位植皮法治疗肢体大面积皮肤挤压撕脱伤的处理方法及疗效观察。方法Ⅱ期原位植皮法治疗肢体大面积皮肤挤压撕脱伤39例，并进行疗效观察。结果39例患者中23例皮片成活100％；11例皮片成活85％以上；3例皮片部分坏死成活70％左右；1例皮片坏死成活≤50％；1例形成溃疡。39例患者均随访3～12个月，皮瓣颜色正常，肢体功能恢复良好。骨折4～6个月后痊愈。结论Ⅱ期原位植皮法避免了I期植皮成活率低、易于感染、术后瘢痕严重的缺点，是治疗肢体大面积皮肤挤压撕脱伤有效的治疗方法，成活皮肤具有弹性好、耐磨、耐压等优点。彻底清创是提高皮片成活率、降低感染率及坏死率的关键。     

牛心包脱细胞在质的研制

目的 为组织工程学方法研制生物瓣提供适合的基质材料。方法 用去污剂－酶联合四步法脱除牛心包组织中的细胞，并对处理后组织的理化性质进行分析、测试。结果 脱细胞效果良好，且能较好地保持胶原纤维和弹性纤维的排列分布。脱细胞后的牛心包组织的厚度、抗拉负荷、抗拉强度、断裂率和热皱缩温度无明显变化。组织中可溶性蛋白含量无显著变化，而作为结构成分的胶原蛋白和蛋白聚糖得到了较好的保存。结论 去污剂－酶联合四步法能有效地制造牛心包脱细胞基质材料。     

加氢热解煤焦的二氧化碳和水蒸气气化特性

采用热重分析仪研究了云南玉溪煤和新疆准东煤的加氢热解煤焦二氧化碳气化反应性,考察了成焦压力、停留时间及气氛对煤焦气化反应性的影响,并利用均相模型计算了各煤焦的非等温气化动力学参数。采用实验室固定床反应器,研究了上述两种煤加氢热解煤焦的水蒸气气化特性,考察了成焦气氛对煤焦气化速率和气体产物组成的影响。热重气化实验表明,准东煤焦的气化反应性明显好于玉溪煤焦,前者的反应活化能远小于后者的反应活化能;无论哪种煤,加氢热解煤焦的气化反应性随加氢过程碳转化率的增大呈下降趋势;在相近的碳转化率下,加氢热解煤焦的气化反应性明显好于氮气气氛热解所得煤焦。在水蒸气气化的情况下,准东煤焦的气化反应性同样好于玉溪煤焦。总体上准东加氢热解煤焦的产氢率相比氮气气氛热解所得煤焦有所增加,不过对于这两种煤焦,随着气化温度提高,H2与CO的物质的量之比均逐渐接近于热力学平衡所得的计算值。     

4,4‘—联苯二甲酸—酚酞／四溴酚酞共聚酯的气体透过性能

合成了一系列单体比例不同的４，４′－联苯二甲酸－酚酞／四溴酚酞共聚酯，并制成柔软透明的均质薄膜。测定了膜对氢气、氧气、氮气、二氧化碳、甲烷的气体透过性能，重点研究单体比例不同的共聚物中分子主链溴含量对气体透过性能的影响，发现随着四溴酚酞单体含量的增加，气体在聚合物中的溶解系数增大；扩散系数下降；气体透过系数在一定范围内存在较大值；分离系数的变化则不明显。结果表明在聚芳酯的芳环上引入适当含量的溴，可以提高聚合物的气体透过系数，而对分离系数的值影响不大。     

聚(2-甲氧基-5-壬氧基)对苯乙炔的合成及其电致发光性质

以对甲氧基苯酚和溴代正壬烷为原料，通过醚化、氯甲基化和脱氯化氢反应得到可溶性的聚（２－甲氧基－５－壬氧基）对苯乙炔，以其为发光层装配了聚合物单层电致发光器件，研究了它的电致发光和光致发光性质；电致发光器件具有良好的稳定性，其起亮电压为７Ｖ。聚合物的结构由ＩＲ、＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ及ＵＶ／Ｖｉｓ光谱得到确认。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.